CN114988711A - Forming method for assisting glass patterning through preset stress - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress, and relates to the technical field of glass processing. The present invention adopts the presetting stress-assisted glass patterning forming method, which comprises the following steps: melting the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned; cooling the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, thereby making the surface layer of the glass to be patterned The prestressed area is generated; the glass plate is etched in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution to form the desired pattern. In the present invention, surface undulations and internal stress are generated in the area to be patterned on the surface layer of the glass, and then the hydrofluoric acid etching solution is used for etching. The required pattern is obtained, the pattern effect is good, the forming method is simple in process and low in technical requirements, and the problems of the existing glass pattern forming method of complex process and poor effect of the formed lines or patterns are solved.

Description

A molding method for glass patterning assisted by preset stress

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of glass processing, in particular to a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress.

Background technique

With the development of industry, the micromachining of transparent hard and brittle materials represented by glass is becoming more and more important. Among them, the patterning method of glass surface is a difficult point in processing technology and manufacturing. At present, the desired pattern is formed on the glass surface. Or pattern, usually using mechanical engraving method, mold imprinting method or ordinary etching method, using mechanical engraving method and mold imprinting method to form the required texture or pattern on the glass surface, which has requirements on the thickness of the glass itself, and The preparation process is complicated, which easily leads to rough textures or patterns, poor appearance, and low production efficiency; during the etching process using ordinary etching methods, the etching solution is easily diffused to the area that does not need to be patterned. The texture or pattern is difficult to achieve the expected effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems raised by the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress, by generating surface undulations and internal stress in the area to be patterned on the surface layer of the glass, and then using hydrofluoric acid to corrode The solution is etched, and the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion due to surface fluctuations and internal stress, so that the desired pattern is formed on the surface of the glass, and the required pattern can be accurately obtained. The process is simple and the technical requirements are low, and it can be applied to any thickness of glass, which solves the problems of complicated process and poor effect of the formed lines or patterns in the existing glass patterning method.

For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress, comprising the following steps:

(1) melting the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

(2) cooling the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, thereby generating prestress in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

(3) The glass plate is etched in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution to form a desired pattern.

Further, the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: the side of the glass to be patterned is irradiated with laser light, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The other side of the glass is heated, and the heating temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the glass;

The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: stop the laser irradiation, put the side of the glass plate to be patterned into a cooling medium for cooling, and re-solidify the molten glass while maintaining the heating of the other side, so that the glass plate is cooled. The area of the surface layer to be patterned is prestressed.

Further, the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: the side of the glass to be patterned is irradiated with a laser, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted;

The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: put the other side of the glass into a cooling medium for cooling; stop the laser irradiation, and after the molten glass is re-solidified, the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is prestressed.

Further, the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: press the mold with protrusions on the side of the glass to be patterned, the temperature of the mold is greater than the softening temperature of the glass, the position of the mold protrusions and the glass to be patterned. The area corresponds to melt the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: after removing the mold, the glass is immersed in a cooling medium, the molten glass is re-solidified, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is prestressed.

Further, the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: placing the glass in water with a pressure of 0.1-30MPa, irradiating the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned with laser light, the laser light penetrates the water and the surface layer of the glass to be patterned melted area;

The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: the melted glass is re-solidified after being cooled in water, and prestress is generated in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned.

Further, the wavelength of the laser light is 1-20 μm.

Further, the properties of the glass and the properties of the laser satisfy the following formula:

In the above formula, p is the laser pulse power, v is the laser scanning speed, d is the diameter of the laser spot, δ is the thickness of the glass softening layer, ρ is the glass density, c is the specific heat capacity of the glass, ΔT is the temperature difference between the glass transition temperature and room temperature, η is the absorbance of the glass to the laser light, β is the heating efficiency of heat dissipation, and β is 0.9.

Further, the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: the side of the glass to be patterned is irradiated with laser light, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The far-infrared heating method heats the other side of the glass, and the heating temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the glass:

Further, the cooling medium is any one of an aqueous solution, an ice-salt-water mixed solution and liquid nitrogen.

