CN114961568B - A multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool - Google Patents
A multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961568B CN114961568B CN202111014461.0A CN202111014461A CN114961568B CN 114961568 B CN114961568 B CN 114961568B CN 202111014461 A CN202111014461 A CN 202111014461A CN 114961568 B CN114961568 B CN 114961568B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及石油、天然气钻井设备领域，尤其涉及一种多向振荡冲击螺杆钻具，包括从上至下依次连接设置的旁通阀总成、扭转振荡总成、马达总成、传动轴总成和轴向振荡总成，所述旁通阀总成用于开启或阻断钻井液进入扭转振荡总成；所述扭转振荡总成用于周期性改变进入到马达总成的钻井液的流量；所述马达总成用于将钻井液的液压动力转换为驱动传动轴总成绕其中心轴旋转的机械能；所述传动轴总成用于带动轴向振荡总成轴向转动，所述轴向振荡总成的底端连接钻头用于将钻井液的流体能量转换成对钻头的轴向冲击力。本发明的有益效果是：能同时产生较大的旋转切削扭矩、轴向振荡冲击和扭转振荡载荷，辅助破岩，缓解钻柱的“托压”现象。
The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling equipment, and in particular to a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drill, comprising a bypass valve assembly, a torsional oscillation assembly, a motor assembly, a transmission shaft assembly and an axial oscillation assembly which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the bypass valve assembly is used to open or block the drilling fluid from entering the torsional oscillation assembly; the torsional oscillation assembly is used to periodically change the flow of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly; the motor assembly is used to convert the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly to rotate around its central axis; the transmission shaft assembly is used to drive the axial oscillation assembly to rotate axially, and the bottom end of the axial oscillation assembly is connected to a drill bit to convert the fluid energy of the drilling fluid into an axial impact force on the drill bit. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can simultaneously generate a large rotary cutting torque, axial oscillation impact and torsional oscillation load, assist in rock breaking, and alleviate the "support pressure" phenomenon of the drill string.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a multidirectional oscillation impact screw drilling tool.
Background
With the development of exploration and development to deep and unconventional fields, the mechanical drilling speed of conventional drilling is greatly reduced due to wide distribution of hard stratum and increased length of horizontal section, and the development progress of oil and gas resources is severely restricted. The slower rate of mechanical drilling is a complex problem, including more factors, and ultimately insufficient energy is delivered to the drill bit. In the horizontal well drilling process, rock breaking is mainly performed by rotating a drill bit, wherein the weight on bit is the pressure acting on the drill bit, and is an important parameter for ensuring that the drill bit is penetrated into rock depth, and in order to ensure drilling efficiency, enough weight on bit needs to be transmitted to the drill bit. The weight on bit is transferred through the drill string, and during horizontal drilling, part of the drill string directly contacts the well wall under the action of gravity, and during the downward application of the weight on bit at the ground, a large part of the weight on bit is absorbed by the friction resistance between the drill string and the well wall, so that the axial pressure transferred to the drill bit is greatly reduced, namely the phenomenon of "underpressure". An important reason for the phenomenon of "holding pressure" of the drill string is that the speed of downward movement of the drill string is relatively low, so that the speed of relative movement between the drill string and the well wall is low, and in some positions, the drill string and the well wall can be considered to be quasi-static, and in order to solve the problem of "holding pressure", the quasi-static state between the drill string and the well wall needs to be broken. Meanwhile, in the horizontal well drilling process, due to the requirement of borehole trajectory control, the downhole power drilling tool is a necessary tool, and when the drilling is in contact with a hard stratum, the conventional rotary rock breaking efficiency is limited. Impact rock breaking is a speed increasing method aiming at hard stratum, but the service life of the underground power drilling tool can be influenced by directly matching the impact rock breaking with the underground power drilling tool.
The rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical drilling speed in the hard stratum are low, so that the PDC drill bit often generates stick-slip vibration, and the cutting teeth of the PDC drill bit collapse to fail in advance, thereby influencing the drilling speed. The lengthening of the horizontal section can cause poor borehole cleaning, and the drilling pressure can not be transmitted to the drill bit due to larger friction resistance between the drilling tool and the borehole wall, namely the phenomenon of 'supporting pressure', so that the drilling is frequently started and the drilling aging is seriously influenced.
