CN114986137B - A special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts - Google Patents

Abstract

The special screwing equipment for the aviation equipment nuts comprises a rack, a screwing machine, a screwing motor, a three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism, a hollow support rod and a nut screwing wrench; the frame is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the tightening machine; the screwing motor and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are arranged on the frame; one end of the hollow supporting rod is fixedly connected with the frame, and a nut tightening wrench is connected to the other end of the hollow supporting rod; the hollow support rod and the motor shaft of the screwing motor are coaxially distributed, a force transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow support rod, and the motor shaft of the screwing motor is in transmission connection with the nut screwing wrench through the coaxially connected force transmission shaft; the three-channel flexible cable traction mechanism is in transmission connection with the nut tightening wrench through three flexible cables. The special tightening equipment for the aviation equipment nuts has the characteristics of simple structure and reliable work, can replace a manual mode to complete the nut tightening work, effectively reduces the labor intensity of workers, and can efficiently complete the nut installation tightening work even if the tightening position is in a severe working environment.

Description

A special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation equipment assembly, and in particular relates to a special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts.

Background technique

In the aviation field, many aviation equipment are tightly connected in the circumferential direction through bolts and nuts. At present, the installation and tightening of nuts is mainly done manually. Due to the particularity of aviation equipment, the tightening torque of nuts is usually limited. Strict requirements, and the nut installation and tightening process usually has the requirement of "tightening → loosening → tightening again", which results in very high labor intensity for workers and very low work efficiency.

In addition, the fastening positions of some aviation equipment may exist in harsh working environments such as high temperatures and small spaces. It is difficult for workers to tighten nuts in harsh working environments for a long time, further reducing work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the existing technology, the present invention provides a special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts, which has the characteristics of simple structure and reliable operation. It can replace the manual method to complete the nut tightening work, effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers, even if the tightening position is at Even in harsh working environments, nut installation and tightening operations can be completed efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts, including a frame, a tightening machine, a screwing motor, a three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism, a hollow support rod and a nut tightening wrench; The frame is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the tightening machine; the screwing motor and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are installed on the frame; one end of the hollow support rod is fixedly connected to the frame, and the nut tightening wrench is connected At the other end of the hollow support rod; the hollow support rod is coaxially distributed with the motor shaft of the screwing motor. A power transmission shaft is provided inside the hollow support rod. One end of the power transmission shaft is coaxially fixed with the motor shaft of the screwing motor. The other end of the power transmission shaft is transmission connected with the nut tightening wrench; the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism is transmission connected with the nut tightening wrench through three flexible cables.

The nut tightening wrench includes a housing, a cover, an input gear, an intermediate transmission gear set, an output gear, a nut tightening sleeve, a nut tightening control component and a nut picking control component; the input gear and intermediate transmission gear The set, the output end gear and the nut screwing sleeve are arranged in linear order inside the casing; the cover is fixedly connected to the casing, and the internal space of the casing is sealed by the cover; the gear shaft of the input end gear is connected to the casing. The casing and the cover are rotationally connected through bearings, and one end of the gear shaft of the input gear extends through the cover to the outside of the casing. The motor shaft of the screw motor communicates with the input gear through the transmission shaft inside the hollow support rod. The gear shafts are coaxially connected; the gear shafts of all intermediate transmission gears in the intermediate transmission gear set are rotationally connected to the housing and cover through bearings, and the input end gear meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set for transmission; the output The gear shaft of the end gear, the housing and the cover are all rotationally connected through bearings, and the output end gear meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set for transmission; the nut screwing sleeve is set in the housing through the sleeve limiter, and the nut screwing sleeve The sleeve only has a degree of freedom of rotation under the limit of the sleeve limit piece; the sleeve limit piece is fixedly connected to the shell through the limit piece stopper; in the shell opposite to the nut screwing sleeve There is a sleeve penetration hole; the nut tightening control assembly is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the housing; the nut pick-up control assembly is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the nut tightening control assembly .

A transmission outer ring gear and a ratchet ring gear are respectively provided on the outer surface of the nut screwing sleeve along the axial direction; the nut screwing sleeve where the transmission outer ring gear is located is located inside the housing, and the transmission outer ring gear and the ratchet ring gear are located inside the housing. The output end gear meshes and drives; the nut screwing sleeve where the ratchet ring gear is located is located outside the casing; the inner surface of the nut screwing sleeve located outside the casing is set as a twelve-angle hole, and the twelve-angle hole is It is used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut screwing sleeve is coaxially arranged with the power output shaft of the tightening machine.

