CN114948261B - Accurate positioning method based on image data - Google Patents
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- CN114948261B CN114948261B CN202210451459.8A CN202210451459A CN114948261B CN 114948261 B CN114948261 B CN 114948261B CN 202210451459 A CN202210451459 A CN 202210451459A CN 114948261 B CN114948261 B CN 114948261B
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
- A61B90/11—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
- A61B90/13—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints guided by light, e.g. laser pointers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an accurate positioning method based on image data, which comprises the following steps: step one, scanning the head of a patient, obtaining image data and finding a median sagittal plane; step two, determining a target axle position plane: step three, forming two points at two ends of the intersection line of the target axial plane and the median sagittal plane, and respectively marking as a point A and a point B; taking the nose tip as a base point, marking as an O point, and measuring the distance between the outgoing line sections OA and OB; drawing a projection line, namely a sagittal position identification line, formed on the surface of the skin of the human brain bag by the median sagittal plane on the brain bag of the patient; fifthly, determining the positions of the point A and the point B on the scalp of the brain bag of the patient on a sagittal position mark line by taking the nasal tip of the patient as a base point; step six, using a brain gauge plate to assist in determining the position of the target shaft position plane in the brain bag of the patient; simultaneously determining the position of a target point; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and accurate and rapid positioning; is easy to popularize and is suitable for wide areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to an accurate positioning method based on image data.
Background
Neurosurgery has high requirements on intracranial positioning, and due to anatomical specificity, common diseases comprise cerebral hemorrhage, head trauma, intracranial space occupying lesions and the like, and the lesion part needs to be accurately positioned before the operation. The current advanced method is to accurately position under nerve navigation, but has high requirements on equipment, requires a special navigation system, has complex device operation, and is expensive and not easy to popularize. However, the conventional positioning method has the defects of low cost, high requirement on experience of operators, insufficient precision and complex time.
Therefore, there is a need for a simple auxiliary device and a positioning method for accurately positioning an intracranial lesion based on image data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an accurate positioning method based on image data is provided.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The invention provides an accurate positioning method based on image data, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, scanning the head of a patient to obtain image data; finding a median sagittal plane in the acquired image data;
Step two, determining a target axle position plane: adjusting the positioning line up and down by operating a mouse based on the image data, moving the positioning line to the target point position, and determining the plane and the target point of the target point by the plane of the positioning line; the plane of the target point is the target axis plane; the target point is any point on the surface of the brain pocket skin on the plane of the target point;
Step three, forming two points at two ends of the intersection line of the target axial plane and the median sagittal plane, and respectively marking as a point A and a point B; taking the nose tip as a base point, marking as an O point, and measuring the distance between the outgoing line sections OA and OB;
Drawing a projection line, namely a sagittal position identification line, formed on the surface of the skin of the human brain bag by the median sagittal plane on the brain bag of the patient;
fifthly, determining the positions of the point A and the point B on the scalp of the brain bag of the patient on a sagittal position mark line by taking the nasal tip of the patient as a base point;
Step six, using a brain gauge plate to assist in determining the position of the target shaft position plane in the brain bag of the patient; simultaneously determining the position of a target point; the specific process is as follows:
the brain gauge plate comprises a component I and a component II connected with the component I; wherein:
The component I comprises an arc-shaped rod, two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a pointed screw which is horizontally arranged in a threaded manner, and the two pointed screws are symmetrically arranged; the center of the arc-shaped rod is provided with a first laser instrument; the component II comprises a clamp which is arc-shaped, and the clamp is vertically connected with the arc-shaped rod; the center of the clamp is provided with a second laser instrument; the laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is perpendicularly intersected with the laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of two pointed screws;
Since the actual positions of points a and B have been determined; adjusting the distance between the two pointed screws so that the tips of the pointed screws are respectively arranged at the point A and the point B; in addition, as the component II is perpendicular to the component I, after the component I is positioned, a second laser instrument in the component II is turned on, and a plane formed by irradiation of the second laser instrument is a target axial plane, namely a plane where a target point is determined;
After the plane of the target point is determined, the target point is determined by measurement, specifically: and measuring projection points, namely an A point and a B point, of the axillary intersection point on the surface of the brain skin, and obtaining the position of the target point by measuring the distance between the A point and the B point and the target point in image data.
The two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a stretching table; the pointed screw is connected with the stretching table in a threaded manner; clamping tables are arranged at two ends of the clamp; the clamping table is vertically connected with the stretching table.
The clamping table is welded with the stretching table.
The clamping table is detachably connected with the stretching table.
The clamp is semicircular; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an inserting table, and an inserting channel is formed in the inserting table; the clamping table is inserted into the insertion channel in an adaptive manner; the top of the insertion platform is connected with a first jackscrew in a threaded manner; the clamping table top is provided with a positioning hole, and the bottom end of the first jackscrew is inserted into the positioning hole when the clamping table is used.