Currently, a downhole power drilling tool and a PDC drill bit are standard configurations for accelerating the speed of a drilling site, and good application effects are achieved to a certain extent, and the downhole power drilling tool commonly used in the site mainly comprises a screw drilling tool, a turbine drilling tool, a hydraulic oscillator, an impact drilling acceleration tool and the like. However, the shortcomings of existing power drills are increasingly apparent in more complex drilling conditions for hard formations and long horizontal runs. The drilling device has the advantages that the mechanical drilling speed of the screw drilling tool in a hard stratum is low, friction at a near drill bit cannot be reduced, the rotating speed of the turbine drilling tool is too high, the output torque is small, the efficiency is relatively low due to the fact that the turbine drilling tool is matched with an impregnated drill bit only in a grinding mode, the hydraulic oscillator can only oscillate a drill stem at the upper end of the tool, oscillation at the near drill bit cannot be achieved, friction resistance at the near drill bit cannot be reduced, the torsional impact drilling tool cannot be matched with other accelerating tools, and the cutting depth is insufficient when the turbine drilling tool is matched with a PDC drill bit to meet the hard stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the multidirectional oscillation impact screw drilling tool which can provide underground constant cutting torque and rotating speed for directly breaking rock, reduce friction at a near-bit position and provide high-frequency low-amplitude oscillation impact.
The technical scheme includes that the multidirectional oscillation impact screw drilling tool comprises a bypass valve assembly, a torsion oscillation assembly, a motor assembly, a transmission shaft assembly and an axial oscillation assembly, wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve assembly is connected with the top end of the torsion oscillation assembly and used for starting or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsion oscillation assembly, the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly is connected with the top end of the motor assembly and used for periodically changing the flow rate of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly, so that the rotation speed of the motor assembly is periodically changed to enable the motor assembly to generate torsion oscillation, the bottom end of the motor assembly is connected with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly and used for converting hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly to rotate around the central shaft of the transmission shaft assembly, the bottom end of the transmission shaft assembly is connected with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly and used for driving the axial oscillation assembly to axially rotate, and the bottom end of the axial oscillation assembly is connected with a drill bit and used for converting fluid energy of the drilling fluid into axial impact force to a drill bit.
The multi-directional vibration combined drilling machine has the beneficial effects that the multi-directional vibration combined drilling machine can simultaneously generate larger rotary cutting torque, axial vibration impact and torsional vibration load to assist in breaking rock, reduces friction resistance in the horizontal well drilling process and effectively inhibits the stick-slip vibration of the PDC drill bit while guaranteeing the breaking rock efficiency, and relieves the phenomenon of 'underpressure' of a drill string. The tool can effectively solve the technical problems of drilling caused by hard stratum and long horizontal section, improve drilling efficiency, increase single-pass footage and shorten drilling period.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the bypass valve assembly comprises a bypass valve body, a valve core, a sieve plate and a valve sleeve, wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve body is fixedly communicated with the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly in a sealing manner, the valve sleeve is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the bypass valve body, the valve core is arranged in the bypass valve body in a sliding manner and is positioned above the valve sleeve in a vertical manner, a valve core center hole penetrating through the two ends of the top end of the valve core is formed in the valve core, a side through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the bypass valve body is formed in the side wall of the bypass valve body, the valve core is opened or closed in the sliding process in the bypass valve body, and the sieve plate is arranged in the side through hole.
The technical scheme has the advantages that when the flow and the pressure of the drilling fluid exceed the starting pressure of the tool, the valve core is driven to close the side through hole, the bypass valve assembly is in a closed state, the drilling fluid sequentially enters the torsion oscillation assembly and the motor assembly through the valve core center hole, and the motor assembly is started.
Further, the motor assembly comprises a stator with two conducting ends at the top and the bottom and a rotor arranged in the stator, the top end of the stator is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly, the bottom end of the stator is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly, a hollow hole is formed in the rotor, and the two ends of the hollow hole are respectively communicated with the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly and the top end of the transmission shaft assembly.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the rotor is internally provided with the hollow hole, and when drilling fluid passes through, the rotor drives the transmission shaft assembly to axially rotate, so that the hydraulic power of the drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly to rotate around the center of the transmission shaft assembly.
