CN114993956B - Cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of optical detection equipment, in particular to a cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence, which comprises a housing, a detection material strip is slidably fitted on the housing, a plurality of detection cavities for placing different cuvettes are opened on the detection material strip along its length direction, and a driving component for driving the detection material strip to slide back and forth between the inside and outside of the housing is also provided on the housing. The present application has the advantage of improving the detection efficiency of the detection device.

Description

Cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of optical detection equipment, in particular to a cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence.

Background Art

A cuvette is an instrument used for spectral analysis, which is mainly made of quartz powder.

In the related art, a cuvette detection device includes a housing, a flip cover is provided on the housing, and a detection table for placing the cuvette is provided in the housing. During the detection process, the user opens the flip cover, and then places the cuvette containing the sample into the housing, and then closes the flip cover to detect the sample.

Since the detection device can usually only detect a sample in one cuvette at a time, the detection of each sample requires the user to manually take and place the cuvette, and the taking and placing process takes a relatively long time, resulting in low detection efficiency of the detection device.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the detection efficiency of the detection device, the present application provides a cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence.

The present application provides a cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence, which adopts the following technical solution:

A cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence comprises a shell, on which a detection material strip is slidably fitted, and on which a plurality of detection cavities for placing different cuvettes are opened along its length direction; the shell is also provided with a driving component for driving the detection material strip to slide back and forth between the inside and outside of the shell.

By adopting the above technical solution, before the test, the user places a cuvette containing a sample in each test cavity on the test material strip. During the test, under the action of the driving component, the test material strip containing the cuvette moves into the housing and each cuvette is fed to the test position in sequence. After the test is completed, the user pulls the test material strip out of the housing again through the driving component. By pre-placing multiple cuvettes containing samples before the above test, the time spent on manually taking and placing the cuvettes during the test is saved, thereby improving the test efficiency.

Optionally, the drive assembly includes an installation chamber which is hollow inside and open at the top, one end of the installation chamber is connected to the outer shell and extends into the outer shell, the detection material strip is located in the installation chamber and slidably cooperates with the installation chamber, a first compression spring is supported between the detection material strip and the inner end surface of the installation chamber located outside the outer shell, and a pull wire is also tied to the detection material strip, and the pull wire passes through the end of the installation chamber.

By adopting the above technical solution, during the detection process, the tension acting on the detection material strip through the pull wire gradually decreases, so that the deformation force of the first compression spring can overcome the tension and push the detection material strip to move into the housing. Conversely, after the detection is completed, the tension acting on the detection material strip through the pull wire gradually increases, thereby overcoming the deformation force of the first compression spring, and pulling the detection material strip out of the housing again, so that the user can take the cuvette out of the detection cavity.

Optionally, a distance component for controlling the distance movement of the detection material strip each time is further provided in the shell, the distance component comprising a fixed cylinder arranged in the shell, and a plurality of tooth grooves are evenly opened in the circumference of one end of the fixed cylinder; the distance component also comprises a rotating cylinder rotatably penetrated on the shell, the open end of the rotating cylinder faces the inner cavity of the shell, the pull wire is wound around the rotating cylinder at one end outside the installation room, a sliding column is sliding in the rotating cylinder, a second compression spring is supported between the sliding column and the closed end of the rotating cylinder, and a plug for inserting into the tooth groove is further provided at the end of the sliding column facing away from the second compression spring, and a hand lever is further provided outside the shell, the hand lever slides into the rotating cylinder and is connected to the sliding column.

By adopting the above technical solution, the user manually rotates the hand lever, which drives the slide column to rotate, and the slide column drives the inserting teeth to move from the original tooth groove to the adjacent tooth groove. In this process, the slide column first moves a distance outside the shell, and then moves the same distance back into the shell under the deformation force of the second compression spring. In addition, the slide column also drives the rotating drum to rotate, thereby winding or unwinding the wire.

Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the inner side wall of the rotating drum along the axial direction thereof, and a limiting block which slides in the limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the sliding column.

By adopting the above technical solution, the limit block and the limit groove are slidably matched, which is helpful to reduce the possibility of slipping when the sliding column drives the rotating drum to rotate.