The nut tightening control assembly includes a support frame, a left pawl and a right pawl; the support frame is fixedly connected to the housing; the left pawl and the right pawl are mirror-symmetrically arranged inside the support frame; the left pawl The root of the left pawl is hinged with the support frame, and a ratchet is provided on the top of the left pawl. The left pawl uses the ratchet on the top to cooperate with the ratchet gear ring on the nut screwing sleeve; the left pawl and A left pawl return spring is provided between the support frames; the left pawl and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a first flexible cable; the root of the right pawl is hinged with the support frame, and the right pawl is connected to the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism. The top of the pawl is provided with a ratchet, and the right pawl is used in conjunction with the ratchet gear on the nut screwing sleeve through the ratchet on the top; a right pawl return spring is provided between the right pawl and the support frame. ; The right pawl and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a second flexible cable.

The nut pick-up control assembly includes a positioning frame and a nut pressure plate; the positioning frame is fixedly connected to the support frame; the nut pressure plate is arranged inside the positioning frame, and a pressure plate return spring is provided between the nut pressure plate and the support frame; the nut The pressure plate is used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut pressure plate and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a third flexible cable; a device for tightening the first flexible cable and the second flexible cable is also provided outside the housing. and a flexible cable limiting plate for limiting the position of the third flexible cable.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and reliable operation. It can replace the manual method to complete the nut tightening work, effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers, and can be efficient even if the fastening position is in a harsh working environment. Complete the nut installation and tightening work.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the nut tightening wrench of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an exploded view of the nut tightening wrench of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the nut tightening wrench of the present invention (external shielding components such as the shell and cover are not shown);

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the nut screwing sleeve of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the nut screwing sleeve and the left and right pawls of the present invention (initial state);

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the nut screwing sleeve and the left and right pawls of the present invention (high torque tightening state);

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the nut screwing sleeve and the left and right pawls of the present invention (large torque relaxation state);

In the figure, 1—frame, 2—tightening machine, 3—screwing motor, 4—three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism, 5—hollow rod, 6—nut tightening wrench, 7—casing, 8—cover , 9—Input gear, 10—Intermediate transmission gear set, 11—Output gear, 12—Nut tightening sleeve, 13—Nut tightening control component, 14—Nut pickup control component, 15—Sleeve limit piece, 16—limiting piece block, 17—transmission external ring gear, 18—ratchet ring gear, 19—twelve angular holes, 20—support frame, 21—left pawl, 22—right pawl, 23—left pawl Pawl return spring, 24-right pawl return spring, 25-positioning frame, 26-nut pressure plate, 27-pressure plate return spring, 28-first flexible cable, 29-second flexible cable, 30-third flexible cable, 31 —Flexible cable limit plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts includes a frame 1, a tightening machine 2, a screwing motor 3, a three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4, a hollow support rod 5 and a nut tightening wrench 6; The frame 1 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the tightening machine 2; the screwing motor 3 and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 are both installed on the frame 1; one end of the hollow support rod 5 is connected to the frame 1 Fixed connection, the nut tightening wrench 6 is connected to the other end of the hollow strut 5; the hollow strut 5 is coaxially distributed with the motor shaft of the screwing motor 3, and a power transmission shaft is provided inside the hollow strut 5. One end of the force shaft is coaxially connected to the motor shaft of the screwing motor 3, and the other end of the force transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the nut tightening wrench 6; the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 uses three flexible cables and the nut tightening wrench 6 Transmission connection.

