CN115000193A - Shingled photovoltaic module and method of making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a laminated photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof. The laminated photovoltaic module comprises a first battery unit and a second battery unit, wherein the first battery unit comprises a first battery body; the second battery unit comprises a second battery body and a second conducting layer arranged on the second battery body, the material of the second conducting layer comprises metal, the second conducting layer is connected with the first battery body, and the metal in the second conducting layer and the material of the first battery body form alloy. The shingled photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the electric connection and the structural connection between the first battery unit and the second battery unit by connecting the second conducting layer on the second battery unit with the first battery body in the first battery unit, and in addition, because no conducting resin is used in the shingled photovoltaic module, the manufacturing process of the shingled photovoltaic module can be simplified, and the production cost of the shingled photovoltaic module is reduced.

Description

Shingled photovoltaic module and method of making the same

technical field

The present application relates to the field of solar cells, and in particular, to a shingled photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

With the accelerated global consumption of conventional fossil energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas, the ecological environment continues to deteriorate, especially the increasingly severe global climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions. The sustainable development of human society has been seriously threatened. Solar energy has become one of the most important renewable energy sources due to its reliability, safety, widespread, longevity, environmental protection, and resource adequacy, and is expected to become the main pillar of global power supply in the future.

In the context of vigorously promoting and using solar green energy, shingled photovoltaic modules use the electrical principle of low current and low loss (the power loss of photovoltaic modules is proportional to the square of the operating current), which greatly reduces the power loss of the modules. By laying a larger number of cells at the chip spacing in the battery module to generate electricity, the energy density per unit area is higher.

The current mainstream manufacturing process of shingled photovoltaic modules is to use conductive adhesive to bond the cut cells. However, due to the high cost of conductive adhesive, the production cost of shingled photovoltaic modules is relatively high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide a shingled photovoltaic assembly and a manufacturing method thereof. The shingled photovoltaic assembly does not need to use conductive adhesive in the manufacturing process, and the manufacturing process is simple and the production cost is low.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shingled photovoltaic module, including:

a first battery unit, the first battery unit including a first battery body;

A second battery unit, the second battery unit includes a second battery body and a second conductive layer disposed on the second battery body, the material of the second conductive layer includes metal, and the second conductive layer is The first battery body is connected, and the metal in the second conductive layer forms an alloy with the material of the first battery body.

In some embodiments, the material of the first battery body includes silicon, and the material of the second conductive layer includes one or more of gold, silver, copper, and aluminum.

In some embodiments, the first battery unit further includes a first conductive layer disposed on the first battery body, and the second conductive layer is connected to the first conductive layer.

In some embodiments, the first battery body is provided with a blank area not covered by the first conductive layer, and at least a part of the area on the second conductive layer is filled in the blank area.

In some embodiments, the second conductive layer includes a second bus line, a second sub-gate line, and a connecting portion, the second bus line and the second sub-gate line are connected, and the first Both the two main grid lines and the second secondary grid lines are connected to the connecting portion, wherein the connecting portion is connected to the first battery body.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module, including:

A first battery unit and a second battery unit are provided, the first battery unit includes a first battery body; the second battery unit includes a second battery body and a second conductive paste disposed on the second battery body layer, the material of the second conductive paste layer includes metal;

Stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit to obtain a stack, in which the second conductive paste layer on the second battery unit and the layer stacked on one side of the stack are The first battery body of the first battery unit is in direct contact;

Heating the laminate to sinter the second conductive paste layer to form a second conductive layer, and the metal in the second conductive layer and the material of the first battery body form an alloy to obtain shingled photovoltaic modules.

In some embodiments, the first battery unit further includes a first conductive paste layer disposed on the first battery body;

After stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, the first conductive paste layer is connected to the second conductive paste layer;

After heating the laminate, the first conductive paste layer is sintered to form a first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is connected to the first conductive layer.

In some embodiments, the first battery body is provided with a blank area not covered by the first conductive paste layer;

After stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, at least a part of the area on the second conductive paste layer is filled in the blank area.

In some embodiments, the material of the first battery body includes silicon, and the material of the second conductive paste layer includes one or more of gold, silver, copper, and aluminum.

