CN114942200B - A method for analyzing the sharpness of straight-edge knives in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cutter sharpness analysis method of a honeycomb material ultrasonic processing straight blade cutter, which is applied to an analysis platform, wherein the analysis platform comprises the following steps: the device comprises a straight blade knife moving mechanism, a straight blade knife clamping device, a cut material moving mechanism, a material fixing frame, a laser tool setting device, a dynamometer and an industrial camera, wherein the industrial camera records a material process image, and the time point of material crack generation and complete fracture is obtained; recording the stress of the straight blade knife in the process of cutting the material by using a dynamometer; calculating sharpness parameter indexes of the straight blade knife; the laser tool setting device corrects the cutting direction, so that the straight blade knife orthogonally cuts the cut material, the material movement mechanism of the cut material adjusts the testing height of the material, the invention can ensure that the cutting angle of the cut material and a workpiece is stable, realize cutting under quasi-static parameters, reduce the damage to the cutter in the testing process, and can test the sharpness degree under different blade scales by changing the thickness of the cut material, thereby obtaining the weak position information of the blade in the processing process.

Description

A method for analyzing the sharpness of straight-edge knives in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machining tool testing, in particular to a tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife used in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials.

Background technique

Aramid paper honeycomb is an important aerospace material. The state of the straight-edge knife used in the cutting of aramid paper honeycomb has an important influence on the quality of paper honeycomb processing. This type of straight-edge knife has very different failure forms such as wear from traditional processing tools, so different evaluation methods are required. The sharpness of the straight-edge knife can characterize its cutting ability and is also a method to measure the degree of wear of the straight-edge knife. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a standardized measurement method and equipment to achieve a quantitative evaluation of the sharpness of the tool in the paper honeycomb processing process.

At present, the method for evaluating the sharpness of tool edges is mainly based on the cutting depth method: the cutting depth method refers to using a certain pressure to press the cutting medium so that the medium contacts the tool, and the tool sharpness is characterized by recording the fracture depth of the medium (or the number of layers of multi-layer media). When processing aramid paper honeycombs, the force on the straight-edged knife is generally less than 20N, and the wear state changes slowly. The design and manufacture of the tool will not consider the scenario of service with large impact stress. The cutting depth test imposes impact stress on the tool, which is easy to expand the micro-defects of the tool edge and the nearby surface, and affects the life test results in the processing tool test. Therefore, it is not suitable as a test method for the sharpness of paper honeycomb processing tools. In addition, there are various difficult-to-solve technical problems in directly characterizing the geometric indicators such as the edge arc radius of the straight-edged knife.

Currently, the main method for testing edge sharpness is to use a wider medium to press down and make a macroscopic evaluation of the entire edge of a straight-blade sword. It is impossible to conduct detailed monitoring of the material cutting process, and thus it is impossible to achieve accurate sword sharpness analysis.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and proposes a tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife for ultrasonic processing of honeycomb materials. The cutting direction is corrected by a laser tool setting device so that the straight-edge knife cuts the cut material orthogonally. The cut material movement mechanism adjusts the test height of the cut material. The dynamometer is installed between the feed structure and the straight-edge knife clamping device. The present invention can ensure the stability of the cutting angle between the cutting material and the workpiece, realize cutting under quasi-static parameters, and reduce the damage to the tool during the testing process. In addition, the present invention can change the thickness of the cut material, perform sharpness tests at different blade scales, and obtain the weak position information of the blade during the processing.

The technical solution of the present invention:

A tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife used in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials is applied on an analysis platform, the analysis platform comprising: a straight-edge knife motion mechanism, a straight-edge knife clamping device, a cut material motion mechanism, a material fixing frame, a laser tool setting device, a dynamometer and an industrial camera;

The straight-edge knife clamping device is arranged on the straight-edge knife motion mechanism, the straight-edge knife motion mechanism drives the straight-edge knife to move at a low speed, the straight-edge knife clamping device is on the slider of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism, the material fixing frame is arranged on the moving block of the cut material motion mechanism, the cut material motion mechanism drives and adjusts the relative height between the straight-edge knife and the cutting material, the laser tool setting device is fixed above the center line of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism, the dynamometer is installed between the slider of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism and the straight-edge knife clamping device, the industrial camera is installed at the end of the cut material motion mechanism and is perpendicular to the cutting surface, the dynamometer and the industrial camera signals are connected to a computer, and the feeding mechanism, the laser tool setting device, the dynamometer and the industrial camera are independently powered;