The clamp is annular; the clamping table is formed in the middle of the clamp; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an L-shaped connecting sheet, a screw hole is formed in the bottom surface of the connecting sheet, and the clamping table is clamped in the inner space of the connecting sheet; the clamping table is provided with a through hole, a second jackscrew penetrates into the through hole, and the bottom end of the second jackscrew is connected in the screw hole in a threaded manner; an extension table is also connected below the clamp; the second laser instrument is arranged at the extension table.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The method is based on craniocerebral image data analysis, and can achieve the accuracy of the nerve navigation system equipment through simple auxiliary equipment measurement, and particularly for posterior craniocerebral, the nerve navigation is often deviated in application, and the correction can be well carried out by using the method; the adopted brain gauge plate has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and accurate and rapid positioning; the popularization is easy, and the method is suitable for wide areas; the arc-shaped rod is arranged in the component I, the two ends of the arc-shaped rod are connected with chuck screws in a threaded manner, and the distance between the chuck screws is adjustable, so that the adjustment of a user is facilitated; the part II is provided with a clamp which is vertically arranged with the arc-shaped rod, the part I is provided with a first laser instrument, the part II is provided with a second laser instrument, a laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is vertically intersected with a laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of two pointed screws; when the device is used, the axial plane can be directly obtained because the component I and the component II are vertical, and the axial plane can be drawn and measured on the scalp, so that the time can be saved because the coronal plane is not required to be drawn, links are reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
2. The component I and the component II in the device adopt a detachable connection mode, are convenient to detach independently during cleaning and disinfection, save space, only need to connect the two in a combined way during use, and have the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly and convenient cleaning and maintenance.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a component I in the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a top view of part II in embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of a component I in the second embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a top view of part II in embodiment two.
Fig. 8 is a three front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a front view of a component I in the third embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a top view of part II in embodiment three.
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a patient's head positioning marker line.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure in the mid-sagittal position.
Reference numerals illustrate:
01 sagittal bit identification line; 02 crown bit line; an arc-shaped rod; 2, stretching a table; 3 pointed screw; 4, a first laser instrument; 5, clamping; 6, clamping the platform; 7, a second laser instrument; 8, positioning holes; 9 inserting a platform; 10 a first jackscrew; 11 connecting sheets; 12 screw holes; 13 a second jackscrew; 14 extension stage.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, the brain plate according to the present embodiment includes a component I and a component II connected to the component I; wherein:
The component I comprises an arc-shaped rod, two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a pointed screw which is horizontally arranged in a threaded manner, and the two pointed screws are symmetrically arranged; the center position of the arc-shaped rod is provided with a first laser instrument.
The component II comprises a clamp which is arc-shaped and is vertically connected with the arc-shaped rod; the center of the clamp is provided with a second laser instrument; the laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is perpendicularly intersected with the laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of the two pointed screws.
The two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a stretching table; the pointed screw is connected with the stretching table in a threaded manner; clamping tables are arranged at two ends of the clamp; the clamping table is vertically connected with the stretching table; in this embodiment, the clamping table may be welded to the stretching table.
It should be further noted that the maximum distance between the tips of the left and right pointed screws is 30cm, each pointed screw can be adjusted to 15cm forward, and the upper and lower heights of the arc-shaped rod are 20cm. The first laser instrument and the second laser instrument can respectively emit a plane.
The arc-shaped rod is arranged in the component I in the device, the two ends of the arc-shaped rod are connected with the chuck screws in a threaded manner, and the distance between the chuck screws is adjustable, so that the adjustment of a user is facilitated; the part II is provided with a clamp which is vertically arranged with the arc-shaped rod, the part I is provided with a first laser instrument, the part II is provided with a second laser instrument, a laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is vertically intersected with a laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of two pointed screws; when the device is used, the axial plane can be directly obtained because the component I and the component II are vertical, and the axial plane can be drawn and measured on the scalp, so that the time can be saved because the coronal plane is not required to be drawn, links are reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5-7, the brain gauge board provided in this embodiment has the same other structure as the first embodiment, and is different in that the clamping table is detachably connected with the stretching table, and in this embodiment, the detachable connection mode adopts the following structure:
the clamp is semicircular; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an inserting table, an inserting channel is formed in the inserting table, and in the embodiment, the inserting table is of a rectangular pipe or square pipe-shaped structure; the clamping table is inserted into the insertion channel in an adaptive manner; the top of the insertion platform is connected with a first jackscrew through threads; the clamping table top is provided with a positioning hole, the bottom end of the first jackscrew is inserted into the positioning hole when the clamping table is used, the clamping table of the clamp is inserted into an inserting channel of the inserting table when the clamping table is specifically applied, the first jackscrew is screwed, the bottom end of the first jackscrew is inserted into the positioning hole, and the clamp and the arc-shaped rod are fixedly connected. It should be noted that the first jackscrew may be a knurled small head screw.