Optionally, one driving assembly is respectively provided on two opposite side walls of the shell, the opening ends of the two installation chambers are close to each other, and the winding directions of the two driving assemblies corresponding to the pull wires on the rotating drum are opposite.

By adopting the above technical solution, two driving components cooperate and act together on a detection material strip, so that when the detection material strip reciprocates back and forth in the two installation chambers, it can drive the colorimetric cell to be fed to the detection position in the shell, further improving the detection efficiency of the detection device.

Optionally, support bars are provided on both inner side walls in the length direction of the installation chamber, and there is a spacing between the support bars and the inner bottom wall of the installation chamber. The bottom of the detection material strip is mounted on the support bars, and an adsorption component for realizing negative pressure adsorption of the cuvette in the detection cavity is provided below the detection material strip.

By adopting the above technical solution, the adsorption component is used to achieve negative pressure adsorption for each cuvette, thereby reducing the possibility of the cuvette tipping over due to the excessively fast movement speed of the detection material strip.

Optionally, an adsorption hole is provided at the bottom of the detection material strip relative to each of the detection cavities, and the adsorption assembly includes a linkage strip arranged below the detection material strip, and a plurality of negative pressure rods are provided on the linkage strip, and one negative pressure rod corresponds to one of the adsorption holes and is plugged into and matched with the negative pressure rod; the adsorption assembly also includes a guide strip arranged on the bottom walls of the two installation chambers, and a guide groove parallel to the installation chamber is provided on the side wall of the guide strip, and forming grooves are provided on the guide strip at positions relative to both ends of the guide groove, and the forming grooves are communicated with the guide grooves and are inclined upward in a direction horizontally away from the guide grooves, and a guide rod is provided on the linkage strip, and a roller is provided on the guide rod and the roller is located in the guide groove.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the test material strip is filled with cuvettes and moves into the shell, the roller moves obliquely downward from the forming groove to the guide groove, and the roller drives all the negative pressure rods to move downward at the same time through the guide rod and the linkage bar. Since the cuvette can completely cover the top of the adsorption hole, negative pressure can gradually form in the negative pressure hole and the adsorption force gradually increases during the downward movement of the negative pressure rod, thereby achieving adsorption of the cuvette. When the roller moves from the guide groove into the forming groove and then continues to move obliquely upward, the roller pushes all the negative pressure rods to move upward at the same time through the guide rod and the linkage bar, and the adsorption force of the adsorption hole on the cuvette gradually decreases until it returns to zero.

Optionally, when the roller is located at the highest point of the forming groove, the top surface of the negative pressure column is flush with the inner bottom wall of the corresponding detection cavity.

By adopting the above technical solution, the user puts the cuvette into the detection cavity, and there is no air in the adsorption hole. Compared with the adsorption hole with air, the maximum adsorption force generated when the negative pressure column moves downward by the same distance is relatively large when there is no air in the adsorption hole, which is conducive to further improving the adsorption effect of the cuvette.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. By presetting multiple cuvettes containing samples before testing, the time spent on manually taking and placing cuvettes during the testing process is saved, thereby improving the testing efficiency;

2. The two driving components cooperate to act on a detection material strip, so that the detection material strip can drive the colorimetric cell to the detection position in the housing during the reciprocating movement in the two installation chambers, further improving the detection efficiency of the detection device;

3. The adsorption component is used to achieve negative pressure adsorption on each cuvette, thereby reducing the possibility of the cuvette tipping over due to the excessively fast movement of the detection material strip.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the excitation monochromator and the emission monochromator in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG3 is an exploded view of the detection material strip, linkage strip, support strip, and installation chamber in the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the assembly relationship between the hand lever, the second compression spring, and the rotating drum in the embodiment of the present application.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the positional relationship between the negative pressure rod and the adsorption hole when the roller is located at the highest point of the forming groove in the embodiment of the present application.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the positional relationship between the negative pressure rod and the adsorption hole when the roller is located in the guide groove in the embodiment of the present application.

Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. housing; 2. excitation monochromator; 3. emission monochromator; 4. detection material strip; 41. detection chamber; 42. adsorption hole; 5. drive assembly; 51. installation chamber; 52. first compression spring; 53. pull wire; 6. distance assembly; 61. fixing cylinder; 610. tooth groove; 62. rotating cylinder; 621. limiting groove; 63. sliding column; 64. second compression spring; 65. inserting gear; 66. hand lever; 7. limiting block; 8. support bar; 9. adsorption assembly; 91. linkage bar; 92. negative pressure rod; 93. guide bar; 931. guide groove; 932. forming groove; 94. guide rod; 95. roller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-6.

The embodiment of the present application discloses a cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence includes a housing 1, an excitation monochromator 2, an emission monochromator 3, and a detector. The function of the excitation monochromator 2 is to separate the light source into monochromatic light through a grating, and to drive the grating to rotate and position to the required wavelength light through a motor; the function of the emission monochromator 3 is to separate the light emitted by the sample into monochromatic light, and to drive the grating to rotate through a motor to transmit the light of a specific wavelength into the detector.

1 and 3 , a detection material strip 4 is horizontally slidably mounted on the outer shell 1 , and a plurality of detection cavities 41 for placing different cuvettes are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the detection material strip 4 along its length direction. The outer shell 1 is also provided with a driving assembly 5 for driving the detection material strip 4 to slide back and forth between the inner and outer sides of the outer shell 1 .

Before the test, the user places a cuvette containing a sample in each test cavity 41 on the test strip 4 outside the housing 1. During the test, under the action of the drive assembly 5, the test strip 4 containing the cuvettes moves into the housing 1 and each cuvette is fed to the test position in sequence.

After the test is finished, the user pulls the test material strip 4 out of the housing 1 again through the driving assembly 5. By pre-setting a plurality of cuvettes containing samples before the test, the time spent on manually taking and placing cuvettes during the test is saved, thereby improving the test efficiency.

1 and 3 , the driving assembly 5 includes an installation chamber 51 which is hollow inside and has an opening at the top. One end of the installation chamber 51 communicates with the housing 1 and extends into the housing 1 . The detection material strip 4 slides in the installation chamber 51 and is parallel thereto.

The driving assembly 5 also includes a first compression spring 52 supported between the detection material strip 4 and the inner end surface of the installation chamber 51 outside the outer shell 1. A pull wire 53 is tied to one end of the detection material strip 4 opposite to the first compression spring 52. The pull wire 53 passes through the first compression spring 52 and comes out from the end of the installation chamber 51.

1 and 3 , during the detection process, the pulling force exerted on the detection material strip 4 by the pull wire 53 gradually decreases, so that the detection material strip 4 moves into the housing 1 under the supporting force of the first compression spring 52 .

On the contrary, after the detection is completed, sufficient pulling force is applied to the detection material strip 4 through the pull wire 53 , so that the detection material strip 4 can be pulled out of the housing 1 .

1 and 3 , when there is only one drive assembly 5 , the testing material strip 4 can only be fed into the cuvette during its movement into the housing 1 , and the reverse movement is only for the user to take out the cuvette.

To this end, the drive assembly 5 is provided with one on each of the two opposite side walls of the housing 1 , and the two installation chambers 51 extend to the opening ends in the housing 1 and are closely attached to each other.

The two driving components 5 cooperate to act on a detection material strip 4 , so that the detection material strip 4 can drive the colorimetric cell to be fed to the detection position in the housing 1 during the reciprocating movement of the detection material strip 4 in the two installation chambers 51 .

1 , 3 and 4 , a distance component 6 for controlling the distance movement of the detection material strip 4 is further provided in the housing 1 . The distance component 6 includes a fixed cylinder 61 fixed in the housing 1 , and a plurality of tooth grooves 610 are evenly formed at one end of the fixed cylinder 61 .

The distance component 6 also includes a rotating drum 62 that is rotatably installed on the outer shell 1, with the open end of the rotating drum 62 facing the inner cavity of the outer shell 1. The end of the pull wire 53 located outside the installation chamber 51 is wound on the rotating drum 62, and the winding directions of the corresponding pull wires 53 of the two driving components 5 on the rotating drum 62 are opposite.