The material is clamped by the material fixing frame, and the height is adjusted by the material height adjustment mechanism so that the height of the cut material is level with the cutting height of the straight blade knife;

Calibrate the direction of the straight-edge knife blade using a laser tool setting device;

The straight blade movement mechanism enables the straight blade to cut the material at a constant speed, with a speed range of 2-10mm/min;

The industrial camera records the material process image and obtains the time point when the material crack occurs and completely breaks;

The force applied by the straight-edged knife during cutting of the material is recorded by a dynamometer;

The sharpness parameter index of the straight-edged knife is calculated.

Specifically, it includes: the straight-edge knife movement mechanism is realized by controlling the screw transmission through a stepping motor, the dynamometer mounting seat is fixed to the slider of the screw, the straight-edge knife clamping device is connected to the dynamometer mounting seat through a guide column, and the straight-edge knife is manually adjusted and connected to the straight-edge knife clamping device.

Specifically, the movement mechanism of the cut material is realized by a stepper motor control rod transmission, the moving blocks of the material fixing frame on both sides are fixed to the control rod by bolts, the cut material is placed on the material fixing frame symmetrically along the center line of the movement mechanism of the cut material, the material pressing sheet is placed on the cut material and fixedly connected to the material fixing frame by bolts.

Specifically, the slider and the clamping device of the straight-edge knife movement mechanism move linearly together, the slider movement range is 100-300 mm, the movement accuracy is not less than 0.02 mm, and the movement speed is not more than 10 mm per minute.

Specifically, the moving block of the cut material movement mechanism and the material fixing frame move linearly together, and the movement accuracy of the moving block is not less than 0.05 mm.

Specifically, the thickness of the cut material is between 2 mm and 10 mm, the length is between 50 mm and 100 mm, and the width is between 25 mm and 40 mm.

Specifically, the sharpness of the straight-edged knife is calculated, including:

The cutting depth at the time of crack generation and fracture is calculated according to the crack time point and fracture time point and the straight blade speed;

Based on the force of the straight-edge knife in cutting the material and the cutting depth when the crack is generated and fractured, the work required to generate the crack and the fracture work are calculated;

The sharpness of a straight-edge knife is calculated based on the cutting depth at crack initiation and fracture, as well as the work required to generate the crack and the work required to fracture.

Specifically, based on the force applied during the material cutting process by the straight-edge knife and the cutting depth when the crack is generated and when it is broken, the work required for generating the crack and the work required for breaking are calculated;

Based on the time-varying stress of the straight-edge knife in cutting the material and the cutting depth when the crack is generated and fractured, the work required to generate the crack and the fracture work are calculated, specifically:

Among them, _d1 is the cutting depth when the crack is generated, _d2 is the cutting depth during the forging, F is the force that changes with time during the straight blade cutting process, _W1 is the work required to generate the crack, and _W2 is the fracture work;

The sharpness of a straight-edge knife is calculated based on the cutting depth at the time of crack generation and fracture, as well as the work required to generate the crack and the work required to fracture. Specifically:

S = Index ₁ * Index ₂

Among them, Index ₁ represents the dimensionless parameter characterizing the sharpness based on crack, Index ₂ represents the dimensionless parameter characterizing the sharpness based on fracture, t is the thickness of the workpiece being cut, K is the fracture toughness of the material being cut, and S is the sharpness of the straight edge knife.

It can be seen from the above description of the present invention that, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention provides a tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife for ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials. The cutting direction is corrected by a laser tool setting device so that the straight-edge knife cuts the material being cut orthogonally. The movement mechanism of the cut material adjusts the test height of the cut material. The dynamometer is installed between the feed structure and the straight-edge knife clamping device. The present invention can ensure the stability of the cutting angle between the cutting material and the workpiece, realize cutting under quasi-static parameters, and reduce the damage to the tool during the test process. In addition, the present invention can change the thickness of the cut material, perform sharpness tests at different blade scales, and obtain the weak position information of the blade during the machining process.

(2) The method provided by the present invention is simple and convenient. A single operation only requires clamping the workpiece and the straight-blade knife, and the blade test position is precisely controlled by a screw rod. The data is acquired accurately, and the zero point alignment is acquired by comparing an industrial camera with a dynamometer. The parameters acquired are diverse, and multiple evaluation parameters can be acquired in one cutting, thereby reducing the randomness that may occur in the judgment of a single parameter. The response speed is fast, and only the key frames of the crack point and the fracture point of the camera need to be manually judged, and the calculation is completed with the assistance of a computer.