The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the technology melts the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned, and then cools the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned produces prestress and stress. Surface undulations. Due to the undulations on the surface of the glass to be patterned, the roughness of the glass surface is not uniform and cannot be as smooth as the original. When in the etching solution, the area of the glass with internal stress will corrode faster than the area without internal stress, resulting in uneven corrosion rate on the glass surface, non-uniform corrosion of the glass, and formation of the desired pattern on the surface of the glass. Technical Solution The glass patterned molding method can accurately obtain the desired pattern, and the pattern effect is good. The entire glass patterned molding method has a simple process and can be applied to any thickness of glass. At the same time, the entire molding method has low technical requirements. , which solves the problems of complicated process and poor effect of the formed lines or patterns in the existing glass patterning method.

Description of drawings

1 is a process flow diagram of a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in Example 1;

2 is a process flow diagram of a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in Example 2;

3 is a process flow diagram of a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in Example 3;

4 is a process flow diagram of a molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in Example 4;

Among them, unprocessed glass 1, laser irradiation 2, far-infrared heating 3, liquid nitrogen 4, glass 5 processed in Example 1, glass 6 processed in Example 2, mold 7, glass 8 deformed under pressure, Example 3 processed glass 9, high pressure water container 10, processed glass 11 in Example 4.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress, comprising the following steps:

(1) melting the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

(2) cooling the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, thereby generating prestress in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

(3) The glass plate is etched in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution to form a desired pattern.

At present, the desired lines or patterns are formed on the glass surface, usually by mechanical engraving, mold imprinting or ordinary etching methods. The pattern requires the thickness of the glass itself, and the preparation process is complicated, which easily leads to rough lines or patterns, poor appearance, and low production efficiency; the etching solution is easy to diffuse during the etching process using ordinary etching methods. To the area that does not need to be patterned, it is difficult for the formed lines or patterns to achieve the desired effect.

This technology melts the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned, and then cools the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, so that prestress and surface undulations are generated in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned. The surface of the patterned area has undulations, which makes the roughness of the glass surface uneven and cannot be as smooth as the original. At the same time, because the area to be patterned has internal stress, when the glass is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution, the glass has internal stress. The stress area will corrode faster than the area without internal stress, resulting in uneven corrosion rate on the glass surface, non-uniform corrosion of the glass, and formation of a desired pattern on the surface of the glass. This technical solution generates undulations and internal stress in the area of the glass to be patterned, and then the glass obtained in step (1) is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution, and the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion, thereby forming the desired surface on the glass surface. Pattern, the preparation can accurately obtain the desired pattern, and the pattern effect is good. The whole process of the glass patterning molding method is simple, and can be applied to any thickness of glass. At the same time, the entire molding method has low technical requirements, which solves the problem of existing The glass pattern forming method has the problems of complicated process and poor effect of the formed lines or patterns.

Further description, the operation method of step (1) is as follows: laser irradiation is performed on the side of the glass to be patterned, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The other side of the glass is heated, and the heating temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the glass;

The operation method of step (2) is as follows: stop the laser irradiation, put the side of the glass plate to be patterned into a cooling medium for cooling, and re-solidify the molten glass while maintaining the heating of the other side, so that the surface layer of the glass is cooled. The area to be patterned is prestressed.

Specifically, in this technical solution, a local laser is first set on the side of the glass to be patterned, so that the surface layer of the glass is melted in the area to be patterned, and then the other side of the glass is heated as a whole, and controlled The heating temperature is always lower than the softening temperature of the glass, stop the laser irradiation of the side to be patterned, put the side of the glass to be patterned into the cooling medium for immersion cooling, and keep the heating of the other side, so that the two sides of the glass are cooled. A temperature difference is formed on the side, under this condition, the glass in the molten state of the surface layer is re-solidified, surface undulations are generated in the patterned area on the glass, and a preset internal stress is generated, and then the glass is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution. Fluctuations and residual stress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form the desired pattern.

The principle of generating surface undulations and generating preset internal stress of the glass of this technical solution is as follows: when the glass after being heated and melted by the laser is cooled, a temperature difference between the two sides is formed with the other side of the glass that is being heated again, and the thermal expansion According to the principle of cold shrinkage, the glass on the heating side expands and the glass on the cooling side shrinks, and the internal microstructure of the glass changes to form internal stress. At the same time, the cooled glass cannot be as smooth as the original, and the surface roughness is uneven, which is surface undulation.