Further, torsion oscillation assembly is including preventing falling joint, eccentric valve disc and preventing falling the connecting rod, prevent falling the structure that connects for the top end both ends are switched on, prevent falling the top of connecting with the bottom fixed intercommunication of bypass valve assembly, prevent falling the bottom of connecting with the top fixed connection and the intercommunication of stator, eccentric valve disc is fixed to be established prevent falling the upper end in the joint, prevent falling the hollow structure that the connecting rod is switched on for the top end both ends, just prevent falling the bottom of connecting rod with the top fixed connection and the intercommunication of rotor, prevent falling the top of connecting rod with eccentric hole intercommunication of eccentric valve disc.
The further scheme has the beneficial effects that the continuous rotation of the rotor can drive the anti-falling connecting rod to continuously rotate, and the rotation of the rotor is planetary rotation, namely, the rotor rotates around the rotation center of the rotor, and can revolve around the center of the stator. The rotation characteristic of the rotor can drive the anti-falling connecting rod to rotate in a planetary mode, the superposition area of the eccentric hole and the central hole of the anti-falling connecting rod is periodically changed, the change of the part enables the flow of drilling fluid from the central hole of the anti-falling connecting rod and the central hole of the rotor to periodically fluctuate, and the rotation speed of the rotor can periodically fluctuate, so that certain torsional oscillation is generated and transmitted to the drill bit.
Further, the torsional vibration assembly further comprises an anti-falling lock nut, the anti-falling lock nut and the eccentric valve disc are coaxially arranged, an internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the anti-falling lock nut, and the anti-falling connecting rod is arranged on the inner side of the anti-falling lock nut and is in threaded connection with the anti-falling lock nut.
The anti-falling locking nut has the beneficial effects that the anti-falling connecting rod can be prevented from being inserted into the space around the eccentric hole of the eccentric valve disc in the rotating process.
Further, the transmission shaft assembly comprises a universal shaft shell, a ball type universal shaft and a first transmission shaft, the top end of the universal shaft shell is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the motor assembly, the bottom end of the universal shaft shell is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillating assembly, the first transmission shaft is arranged in the universal shaft shell, and the top end of the first transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the bottom end of the rotor through the ball type universal shaft.
The motor assembly and the first transmission shaft are connected through the ball type universal shaft, and the motor assembly drives the first transmission shaft to axially rotate.
Further, the transmission shaft assembly further comprises a bearing shell and a thrust ball bearing group, the thrust ball bearing group is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft, the bearing shell is sleeved on the thrust ball bearing group, the bearing shell is arranged between the universal shaft shell and the axial oscillation assembly, the top end of the bearing shell is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the universal shaft shell, and the bottom end of the bearing shell is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly.
The further scheme has the beneficial effect that the arrangement of the bearing shell and the thrust ball bearing group can improve the stability of the first transmission shaft during rotation.
Further, the transmission shaft assembly further comprises a first centralizing bearing inner ring and a first centralizing bearing outer ring which are mutually matched, the first centralizing bearing inner ring is fixedly sleeved on the upper portion of the first transmission shaft, the first centralizing bearing outer ring is sleeved outside the first centralizing bearing inner ring, and the lower end of the first centralizing bearing outer ring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the bearing outer shell.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the arrangement of the first centralizing bearing inner ring and the first centralizing bearing outer ring can further improve the rotation stability of the first rotating shaft.
Further, the axial oscillation assembly comprises an axial oscillation nipple outer shell, an isolation sleeve, a nozzle, a piston and an axial oscillation shaft, wherein the top end of the axial oscillation nipple outer shell is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the bearing shell, the top end of the axial oscillation shaft is circumferentially fixed with the bottom end of the first transmission shaft through a cylindrical spline, an axial through center hole is formed in the axial oscillation shaft, the isolation sleeve and the piston are sleeved outside the axial oscillation shaft, the piston is arranged below the isolation sleeve, the outer wall of the isolation sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the axial oscillation nipple outer shell, circumferentially and uniformly distributed isolation channels are formed in the lower portion of the isolation sleeve, a plurality of first high-pressure channels are formed in the side wall of the middle of the axial oscillation shaft, the first high-pressure channels correspond to the axial positions of the isolation channels, the axial oscillation nipple outer shell is located at the isolation sleeve and the part of the piston and is provided with a through hole for connecting the outside, the nozzle is fixedly arranged in the axial oscillation shaft, and the nozzle is located below the first high-pressure channels.