(3) The present invention provides a method in which the straight-edge knife movement mechanism is realized by controlling the screw transmission through a stepping motor, the dynamometer mounting seat and the slider of the screw are fixed, the straight-edge knife clamping device and the dynamometer mounting seat are connected through a guide column, and the straight-edge knife and the straight-edge knife clamping device are manually adjusted and connected, which can ensure that the blade of the tested part of the straight-edge knife is perpendicular to the plane of the test table and cuts orthogonally to the cut material, thereby eliminating the damage that the impact stress may cause to the cutting edge of the straight-edge knife.

(4) In the method provided by the present invention, the movement mechanism of the cut material is realized by the transmission of the stepping motor control rod, the moving blocks of the material fixing frame and the control rod are fixed by bolts on both sides, the cut material is symmetrically placed on the material fixing frame along the center line of the movement mechanism of the cut material, the material pressing sheet is placed on the cut material and fixedly connected to the material fixing frame by bolts, which can ensure that the cut material is perpendicular to the blade of the straight blade knife at a fixed position. During the cutting process, the material pressing sheet and the cut material other than the pressing sheet are completely fixed, and only the material in the middle position is deformed due to the influence of the cutting force, thereby providing a basis for accurate analysis of sharpness.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a tool sharpness analysis platform for a straight-edge knife for ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the straight-edge knife clamping and the dynamometer position provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece clamping device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a method for analyzing the sharpness of a straight-edge tool for ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for processing pressure-displacement curve data provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Detailed ways

In the claims, description and the above-mentioned drawings of this specification, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the use of terms such as "first", "second" or "third" etc. are intended to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order.

In the claims, specification and the above-mentioned drawings of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of narrating this specification and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of this specification.

In the claims, description and the above drawings of this specification, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "fixed connection" and "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, that is, any connection method without any displacement relationship and relative rotation relationship between the two parties, that is to say, including non-detachable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection through other devices or elements.

In the claims, description and drawings of this specification, if the terms "include", "have" and their variations are used, they are intended to mean "including but not limited to".

As shown in Figures 1-3, a tool sharpness analysis platform for a straight-edge knife for ultrasonic processing of honeycomb materials is provided, the analysis platform comprising: a straight-edge knife motion mechanism 1, a straight-edge knife clamping device 14, a cut material motion mechanism 2, a material fixing frame 23, a laser tool setting device 4, a dynamometer 5 and an industrial camera 3;

The straight-edge knife clamping device 14 is arranged on the straight-edge knife motion mechanism 1, the straight-edge knife motion mechanism 1 drives the straight-edge knife to move at a low speed, the straight-edge knife clamping device 14 is on the slider of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism, the material fixing frame 23 is arranged on the moving block of the cut material motion mechanism 2, the cut material motion mechanism 2 drives to adjust the relative height between the straight-edge knife and the cutting material, the laser tool setting device 4 is fixed above the center line of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism, the dynamometer 5 is installed between the slider of the straight-edge knife motion mechanism 1 and the straight-edge knife clamping device 14, the industrial camera 13 is installed at the end of the cut material motion mechanism 2 and is perpendicular to the cutting surface, the dynamometer 5 and the industrial camera 3 are connected to the computer by signal, and the straight-edge knife motion mechanism 2, the laser tool setting device 4, the dynamometer 5 and the industrial camera 3 are independently powered;

As shown in Fig. 2, the tool movement mechanism 1 is realized by controlling the screw 12 through a stepping motor, the dynamometer mounting seat 13 is fixed to the slider of the screw 12, the tool clamping device 14 is connected to the dynamometer mounting seat 13 through a guide column, the straight blade handle 15 is fixed to the tool clamping device 14 circumferentially through a set screw, and the processing straight blade 11 is threadedly connected to the straight blade handle 15. With this structure, it can be ensured that the blade of the straight blade 11 is perpendicular to the plane of the test bench and cuts orthogonally to the material 21 to be cut.

