CN114982589A - A kind of corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix and its preparation method, matrix cup and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a probiotic composite matrix in a corn sowing period, a preparation method thereof, a matrix cup and application, and belongs to the technical field of microbial preparations. Comprises cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite; the cow dung straw fermentation mixture comprises cow dung straw fermentation products, a compound microbial preparation in a corn sowing period, plant nutrients and humic acid; the cow dung straw leavening is obtained by fermenting cow dung residues and corn straws by a zymophyte agent; the compound microbial preparation for the corn seeding time comprises bacillus laterosporus C1TB-11, bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and pseudomonas putida C1 GB-15. The probiotic composite matrix for the corn seeding period can improve the ground temperature and the corn germination rate and can improve the growth of the corn seedling period.

Description

A kind of corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix and its preparation method, matrix cup and application

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial preparations, in particular to a corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix and its preparation method, matrix cup and application.

Background technique

Hexi area is the largest corn seed production base and national-level hybrid corn seed production base in the country. The corn seed production base covers an area of about 1 million mu per year, with an annual output of 450 million kilograms of corn seeds, accounting for more than 50% of the country's annual corn seed consumption. . However, there are 11.342 million hectares of unused land such as the Gobi desert in this area, the annual precipitation is less than 80mm, and the evaporation is as high as 2300mm. One of the most severe and water-scarce regions. It has the characteristics of long duration of cold weather in winter, slow rise of ground temperature and dry air. Restricted by the geographical environment, coupled with the traditional corn planting mode of high pesticide and chemical fertilizer application, the corn yield has been affected, and the continuous cropping obstacle is more significant than in other regions.

Soil respiration connects the carbon conversion process between plants, soils and microorganisms, and is crucial to ecosystem carbon cycling. The root system of crops needs a certain proportion and continuous supply of oxygen to maintain its vitality to ensure the basic operation of the physiological functions of the crops and the growth of the aboveground crops. Therefore, the oxygen in the soil is very important. Soil microbial organisms constitute a powerful dynamic resource pool in the ecosystem, and play a very important role in the degradation of plant residues, the formation of humus, and the transformation and circulation of nutrients; soil microorganisms are one of the main factors of continuous cropping obstacles, and their community The structural composition and its changes reflect the quality and soundness of the soil to a certain extent. Raising and maintaining ground temperature to promote early germination of maize seeds, improve soil respiration, increase soil bacterial community diversity, and improve soil organic matter and fertility are the most critical factors for achieving high maize yields in Hexi.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of prebiotic composite matrix in corn sowing period and its preparation method, matrix cup and application. Using the prebiotic composite matrix in corn sowing period provided by the present invention can improve ground temperature and corn germination rate, and can improve the germination rate of corn. Corn seedling growth.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a prebiotic composite matrix in corn sowing period, comprising cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite;

The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite is 100:5-10:5-10;

The cow dung straw fermentation mixture includes cow dung straw fermentation product, composite microbial preparation at the sowing stage of corn, plant nutrients and humic acid;

The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation product, the composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage, the plant nutrients and the humic acid is 100:0.5-1:12.5:10.5;

The cow dung straw fermentation product is obtained by fermenting cow dung residue and corn stalk through a fermenting bacterial agent;

The effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11 in the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17 is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL. The effective viable count of Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the cow dung residue and the corn stover is 80-58:15-20;

The moisture content of the cow dung residue is 60%;

The particle size of the corn stover is 16-25 mm.

Preferably, the mass ratio of N:P:K in the phytonutrient is 3:3:9.

Preferably, the fermentation inoculum includes nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and Burkholderia microorganisms;

The effective viable count ratio of the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and the Burkholderia microorganisms is 1:1;

The total effective viable count in the fermented bacterial agent is greater than 8 billion CFU/g;

The mass percentage content of the fermentation bacterial agent is 0.3%.

The present invention also provides the preparation method of the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

1) fermenting after mixing the corn stalk with cow dung residue and fermentation bacterial agent to obtain cow dung stalk fermentation product;

2) mixing the cow dung straw fermentation product obtained in the step 1) with the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation, phytonutrients and humic acid to obtain a cow dung straw fermentation mixture;

3) Mixing the cow dung straw fermentation mixture in step 2) with the vermiculite and perlite to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage.