The drilling fluid flow device has the beneficial effects that after the drilling fluid flows into the central hole of the axial oscillating shaft, the axial oscillating shaft is periodically driven to move up and down in the axial direction, and simultaneously, the drilling fluid axially rotates under the transmission of the motor assembly, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
Further, the lower extreme of first transmission shaft stretches into in the upper portion of axial vibration nipple joint shell body, the cover is equipped with the second on the lower extreme of first transmission shaft and rights the bearing inner circle, the second is rights the bearing inner circle and is equipped with the second and rights the bearing outer lane to the outer cooperation cover, the second right the bearing outer lane with the upper portion inner wall fixed connection of axial vibration nipple joint shell body.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the second righting bearing inner ring and the second righting bearing outer ring can further improve the rotating stability of the first transmission shaft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the axial oscillating assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the eccentric valve disc construction of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the spacer sleeve structure of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. A bypass valve assembly;
11. the valve comprises a bypass valve body, 12 valve cores, 13, a sieve plate, 14 and a valve sleeve;
2. a torsional oscillation assembly;
21. An anti-drop joint; 22, eccentric valve discs, 23 anti-falling locking nuts, 24, anti-falling connecting rods;
221. 222, fixing ribs and 223 sector channels;
3. A motor assembly;
31. A stator, 32, a rotor;
4. a drive shaft assembly;
41. The universal shaft comprises a universal shaft shell, a 42 ball type universal shaft, a 43 first transmission shaft, a 44 first centralizing bearing inner ring, a 45 first centralizing bearing outer ring, a 46 bearing shell, a 47 thrust ball bearing group, a 48 second centralizing bearing outer ring and a 49 second centralizing bearing inner ring;
5. an axial oscillation assembly;
51. axial oscillating short section outer shell, 52, spline, 53, isolating sleeve, 54, nozzle, 55, piston, 56, axial oscillating shaft, 57 and lower joint;
561. A first high-pressure channel, 511 a first low-pressure outlet, 512 a piston cavity, 531 an isolation channel.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention comprises a bypass valve assembly 1, a torsional vibration assembly 2, a motor assembly 3, a transmission shaft assembly 4 and an axial vibration assembly 5, wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve assembly 1 is connected with the top end of the torsional vibration assembly 2 and used for opening or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsional vibration assembly 2, the bottom end of the torsional vibration assembly 2 is connected with the top end of the motor assembly 3 and used for periodically changing the flow rate of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly 3, so that the rotation speed of the motor assembly 3 is periodically changed to enable the motor assembly 3 to generate torsional vibration, the bottom end of the motor assembly 3 is connected with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly 4 and used for converting hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly 4 to rotate around the central axis of the transmission shaft assembly, the bottom end of the transmission shaft assembly 4 is connected with the top end of the axial vibration assembly 5 and used for driving the axial vibration assembly 5 to axially rotate, and the bottom end of the axial vibration assembly 5 is connected with a drill bit and used for converting fluid energy of the drilling fluid into axial impact force to a drill bit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bypass valve assembly 1 comprises a bypass valve body 11, a valve core 12, a sieve plate 13 and a valve sleeve 14, wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve body 11 is fixedly communicated with the top end of the torsion oscillation assembly 2 in a sealing manner, the valve sleeve 14 is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the bypass valve body 11, the valve core 12 is arranged in the bypass valve body 11 in a sealing sliding manner and is positioned vertically above the valve sleeve 14, a valve core 12 central hole penetrating through the top end and the bottom end of the valve core 12 is arranged on the valve core 12, a side through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the bypass valve body 11 is arranged on the side wall of the bypass valve body 11, the valve core 12 is opened or closed in the sliding process of the bypass valve body 11, and the sieve plate 13 is arranged in the side through hole. When the flow and pressure of the drilling fluid exceed the starting pressure of the tool, the valve core 12 is driven to close the side through hole, the bypass valve assembly 1 is in a closed state, the drilling fluid sequentially enters the torsional vibration assembly 2 and the motor assembly 3 through the central hole of the valve core 12, and the motor assembly 3 is started.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the torsional vibration assembly 2 includes an eccentric valve disc 22, a drop lock nut 23, a drop connector 21, and a drop link 24. The eccentric valve disc 22 is fixedly mounted inside the drop-out fitting 24 by external threads. The lower end of the eccentric valve disc 22 is coaxially provided with an anti-falling lock nut 23, the anti-falling lock nut 23 is a hollow stepped shaft, the outer part of the upper end of the anti-falling lock nut is provided with a pentagonal prism, threads are arranged in the anti-falling lock nut, the anti-falling connecting rod 24 is a hollow stepped shaft, a through hole is formed in the anti-falling connecting rod 24, threads are respectively arranged at the upper section and the lower section of the anti-falling connecting rod 24, the lower end of the anti-falling lock nut 23 is fixedly connected to the anti-falling connecting rod 24 through the threads, and the lower end of the anti-falling connecting rod 24 is arranged at the top end of the screw rotor 32 through the threads.