Example III
As shown in fig. 8-10, the brain gauge board provided in this embodiment has the same other structure as the first embodiment, and is different in that the clamping table is detachably connected with the stretching table, and in this embodiment, the detachable connection mode adopts the following structure:
The clip may be annular in this embodiment; the clamping table is formed in the middle of the clamp; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an L-shaped connecting sheet, the bottom surface of the connecting sheet is provided with a screw hole, and the clamping table is clamped in the inner space of the connecting sheet; the clamping table is provided with a through hole, a second jackscrew penetrates through the through hole, and the bottom end of the second jackscrew is in threaded connection with the screw hole; in this embodiment, the clip is fixedly connected to the connecting piece by screwing the second jackscrew. In order to ensure that the laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is perpendicularly intersected with the laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of two pointed screws, an extension table is further connected below the clamp; the second laser instrument is installed at the extension stage.
In this embodiment, the second jackscrew may be a knurled small head screw.
The component I and the component II in the device adopt a detachable connection mode, are convenient to detach independently during cleaning and disinfection, save space, only need to connect the two in a combined way during use, and have the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly and convenient cleaning and maintenance.
The invention also provides a precise positioning method based on the image data, which comprises the following steps:
As shown in fig. 11, the human anatomy defines three mutually perpendicular faces, also known as the base faces. Including sagittal and coronal planes. The sagittal plane has sagittal position mark line, and the coronal plane has coronal position mark line; the image data is analyzed from the mathematical angle, the three-dimensional brain bag is changed into a two-dimensional plane, and then the points to be found on the image data are found out on the plane by using a brain ruler (patent granted before the inventor) and the method can accurately find out the corresponding points in the image data on the cranium. The method can be realized on the image system PACS, film reading software (RadiAnt), 3Dslicer and other software, and RadiAnt is taken as an example:
Firstly, scanning the head of a patient to obtain image data; finding a median sagittal plane in the acquired image data; in the step, the middle sagittal position is adjusted by operating on software;
Step two, determining a target axle position plane: the method comprises the steps of adjusting a positioning line up and down in software based on image data by operating a mouse, moving the positioning line to a target point position, and determining a plane (a target axis position plane) where a target point is located and a target point through a plane where the positioning line is located; it should be noted that the target point may be any point on the outline of the brain (the surface of the skin of the brain) where the plane of the target point is located;
Step three, forming two points at two ends of the intersection line of the target axial plane and the median sagittal plane, and respectively marking as a point A and a point B; taking the nose tip as a base point, marking as an O point, and measuring the distance between the outgoing line sections OA and OB;
Drawing a projection line, namely a sagittal position identification line, formed on the surface of the skin of the human brain bag by the median sagittal plane on the brain bag of the patient; it should be noted that, the brain circumference instrument can be used for drawing, and the brain circumference instrument is an issued patent applied before the inventor; it can be drawn by the first laser in the component I of the present application;
Fifthly, determining the positions of the point A and the point B on the brain bag of the patient on a sagittal position mark line by taking the nasal tip of the patient as a base point; it should be noted that, the position is determined by a brain rule, which is an issued patent previously filed by the inventor; since the distance between OA and OB is known, the positions of the point A and the point B can be respectively determined on the scalp of the brain by adjusting the distance between the brain gauges and respectively taking the tip of the nose as the base point;
Step six, using a brain gauge plate to assist in determining the position of the target shaft position plane in the brain bag of the patient; simultaneously determining the position of a target point; the brain gauge plate adopted in the step can be any one of the three embodiments; the specific process is as follows:
since the actual positions of points a and B have been determined; adjusting the distance between the two pointed screws so that the tips of the pointed screws are respectively arranged at the point A and the point B; in addition, because the component II is perpendicular to the component I, after the component I is positioned, a second laser instrument in the component II is turned on, and a plane formed by irradiation of the second laser instrument is a target axial plane, namely a plane in which a target point is positioned can be determined; after the plane of the target point is determined, the target point can be determined by measuring, specifically, the projection points (namely, the point A and the point B) of the intersection point of the axises and the surface of the brain skin are measured, and the position of the target point can be obtained by measuring the distance between the point A and the point B and the target point in the image data.
The method is based on craniocerebral image data analysis, and can achieve the accuracy of the nerve navigation system equipment through simple auxiliary equipment measurement, and particularly for posterior craniocerebral, the nerve navigation is often deviated in application, and the correction can be well carried out by using the method.