As shown in Fig. 3, the cut material movement mechanism 2 is realized by the stepping motor control rod 22, the material fixing frame 23 (both sides) and the slider of the screw rod 22 are fixed by bolts, the cut material 21 is placed on the fixing frame 23 symmetrically along the length direction along the center line of the mechanism 2, and the material pressing sheet 24 is placed on the cut material 21 and fixedly connected to the fixing frame 23 by bolts. With this structure, it can be ensured that the cut material 21 is perpendicular to the blade of the straight blade knife 11 at the fixed position, and the material pressing sheet 24 and the cut material 21 outside the pressing sheet 24 are completely fixed during the cutting process, and only the material in the middle position is affected by the cutting force and deformed.

The stepper motors controlling the screw rods 12 and 22 are powered by an external power supply, and the movement of the stepper motors is controlled by a computer.

The industrial camera 3 is fixed on the top of the structure, located just above the contact position between the straight blade 11 and the cutting material 21, and the shooting direction is vertical to the cutting material 21 and downward. The industrial camera 3 is powered by a battery, and the captured images and videos are transmitted to the computer via a data cable.

The laser tool setting device 4 is fixed on the top of the structure, located on the center line of the tool movement mechanism 1, about 50 mm away from the industrial camera 3, and the laser direction is perpendicular to the cut material 21 downward. The laser tool setting device 4 is powered by a battery.

The dynamometer 5 is fixed to the dynamometer mounting seat 13, and the probe is in contact with the tool holding device 14. The dynamometer 5 is powered by an external power supply, and the mechanical signal is transmitted to the computer through the transmitter and the data line.

In this preferred embodiment, the hardness of the cut material 21 is Shore hardness 40A-70A, the thickness is between 2 mm and 10 mm, the length is between 50 mm and 100 mm, and the width is between 25 mm and 40 mm. Preferably, the feed speed of the cutter 11 during the cutting process is between 2 mm per minute and 10 mm per minute.

As shown in FIG1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife used in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials.

The material is clamped by the material fixing frame, and the height is adjusted by the moving mechanism of the material to be cut, so that the height of the material to be cut is level with the cutting height of the straight blade;

Calibrate the direction of the straight-edge knife blade by using a laser tool setting device 4;

The straight blade movement mechanism 1 enables the straight blade to cut the material at a constant speed, wherein the speed range is 2-10 mm/min;

The industrial camera 3 records the material process image to obtain the time point when the material crack occurs and completely breaks;

The force applied by the straight-edged knife during the material cutting process is recorded by the dynamometer 5;

The sharpness parameter index of the straight-edged knife is calculated.

As shown in Figure 4, the specific implementation method is as follows:

Step 1, workpiece clamping. Control the stepper motor of the cut material movement mechanism 2 so that the placement plane of the cut material fixing frame 23 is the same as the cutting height of the blade tip of the tool 11, so that the cut material 21 is symmetrically placed on the fixing frame 23 along the length direction and the center line of the mechanism 2. The material pressing sheet 24 is placed on the cut material 21 and fixedly connected to the fixing frame 23 by bolts, indicating that the material is tightened. Re-control the stepper motor of the cut material movement mechanism 2 to adjust the height of the material 21 so that it can be cut orthogonally to the specified position of the cutting edge of the tool 11.

Step 2, tool alignment. Control the stepper motor of the tool motion mechanism 1 so that the tool 11 is located at a predetermined position directly below the laser tool setting device 4. The straight-edge tool 11 is screwed to the tool handle 15, and the tool handle 15 can rotate freely in the tool clamping device 14. When the laser can cover both sides of the cutting edge of the straight-edge tool 11, the tool handle 15 is fixed in the tool clamping device 14 with a set screw, indicating that the tool setting is completed. Re-control the stepper motor of the tool motion mechanism 1 so that the blade is close to the material position, generally set to about 1 mm.

Step 3, tool cutting and data recording. The data acquisition channels of the industrial camera 3 and the dynamometer 5 are opened, and the stepper motor of the tool motion mechanism 1 is controlled to feed the cutting material 21 at a low speed until the material 21 is completely broken. After the feeding motion mechanism 1 stops, the cutting material 21 is removed and the feeding motion mechanism 1 is controlled to move in the reverse direction back to the original position, and the data acquisition channels of the industrial camera 3 and the dynamometer 5 are closed.

Step 4, data fusion processing. Observe the camera 3 frame by frame and record the moment when the cutting edge of the tool 11 contacts the cut material 21 as the camera zero point, the moment when the blade generates a destructive crack on the surface as the camera crack point, and the moment when the blade completely penetrates the cut material 21 as the camera break point. Take the previous data point when the dynamometer 5 displays a non-zero indication for the first time as the dynamometer zero point. Correspondingly, the crack generation point and break point of the dynamometer curve are obtained according to the camera crack generation point and break point.