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the eccentric valve disc 22 includes an outer ring and an inner disc disposed inside the outer ring, threads are disposed outside the outer ring, the inner disc is fixedly connected to the outer ring by fixing ribs 222 uniformly distributed in 4 circumferential directions, and hollow eccentric holes 221,4 are disposed at eccentric positions inside the inner disc, so that 4 fan-shaped channels 223 are formed between the outer ring and the inner disc.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the motor assembly 3 includes a stator 31 with two conducting ends at the top and the bottom, and a rotor 32 disposed in the stator 31, wherein the top end of the stator 31 is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the anti-drop joint 21, the bottom end of the stator 31 is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the cardan shaft housing 41, and a hollow hole is formed in the rotor 32, and two ends of the hollow hole are respectively communicated with the bottom end of the anti-drop link 24 and the top end of the first transmission shaft 43. The rotor 32 is internally provided with a hollow hole, and when drilling fluid passes through, the rotor 32 drives the transmission shaft assembly 4 to axially rotate, so that hydraulic power of the drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy for driving the first transmission shaft 43 to rotate around the central axis.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the drive shaft assembly 4 comprises a universal shaft housing 41 and a ball-type universal shaft 42 which is arranged in the universal shaft housing 41 and is fixedly connected with the rotor 32 at the upper end, wherein the top end of the universal shaft housing 41 is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the stator 31, a first drive shaft 43 is arranged at the lower end of the ball-type universal shaft housing 42 and is a hollow stepped shaft, a first centralizing bearing inner ring 44 and a first centralizing bearing outer ring 45 are sequentially arranged outside the first drive shaft 43 from inside to outside, the first centralizing bearing inner ring 44 is arranged outside the upper end of the first drive shaft 43 in an interference fit manner, the first centralizing bearing outer ring 44 is fixedly arranged inside a bearing housing 46 through an interference fit manner, the first drive shaft 43 is coaxially arranged inside the bearing housing 46, the bottom end of the bearing housing 46 is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillating outer housing 51, the top end of the bearing housing 46 is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the universal shaft housing 41, a second centralizing bearing inner ring group is arranged inside the second centralizing bearing inner ring 47 through an interference fit manner, and a second ball-type bearing inner ring group is arranged inside the second centralizing bearing inner ring group 47 and a thrust shaft assembly is arranged outside the second ball-type bearing inner ring group 47.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the lower end of the first transmission shaft 43 is provided with an axial oscillation assembly 5, the axial oscillation nipple 5 assembly comprises an axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51 and an axial oscillation shaft 56 which is arranged in the axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51 and can reciprocate along the axial direction, the top end of the axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51 is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the bearing shell 46, the upper end of the axial oscillation shaft 56 is circumferentially fixed with the first transmission shaft 43 through a cylindrical spline 52, the axial oscillation shaft 56 can coaxially rotate along with the first transmission shaft 43, the axial oscillation shaft 56 is provided with an axially through central hole, the axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51 is arranged outside the axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51, a fixedly connected isolation sleeve 53 is arranged inside the axial oscillation nipple outer shell 51, the isolation sleeve 53 is a hollow stepped sleeve is arranged outside the upper end of the isolation sleeve, and the lower end of the isolation sleeve is provided with circumferentially and uniformly distributed isolation channels 531.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the middle side wall of the axial oscillating shaft 56 is provided with 2 first high-pressure channels 561 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the first high-pressure channels 561 correspond to the axial positions of the isolation channels 531 of the isolation sleeve 53, the lower end of the middle flow channel groove of the axial oscillating shaft 56 is provided with a nozzle 54, the middle part of the axial oscillating shaft 56 is fixedly provided with a piston 55 in an interference fit manner, the piston 55 can coaxially rotate along with the axial oscillating shaft 56, the bottom coaxial sleeve of the axial oscillating nipple outer shell 51 is provided with a lower joint 57, a piston cavity 512 is formed between the piston 55 and the isolation sleeve 53, and the outer wall of the axial oscillating nipple outer shell 51 is provided with a first low-pressure outlet communicated with the piston cavity 512.
