CN114976665A - Broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with stable frequency selective surface radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable loading frequency selective surface radiation, which comprises a top-layer dielectric substrate and a bottom-layer dielectric substrate, wherein an air gap exists between the top-layer dielectric substrate and the bottom-layer dielectric substrate; the radiator structure comprises two orthogonally placed dipole patches, the frequency selection surface comprises nine metal sheets, and the metal sheet in the center of the center is provided with a rectangular groove. Under the condition that the height of the whole antenna is not increased, the frequency selection surface is loaded on the upper surface of the bottom layer dielectric substrate, the gain of a high frequency band can be compensated, and the radiation stability in the frequency band of 1.67 GHz-3.8GHz is realized.

Description

A Broadband Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna with Loaded Frequency Selective Surface Radiation Stabilization

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency communication, and more particularly, to a broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable radiation on a load frequency selective surface.

Background technique

With the rapid development of modern communication technology and the continuous expansion of wireless communication frequency bands, people's requirements for communication quality and equipment portability have also increased accordingly. As an important terminal device in a wireless communication system, the antenna plays an important role in transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves and converting them with radio frequency signals, so it plays a vital role in the communication system. In order to meet the needs of modern communication equipment and people, the main research and development directions of antennas are: miniaturization, multi-band, broadband and other directions. Meanwhile, in order to realize the mass production and application of the antenna, the structure of the antenna should be as simple as possible.

In many fields such as electronic communication, electromagnetic interference and radar detection, the transmission rate, stability and other performance are very important. In order to achieve excellent performance such as high transmission rate, strong stability and wide radiation range, ultra-wideband antennas have been proposed and obtained. in-depth research. At this stage, ultra-wideband antennas have been widely used in many fields. With the continuous development of electronic information technology, people have put forward design requirements for ultra-wideband antennas such as directivity, high gain, and miniaturization. At the same time, in order to solve multi-frequency applications The problem of ultra-wideband multi-frequency antennas has received a lot of attention.

In the context of rapid changes in the era of communication technology, more communication frequency bands have been developed and widely used. Although 5G mobile communication technology has been put into application, the technology in the 2G/3G/4G period will continue to be used for a period of time, so the demand for multi-band broadband antennas has become more intense, requiring one antenna to support two or more frequency band for wireless communication services. The ultra-wideband multi-frequency antenna can solve the above problems and bring about various performance improvements at the same time, and is an important application antenna for improving communication systems.

The dual-polarized dipole is a cross-polarization of ±45°, and a wide radiation frequency band is generated through the coupling resonance of a pair of cross-polarized dipoles. In the fundamental resonance mode, the dipoles are slotted and angle-cut, etc. The operation combines multiple resonance modes, which greatly expands the radiation bandwidth of the antenna and improves the radiation performance of the antenna. However, in the broadened radiation frequency band, the gain of the antenna in the high frequency band has declined, losing its practical application value.

In order to solve the drop of the high frequency gain, the present invention can compensate the gain of the high frequency band by introducing a frequency selective surface in the bottom dielectric substrate, and realize the radiation stability of the whole passband.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to realize broadband wireless communication service and improve communication quality, and at the same time, aiming at the attenuation problem of high frequency gain after widening the bandwidth, it provides application in 2G/3G/4G/5G frequency band, including 2G/3G/4G ( 1.7～2.7GHz) working frequency band and 5G (3.3～3.8GHz) working frequency band are realized by only two layers of dielectric substrate, the structure is simple, and the frequency selection surface is introduced without increasing the height of the antenna without affecting the matching of the antenna. The gain of the high frequency band after widening the bandwidth is compensated, and a broadband dual-polarization dipole antenna with stable radiation on the loading frequency selection surface is realized, which is wide-band, dual-polarized and radiation-stabilized.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stability, comprising: a top dielectric substrate, a bottom dielectric substrate and a coaxial cable, the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate is printed with two ±° orthogonally placed Y-type balun with a radiator structure printed on the lower surface, the radiator structure consists of two ±° orthogonally placed dipole patches, the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna passes through the coaxial cable feeding the radiator structure;