Preferably, the fermentation conditions in step 1) include: fermentation time of 10-15d, fermentation temperature of 40-70°C, piling on the 4th and 12th days of fermentation, and automatic aeration every day.

The present invention also provides a prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period. The prebiotic composite matrix for corn sowing period described in the technical solution is added to the matrix cup to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period.

Preferably, the prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage is added to 2/3 of the cup of the prebiotic composite matrix at each corn sowing stage.

The present invention also provides the application of the prebiotic composite matrix cup in the corn sowing period described in the above technical solution in improving the ground temperature and the germination rate of corn.

The invention also provides the application of the prebiotic composite matrix cup at the corn sowing stage described in the above technical solution in improving the growth of corn at the seedling stage.

Advantages of the present invention:

1, the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix of the present invention and the matrix cup thereof can exert the function of oxidative degradation and heat generation of the biological matrix of the microorganism, improve the local ground temperature, alleviate the slow rise of the ground temperature in Hexi area, and the problem of late germination during the corn sowing period;

2. The corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix and the matrix cup of the present invention have the effect of improving the local soil microenvironment, improve the particle size structure composition of the local soil, reduce the soil bulk density, increase soil respiration through the reproductive activity of microorganisms, and improve soil bacteria. Group diversity, increase the proportion of beneficial growth-promoting bacteria, thereby increasing the content of oxygen in the roots of corn, and promoting the slow release of substrate fertilizer efficiency;

3. The prebiotic composite matrix and the matrix cup of the corn sowing period of the present invention have a variety of growth-promoting microbial strains, which can effectively speed up the germination of corn planting and forage seeds, and improve the germination rate of corn seeds;

4. The prebiotic composite matrix and the matrix cup of the corn sowing stage of the present invention can effectively improve the plant height, the fresh weight of the aerial part and the chlorophyll content of the seedling maize and forage maize at the seedling stage;

5. The corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix and the matrix cup of the present invention realize the recycling of agricultural and animal husbandry waste, reduce the pollution of livestock and poultry manure, and also improve the soil fertilizer efficiency, which is more conducive to plant growth;

6. The probiotic composite matrix and the matrix cup of the corn sowing period of the present invention are simple in production process, and are convenient to realize industrialization and popularization.

Detailed ways

The invention provides a prebiotic composite matrix in corn sowing period, comprising cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite;

The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite is 100:5-10:5-10;

The cow dung straw fermentation mixture includes cow dung straw fermentation product, composite microbial preparation at the sowing stage of corn, plant nutrients and humic acid;

The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation product, the composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage, the plant nutrients and the humic acid is 100:0.5-1:12.5:10.5;

The cow dung straw fermentation product is obtained by fermenting cow dung residue and corn stalk through a fermenting bacterial agent;

The effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11 in the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17 is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL. The effective viable count of Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL.

In the present invention, the cow dung straw fermentation product is obtained by fermenting cow dung residue and corn straw through a fermenting bacterial agent.

In the present invention, the mass ratio of the cow dung residue and the corn stover is preferably 80-58:15-20. In the present invention, the moisture content of the cow dung residue is preferably 60%. In the present invention, the cow dung slag is the solid cow dung slag obtained from the solid-liquid separation of the flushing sewage of the large-scale cattle farm, and the solid cow dung slag is naturally aired or dried to remove excess water. At 60%, the cow dung is pulverized to obtain cow dung residue. In the present invention, the particle size of the corn stover is preferably 16-25 mm.

In the present invention, the fermentative microbial inoculant is a composite microbial growth-promoting microbial inoculant developed by the Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, which is composed of microorganisms and biological enzymes. The preparation method and the used microorganisms are prepared by the preparation method disclosed in the cultivation substrate of cow dung basic carrier containing plant growth promoting bacteria. The fermented bacterial agent includes nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and Burkholderia microorganisms; the ratio of the effective viable counts of the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to the Burkholderia microorganisms is 1:1; the total effective bacteria in the fermentation bacterial agent The number of viable bacteria is greater than 8 billion CFU/g; the mass percentage content of the fermentation bacterial agent is 0.3%.

In the present invention, the effective viable count of Bacillus terus C1TB-11 in the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17 is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, the effective viable count of Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL.