The working principle of the invention is that drilling fluid flows to the torsional vibration assembly 2 through the bypass valve assembly 1, at the moment, part of the drilling fluid continuously flows downwards into the motor assembly 3 through the channels at the periphery of the eccentric valve disc 22, the rotor 32 is driven to rotate relative to the stator 31, the rotation of the rotor 32 drives the ball type universal shaft 42 and the first transmission shaft 43 to rotate, the first transmission shaft 43 drives the axial vibration shaft 56 to rotate through the spline 52, and torque is transmitted to a drill bit (in the prior art).
As the drilling fluid passes through the eccentric disc valve 22, a majority of the drilling fluid will flow downwardly from the scalloped channels 223 into the cavity between the stator 31 and the rotor 32, driving the rotor 32 to continue to rotate relative to the stator 31. When the drilling fluid passes through the eccentric disc valve 22, a part of the drilling fluid passes through the central hole of the anti-drop lock nut 23, the central hole of the anti-drop link 24, the central hole of the rotor 32, the side hole of the ball-type cardan shaft 42 in sequence through the eccentric hole 221, and merges with the drilling fluid passing between the rotor 32 and the stator 31. The continuous rotation of the rotor 32 drives the anti-falling locking nut 23 and the anti-falling connecting rod 24 to continuously rotate, and the rotation of the rotor 32 is a planetary rotation, namely, the rotor rotates around the rotation center of the rotor 32 and can revolve around the center of the stator 31. The rotation characteristic of the rotor 32 drives the anti-falling lock nut 23 and the anti-falling connecting rod 24 to rotate in a planetary mode, so that the superposition area of the eccentric hole 221 and the central hole of the anti-falling lock nut 23 changes periodically, and the flow of drilling fluid from the central hole of the anti-falling lock nut 23, the central hole of the anti-falling connecting rod 24 and the central hole of the rotor 32 fluctuates periodically due to the change of the part. Since the total inlet displacement of the tool is a constant value, that is, the sum of the flow rates passing through the eccentric hole 221 and the sector-shaped passage 223 is a constant value, when the flow rate passing through the eccentric hole 221 fluctuates, the flow rate passing through the sector-shaped passage 223, that is, flowing between the stator 31 and the rotor 32, fluctuates periodically. Since the rotational speed of the rotor 32 is proportional to the flow rate into between the rotor 32 and the stator 31, i.e. the greater the flow rate, the greater the rotational speed of the rotor 32. Thus, the rotational speed of the rotor 32 may periodically fluctuate, thereby producing a certain torsional oscillation and transmitting it to the drill bit.