In some embodiments, when the laminations are heated, the laminations are heated to 600°C to 800°C, and maintained at 600°C to 800°C for 10 seconds to 120 seconds.

In the shingled photovoltaic module provided by the embodiments of the present application, by connecting the second conductive layer on the second battery unit with the first battery body in the first battery unit, not only can the connection between the first battery unit and the second battery unit be realized Moreover, since the metal in the second conductive layer forms an alloy with the material of the first battery body, the connection between the second conductive layer and the first battery body is very firm, so it can improve the The structural stability of the shingled photovoltaic module, and the alloy formed at the junction of the second conductive layer and the first battery body can significantly reduce the resistance between the second conductive layer and the first battery body, and reduce the loss during the current collection process. , to improve the conversion efficiency of the shingled photovoltaic assembly; in addition, since the conductive adhesive is not used in the shingled photovoltaic assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application, the manufacturing process of the shingled photovoltaic assembly can be simplified, and the production cost of the shingled photovoltaic assembly can be reduced.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shingled photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conductive layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second conductive layer provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a manufacturing method of a shingled photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shingled photovoltaic assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conductive layer provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present application. A schematic diagram of the structure of the second conductive layer is provided. The embodiment of the present application provides a shingled photovoltaic assembly 100, including a first battery unit 10 and a second battery unit 20, the first battery unit 10 includes a first battery body 11; the second battery unit 20 includes a second battery body 21 and a second battery unit 20. The second conductive layer 22 disposed on the second battery body 21, the material of the second conductive layer 22 includes metal, the second conductive layer 22 is connected to the first battery body 11, and the metal in the second conductive layer 22 is connected to the first battery body 11. The material of a battery body 11 forms an alloy.

In the shingled photovoltaic module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by connecting the second conductive layer 22 on the second battery unit 20 with the first battery body 11 in the first battery unit 10 , not only can the first battery unit 10 be connected to the The electrical connection and structural connection between the second battery cells 20 , and since the metal in the second conductive layer 22 forms an alloy with the material of the first battery body 11 , the second conductive layer 22 and the first battery body form an alloy. The connection between 11 is very strong, so the structural stability of the shingled photovoltaic module 100 can be improved, and the alloy formed at the junction of the second conductive layer 22 and the first cell body 11 can significantly reduce the contact between the second conductive layer 22 and the first cell body 11. The resistance between the battery bodies 11 reduces the loss in the current collection process and improves the conversion efficiency of the shingled photovoltaic module 100; in addition, since the shingled photovoltaic module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application does not use conductive glue, it can simplify the The manufacturing process of the shingled photovoltaic assembly 100 and the production cost of the shingled photovoltaic assembly 100 are reduced.

Exemplarily, the material of the first battery body 11 includes silicon, and the material of the second conductive layer 22 includes one or more of gold, silver, copper, and aluminum. In the embodiments of the present application, the multiple types may be two or more, for example, three types, four types, and the like.

In some embodiments, the material of the second conductive layer 22 is silver, and the silver in the second conductive layer 22 and the silicon in the first battery body 11 form a silver-silicon alloy. Exemplarily, the second conductive layer 22 may be prepared by sintering silver paste.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the first battery unit 10 may further include a first conductive layer 12 disposed on the first battery body 11 , and the second conductive layer 22 is connected to the first conductive layer 12 . It can be understood that the first conductive layer 12 can play the role of concentrating currents in various regions on the first battery body 11 . Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, the first conductive layer 12 is provided on the first battery body 11 , and the The second conductive layer 22 is connected to the first conductive layer 12 , which can speed up the current conduction rate in the shingled photovoltaic module 100 , thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the first battery body 11 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the first battery body 11 may have a blank area 125 not covered by the first conductive layer 12 , and at least part of the second conductive layer 22 is filled in the blank area 125 .

Exemplarily, the blank area 125 may be provided at the edge of the first battery body 11 .

Exemplarily, the first conductive layer 12 may include gate lines 122 connected to the second conductive layer 22 .