In the present invention, the preparation method of the composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage preferably comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of microbial slant seeds: Inoculate Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 in bacterial solid slant medium at 30°C After 48h of constant temperature cultivation, it is the seed slope;

The bacterial solid slant medium is: tryptone 10 g, yeast extract 5 g, sodium chloride 10 g, agar 20 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH to 7.0. Sterilize by autoclaving at 121°C for 20min;

(2) Cultivation of microbial liquid seeds: Inoculate Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C1TB-22 in bacterial liquid culture medium, respectively, at a temperature of After 30 hours of shaking at 30°C and 200r/min rotation speed, it is a liquid seed;

The liquid culture medium is the same as the solid culture medium of bacteria and fungi in step (1), except that agar is not added;

(3) Bacterial liquid expansion culture: inoculate the liquid seed liquids of Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C1TB-22 in a 50L fermenter respectively , the medium is bacterial liquid medium, the inoculum amount is 10%, and the temperature is 30 ° C and the rotation speed is 200 r/min for 30 h, until Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB- 26 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C1TB-22 the number of effective viable bacteria were 4×10 ⁸ CFU/mL;

Described bacterial liquid medium and fungal liquid medium are identical with step (2);

(4) Preparation of microbial inoculum: the microbial inoculum cultured separately in step (3) is mixed uniformly in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage.

In the present invention, the Bacillus laterosporus C1TB-11 was deposited on September 9, 2021 in the Gansu branch of the China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center, with the deposit number: GSICC 32851. The present invention was purchased from Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center.

In the present invention, the Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17 was deposited on September 9, 2021 in the Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center, with the deposit number: GSICC 32852. The present invention was purchased from Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center.

In the present invention, the Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 was deposited on September 9, 2021 in the Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center, with the deposit number: GSICC 30522. The present invention was purchased from Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center.

In the present invention, the Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 was deposited on September 9, 2021 in the Gansu branch of the China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center, with the deposit number: GSICC 31637. The present invention was purchased from Gansu Branch Center of China Industrial Culture Collection and Management Center.

In the present invention, the mass ratio of N:P:K in the phytonutrient is preferably 3:3:9. The present invention does not specifically limit the sources of the phytonutrients and humic acid, and conventional commercial products can be used.

The present invention also provides the preparation method of the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

1) fermenting after mixing the corn stalk with cow dung residue and fermentation bacterial agent to obtain cow dung stalk fermentation product;

2) mixing the cow dung straw fermentation product obtained in the step 1) with the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation, phytonutrients and humic acid to obtain a cow dung straw fermentation mixture;

3) Mixing the cow dung straw fermentation mixture in step 2) with the vermiculite and perlite to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage.

In the present invention, the fermentation conditions preferably include: the fermentation time is 10-15d, the fermentation temperature is 40-70°C, the 4d and 12d of fermentation are turned over, and the automatic aeration is performed every day.

The present invention also provides a prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period. The prebiotic composite matrix for corn sowing period described in the technical solution is added to the matrix cup to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period. In the present invention, the prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage is added to 2/3 of the cup of the prebiotic composite matrix at each corn sowing stage. In the present invention, the matrix cup is preferably a degradable matrix cup. The source of the degradable matrix cup is not particularly limited in the present invention, and conventional commercial products may be used.

In the present invention, the method for using the probiotic composite matrix cup in the corn sowing stage, the preferred steps are as follows:

(1) Lightly press a 1cm deep pit with the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix cup containing the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix, select 2 plump corn seeds and put them in the pit, and cover a layer of corn sowing period probiotic compound matrix The matrix is filled to the small pit;

(2) in the corn planting test area, dig out the pit of the same specification of the prebiotic composite matrix cup during the corn sowing period, put the matrix cup with the corn seed into the pit and bury it and fix it, and finally make the corn plant spacing be 20cm, and the row spacing is 60cm;

(3) The field management of corn cultivated in a probiotic composite matrix cup during the corn sowing period is the same as that of common corn.

The present invention also provides the application of the prebiotic composite matrix cup in the corn sowing period described in the above technical solution in improving the ground temperature and the germination rate of corn.

The invention also provides the application of the prebiotic composite matrix cup at the corn sowing stage described in the above technical solution in improving the growth of corn at the seedling stage.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Preparation of composite microbial preparations at the sowing stage of corn:

(1) Preparation of microbial slant seeds: Inoculate Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 in bacterial solid slant medium at 30°C After 48h incubation at constant temperature, it is the seed slant.

The bacterial solid slant medium is: tryptone 10 g, yeast extract 5 g, sodium chloride 10 g, agar 20 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH to 7.0. Autoclave at 121°C for 20min.