Specifically, in this technical solution, the temperature of the cooling medium only needs to meet the cooling requirements, but the cooling medium at room temperature or sometimes the cooling medium is lower than the normal temperature, and the cooling medium at normal temperature helps to generate greater internal stress.

Further description, the operation method of step (1) is as follows: laser irradiation is performed on the side of the glass to be patterned, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted;

The operation method of step (2) is as follows: put the other side of the glass into a cooling medium for cooling; stop the laser irradiation, after the molten glass is re-solidified, prestress is generated in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned.

Specifically, in this technical solution, a localized laser is first set on the side of the glass to be patterned, so that the surface glass is melted in the area to be patterned, and the other side of the glass is put into the cooling medium Under this condition, a temperature difference is formed with the side to be patterned in the laser irradiation, the laser irradiation on the side to be patterned is stopped, the glass in the molten state of the surface layer is naturally solidified, and a surface is generated at the position of the glass to be patterned. The glass is undulated and a preset stress is generated. Finally, the glass is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution. Due to the surface undulation and residual stress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form the desired pattern.

The principle of generating the preset internal stress of the glass of this technical solution is as follows: according to the principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction, the temperature of the side of the glass in the cooling medium is lower than the normal temperature, and gradually shrinks, while the side of the glass to be patterned naturally shrinks after melting. During the solidification process, the glass gradually recovers from the expanded state. During this juxtaposition process, the internal surrounding structure of the glass changes, resulting in internal stress.

Specifically, the cooling medium in this technical solution is a cooling medium with a lower temperature than normal.

Further description, the operation method of step (1) is as follows: press the mold with protrusions on the side of the glass to be patterned, the temperature of the mold is greater than the softening temperature of the glass, the position of the mold protrusions and the area of the glass to be patterned Correspondingly, the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted;

The operation method of step (2) is as follows: after removing the mold, the glass is immersed in a cooling medium, the molten glass is re-solidified, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is prestressed.

Specifically, in this technical solution, a high-temperature and convex mold is first used to press the side of the glass to be patterned, and the convex position of the mold corresponds to the area of the glass to be patterned to control the mold The temperature is 10~150℃ above the glass transition point temperature, and the mold exerts a pressure of 0.1~30MPa on the glass. Under the dual action of high temperature and pressure, the position of the glass surface to be patterned melts and sags, and the high temperature mold is removed. Immediately immerse the glass in the cooling medium to solidify the molten glass, and finally make the glass produce surface undulations and surface preset stress, and finally place the glass in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution. Due to surface undulations and residual stress, the glass is non-uniform. etched to form the desired pattern.

The principle of generating the preset internal stress in the glass of this technical solution is as follows: when the melting position of the glass concave is cooled, the degree of expansion and contraction is very different from that of the unmelted position, so after the cooling is completed, the external shrinkage is larger than the internal structure, and the internal structure of the surface glass is changes, resulting in internal stress.

Further description, the operation method of step (1) is as follows: the glass is placed in water with a pressure of 0.1-30 MPa, laser irradiation is performed on the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned, the laser light penetrates the water and the surface layer of the glass to be patterned area to be melted;

The operation method of step (2) is as follows: the melted glass is re-solidified after cooling in water, and prestress is generated in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned.

Specifically, in this technical solution, the glass is placed in a high water pressure environment with a pressure of 0.1-30 MPa, and the side of the glass plate to be patterned is partially irradiated with laser light, and the laser light penetrates the water and melts the surface layer of the glass, The irradiated area is instantly melted and then immediately cooled in water (the temperature of the water is -20 to 50°C), resulting in surface undulation and surface pre-stress, and the surface of the treated glass has microscopic undulations. Under high water pressure environment, Due to the uneven thickness of the glass and the difference in microscopic pressure, the position of the glass surface to be patterned is different from other positions, which is conducive to the subsequent targeted corrosion. In the subsequent corrosion process, the position with strong internal stress will be preferentially corroded , the corrosion rate will be faster than other positions, resulting in targeted; after the glass is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution, due to surface fluctuations and residual stress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form the desired pattern.