The bottom dielectric substrate is located below the top dielectric substrate, the bottom dielectric substrate is connected to the top dielectric substrate through two coaxial cables, the upper surface of the bottom dielectric substrate is printed with a frequency selective surface, and the bottom surface is printed with a reflective floor.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of baluns described in the present invention is two, which are the first balun in the -45° direction and the second balun in the +45° direction, which are printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate. , and a +45° balun jumper, the first balun and the second balun are Y-shaped orthogonally placed, and the number of the dipole patches is two, which are the first balun in the -45° direction. A dipole and a second dipole in the +45° direction are placed orthogonally to the first dipole and the second dipole.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the coaxial cables in the antenna of the present invention is two, which are the first coaxial cable and the second coaxial cable respectively, and the first coaxial cable and the second coaxial cable The inner conductors are respectively connected to the first balun and the second balun on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate through the top dielectric substrate, the bottom dielectric substrate and the dipole patch, and the coaxial cable (3) carries out the radiator structure. feed.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first coaxial cable of the present invention is connected to the first port of the antenna, the second coaxial cable is connected to the second port of the antenna, and the first port generates - 45° direction linearly polarized wave, the second port generates +45° direction linearly polarized wave when excited.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second balun placed in the +45° direction in the present invention feeds the second dipole in the +45° direction, and the first balun placed in the -45° direction The balun feeds the first dipole in the -45° direction, and the second balun in the +45° direction uses jumper technology to connect to the lower surface of the top dielectric substrate through two shorting metal probes through the top dielectric substrate at the rectangular microstrip line, the first balun in the -45° direction is normal

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radiator structure of the present invention includes two dipole patches with a first dipole and a second dipole placed at an angle of ±45°, the first dipole and the second dipole are perpendicular to each other at ±45°. Both dipoles are composed of two dipole arms, and the first dipole and the second dipole both include two square ring patches of equal shape and size, and the four corners of the square ring patch have triangles Cut the angle, the first dipole and the second dipole cross, and are placed at the +45° and -45° orientations, which are symmetrical about the left and right.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frequency selective surface of the present invention includes nine metal sheets arranged in a 3×3 array. Each metal sheet has the same shape and size, and the center metal sheet has a rectangular slot.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dipole patch of the present invention is composed of a square ring patch, by setting three right-angled sides of the opposite ring patch to cut a triangular cut of the same size, and the other right-angled side to be cut differently Triangular chamfers of the dimensions are used to increase the current path and broaden the bandwidth.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a frequency selective surface is printed on the upper surface of the underlying dielectric substrate of the present invention, which is used to compensate the gain of the high frequency band while maintaining the overall height of the antenna, so as to achieve stable radiation in the entire passband.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a floor is printed on the lower surface of the underlying dielectric substrate of the present invention, and the floor is provided with two ground grooves for passing the first coaxial cable and the first port of the antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable radiation on a loaded frequency selective surface, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. The dipole of the antenna designed by the present invention is composed of a square ring patch. The three right-angled sides of the opposite ring patch are cut into triangular corners of the same size, and the other right-angled side is cut into triangles of different sizes. The current path is widened, thereby broadening the bandwidth.

2. The antenna designed by the present invention adopts a Y-type balun to feed power, and the size of the Y-type balun can be adjusted to further widen the working bandwidth.

3. The antenna designed by the present invention forms a frequency selection surface by printing nine pieces of metal sheets on the upper surface of the underlying dielectric substrate, without increasing the overall height of the antenna and without affecting the matching of the antenna, to achieve constant low-frequency gain, The effect of high-frequency gain compensation makes the antenna radiation stable in the entire working frequency band; the antenna designed by the invention can realize the full-frequency radiation stability in the 1.7GHz-3.8GHz frequency band without increasing the height of the antenna, and the gain in the passband is flat. The half-power lobe width is stable within the passband.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of a top dielectric substrate;