Step 5, parameter calculation. As shown in FIG5 , the cutting depth when the surface cracks and fractures are generated is calculated according to the time of the crack generation point and the fracture point and the screw feed speed, as parameters d ₁ and d ₂ ; the maximum value of the dynamometer 5 reading before the crack generation point and the fracture point is used as parameters F _max1 and F _max2 ; the work done by the straight blade 11 when cutting to rupture and complete fracture is calculated according to the force measurement curves from zero point to the crack generation point and from zero point to the fracture point, as parameters W ₁ and W ₂ .

The specific formula is: Based on the force that changes over time during the straight-edge knife cutting process and the cutting depth when the crack is generated and fractured, the work required to generate the crack and the fracture work are calculated, specifically:

Among them, _d1 is the cutting depth during cracking, _{d2 is} the cutting depth during forging, F is the force that changes with time during the process of straight-edge knife cutting materials, _W1 is the work required to produce cracks, and _W2 is the work of fracture;

The sharpness of a straight-edge knife is calculated based on the cutting depth at the time of crack generation and fracture, as well as the work required to generate the crack and the work required to fracture. Specifically:

S = Index ₁ * Index ₂

Among them, Index ₁ represents the dimensionless parameter based on crack characterization of sharpness, Index ₂ represents the dimensionless parameter based on fracture characterization of sharpness, t is the thickness of the workpiece being cut, K is the fracture toughness of the material being cut, and S is the sharpness of the straight blade.

Generally, the test standard considers that the smaller the above parameters and the Index ₁ and Index ₂ parameters calculated by the above parameters are, the sharper the tool is.

The present invention provides a tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife for ultrasonic processing of honeycomb materials. The cutting direction is corrected by a laser tool setting device so that the straight-edge knife cuts the cut material orthogonally. The cut material movement mechanism adjusts the test height of the cut material. The dynamometer is installed between the feed structure and the straight-edge knife clamping device. The present invention can ensure the stability of the cutting angle between the cutting material and the workpiece, realize cutting under quasi-static parameters, and reduce the damage to the tool during the test process. In addition, the present invention can perform sharpness tests under different blade scales by changing the thickness of the cut material, and obtain the weak position information of the blade during the processing.

The method provided by the present invention is simple and convenient, and only needs to clamp the workpiece and the straight-blade knife in a single operation, and the blade test position is accurately controlled by a screw rod; the data is accurately acquired, and the zero point alignment is acquired by comparing an industrial camera with a dynamometer; the parameters are acquired in a variety of ways, and multiple evaluation parameters can be acquired in one cutting, thereby reducing the randomness that may occur in the judgment of a single parameter; the response speed is fast, and only the key frames of the crack points and the break points generated by the camera need to be manually judged, and the calculation is completed with the assistance of a computer.

The present invention provides a method, in which a straight-edge knife movement mechanism is realized by controlling a screw drive through a stepping motor, a dynamometer mounting seat and a slider of the screw are fixed, a straight-edge knife clamping device and the dynamometer mounting seat are connected through a guide column, and the straight-edge knife and the straight-edge knife clamping device are manually adjusted and connected, so as to ensure that the blade of the tested part of the straight-edge knife is perpendicular to the plane of the test table and cuts orthogonally to the cut material, thereby eliminating possible damage to the straight-edge knife edge caused by impact stress.

The method provided by the present invention is that the movement mechanism of the cut material is realized by the transmission of the stepping motor control rod, the moving blocks of the control rod on both sides of the material fixing frame are fixed by bolts, the cut material is symmetrically placed on the material fixing frame along the center line of the movement mechanism of the cut material, the material pressing sheet is placed on the cut material and is fixedly connected to the material fixing frame by bolts, which can ensure that the cut material is perpendicular to the blade of the straight blade knife at a fixed position, and the material pressing sheet and the cut material other than the pressing sheet are completely fixed during the cutting process, and only the material in the middle position is deformed due to the influence of the cutting force, thereby providing a basis for accurate analysis of sharpness.