The principle of generating the preset internal stress in the glass of this technical solution is as follows: since the ratio in this solution is in a high water pressure environment of 0.1-30 MPa, when the surface layer of the glass is melted by the laser, the high water pressure environment causes resistance inside the glass, and the laser is removed. When the glass cools, because the external shrinkage is larger than the internal, the resistance is increased, which is the internal stress.

It is worth noting that, in the above technical solution, in order to prevent excessive loss of laser energy and improve process efficiency, the side of the glass to be patterned should be as close to the water surface as possible.

For further explanation, the wavelength of the laser light is 1-20 μm.

It is worth noting that this technical solution controls the wavelength of the laser within 1 to 20 μm, which is conducive to laser melting of glass. Since glass has a certain transmittance to laser light, it needs to be controlled within this range to melt glass more efficiently. If the wavelength of the laser is less than 1 μm, the surrounding energy loss will be too large. If the wavelength of the laser is greater than 20 μm, the energy of the laser will be low, making it difficult to melt the glass, and it will be difficult to form the desired pattern or texture on the surface of the glass later.

Preferably, the wavelength of the laser in this technical solution is 2.5-5 μm.

To further illustrate, the properties of the glass and the properties of the laser satisfy the following formulas:

In the above formula, p is the laser pulse power, v is the laser scanning speed, d is the diameter of the laser spot, δ is the thickness of the glass softening layer, ρ is the glass density, c is the specific heat capacity of the glass, ΔT is the temperature difference between the glass transition temperature and room temperature, η is the absorbance of the glass to the laser light, β is the heating efficiency of heat dissipation, and β is 0.9.

It is worth noting that, in order to meet the different characteristics of different types of glass, the laser with suitable properties can be selected according to the above formula. For glass with certain characteristics, this formula can help define the properties of the laser to melt the glass. This formula makes this technical solution. more universal.

Specifically, β is the heating efficiency of heat dissipation, and β can take a value of 0.9.

Further description, the operation method of step (1) is as follows: the side of the glass to be patterned is irradiated with laser, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The infrared heating method heats the other side of the glass at a temperature lower than the softening temperature of the glass.

It is worth noting that this technical solution adopts far-infrared heating method to heat the non-patterned side of the glass as a whole, so as to avoid direct contact between the heating device and the glass, and leave space for the glass to expand freely under heat. , so as to generate a preset internal stress on the area to be patterned on the glass.

To further illustrate, the cooling medium is any one of an aqueous solution, an ice-salt-water mixed solution and liquid nitrogen.

The technical solution is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Example 1

The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Laser irradiation is performed on the side to be patterned of the glass (softening temperature is 520°C), the wavelength of the laser is 3.5 μm, and the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, so that the area to be patterned of the glass is melted ; The other side of the glass is heated by far-infrared heating method, and the heating temperature is 300 ℃;

(2) Stop the laser irradiation, cool the side of the glass plate to be patterned with liquid nitrogen, while maintaining the heating of the other side, so that a temperature difference is formed between the two sides of the glass, and the glass in the molten state of the surface layer is re-solidified. The patterned areas create surface relief and prestress.

(3) The glass obtained in step (2) is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution with a concentration of 50%. Due to surface undulation and prestress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form a desired pattern.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress is as follows:

The side of the glass to be patterned is irradiated with laser light, using a laser wavelength of 4.2 μm to melt the area to be patterned on the surface layer of the glass with a softening temperature of 560°C; spray liquid nitrogen on the other side of the glass plate to be patterned, Under this condition, a temperature difference is formed with the side to be patterned in the laser irradiation, the laser irradiation is stopped, the glass in the molten state of the surface layer is naturally solidified, and the surface area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned produces surface undulations and prestress; The glass obtained above is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution with a concentration of 50%. Due to the surface undulation and prestress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form a desired pattern.