Figure 3 is a bottom view of the top dielectric substrate;

4 is a top view of a fixed-layer dielectric substrate;

5 is a top view of the underlying dielectric substrate;

6 is a simulation result diagram of the S-parameters of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable radiation on the loaded frequency selective surface of the present embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the simulation result diagram of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with the stable radiation of the loading frequency selective surface of the present embodiment changing with frequency;

FIG. 8 is a simulation result diagram of the variation of the HPBW with frequency of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable radiation on the frequency selective surface of the present embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a simulation result diagram of the XOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at a frequency of 2.2 GHz according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a simulation result diagram of the YOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at a frequency of 2.2 GHz according to the present embodiment;

11 is a simulation result diagram of the XOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at a frequency of 2.7 GHz according to the present embodiment;

Fig. 12 is the simulation result diagram of the YOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at the frequency of 2.7 GHz according to the present embodiment;

13 is a simulation result diagram of the XOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at a frequency of 3.6 GHz according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a simulation result diagram of the YOZ plane pattern of the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization at a frequency of 3.6 GHz according to this embodiment.

In the picture: 1, dipole patch; 1a, first dipole; 1b, second dipole; 2, balun; 2a, first balun; 2b, second balun; 2c, balun jumper; 3. coaxial cable; 3a, first coaxial cable; 3b, second coaxial cable; 31, first port; 32, second port; 4, top dielectric substrate; 5, bottom dielectric substrate ; 6, frequency selection surface; 7, floor; 7a, ground groove.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, so as to The specific orientation configuration and operation are therefore not to be construed as limitations of the present invention.

Please refer to FIGS. 1-4 , a broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable radiation loading on a frequency selective surface of the present invention includes a top dielectric substrate 4 , a bottom dielectric substrate 5 and a coaxial cable 3 . The upper surface of the substrate 4 is printed with two ±45° orthogonally placed baluns 2, and the lower surface is printed with a radiator structure consisting of two ±45° orthogonally placed dipole patches 1 , the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna feeds the radiator structure through the coaxial cable 3;

The bottom dielectric substrate 5 is located below the top dielectric substrate 4, the bottom dielectric substrate 5 is connected to the top dielectric substrate 1 through two coaxial cables 3, and the upper surface of the bottom dielectric substrate 5 is printed with a frequency selective surface 6, A reflection floor 7 is printed on the lower surface.

An optional embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the number of the baluns 2 in the present invention is two, which are the first baluns arranged on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate 4 and printed in the direction of -45°. 2a and the second balun 2b in the +45° direction, and the balun jumper 2c in the +45° direction, the first balun 2a and the second balun 2b are in a Y-shaped orthogonal placement, the dipole The number of patches 1 is two, which are the first dipole 1a in the -45° direction and the second dipole 1b in the +45° direction. The first dipole 1a and the second dipole 1b are in the Orthogonal placement.

In the present invention, the shape of the balun 2 is Y-shaped, the number is two, and it is divided into a first balun 2a in the -45° direction and a second balun 2b in the +45° direction; the balun jumper The shape of 2c is Y-shaped; the number of the dipole patches 1 is two, which are divided into a first dipole 1a in the direction of -45° and a second dipole 1b in the direction of +45°, and the two are in the same shape. Orthogonal placement, in which the balun 2 is a kind of balun of the antenna, and the function is mainly used for the function of balance-unbalance conversion.

An optional implementation manner, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , in the present invention, the number of coaxial cables 3 is two, which are a first coaxial cable 3a and a second coaxial cable 3b respectively. The inner conductors of the coaxial cable 3a and the second coaxial cable 3b pass through the top dielectric substrate 4, the bottom dielectric substrate 5 and the dipole patch 1, respectively, and the first balun 2a and the second balun on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate 4. The balun 2b is connected, and the coaxial cable 3 feeds the radiator structure.

An optional implementation manner, as shown in Figures 1-2, in the present invention, the first coaxial cable 3a is connected to the first port 31 of the antenna, and the second coaxial cable 3b is connected to the second port of the antenna 32 is connected, the first port 31 generates linearly polarized waves in the -45° direction when excited, and the second port 32 generates linearly polarized waves in the +45° direction when excited.