Illustratively, the material of the first conductive layer 12 includes aluminum or silver. In some embodiments, the first conductive layer 12 is made of aluminum paste or silver paste after sintering.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the second conductive layer 22 includes a second bus line 221 , a second sub-gate line 222 and a connecting portion 223 , the second bus line 221 and the second sub-gate line 222 are connected, and the first The two main grid lines 221 and the second secondary grid lines 222 are both connected to the connecting portion 223 , wherein the connecting portion 223 is connected to the first battery body 11 . That is, the connection portion 223 is filled in the blank area 125 on the first battery body 11 . The material of the second bus line 221 , the material of the second sub-gate line 222 , and the material of the connection part 223 may each include one or more of gold, silver, copper, and aluminum.

Exemplarily, the second bus line 221 and the second sub gate line 222 may be perpendicular to each other. It can be understood that the second sub-gate line 222 plays a role of guiding current, and the second main gate line 221 plays a role of collecting the current on the second sub-gate line 222 and summarizing the current. Since the width of the second busbar 221 is relatively large, in the embodiment of the present application, the connecting portion 223 is provided to connect with the first battery body 11 , and the silver in the connecting portion 223 and the silicon in the first battery body 11 are used to form a silver-silicon alloy. , and connecting the connection portion 223 with the first conductive layer 12 can simultaneously enhance the stability of the electrical connection and the structural connection between the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 .

Exemplarily, the connection part 223 may be provided on the edge of the second battery body 21 .

Exemplarily, the width of the second main gate line 221 is greater than the width of the second auxiliary gate line 222 , and the width of the gate line 122 in the first conductive layer 12 may be the same as the width of the second auxiliary gate line 222 in the second conductive layer 22 . same width.

Exemplarily, the connection part 223 may be rectangular, and both the length and the width of the connection part 223 are greater than the width of the second bus line 221 .

Exemplarily, the material of the second battery body 21 may include silicon, and the material of the second conductive layer 22 may include aluminum or silver.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 3 . FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a shingled photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application. Embodiments of the present application also provide a method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module, including:

S100, please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 to provide a first battery unit 10 and a second battery unit 20. The first battery unit 10 includes a first battery body 11; the second battery unit 20 includes a second battery body 21 and a The second conductive paste layer on the battery body 21, and the material of the second conductive paste layer includes metal.

Exemplarily, the material of the first battery body 11 is silicon.

Exemplarily, the material of the second conductive paste layer may include one or more of gold, silver, copper, and aluminum. In some embodiments, the material of the second conductive paste layer is silver paste, and the silver paste is a viscous paste composed of metallic silver particles, glass powder, and organic solvent. Exemplarily, the second conductive paste layer may be disposed on the second battery body 21 by screen printing.

Exemplarily, the second conductive paste layer may include a busbar paste and a subgrid paste. When preparing the second battery unit 20 , the secondary grid paste (for forming the second battery unit 21 ) may be first printed on the second battery body 21 . The secondary grid lines 222), and then the secondary grid paste is sintered, so that the secondary grid paste is completely attached to the second battery body 21, and the sintering temperature is 600°C to 800°C, such as 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, etc., and then print the busbar paste on the second battery body 21 (for forming the second busbar lines 221 and the connecting parts 223 ), the secondary grid paste and the busbar paste together form the second conductive Slurry layer. Since the busbar paste and the subgrid paste are respectively set in two screen printing processes, after the secondary grid paste is printed, the secondary grid paste is sintered so that the secondary grid paste can be completely attached to the first grid. On the secondary battery body 21, the secondary grid paste can be prevented from being scraped off during the process of screen printing the main grid paste.