A slide post 63 is placed in the rotating cylinder 62 and slides along the axial direction thereof. A hand lever 66 is provided outside the housing 1 . The hand lever 66 slides into the rotating cylinder 62 and is fixedly connected to the slide post 63 .

A second compression spring 64 is supported between the sliding post 63 and the closed end of the rotating drum 62 , and an inserting tooth 65 for inserting into the tooth groove 610 is further provided at one end of the sliding post 63 facing away from the second compression spring 64 .

1, 3 and 4, during the detection process, the user manually rotates the slide post 63, and the slide post 63 drives the inserting tooth 65 to move from the original tooth groove 610 to the adjacent tooth groove 610. During this process, the slide post 63 first moves a distance outside the housing 1, and then, under the deformation force of the second compression spring 64, moves the same distance back into the housing 1.

Since the two pull wires 53 are wound in opposite directions on the rotating drum 62, when the sliding column 63 drives the rotating drum 62 to rotate, one of the pull wires 53 is unwound, and the corresponding first compression spring 52 recovers its deformation; the other pull wire 53 is reeled in, and the corresponding first compression spring 52 is compressed and deformed, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the detection material strip 4 between the two installation chambers 51.

The user rotates the inserting teeth 65 through the same number of tooth grooves 610 each time, so that the moving distance of the detection material strip 4 each time is equal to the distance between the center lines of two adjacent detection cavities 41 .

When the sample in any cuvette is in the process of detection, the detection material strip 4 needs to remain stationary. To this end, it is necessary to ensure that the supporting force of the second compression spring 64 on the slide post 63 is large enough, so that when the slide post 63 is not affected by human power, the deformation force of only the two first compression springs 52 is insufficient to push the detection material strip 4 to move.

Only when human power acts on the sliding column 63 , the human power cooperates with the deformation force of the two first compression springs 52 to overcome the deformation force of the second compression spring 64 to drive the detection material strip 4 to move.

4 , a limiting groove 621 is formed on the inner wall of the rotating drum 62 along the axial direction thereof, and a limiting block 7 which slides in the limiting groove 621 is integrally formed on the outer wall of the sliding column 63 .

The limiting block 7 is slidably matched with the limiting groove 621, which helps to reduce the possibility of slipping when the sliding column 63 drives the rotating drum 62 to rotate.

3 and 4 , when the user rotates the hand lever 66 at a faster speed, the corresponding moving speed of the detection material strip 4 is faster, which may cause the cuvette to tip over.

4, 5 and 6, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, support bars 8 are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls in the length direction of the installation chamber 51, one end face of the support bar 8 is coplanar with the opening end of the installation chamber 51, and there is a distance between the support bar 8 and the inner bottom wall of the installation chamber 51. The bottom of the detection material strip 4 is mounted on the support bar 8, and an adsorption component 9 is provided below the detection material strip 4 for realizing negative pressure adsorption of the cuvette in the detection cavity 41.

The function of the adsorption assembly 9 is to realize negative pressure adsorption on each cuvette, thereby reducing the possibility of the cuvette tipping over due to the excessively fast moving speed of the detection material strip 4 .

4 , 5 and 6 , an adsorption hole 42 is vertically opened at the bottom of the detection material strip 4 relative to each detection cavity 41 , and the adsorption assembly 9 includes a linkage bar 91 located below the detection material strip 4 and between the two support bars 8 , and the linkage bar 91 is horizontally arranged and parallel to the detection material strip 4 .

The upper surface of the linkage bar 91 is evenly and fixedly connected with a plurality of vertically arranged negative pressure rods 92 along its length direction. One negative pressure rod 92 corresponds to one adsorption hole 42 and is plugged and matched therewith.

A sealing ring may be provided between the negative pressure rod 92 and the adsorption hole 42 , so as to improve the sealing performance between the negative pressure rod 92 and the adsorption hole 42 through the sealing ring, which is beneficial to improving the formation effect of the negative pressure in the adsorption hole 42 .