Among them, in the present invention, the first port 31 feeds the first dipole 1a in the direction of -45° through the same first coaxial cable 3a, and the second port 32 feeds the +45° direction through the same second coaxial cable 3b The second dipole 1b in the direction of feeding is fed; when the first port 31 is excited, a linearly polarized wave in the -45° direction is generated, and when the second port 32 is excited, a linearly polarized wave in the +45° direction is generated, which makes the radiation of the antenna more stable, Has a good radiation pattern.

An optional implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 2 , in the present invention, the second balun 2b placed in the +45° direction feeds the second dipole 1b in the +45° direction. The first balun 2a in the -45° direction feeds the first dipole 1a in the -45° direction, and the second balun 2b in the +45° direction adopts the jumper technology, which is passed through two short-circuit metal probes. The top dielectric substrate 4 is connected to the rectangular microstrip line on the lower surface of the top dielectric substrate 4, and the first balun 2a in the -45° direction is normally printed.

In an optional implementation manner, as shown in Figures 1-3, the radiator structure in the present invention includes two dipoles, a first dipole 1a and a second dipole 1b placed at right angles to ±45°. Patch 1, the first dipole 1a and the second dipole 1b are both composed of two dipole arms, and the first dipole 1a and the second dipole 1b both include two shapes and sizes Equal square ring patch 9, the four corners of the square ring patch 9 have triangular cut corners 10, the first dipole 1a and the second dipole 1b cross, and at +45° and -45° azimuth The placement is symmetrical about left and right.

An optional implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 1 , the feeding network formed by the Y-type balun 2 and the coaxial cable 3 in the present invention uses two 50Ω impedance coaxial cables 3 to feed the antenna. , the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 3 is directly connected to the two Y-type baluns 2 on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate 4 through the crossed dipole 1 and the top dielectric substrate 4 on the lower surface of the top dielectric substrate 4, and the coaxial cable 3 The outer conductors are respectively directly connected to the dipole arms of the positive x-direction of the two dipole patches 1 on the lower surface of the top dielectric substrate 4 to form a feeding network of the antenna.

An optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the frequency selection surface 6 in the present invention includes nine pieces of metal pieces 8 arranged in a 3×3 array, and each piece of metal piece 8 has the same shape and size. , and the central metal sheet 8 is provided with a rectangular groove 6a.

An optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the dipole patch 1 in the present invention is composed of a square ring patch 9, and a triangle of the same size is cut by setting three right-angled sides of the opposite ring patch 9. The chamfered corner 10 and another right-angled side cut the triangular chamfered corner 10 of different sizes for increasing the current path and broadening the bandwidth.

Wherein, the dual-polarized dipole 1 in the present invention is a cross-polarization of ±45°, and a wide radiation frequency band is generated through the coupling resonance of a pair of cross-dipole patches 1, and in the fundamental resonance mode, the dual-polarization The poles perform operations such as slotting and chamfering to combine multiple resonant modes, which greatly expands the working bandwidth of the antenna.

An optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , in the present invention, the upper surface of the underlying dielectric substrate 5 is printed with a frequency selective surface 6, which is used to compensate the gain of the high frequency band without increasing the overall height of the antenna. The entire passband is radiatively stabilized.

In an optional implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 5 , in the present invention, a floor 7 is printed on the lower surface of the underlying dielectric substrate 5, and the floor 7 is provided with two grooves 7a for the first coaxial cable 3a. Pass through the first port 31 of the antenna.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable loading frequency selection surface radiation is characterized in that: the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna comprises a top-layer dielectric substrate (4), a bottom-layer dielectric substrate (5) and a coaxial cable (3), wherein two +/-45-degree orthogonally-arranged baluns (2) are printed on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric substrate (4), a radiator structure is printed on the lower surface of the top-layer dielectric substrate, the radiator structure is composed of two +/-45-degree orthogonally-arranged dipole patches (1), and the broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna feeds the radiator structure through the coaxial cable (3);

the bottom dielectric substrate (5) is located below the top dielectric substrate (4), the bottom dielectric substrate (5) is connected with the top dielectric substrate (1) through two coaxial cables (3), the upper surface of the bottom dielectric substrate (5) is printed with a frequency selective surface (6), and the lower surface of the bottom dielectric substrate is printed with a reflective floor (7).

2. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the baluns (2) is two, the baluns are respectively a first balun (2a) arranged on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric substrate (4) in a-45-degree direction, a second balun (2b) arranged in a + 45-degree direction and a balun jumper (2c) arranged in a + 45-degree direction, the first balun (2a) and the second balun (2b) are in a Y shape which is orthogonally arranged, the number of the dipole patches (1) is two, the first dipole (1a) is arranged in the-45-degree direction, the second dipole (1b) is arranged in the + 45-degree direction, and the first dipole (1a) and the second dipole (1b) are orthogonally arranged.

3. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna with stable loaded frequency selective surface radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the coaxial cables (3) is two, the coaxial cables are respectively a first coaxial cable (3a) and a second coaxial cable (3b), inner conductors of the first coaxial cable (3a) and the second coaxial cable (3b) penetrate through the top layer dielectric substrate (4), the bottom layer dielectric substrate (5) and the dipole patch (1) and are respectively connected with the first balun (2a) and the second balun (2b) on the upper surface of the top layer dielectric substrate (4), and the coaxial cables (3) feed the radiator structure.

4. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 3, wherein: the first coaxial cable (3a) is connected with a first port (31) of the antenna, the second coaxial cable (3b) is connected with a second port (32) of the antenna, linear polarized waves in a-45-degree direction are generated when the first port (31) is excited, and linear polarized waves in a + 45-degree direction are generated when the second port (32) is excited.

5. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 2, wherein: the second balun (2b) placed in the + 45-degree direction is fed by a second dipole (1b) in the + 45-degree direction, the first balun (2a) placed in the-45-degree direction is fed by a first dipole (1a) in the-45-degree direction, the second balun (2b) in the + 45-degree direction is connected to a rectangular microstrip line on the lower surface of the top dielectric substrate (4) through two short-circuit metal probes by adopting a jumper wire technology, and the first balun (2a) in the-45-degree direction is normally printed.

6. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: the radiator structure comprises two +/-45-degree orthogonally-placed dipole patches (1) of a first dipole (1a) and a second dipole (1b), wherein the first dipole (1a) and the second dipole (1b) are composed of two dipole arms, the first dipole (1a) and the second dipole (1b) respectively comprise two square ring patches (9) with the same shape and size, triangular cut angles (10) are arranged at four corners of each square ring patch (9), the first dipole (1a) is crossed with the second dipole (1b), and the first dipole (1a) and the second dipole (1b) are placed in + 45-degree positions and are symmetrical left and right.

7. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: the frequency selection surface (6) comprises nine metal sheets (8) which are arranged in a 3 x 3 array, the shape and the size of each metal sheet (8) are the same, and a rectangular groove (6a) is formed in the center metal sheet (8).

8. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: the dipole patch (1) is composed of square ring patches (9), and is used for increasing a current path and widening bandwidth by arranging three right-angle edges of each square ring patch (9) to cut triangular chamfers (10) with the same size and another right-angle edge to cut triangular chamfers (10) with different sizes.

9. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: and the upper surface of the bottom layer dielectric substrate (5) is printed with a frequency selection surface (6) for compensating the gain of a high frequency band on the premise of keeping the integral height of the antenna and realizing the radiation stability of the whole passband.

10. The broadband dual-polarized dipole antenna loaded with frequency selective surface radiation stabilization according to claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the bottom layer medium substrate (5) is printed with a floor (7), and the floor (7) is provided with two ground grooves (7a) for the first coaxial cable (3a) and the first port (31) of the antenna to penetrate through.

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