Exemplarily, the first battery unit 10 further includes a first conductive paste layer (for forming the first conductive layer 12 ) disposed on the first battery body 11 . Exemplarily, the first conductive paste layer may be disposed on the first battery body 11 by screen printing. The material of the first conductive paste layer can be aluminum paste or silver paste, and the aluminum paste is a viscous paste composed of metal aluminum particles, glass powder and organic solvent. It can be understood that, since the cost of aluminum paste is lower than that of noble metal paste such as silver paste, the fabrication cost of the shingled photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced. Exemplarily, after the first conductive paste layer is disposed on the first battery body 11, the first conductive paste layer may be dried to make the first conductive paste layer adhere to the first battery body 11, which is Because when the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 are stacked, the first battery unit 10 needs to be turned over, so that the first conductive paste layer is disposed toward the second battery unit 20 below, that is, the first conductive paste The material layer is set downward. If the first conductive paste layer is not dried before turning over, the first conductive paste layer is easily dropped from the first battery body 11 after the first battery unit 10 is turned over, resulting in stacking The tile photovoltaic module 100 fails to be fabricated. After drying, the first conductive paste layer is firmly attached to the first battery body 11 and will not be detached from the first battery body 11 due to the inversion of the first battery unit 10 . Exemplarily, when drying the first conductive paste layer, the drying temperature may be 400°C to 500°C, such as 400°C, 420°C, 440°C, 480°C, 500°C, and the like.

Exemplarily, the first battery body 11 may be provided with a blank area 125 not covered by the first conductive paste layer. After the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 are subsequently laminated, the second conductive paste The layer will be embedded in the blank area 125 so as to be in direct contact with the first battery body 11 .

It can be understood that, since the shingled photovoltaic module 100 is formed by overlapping a plurality of battery cells, that is to say, the plurality of battery cells may be the same, in the embodiment of the present application, the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 may be the same, that is, the side of the first battery unit 10 away from the first conductive paste layer may be provided with a second conductive paste layer, and the side of the second battery unit 20 away from the second conductive paste layer may be provided There is a first conductive paste layer.

Exemplarily, "providing the first battery unit 10" or "providing the second battery unit 20" may specifically include: firstly performing PL (photoluminescence) detection on the semi-finished battery sheet to detect whether there is dirt, black spots, etc. Contaminated sheets, sort out Class A semi-finished cells, and then use lasers to shard the semi-finished cells according to the 100-side design of the shingled photovoltaic module (for example, all two, all three...all seven, etc.), and separate the splits by the belt gripper , and then print the aluminum paste (the first conductive paste layer) on the back of the slitted semi-finished cell, then dry the aluminum paste in a drying furnace (drying temperature 400°C to 500°C), and then apply the slitted semi-finished product The auxiliary grid paste is printed on the front side of the cell (for forming the second auxiliary grid line 222), and then the auxiliary grid paste is sintered (sintering temperature is 600°C to 800°C), so that the secondary grid paste is completely attached to the semi-finished battery. Then, the busbar paste (for forming the second busbar lines 221 and the connecting parts 223 ) is printed on the front side of the cut semi-finished cell, and the subgrid paste and the busbar paste together form a second conductive paste layer.

S200 , referring to FIG. 1 , superimpose the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 to obtain a laminate. In the laminate, the second conductive paste layer on the second battery unit 20 is superimposed on one side of the second conductive paste layer. The first battery body 11 of the first battery cell 10 is in direct contact.

Exemplarily, the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20 may be placed on a conveyor belt (steel belt/belt) for superimposition by using a manipulator. Exemplarily, the conveyor belt may be provided with mesh holes. , a vacuum can be drawn under the conveyor belt to form a certain degree of vacuum between the superimposed battery cells and improve the tightness of the bonding between the superimposed battery cells. After the stacking is completed, the laminations can be transported to the sintering furnace for sintering using a conveyor belt.

S300 , referring to FIG. 1 , heat the laminate to sinter the second conductive paste layer to form the second conductive layer 22 , and the metal in the second conductive layer 22 forms an alloy with the material of the first battery body 11 to obtain Shingled photovoltaic module 100 .

Exemplarily, when the first battery unit 10 further includes a first conductive paste layer disposed on the first battery body 11, after stacking the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20, the first conductive paste layer connected with the second conductive paste layer; after heating the laminate, the first conductive paste layer is sintered to form the first conductive layer 12 , and the second conductive layer 22 is connected to the first conductive layer 12 .

Exemplarily, when the first battery body 11 is provided with a blank area 125 not covered by the first conductive paste layer, after stacking the first battery unit 10 and the second battery unit 20, the second conductive paste layer At least part of the area above is filled in the blank area 125 .