The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edge knife used in ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials, characterized in that the method is applied on an analysis platform, wherein the analysis platform comprises: a straight-edge knife motion mechanism, a straight-edge knife clamping device, a cut material motion mechanism, a material fixing frame, a laser tool setting device, a dynamometer, and an industrial camera; The straight-blade knife clamping device is arranged on the straight-blade knife motion mechanism, the straight-blade knife motion mechanism drives the straight-blade knife to move at a low speed, the straight-blade knife clamping device is on the slider of the straight-blade knife motion mechanism, the material fixing frame is arranged on the moving block of the cut material motion mechanism, the cut material motion mechanism drives and adjusts the relative height between the straight-blade knife and the cutting material, the laser tool setting device is fixed above the center line of the straight-blade knife motion mechanism, the dynamometer is installed between the slider of the straight-blade knife motion mechanism and the straight-blade knife clamping device, the industrial camera is installed at the end of the cut material motion mechanism and is perpendicular to the cutting surface, the dynamometer and the industrial camera signals are connected to a computer, and the cut material motion mechanism, the laser tool setting device, the dynamometer and the industrial camera are independently powered; The material is clamped by the material fixing frame, and the height is adjusted by the material height adjustment mechanism so that the height of the cut material is level with the cutting height of the straight blade knife; Calibrate the direction of the straight-edge knife blade using a laser tool setting device; The straight blade movement mechanism enables the straight blade to cut the material at a constant speed, with a speed range of 2-10mm/min; The industrial camera records the material process image and obtains the time point when the material crack occurs and completely breaks; The force applied by the straight-edged knife during cutting of the material is recorded by a dynamometer; The sharpness characteristic parameters of the straight-edge knife are calculated; The straight-edge knife movement mechanism is realized by controlling the screw drive through a stepping motor, the dynamometer mounting seat is fixed to the slider of the screw, the straight-edge knife clamping device is connected to the dynamometer mounting seat through a guide column, and the straight-edge knife is manually adjusted and connected to the straight-edge knife clamping device; The movement mechanism of the cut material is realized by the stepping motor control rod transmission, the moving blocks of the control rod on both sides of the material fixing frame are fixed by bolts, the cut material is symmetrically placed on the material fixing frame along the center line of the movement mechanism of the cut material, the material pressing sheet is placed on the cut material, and is fixedly connected with the material fixing frame by bolts; The calculation to obtain the sharpness of the straight-edged knife specifically includes: The cutting depth at the time of cracking and breaking is calculated according to the time of crack generation and material breaking as well as the speed of the straight-edge knife; Based on the force of the straight-edge knife in cutting the material and the cutting depth when the crack is generated and fractured, the work required to generate the crack and the work of fracture are calculated; The sharpness of a straight-edged sword is calculated based on the cutting depth at crack and fracture, as well as the work required to produce the crack and the work required to fracture; The work required for cracking and fracture work are calculated based on the force applied during the material cutting process by the straight blade and the cutting depth when cracks are generated and completely fractured; Based on the time-varying stress of the straight-edge knife in cutting the material and the cutting depth at the time of cracking and fracture, the work required to generate cracks and the work required to fracture are calculated, specifically: Wherein, _d1 is the cutting depth when cracks are generated, _d2 is the cutting depth when fracture occurs, F is the force that changes with time during the process of straight-edge knife cutting materials, _W1 is the work required to generate cracks, and _W2 is the work required to fracture; The sharpness of a straight-edge knife is calculated based on the cutting depth when cracking and breaking occur, as well as the work required to crack and break, as follows: S = Index ₁ * Index ₂ Among them, Index ₁ represents the dimensionless parameter characterizing sharpness based on crack, Index ₁ represents the dimensionless parameter characterizing sharpness based on fracture, t is the thickness of the workpiece being cut, K is the fracture toughness of the material being cut, and S is the sharpness of the straight edge knife. 2. The tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edged knife for ultrasonic processing of honeycomb materials as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the slider and the clamping device of the straight-edged knife motion mechanism move linearly together, the slider movement range is 100-300 mm, the movement accuracy is not less than 0.02 mm, and the movement speed is not more than 10 mm per minute. 3. A tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edged knife for ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that the moving block of the cut material movement mechanism and the material fixing frame move linearly together, and the movement accuracy of the moving block is not less than 0.05 mm. 4. The tool sharpness analysis method for a straight-edged knife for ultrasonic machining of honeycomb materials as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the thickness of the cut material is between 2 mm and 10 mm, the length is between 50 mm and 100 mm, and the width is between 25 mm and 40 mm.