The nut tightening wrench 6 includes a housing 7, a cover 8, an input gear 9, an intermediate transmission gear set 10, an output gear 11, a nut tightening sleeve 12, a nut tightening control assembly 13 and a nut picking control assembly 14; The input gear 9, the intermediate transmission gear set 10, the output gear 11 and the nut screw sleeve 12 are sequentially arranged inside the housing 7 along a straight line; the cover 8 is fixedly connected to the housing 7, and the inside of the housing 7 The space is sealed by the cover 8; the gear shaft of the input gear 9 is rotationally connected to the housing 7 and the cover 8 through bearings, and one end of the gear shaft of the input gear 9 extends through the cover 8 to the housing 7 Externally, the motor shaft of the screwing motor 3 is coaxially connected to the gear shaft of the input gear 9 through the power transmission shaft inside the hollow support rod 5; the gear shafts of all intermediate transmission gears in the intermediate transmission gear set 10 The input gear 9 meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set 10 for rotation with the housing 7 and the cover 8 through bearings. The gear shaft of the output gear 11 rotates with the housing 7 and the cover 8 through bearings. connection, the output end gear 11 meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set 10 for transmission; the nut screwing sleeve 12 is set in the housing 7 through the sleeve limiting piece 15, and the nut screwing sleeve 12 is in the sleeve limiting piece 15 It only has the degree of freedom of rotation under the limit; the sleeve limit piece 15 is fixedly connected to the housing 7 through the limit piece stopper 16; there is an opening on the housing 7 facing the nut screwing sleeve 12 There is a sleeve penetration hole; the nut tightening control assembly 13 is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the housing 7; the nut pick-up control assembly 14 is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the nut tightening control assembly 13 on.

A transmission external ring gear 17 and a ratchet gear 18 are respectively provided on the outer surface of the nut screwing sleeve 12 along the axial direction; the nut screwing sleeve 12 where the transmission external ring gear 17 is located is located inside the housing 7 , the transmission outer ring gear 17 meshes with the output end gear 11 for transmission; the nut screwing sleeve 12 where the ratchet ring gear 18 is located is located outside the housing 7; the nut screwing sleeve 12 located outside the housing 7 The inner surface is configured as a twelve-cornered hole 19, which is used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut screwing sleeve 12 is coaxially arranged with the power output shaft of the tightening machine 2.

The nut tightening control assembly 13 includes a support frame 20, a left pawl 21 and a right pawl 22; the support frame 20 is fixedly connected to the housing 7; the left pawl 21 and the right pawl 22 are arranged in mirror symmetry on the support. Inside the frame 20; the root of the left pawl 21 is hingedly connected to the support frame 20, and a ratchet is provided on the top of the left pawl 21. The left pawl 21 screws the nut on the sleeve 12 through the ratchet at the top and the nut. The ratchet gear 18 is used in conjunction; a left pawl return spring 23 is provided between the left pawl 21 and the support frame 20; the left pawl 21 and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 are connected by a first The flexible rope 28 is connected; the root of the right pawl 22 is hingedly connected to the support frame 20, and a ratchet is provided on the top of the right pawl 22. The right pawl 22 is screwed onto the sleeve 12 through the ratchet on the top and the nut. The ratchet gear 18 is used in conjunction; a right pawl return spring 24 is provided between the right pawl 22 and the support frame 20; the right pawl 22 and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 are connected by a third Two flexible ropes 29 are connected.

The nut pick-up control assembly 14 includes a positioning frame 25 and a nut pressure plate 26; the positioning frame 25 is fixedly connected to the support frame 20; the nut pressure plate 26 is arranged inside the positioning frame 25, between the nut pressure plate 26 and the support frame 20 A pressure plate return spring 27 is provided; the nut pressure plate 26 is used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut pressure plate 26 and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 are connected through a third flexible cable 30; in the housing 7 A flexible cable limiting plate 31 is also provided on the outside for limiting the positions of the first flexible cable, the second flexible cable and the third flexible cable.

The one-time use process of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

First, a robotic arm is selected, and the special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts of the present invention is used as the end picker of the robotic arm. Specifically, the tightening machine 2 is used for assembly and connection with the robotic arm.

Within the range covered by the robotic arm, two areas are set up, one as an assembly area for aviation equipment, and the other as a parts area. The nuts to be installed are placed in the parts area.

First, the special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts of the present invention is moved to the parts area through a mechanical arm, so that the nut tightening sleeve 12 inside the nut tightening wrench 6 is located directly above the nut, and then the nut tightening wrench 6 is controlled to drop until the upper half of the nut Part of it accurately enters the twelve-corner hole 19 of the nut screwing sleeve 12.

When the nut enters the twelve-corner hole 19 of the nut screwing sleeve 12, the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is started to pay out the third flexible cable 30. Under the thrust of the pressure plate return spring 27, it will pass through the nut. The pressure plate 26 presses and fixes the nut on the nut tightening wrench 6 .