Exemplarily, when the laminations are heated, the laminations may be heated to 600°C to 800°C (eg, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, etc.), and maintained at 600°C to 800°C for 10 seconds to 120 seconds (eg, 10 seconds, 20 seconds, 40 seconds, 60 seconds, 80 seconds, 100 seconds, 120 seconds, etc.).

Illustratively, the laminations may be heated in a sintering furnace.

In some embodiments, the material of the first battery body 11 is silicon, the material of the second conductive paste layer is silver, and after the second conductive paste layer is sintered to form the second conductive layer 22 , the silver in the second conductive layer 22 A silver-silicon alloy is formed with the silicon in the first cell body 11 .

Exemplarily, the second conductive layer 22 includes a second bus line 221 , a second sub-gate line 222 and a connecting portion 223 , the second bus line 221 and the second sub-gate line 222 are connected, and the second bus line 222 221 and the second secondary grid line 222 are both connected to the connecting portion 223 , wherein the connecting portion 223 is connected to the first battery body 11 . That is, the connection portion 223 is filled in the blank area 125 on the first battery body 11 .

Exemplarily, after heating the laminated sheet to obtain the shingled photovoltaic module 100, EL (electroluminescence) testing can be performed on the shingled photovoltaic module 100 to verify whether there is any printing or lamination defect, and if there is a defect, perform an EL (electroluminescence) test. Repair, if qualified, go to the next assembly process.

The shingled photovoltaic module and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help the understanding of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. To sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A shingled photovoltaic module, characterized in that, comprising: a first battery unit, the first battery unit including a first battery body; A second battery unit, the second battery unit includes a second battery body and a second conductive layer disposed on the second battery body, the material of the second conductive layer includes metal, and the second conductive layer is The first battery body is connected, and the metal in the second conductive layer forms an alloy with the material of the first battery body. 2 . The shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the material of the first cell body comprises silicon, and the material of the second conductive layer comprises one of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or variety. 3 . The shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the first battery unit further comprises a first conductive layer disposed on the first battery body, the second conductive layer and the The first conductive layer is connected. 4 . The shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 3 , wherein the first cell body is provided with a blank area not covered by the first conductive layer, and at least part of the second conductive layer is formed on the first cell body. 5 . Areas are filled in the blank areas. 5 . The shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the second conductive layer comprises a second main grid line, a second sub grid line and a connecting portion, and the second The busbar is connected to the second sub-grid, and both the second busbar and the second sub-grid are connected to the connecting portion, wherein the connecting portion is connected to the first battery body is connected. 6. A method for making a shingled photovoltaic module, comprising: A first battery unit and a second battery unit are provided, the first battery unit includes a first battery body; the second battery unit includes a second battery body and a second conductive paste disposed on the second battery body layer, the material of the second conductive paste layer includes metal; Stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit to obtain a stack, in which the second conductive paste layer on the second battery unit and the layer stacked on one side of the stack are The first battery body of the first battery unit is in direct contact; Heating the laminate to sinter the second conductive paste layer to form a second conductive layer, and the metal in the second conductive layer and the material of the first battery body form an alloy to obtain shingled photovoltaic modules. 7 . The method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 6 , wherein the first battery unit further comprises a first conductive paste layer disposed on the first battery body; 8 . After stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, the first conductive paste layer is connected to the second conductive paste layer; After heating the laminate, the first conductive paste layer is sintered to form a first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is connected to the first conductive layer. 8 . The method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 7 , wherein the first cell body is provided with a blank area not covered by the first conductive paste layer; 9 . After stacking the first battery unit and the second battery unit, at least a part of the area on the second conductive paste layer is filled in the blank area. 9 . The method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module according to claim 6 , wherein the material of the first cell body comprises silicon, and the material of the second conductive paste layer comprises gold, silver, copper, and aluminum. 10 . one or more of. 10. The method for manufacturing a shingled photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, when the laminations are heated, the laminations are heated to 600° C. to 800° C. 600°C to 800°C for 10 seconds to 120 seconds.

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