(2) Cultivation of microbial liquid seeds: Inoculate Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C1TB-22 in bacterial liquid culture medium, respectively, at a temperature of After 30 hours of shaking at 30°C and 200r/min rotation speed, the seeds are liquid seeds.

The liquid medium is the same as the solid medium for bacteria and fungi in step (1), except that agar is not added.

(3) Bacteria liquid expansion culture: Inoculate Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and Pseudomonas fluorescens C1TB-22 in a 50L fermenter respectively, and the culture medium is Bacterial liquid medium, the inoculum volume is 10%, the temperature is 30 ° C, the rotation speed is 200 r/min for 30 h, until Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11, Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17, Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 and fluorescent pseudo The number of effective viable bacteria in the bacterial solution of Monospora C1TB-22 was 4×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, respectively.

The bacterial liquid medium and fungal liquid medium are the same as in step (2).

(4) Preparation of microbial inoculum: the microbial inoculum liquids expanded and cultured in step (3) are mixed uniformly in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage.

Preparation of probiotic composite matrix during corn sowing:

(1) the cow dung is naturally aired or dried to remove excess water, and when the cow dung moisture content is 60%, the cow dung is pulverized to obtain cow dung residue;

(2) Be the ratio of cow dung dregs: corn stalk=85:15 by weight, mix cow dung dregs with corn stalks; wherein, the cow dung dregs are the solids after the solid-liquid separation of the flushing sewage of the large-scale cattle farm Cow dung residue; the particle size of corn stalk is 20mm;

(3) after fully mixing corn stalk and cow dung residue, add the compound microbial fermentation inoculant developed by the Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences to carry out fermentation treatment to obtain a fermented mixture of cow dung stalk; Compound microbial preparation, plant nutrients and humic acid are compounded;

The fermentation treatment time was 15 days, and the temperature of the heap was 60 °C. During the composting treatment, the heap was turned on the 4th and 12th days, and automatic aeration was carried out every day;

The compound microbial fermentation bacteria was developed by the Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences. It is a compound microbial growth promoter composed of microorganisms and biological enzymes. The compound microbial growth promoter is according to the patent number CN202010916625.8. The preparation method disclosed in the cow dung basic carrier culture medium of raw bacteria and the microorganisms used are prepared, and the microorganisms are composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria: Burkholderia <1:1, and the number of effective viable bacteria is >8 billion cuf/g; fermentation The added amount of compound microbial inoculum is 0.3%;

The addition amount of the compound microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage is 0.5%;

The ratio of plant nutrients (N:P:K) is 3:3:9, and the material mass percentage of plant nutrients is 12.5%;

The material mass percentage of humic acid is 10.5%, and humic acid is a conventional additive in the fertilizer industry;

(4) adding 5% vermiculite and 5% perlite to the obtained cow dung straw fermentation mixture and stirring evenly to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage.

Example 2

The corn sowing period prebiotic composite matrix prepared in Example 1 is added to the degradable matrix cup to obtain the corn sowing period prebiotic composite matrix cup, and the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix is added to each corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix cup 2/ 3 places.

Test Example 1

The effect of the prebiotic composite matrix cup prepared in Example 2 on the ground temperature in the germination stage of corn

The present invention is respectively tested in the corn seed production base and the forage corn planting base in Hexi area. Gently press a 1cm-deep hole with the corn-planting-period prebiotic composite matrix cup containing the corn-planting-period prebiotic composite matrix, and select 2 plump seeds for seed production and 2 corn seeds for feeding and put them in the pit, cover with a layer of The prebiotic composite matrix is used to fill the small pits during the corn sowing period. Dig pits with the same specifications of the prebiotic composite matrix cups during the corn sowing period in the experimental area of the seed production maize planting base and the experimental area of the fodder maize planting base respectively, and put the matrix cups containing the maize seeds for seed production and the fodder maize seeds into the pits respectively. The middle burial is fixed, and finally the corn plant spacing is 20cm, and the row spacing is 60cm. The field management of corn cultivated in the probiotic composite matrix cup during the corn sowing period is the same as that of ordinary corn. Seed maize was sown on April 19, and fodder corn was sown on April 22. The soil temperature of 0-20 cm was measured with a thermometer during the corn sowing period, and the germination time of the corn was observed and the germination rate was counted.