Example 3

The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Press the mold with protrusions on the side of the glass to be patterned, the temperature of the mold is 620 ° C, which is greater than the softening temperature of the glass 570 ° C, the position of the mold protrusions corresponds to the area to be patterned on the glass, so that The area of the glass to be patterned melts;

(2) After removing the mold, the glass is immersed in a cooling medium at room temperature to solidify the glass in a molten state, and the area to be patterned of the glass produces surface undulations and prestresses;

(3) The glass obtained in step (2) is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution with a concentration of 55%. Due to surface undulation and prestress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion, and a desired pattern is formed on the surface of the glass.

Example 4

The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress in this embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Put the glass in a high water pressure environment of 2Mpa, and irradiate the side of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned with laser light, using a laser wavelength of 5 μm, the area irradiated by the laser is the area to be patterned, and the laser light penetrates the water and melting the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned;

(2) The molten glass in the laser irradiation area is immediately cooled in water, resulting in surface undulation and prestress;

(3) The glass obtained in step (2) is placed in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution with a concentration of 50%. Due to the surface undulation and prestress, the glass undergoes non-uniform corrosion to form a desired pattern.

Specifically, in Example 1-4, the process flow diagram of the forming method of glass patterning assisted by preset stress is shown in Figure 1-4. The glass patterning forming method of this technical solution is simple and can be obtained on the surface of the glass. form the desired pattern.

The technical principle of the present invention has been described above with reference to the specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, and these methods will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: (1) melting the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned; (2) cooling the molten glass to re-solidify the molten glass, thereby generating prestress in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned; (3) The glass plate is etched in a hydrofluoric acid etching solution to form a desired pattern. 2 . The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress according to claim 1 , wherein the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: laser irradiation is performed on the side of the glass to be patterned, and the laser The irradiated area is the area to be patterned, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; the other side of the glass is heated, and the heating temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the glass; The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: stop the laser irradiation, put the side of the glass plate to be patterned into a cooling medium for cooling, and re-solidify the molten glass while maintaining the heating of the other side, so that the glass plate is cooled. The area of the surface layer to be patterned is prestressed. 3. The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress according to claim 1, wherein the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: laser irradiation is performed on the side of the glass to be patterned, and the laser The irradiated area is the area to be patterned, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: put the other side of the glass into a cooling medium for cooling; stop the laser irradiation, and after the molten glass is re-solidified, the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is prestressed. 4. The molding method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress according to claim 1, wherein the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: pressing a mold with protrusions on a surface of the glass to be patterned On the other hand, the temperature of the mold is greater than the softening temperature of the glass, and the convex position of the mold corresponds to the area of the glass to be patterned, so that the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: after removing the mold, the glass is immersed in a cooling medium, the molten glass is re-solidified, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is prestressed. 5 . The method for forming glass patterning assisted by preset stress according to claim 1 , wherein the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: placing the glass in water with a pressure of 0.1-30 MPa, and compressing the glass. 6 . The area of the surface layer to be patterned is irradiated with laser, and the laser penetrates water and melts the area to be patterned on the surface layer of the glass; The operation method of the step (2) is as follows: the melted glass is re-solidified after being cooled in water, and prestress is generated in the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned. 6 . The method for forming glass patterning by presetting stress according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the wavelength of the laser is 1˜20 μm. 7 . 7. The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress according to claim 6, wherein the properties of the glass and the properties of the laser satisfy the following formula:

In the above formula, p is the laser pulse power, v is the laser scanning speed, d is the diameter of the laser spot, δ is the thickness of the glass softening layer, ρ is the glass density, c is the specific heat capacity of the glass, ΔT is the temperature difference between the glass transition temperature and room temperature, η is the absorbance of the glass to the laser light, and β is the heating efficiency of heat dissipation. 8 . The forming method for assisting glass patterning by preset stress according to claim 2 , wherein the operation method of the step (1) is as follows: laser irradiation is performed on the side of the glass to be patterned, and the laser The irradiated area is the area to be patterned, and the area of the surface layer of the glass to be patterned is melted; the far-infrared heating method is used to heat the other side of the glass, and the heating temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the glass. 9 . The method for forming glass patterning by presetting stress according to claim 2 , wherein the cooling medium is one of an aqueous solution, an ice-salt-water mixed solution and liquid nitrogen. 10 . .

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