4, 5 and 6, the adsorption assembly 9 further includes a guide bar 93 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the two installation chambers 51, and the guide bar 93 and the detection material strip 4. Both sides of the guide bar 93 in the length direction are provided with guide grooves 931 parallel to the guide bar 93, and the guide bar 93 is provided with molding grooves 932 at positions opposite to the two ends of the guide groove 931, and the molding grooves 932 are communicated with the guide grooves 931 and are arranged to be inclined upward along the direction away from the guide grooves 931 horizontally.

Vertically arranged guide rods 94 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the linkage bar 91 near both sides of the length thereof. A roller 95 is arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod 94 and is located in the guide groove 931 .

When the detection material strip 4 is filled with cuvettes and moves into the housing 1 , the roller 95 moves obliquely downward from the forming groove 932 to the guide groove 931 , and the roller 95 drives all the negative pressure rods 92 to move downward simultaneously through the guide rod 94 and the linkage bar 91 .

Since the cuvette can completely cover the top of the adsorption hole 42 , during the downward movement of the negative pressure rod 92 , negative pressure can be gradually formed in the negative pressure hole and the adsorption force is gradually increased, thereby achieving adsorption of the cuvette.

When the roller 95 is completely moved from the forming groove 932 into the guide groove 931, the adsorption force of the adsorption hole 42 on the colorimetric cell reaches the maximum. Thereafter, during the movement of the roller 95 in the guide groove 931, the adsorption force of the negative pressure hole on the colorimetric cell remains constant.

When the roller 95 moves from the guide groove 931 into the forming groove 932 and then continues to move obliquely upward, the roller 95 pushes all the negative pressure rods 92 to move upward at the same time through the guide rod 94 and the linkage bar 91, and the adsorption force of the adsorption hole 42 on the colorimetric dish gradually decreases until it returns to zero.

4 , 5 and 6 , when the roller 95 is located at the highest point of the molding groove 932 , the top surface of the negative pressure column is flush with the inner bottom wall of the corresponding detection cavity 41 , so that there is no air in the adsorption hole 42 .

Compared with the case where there is air in the adsorption hole 42 , when the negative pressure column moves downward by the same distance, the maximum adsorption force generated when there is no air in the adsorption hole 42 is relatively large, which is beneficial to further improve the adsorption effect of the contrast colorimetric dish.

The implementation principle of the cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

The user puts multiple cuvettes containing samples into each detection cavity 41, and then manually rotates the hand lever 66 according to the position of the detection material strip 4, and the slide column 63 drives the inserting teeth 65 to rotate through a certain number of tooth grooves 610. In addition, the slide column 63 also drives the rotating drum 62 to rotate, one of the pull wires 53 is unwound, and the corresponding first compression spring 52 recovers its deformation; the other pull wire 53 is rewound, and the pull wire 53 pulls the detection material strip 4 to slide on the support bar 8, and the corresponding first compression spring 52 is compressed and deformed.

During this process, the roller 95 moves obliquely downward from the forming groove 932 to the guide groove 931, and the roller 95 drives all the negative pressure rods 92 to move downward at the same time through the guide rod 94 and the linkage bar 91. Since the cuvette can completely cover the top of the adsorption hole 42, during the downward movement of the negative pressure rod 92, negative pressure can be gradually formed in the negative pressure hole and the adsorption force gradually increases, thereby achieving adsorption of the cuvette.

The user rotates the hand lever 66 by the same angle each time, so that the detection material strip 4 drives each cuvette to be fed to the detection position in the housing 1 in sequence.

When the roller 95 moves from the guide groove 931 into the forming groove 932 and then continues to move obliquely upward, the roller 95 pushes all the negative pressure rods 92 to move upward at the same time through the guide rod 94 and the linkage bar 91, and the adsorption force of the adsorption hole 42 on the colorimetric dish gradually decreases until it returns to zero.

During this process, the test strip 4 is moved from the original installation chamber 51 to another installation chamber 51 located outside the housing 1, after which the user can remove the tested cuvette from the test chamber 41 and replace it with the cuvette containing the sample.