The drilling fluid passing through the motor assembly continues to flow downwards, and a sectional area of the drilling fluid passing through the central hole of the axial oscillating shaft 56, the nozzle 54 and the nozzle 54 is suddenly reduced, so that a certain pressure is generated, a part of high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the piston cavity 512 through the first high-pressure channel 561 and the isolation channel 531, so that the pressure in the cavity 512 is increased and the piston 55 is driven to drive the axial oscillating shaft 56 to move downwards. The axial oscillating shaft 56 continues to rotate under the drive of the rotor 32, when the isolating channel 531 is staggered from the first high-pressure channel 561, the high-pressure fluid cannot enter the piston cavity 512, at this time, the axial oscillating shaft 56 moves upwards under the action of the weight on bit, at this time, the fluid in the piston cavity 512 flows into the annulus through the first low-pressure outlet 511, and when the axial oscillating shaft 56 moves to the uppermost position, i.e. returns to the original position. Continued rotation of the axial oscillating shaft 56 will constantly change the pressure in the piston cavity 512, creating a certain pressure fluctuation and transmitting it to the drill bit.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "peripheral side", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-directional oscillation impact screw drilling tool is characterized by comprising a bypass valve assembly (1), a torsion oscillation assembly (2), a motor assembly (3), a transmission shaft assembly (4) and an axial oscillation assembly (5), wherein the bottom end of the bypass valve assembly (1) is connected with the top end of the torsion oscillation assembly (2) for opening or blocking drilling fluid from entering the torsion oscillation assembly (2), the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly (2) is connected with the top end of the motor assembly (3) for periodically changing the flow rate of the drilling fluid entering the motor assembly (3), so that the rotation speed of the motor assembly (3) is periodically changed to enable the motor assembly (3) to generate torsion oscillation, the bottom end of the motor assembly (3) is connected with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly (4) for converting hydraulic power of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy for driving the transmission shaft assembly (4) to rotate around the central axis, the bottom end of the transmission shaft assembly (4) is connected with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly (5) for driving the axial oscillation assembly (5) to axially rotate, and the bottom end of the axial oscillation assembly (5) is connected with the axial oscillation assembly for converting the drilling fluid into drilling fluid impact energy;
The motor assembly (3) comprises a stator (31) with two conducting ends at the top and the bottom and a rotor (32) arranged in the stator (31), wherein the top end of the stator (31) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly (2), and the bottom end of the stator (31) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the transmission shaft assembly (4), a hollow hole is formed in the rotor (32), and the two ends of the hollow hole are respectively communicated with the bottom end of the torsion oscillation assembly (2) and the top end of the transmission shaft assembly (4);
The torsion oscillation assembly (2) comprises an anti-falling connector (21), an eccentric valve disc (22) and an anti-falling connecting rod (24), wherein the anti-falling connector (21) is of a structure with two ends being communicated at the top and the bottom, the top of the anti-falling connector (21) is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the bypass valve assembly (1), the bottom of the anti-falling connector (21) is fixedly connected with the top of the stator (31) and communicated with the top of the stator, the eccentric valve disc (22) is fixedly arranged at the upper end in the anti-falling connector (21), the anti-falling connecting rod (24) is of a hollow structure with two ends being communicated at the top and the bottom, the bottom of the anti-falling connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected with and communicated with the top of the rotor (32), and the top of the anti-falling connecting rod (24) is communicated with an eccentric hole (221) of the eccentric valve disc (22).
2. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the bypass valve assembly (1) comprises a bypass valve body (11), a valve core (12), a sieve plate (13) and a valve sleeve (14), the bottom end of the bypass valve body (11) is fixedly communicated with the top end of the torsional oscillation assembly (2) in a sealing mode, the valve sleeve (14) is fixedly arranged at the bottom in the bypass valve body (11), the valve core (12) is arranged in the bypass valve body (11) in a sealing sliding mode and is located above the valve sleeve (14), a valve core (12) center hole penetrating through the top end and the bottom end of the valve core (12) is formed in the valve core (12), a side through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the bypass valve body (11) is formed in the side wall of the bypass valve body (11), the side through hole is opened or closed in the sliding process of the bypass valve body (11), and the sieve plate (13) is arranged in the side through hole.
3. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill according to claim 1, wherein the torsional oscillation assembly (2) further comprises an anti-falling lock nut (23), the anti-falling lock nut (23) is coaxially arranged with the eccentric valve disc (22), an inner thread is arranged on the inner side of the anti-falling lock nut (23), and the anti-falling connecting rod (24) is arranged on the inner side of the anti-falling lock nut (23) and is in threaded connection with the anti-falling lock nut (23).
4. A multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the drive shaft assembly (4) comprises a cardan shaft housing (41), a ball-type cardan shaft (42) and a first drive shaft (43), the top end of the cardan shaft housing (41) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the motor assembly (3), the bottom end of the cardan shaft housing (41) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly (5), the upper part of the first drive shaft (43) is arranged in the cardan shaft housing (41), and the top end of the first drive shaft (43) is in driving connection with the bottom end of the rotor (32) through the ball-type cardan shaft (42).
5. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drilling tool according to claim 4, wherein the transmission shaft assembly (4) further comprises a bearing housing (46) and a thrust ball bearing group (47), the thrust ball bearing group (47) is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft (43), the bearing housing (46) is sleeved on the thrust ball bearing group (47), the bearing housing (46) is arranged between the universal shaft housing (41) and the axial oscillation assembly (5), the top end of the bearing housing (46) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the universal shaft housing (41), and the bottom end of the bearing housing (46) is fixedly connected and communicated with the top end of the axial oscillation assembly (5).
6. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill according to claim 5, wherein the transmission shaft assembly (4) further comprises a first centralizing bearing inner ring (44) and a first centralizing bearing outer ring (45) which are mutually matched, the first centralizing bearing inner ring (44) is fixedly sleeved on the upper portion of the first transmission shaft (43), the first centralizing bearing outer ring (45) is sleeved outside the first centralizing bearing inner ring (44), and the lower end of the first centralizing bearing outer ring (45) sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the bearing housing (46).
7. The multi-directional oscillating screw drilling tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the axial oscillating assembly (5) comprises an axial oscillating nipple outer shell (51), an isolating sleeve (53), a nozzle (54), a piston (55) and an axial oscillating shaft (56), the top end of the axial oscillating nipple outer shell (51) is fixedly connected and communicated with the bottom end of the bearing outer shell (46), the top end of the axial oscillating shaft (56) is circumferentially fixed with the bottom end of the first transmission shaft (43) through a cylindrical spline (52), the axial oscillating shaft (56) is provided with a central hole which is axially penetrated, the isolating sleeve (53) and the piston (55) are sleeved outside the axial oscillating shaft (56), the piston (55) is arranged below the isolating sleeve (53), the outer wall of the isolating sleeve (53) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the axial oscillating nipple outer shell (51), the lower part of the isolating sleeve (53) is provided with circumferential isolating channels (531), the middle side wall of the axial oscillating shaft (56) is provided with first high-pressure channels (561) which correspond to the first high-pressure channels (561) uniformly distributed, the axial oscillating nipple joint outer shell (51) is provided with a through hole for connecting the outside on the part of the isolating sleeve (53) and the piston (55), the nozzle (54) is fixedly arranged in the axial oscillating shaft (56), and the nozzle (54) is positioned below the first high-pressure channel (561).
8. The multidirectional oscillation impact screw drill according to claim 7, wherein the lower end of the first transmission shaft (43) extends into the upper portion of the axial oscillation nipple outer casing (51), a second centralizing bearing inner ring (49) is sleeved on the lower end of the first transmission shaft (43), a second centralizing bearing outer ring (48) is sleeved on the second centralizing bearing inner ring (49) in an externally matched mode, and the second centralizing bearing outer ring (48) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper portion of the axial oscillation nipple outer casing (51).
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| CN115341844B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-17 | 沧州格锐特钻头有限公司 | Short-bending impact-resistant large-torque screw drill |
| CN117722149B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-04-16 | 山东石油化工学院 | Hydraulic sliding resistance-changing device |
| CN117328810A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-01-02 | 西南石油大学 | A multi-stage pulse oscillation screw |
| CN119163348B (en) * | 2024-11-22 | 2025-03-07 | 河北立森石油机械股份有限公司 | High-temperature screw drilling tool transmission device |
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| CN106089024A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of torsion rushes motor |
| CN113006681A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-22 | 北京工业大学 | Axial oscillation screw drill |
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| CN104499941B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-10-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device for converting longitudinal vibration of drill string into torsional shock of drill bit |
| GB201504106D0 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-04-22 | Iti Scotland Ltd | Resonance enhanced rotary drilling actuator |
| CN205477480U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Screw rod drag reduction instrument with adjustable continuous pipe bit well |
| CN106639943B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-02-15 | 西南石油大学 | High Frequency Torsional Reset Axial Vibration Impact Tool |
| RU2645198C1 (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-02-16 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Фирма "Радиус-Сервис" | Oscillator for drilling string |
| CN109372424B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2023-09-29 | 长江大学 | Composite impact speed-increasing drilling tool for coiled tubing |
| CN112576183B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2023-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Screw drilling tool |
| CN111577141B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-08-20 | 北京工业大学 | Turbine hydraulic oscillator for drilling |
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| CN106089024A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of torsion rushes motor |
| CN113006681A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-22 | 北京工业大学 | Axial oscillation screw drill |
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