After the nut is clamped and fixed on the nut tightening wrench 6, the special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts of the present invention is moved to the assembly area through the mechanical arm, so that the nut clamped and fixed on the nut tightening wrench 6 is located at the corresponding position of the aviation equipment. directly above the screw, and then control the nut tightening wrench 6 to drop until the nut accurately falls to the top of the screw.

When the nut falls to the top of the screw, the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is started to take up the third flexible cable 30. The nut pressure plate 26 is pulled away from the nut through the third flexible cable 30, and the pressure plate return spring 27 returns to the compressed state. .

When the nut pressure plate 26 is pulled away from the nut, the screwing motor 3 is started to drive the transmission shaft inside the hollow support rod 5 to rotate, and the input gear 9, the intermediate transmission gear set 10 and the output gear are sequentially driven through the rotating transmission shaft. 11 rotates, and then the rotating output gear 11 drives the meshed transmission outer ring gear 17 to rotate, and finally drives the nut screwing sleeve 12 to rotate, and drives the twelve-angle hole 19 through the rotating nut screwing sleeve 12 The nut rotates to realize the screwing of the nut on the screw. During the nut screwing process, the nut tightening wrench 6 follows the axial direction of the screw under the control of the mechanical arm until the nut is screwed in place.

When the nut is screwed in place on the screw, first start the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 to pay out the first flexible cable 28. Under the thrust of the left pawl return spring 23, the top of the left pawl 21 will be The ratchet meshes with the ratchet ring 18 on the nut screwing sleeve 12, and then starts the tightening machine 2 in the forward direction, and the power output shaft of the tightening machine 2 drives the frame 1 to rotate. Since the frame 1 passes through the hollow support rod 5 is fixedly connected to the housing 7 of the nut tightening wrench 6 as a whole, so the swing motion and synchronization of the frame 1 are converted into the swing motion of the nut tightening wrench 6, and finally the nut is greatly tightened through the swing motion of the nut tightening wrench 6. Torque tighten.

After the nut is tightened with a large torque, according to the process requirements, the nut that was tightened for the first time needs to be loosened and then tightened a second time. Therefore, in order to meet the process requirements, the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is first started, and the first flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is started. The cable 28 is retracted, and the left pawl 21 is pulled away from the ratchet ring 18 through the first flexible cable 28, and the left pawl return spring 23 returns to the compressed state; at the same time, the second flexible cable 29 is paid out, and the left pawl 21 is pulled away from the ratchet ring 18 through the first flexible cable 28. Under the thrust of the pawl return spring 24, the top ratchet of the right pawl 22 will mesh with the ratchet gear 18 on the nut screwing sleeve 12, and then the tightening machine 2 will be started in reverse, and the power output shaft of the tightening machine 2 will The machine frame 1 is driven to rotate, and then the nut tightening wrench 6 is synchronously driven to rotate, and finally the nut is loosened with a large torque through the swinging motion of the nut tightening wrench 6 .

After the nut is loosened with a large torque, and under the process requirements, the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is started to take up the second flexible cable 29 and pull the right pawl 22 away from the ratchet ring through the second flexible cable 29 18. The right pawl return spring 24 returns to the compressed state; at the same time, the first flexible cable 28 is unwound. Under the thrust of the left pawl return spring 23, the top ratchet of the left pawl 21 and the nut are screwed together. The ratchet ring 18 on the barrel 12 engages, and then the tightening machine 2 is started in the forward direction, and the power output shaft of the tightening machine 2 drives the frame 1 to rotate, and then simultaneously drives the nut tightening wrench 6 to rotate, and finally tightens the nut. The swinging motion of the wrench 6 loosens the nut with a large torque, thereby achieving secondary tightening of the nut.

After the nut completes the process requirements of "tightening → loosening → tightening again", the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism 4 is started to take up the first flexible cable 28 and pull the left pawl 21 through the first flexible cable 28 away from the ratchet ring gear 18, the left pawl return spring 23 returns to the compressed state. At this time, both the left pawl 21 and the right pawl 22 are in the initial state of being separated from the ratchet ring gear 18. Afterwards, the nut tightening wrench 6 is controlled to move upward, so that The tightened nut is separated from the twelve-cornered hole 19 of the nut screwing sleeve 12. Finally, the special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts of the present invention is moved to the parts area again through the mechanical arm, and the installation process of the first nut is repeated to complete other subsequent tasks. Installation and tightening of nuts.