The user rotates the hand lever 66 in the reverse direction, so that the detection material strip 4 can drive the colorimetric cells that are subsequently re-inserted to be fed to the detection position in sequence for detection during the reverse movement of the detection material strip 4 .

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: a detection material strip (4) is slidably fitted on the housing (1), a plurality of detection cavities (41) for placing different cuvettes are provided on the detection material strip (4) along its length direction, and a driving component (5) for driving the detection material strip (4) to slide back and forth between the inside and outside of the housing (1) is also provided on the housing (1); The driving assembly (5) comprises an installation chamber (51) which is hollow inside and open at the top, one end of the installation chamber (51) is in communication with the outer shell (1) and extends into the inner shell (1), the detection material strip (4) is located in the installation chamber (51) and is slidably matched with the installation chamber (51), a first compression spring (52) is supported between the detection material strip (4) and the inner end surface of the installation chamber (51) located outside the outer shell (1), and a pull wire (53) is also attached to the detection material strip (4), and the pull wire (53) passes through the end of the installation chamber (51); The housing (1) is also provided with a distance component (6) for controlling the distance movement of the detection material strip (4) each time, the distance component (6) comprises a fixed cylinder (61) arranged in the housing (1), one end of the fixed cylinder (61) is evenly provided with a plurality of tooth grooves (610) in the circumferential direction; the distance component (6) also comprises a rotating cylinder (62) rotatably inserted into the housing (1), the open end of the rotating cylinder (62) faces the inner cavity of the housing (1), and the pull wire (53) is located in the installation chamber (5 1) is wound around the rotating drum (62), a sliding column (63) is slidably disposed in the rotating drum (62), a second compression spring (64) is supported between the sliding column (63) and the closed end of the rotating drum (62), an end of the sliding column (63) facing away from the second compression spring (64) is also provided with a tooth (65) for inserting into the tooth groove (610), and a hand lever (66) is also provided outside the housing (1), the hand lever (66) is slidably penetrated into the rotating drum (62) and connected to the sliding column (63). 2. According to claim 1, the cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence is characterized in that a limiting groove (621) is opened on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (62) along its axial direction, and a limiting block (7) is provided on the outer wall of the sliding column (63) to slide in the limiting groove (621). 3. According to claim 2, the cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence is characterized in that: the driving components (5) are respectively provided one on the two opposite side walls of the shell (1), the opening ends of the two installation chambers (51) are close to each other, and the winding directions of the two driving components (5) corresponding to the pull wires (53) on the rotating drum (62) are opposite. 4. The cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence according to claim 3 is characterized in that: support bars (8) are provided on both inner side walls in the length direction of the installation chamber (51), and there is a distance between the support bar (8) and the inner bottom wall of the installation chamber (51), and the bottom of the detection material strip (4) is mounted on the support bar (8), and an adsorption component (9) for realizing negative pressure adsorption of the cuvette in the detection cavity (41) is provided below the detection material strip (4). 5. The cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence according to claim 4 is characterized in that: an adsorption hole (42) is opened at the bottom of the detection material strip (4) relative to each detection cavity (41), and the adsorption component (9) includes a linkage bar (91) arranged below the detection material strip (4), and a plurality of negative pressure rods (92) are arranged on the linkage bar (91), and one negative pressure rod (92) corresponds to one adsorption hole (42) and is plugged and matched therewith; the adsorption component (9) also includes a guide arranged on the inner bottom wall of the two installation chambers (51) A guide bar (93) is provided on the side wall of the guide bar (93), the guide groove (931) being parallel to the installation chamber (51), the guide bar (93) is provided with forming grooves (932) at positions opposite to both ends of the guide groove (931), the forming grooves (932) are communicated with the guide groove (931) and are arranged to be inclined upward in a direction away from the guide groove (931) horizontally, the linkage bar (91) is provided with a guide rod (94), the guide rod (94) is provided with a roller (95), and the roller (95) is located in the guide groove (931). 6. The cuvette detection device with dual functions of light absorption and fluorescence according to claim 5 is characterized in that when the roller (95) is located at the highest point of the molding groove (932), the top surface of the negative pressure rod (92) is flush with the inner bottom wall of the corresponding detection cavity (41).