The results are shown in Table 1. The corn seed production base was sown on April 19. The corn germination time of the probiotic matrix cup group was April 24, and the ground temperature increased by 1.9 °C from the 19th to the 24th; the germination time of the control group was April 24th. On the 27th, the ground temperature increased by 0.3°C from the 19th to the 27th. Feed corn was sown on April 22. The corn in the probiotic matrix cup group germinated on April 28, and the ground temperature increased by 1.1 °C from April 22 to April 28; From April 22 to April 30, the ground temperature increased by -0.1℃. The germination rate of maize in the matrix cup group was above 95%, while that in the control group was 90-95%. It shows that the prebiotic composite matrix cup of the present invention can effectively increase the ground temperature, accelerate the germination of corn seeds, and simultaneously improve the germination rate of corn seeds. CK is blank control.

Table 1 Effects of prebiotic matrix cup on ground temperature and corn germination

Test Example 2

The effect of the prebiotic composite matrix cup at the corn sowing stage on the growth of the corn seedling stage of Example 1

At the seedling stage of maize, the plant height, the fresh weight of the aerial part and the chlorophyll indexes were measured respectively. The results are shown in Table 2. In the maize seed production base, the plant height, aboveground fresh weight and chlorophyll content of maize in the matrix cup group were all the same as those in the control group. In the forage maize planting base, the plant height, aboveground fresh weight and chlorophyll content of maize in the matrix cup group were also the same as those in the control group. It is indicated that the prebiotic composite matrix cup of the present invention can improve the plant height, the fresh weight of the aerial part and the chlorophyll content of the corn in the seedling stage.

Table 2 The effect of prebiotic matrix cup on the growth of maize seedling stage

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a prebiotic composite matrix of corn sowing period, is characterized in that, comprises cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite; The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation mixture, vermiculite and perlite is 100:5-10:5-10; The cow dung straw fermentation mixture includes cow dung straw fermentation product, composite microbial preparation at the sowing stage of corn, plant nutrients and humic acid; The mass ratio of the cow dung straw fermentation product, the composite microbial preparation at the corn sowing stage, the plant nutrients and the humic acid is 100:0.5-1:12.5:10.5; The cow dung straw fermentation product is obtained by fermenting cow dung residue and corn stalk through a fermenting bacterial agent; The effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus lateralis C1TB-11 in the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable bacterial count of Bacillus pumilus C1TB-17 is 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL. The effective viable count of Enterobacter cloacae C1TB-26 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of Pseudomonas putida C1GB-15 was 1×10 ⁸ CFU/mL. 2. corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described cow dung residue and corn stover is 80-58:15-20; The moisture content of the cow dung residue is 60%; The particle size of the corn stover is 16-25 mm. 3. The prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of N:P:K in the phytonutrient is 3:3:9. 4. The corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein the fermented bacterial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and Burkholderia microorganisms; The effective viable count ratio of the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and the Burkholderia microorganisms is 1:1; The total effective viable count in the fermented bacterial agent is greater than 8 billion CFU/g; The mass percentage content of the fermentation bacterial agent is 0.3%. 5. the preparation method of the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1) fermenting after mixing the corn stalk with cow dung residue and fermentation bacterial agent to obtain cow dung stalk fermentation product; 2) mixing the cow dung straw fermentation product obtained in the step 1) with the corn sowing stage composite microbial preparation, phytonutrients and humic acid to obtain a cow dung straw fermentation mixture; 3) Mixing the cow dung straw fermentation mixture in step 2) with the vermiculite and perlite to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix at the corn sowing stage. 6 . The preparation method according to claim 5 , wherein the conditions for fermentation in the step 1) include: the fermentation time is 10-15d, the fermentation temperature is 40-70° C., and the fermentation is carried out on the 4th and 12th day, Automatic aeration is performed every day. 7 . A prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period, characterized in that, the prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period according to any one of claims 1-4 is added to the matrix cup to obtain a prebiotic composite matrix cup for corn sowing period. 8 . The prebiotic composite matrix cup in the corn sowing period according to claim 7 , wherein the prebiotic composite matrix in the corn sowing period is added to 2/3 of the prebiotic composite matrix cup in each corn sowing period. 9 . 9. The application of the corn sowing period probiotic composite matrix cup of claim 7 or 8 in improving ground temperature and corn germination rate. 10. The application of the corn sowing stage probiotic composite matrix cup of claim 7 or 8 in improving the growth of corn seedling stage.