The solutions in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or modification that does not depart from the scope of the present invention is included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims (1)

1. A special tightening equipment for aviation equipment nuts, which is characterized by: including a frame, a tightening machine, a screwing motor, a three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism, a hollow support rod and a nut tightening wrench; the connection between the frame and the tightening machine The power output shaft is fixedly connected; the screwing motor and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are installed on the frame; one end of the hollow strut is fixedly connected to the frame, and the nut tightening wrench is connected to the other end of the hollow strut ; The hollow support rod is coaxially distributed with the motor shaft of the screwing motor. A power transmission shaft is provided inside the hollow support rod. One end of the power transmission shaft is coaxially connected to the motor shaft of the screwing motor. The power transmission shaft The other end is drivingly connected to the nut tightening wrench; the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism is drivingly connected to the nut tightening wrench through three flexible cables; The nut tightening wrench includes a housing, a cover, an input gear, an intermediate transmission gear set, an output gear, a nut tightening sleeve, a nut tightening control component and a nut picking control component; the input gear and intermediate transmission gear The set, the output end gear and the nut screwing sleeve are arranged in linear order inside the casing; the cover is fixedly connected to the casing, and the internal space of the casing is sealed by the cover; the gear shaft of the input end gear is connected to the casing. The casing and the cover are rotationally connected through bearings, and one end of the gear shaft of the input gear extends through the cover to the outside of the casing. The motor shaft of the screw motor communicates with the input gear through the transmission shaft inside the hollow support rod. The gear shafts are coaxially connected; the gear shafts of all intermediate transmission gears in the intermediate transmission gear set are rotationally connected to the housing and cover through bearings, and the input end gear meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set for transmission; the output The gear shaft of the end gear, the housing and the cover are all rotationally connected through bearings, and the output end gear meshes with the intermediate transmission gear set for transmission; the nut screwing sleeve is set in the housing through the sleeve limiter, and the nut screwing sleeve The sleeve only has a degree of freedom of rotation under the limit of the sleeve limit piece; the sleeve limit piece is fixedly connected to the shell through the limit piece stopper; in the shell opposite to the nut screwing sleeve There is a sleeve penetration hole; the nut tightening control assembly is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the housing; the nut pick-up control assembly is located outside the sleeve penetration hole and is arranged on the nut tightening control assembly ; A transmission outer ring gear and a ratchet ring gear are respectively provided on the outer surface of the nut screwing sleeve along the axial direction; the nut screwing sleeve where the transmission outer ring gear is located is located inside the housing, and the transmission outer ring gear and the ratchet ring gear are located inside the housing. The output end gear meshes and drives; the nut screwing sleeve where the ratchet ring gear is located is located outside the casing; the inner surface of the nut screwing sleeve located outside the casing is set as a twelve-angle hole, and the twelve-angle hole is Used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut screwing sleeve is coaxially arranged with the power output shaft of the tightening machine; The nut tightening control assembly includes a support frame, a left pawl and a right pawl; the support frame is fixedly connected to the housing; the left pawl and the right pawl are mirror-symmetrically arranged inside the support frame; the left pawl The root of the left pawl is hinged with the support frame, and a ratchet is provided on the top of the left pawl. The left pawl uses the ratchet on the top to cooperate with the ratchet gear ring on the nut screwing sleeve; the left pawl and A left pawl return spring is provided between the support frames; the left pawl and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a first flexible cable; the root of the right pawl is hinged with the support frame, and the right pawl is connected to the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism. The top of the pawl is provided with a ratchet, and the right pawl is used in conjunction with the ratchet gear on the nut screwing sleeve through the ratchet on the top; a right pawl return spring is provided between the right pawl and the support frame. ; The right pawl and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a second flexible cable; The nut pick-up control assembly includes a positioning frame and a nut pressure plate; the positioning frame is fixedly connected to the support frame; the nut pressure plate is arranged inside the positioning frame, and a pressure plate return spring is provided between the nut pressure plate and the support frame; the nut The pressure plate is used in conjunction with the nut to be tightened; the nut pressure plate and the three-channel flexible cable pulling mechanism are connected through a third flexible cable; a device for tightening the first flexible cable and the second flexible cable is also provided outside the housing. and a flexible cable limiting plate for limiting the position of the third flexible cable.