The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, and accurate and rapid positioning; is easy to popularize and is suitable for wide areas.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The accurate positioning method based on the image data is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, scanning the head of a patient to obtain image data; finding a median sagittal plane in the acquired image data;
Step two, determining a target axle position plane: adjusting the positioning line up and down by operating a mouse based on the image data, moving the positioning line to the target point position, and determining the plane and the target point of the target point by the plane of the positioning line; the plane of the target point is the target axis plane; the target point is any point on the surface of the brain pocket skin on the plane of the target point;
Step three, forming two points at two ends of the intersection line of the target axial plane and the median sagittal plane, and respectively marking as a point A and a point B; taking the nose tip as a base point, marking as an O point, and measuring the distance between the outgoing line sections OA and OB;
Drawing a projection line, namely a sagittal position identification line, formed on the surface of the skin of the human brain bag by the median sagittal plane on the brain bag of the patient;
fifthly, determining the positions of the point A and the point B on the scalp of the brain bag of the patient on a sagittal position mark line by taking the nasal tip of the patient as a base point;
Step six, using a brain gauge plate to assist in determining the position of the target shaft position plane in the brain bag of the patient; simultaneously determining the position of a target point; the specific process is as follows:
the brain gauge plate comprises a component I and a component II connected with the component I; wherein:
The component I comprises an arc-shaped rod, two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a pointed screw which is horizontally arranged in a threaded manner, and the two pointed screws are symmetrically arranged; the center of the arc-shaped rod is provided with a first laser instrument; the component II comprises a clamp which is arc-shaped, and the clamp is vertically connected with the arc-shaped rod; the center of the clamp is provided with a second laser instrument; the laser surface emitted by the first laser instrument is perpendicularly intersected with the laser surface emitted by the second laser instrument, and an intersection line formed by intersection is a tip connecting line of two pointed screws;
Since the actual positions of points a and B have been determined; adjusting the distance between the two pointed screws so that the tips of the pointed screws are respectively arranged at the point A and the point B; in addition, as the component II is perpendicular to the component I, after the component I is positioned, a second laser instrument in the component II is turned on, and a plane formed by irradiation of the second laser instrument is a target axial plane, namely a plane where a target point is determined;
After the plane of the target point is determined, the target point is determined by measurement, specifically: and measuring projection points, namely an A point and a B point, of the axillary intersection point on the surface of the brain skin, and obtaining the position of the target point by measuring the distance between the A point and the B point and the target point in image data.
2. The accurate positioning method based on image data according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the arc-shaped rod are respectively connected with a stretching table; the pointed screw is connected with the stretching table in a threaded manner; clamping tables are arranged at two ends of the clamp; the clamping table is vertically connected with the stretching table.
3. The precise positioning method based on image data according to claim 2, wherein the clamping table is welded with the stretching table.
4. The precise positioning method based on image data according to claim 2, wherein the clamping table is detachably connected with the stretching table.
5. The precise positioning method based on image data according to claim 4, wherein the clamp is semicircular; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an inserting table, and an inserting channel is formed in the inserting table; the clamping table is inserted into the insertion channel in an adaptive manner; the top of the insertion platform is connected with a first jackscrew in a threaded manner; the clamping table top is provided with a positioning hole, and the bottom end of the first jackscrew is inserted into the positioning hole when the clamping table is used.
6. The precise positioning method based on image data according to claim 4, wherein the clamp is ring-shaped; the clamping table is formed in the middle of the clamp; the outer wall of the stretching table is fixedly connected with an L-shaped connecting sheet, a screw hole is formed in the bottom surface of the connecting sheet, and the clamping table is clamped in the inner space of the connecting sheet; the clamping table is provided with a through hole, a second jackscrew penetrates into the through hole, and the bottom end of the second jackscrew is connected in the screw hole in a threaded manner; an extension table is also connected below the clamp; the second laser instrument is arranged at the extension table.
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| CN217660183U (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-10-28 | 深圳市萨米医疗中心 | Brain compasses board |
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| US5387220A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1995-02-07 | Pisharodi; Maohaven | Stereotactic frame and localization method |
| NO313573B1 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2002-10-28 | Medinnova Sf | Tools for use in brain operations, as well as a system for determining the insertion depth of a probe or similar brain operations and the coordinates of the tool and probe brain operations |
| CN204072267U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-07 | 周军 | The all position finders of cranium |
| CN105943171B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-11-02 | 万伟东 | RC encephalic minimally-invasive treatment positioning devices and positioning tag line and positioning system |
| CN110269699A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-24 | 魏大年 | Three-dimensional cranium brain positioning operation tool and its application method |
| WO2021253943A1 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-23 | 湖南卓世创思科技有限公司 | Laser locating frame system |
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| CN217660183U (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-10-28 | 深圳市萨米医疗中心 | Brain compasses board |
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| GR01 | Patent grant |