CN114928410B - Vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
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- H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device, which is input by electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying vortex microwave quanta with different Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). The system comprises a phase difference signal module, which is used for calculating the phase difference between electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying different OAM modes to generate a phase difference signal; the phase-shift control signal module converts the phase-difference signal into a control signal of the phase-shift module; the phase shifting module is used for shifting the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal according to the control signal; the signal gating module is used for performing gating keying control on the multi-path electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals after phase shifting; and the radiation module radiates the signals subjected to the gating keying, and radiates electromagnetic waves which propagate in a free space and carry different OAM modes at different times. The invention realizes the phase synchronization of electromagnetic waves of different OAM modes on electric field intensity signals, and is a key technology for realizing vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile internet technology, the demand for wireless communication has increased greatly. The wireless communication requires the use of certain spectrum resources. However, the spectrum resources are limited, and thus the spectrum resources are gradually becoming scarce. The contradiction of the rapidly increasing communication demands with the increasingly scarce spectrum resources is a major issue to be addressed.
Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is a physical property inherent to electromagnetic waves and has been widely studied in recent years. The vortex microwave quantum carried by the OAM mode in the electromagnetic wave is regarded as a new resource different from the electric field strength, and the different OAM modes carried by the vortex microwave quantum in the electromagnetic wave are utilized to replace the traditional electric field strength as the physical quantity for transmitting information, so that the limitation of the spectrum bandwidth of the traditional communication can be broken through, namely, the wireless communication can be performed by occupying very little spectrum bandwidth, thereby effectively relieving the contradiction of the shortage of the spectrum resource.
The core of the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication system is to form electromagnetic waves carrying vortex microwave quanta of different OAM modes, and synthesize the electromagnetic waves into a simple sine wave electromagnetic wave with continuous electric field intensity and phase on a time domain for radiation. The electromagnetic wave carries different OAM modes at different times, so that information transmission can be carried out by using different OAM modes to represent different symbols. In the process of forming the electromagnetic wave, because the electromagnetic wave carrying different OAM modes is not generated by the same source, different initial phases often exist, or phase drift can occur with the change of time, so that a phase difference exists, and the electromagnetic wave with continuous electric field intensity phase in a time domain cannot be formed. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the abscissa t is time, the ordinate E is the electric field intensity waveform amplitude, and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal carrying the OAM mode 1 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal carrying the OAM mode 0 have a phase difference therebetween, and cannot form an electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal having a continuous phase in the time domain. If the phase is discontinuous, the occupied spectrum bandwidth can be greatly increased, and the performance of the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication system is directly affected, as shown in fig. 2.
Additional measures are needed to make the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals with different OAM modes have the same phase, so that the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals formed by final combination have continuous phases, namely the phase synchronization provided by the invention. Because the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication system forms a brand new application scene, the phase synchronization in the traditional sense cannot be directly applied to the system, and a corresponding phase synchronization method is required to be provided for the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the requirements of an ultra-narrow band communication system of vortex microwave quanta, the invention provides a vortex microwave quanta ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device which can realize continuous phases of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying different OAM modes in a time domain so that the signals only occupy ultra-narrow spectrum bandwidth and achieve the purpose of saving spectrum resources.
The invention proposes the following method to solve the problem:
a vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device is used for carrying out synchronization processing on N paths of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying vortex microwave quanta with different OAM modes, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the N paths of input electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals comprise 1 reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal and N-1 to-be-synchronized OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals, the amplitudes and frequencies of the N paths of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals are consistent, the phases are different from the carried OAM modes,
the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device comprises N-1 phase synchronization units, wherein a reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal and each OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal to be synchronized are respectively combined and input into different phase synchronization units, any one phase synchronization unit comprises a phase difference signal module, a phase shift control signal module, a phase shift module and a signal gating module which are connected in sequence,
the phase difference signal module comprises a frequency mixing element and a filter which are connected in sequence, wherein the frequency mixing element is used for multiplying an OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal to be synchronized with a reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal to form a frequency mixing signal, and the filter is used for filtering high-frequency alternating current components in the frequency mixing signal to obtain a phase difference signal;
the phase-shift control signal module comprises a signal sampling module and a calculating module, wherein the signal sampling module is used for sampling and discretizing the phase-difference signal to form a discrete digital signal, and the calculating module calculates a phase difference value according to the discrete digital signal and outputs a corresponding multi-bit digital signal to the phase-shift module;
the phase shifting module shifts the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal of the OAM to be synchronized according to the multi-bit digital signal so as to synchronize the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal of the OAM to be synchronized with the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal of the reference OAM;
the signal gating module combines the phase-shifted OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal to be synchronized with the reference electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal through gating keying into a signal with continuous electric field intensity phase in the time domain.
Optionally, the device further comprises a radiation module, which is used for radiating the signals with continuous electric field intensity phases in the time domain into electromagnetic wave signals which propagate in space, and the electromagnetic wave signals carry different OAM modes at different moments.
Optionally, the signal obtained by multiplying the reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 and any OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal n to be synchronized by the mixing element is:
wherein,
s 0 (t) represents a reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal, s n (t) represents an electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal n of OAM to be synchronized, A represents an amplitude of the electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal ω c The angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal is represented, t represents time,indicating the initial phase of the electric field strength signal 0 of the reference electromagnetic wave, +.>Representing the initial phase of the electromagnetic field strength signal n to be synchronized.
Optionally, the nth path is filteredThe filter filters the AC componentThe latter signal is
Where B is the amplitude gain of the filter.
Alternatively, the discrete digital signal obtained by the signal sampling module is expressed as
β n (k)＝β n (kT sa )
Wherein beta is n (k) A kth sampling value T representing an nth filtered signal sa Representing the sampling period of the analog-to-digital converter.
Optionally, the calculating module calculates the phase difference value according to the discrete digital signalThe formula of (2) is:
where K is the number of sampling points used for calculation.
Optionally, the multi-bit digital signal generated by the phase-shift control signal module is output at a TTL level.
Optionally, the phase shifting module includes a digitally controlled phase shifter, and the electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal is phase-shifted under the control of the control signal, and the phase-shifted signal is expressed as
Electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal representing OAM mode n carried after phase shiftingNumber n, wherein->The reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal which does not need phase shifting is represented.
Optionally, the signal gating module comprises N multipliers, and the input of the multiplier N (N is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N-1) of the signal gating module isAnd pulse gating signal n, the signal after passing through multiplier n is
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofIs a pulse gating signal n, a nk Represents the kth symbol to be transmitted, a nk Takes a value of 0 or 1, and +.>g (t) is a rectangular pulse function, and specifically:
T s representing a symbol period of the transmission system;
the system also comprises a combiner for combining the total N paths of signals after passing through the multipliers to form electromagnetic wave signals with continuous electric field intensity and phase.
Optionally, the electromagnetic wave signal with continuous electric field intensity phase is expressed as:
compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that:
the invention discloses a vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication system, which is an effective measure for solving the contradiction between the communication demand and the shortage of frequency spectrum resources.
N electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals containing vortex microwave quanta of different modes are supported as input, N is an integer larger than 2, and phase synchronization of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals of the vortex microwave quanta is achieved.
The gating module and the radiation module can gate and combine the electric field intensity signals of different electromagnetic waves carrying different OAM modes to form electromagnetic waves carrying different OAM modes and having continuous electric field intensity phases, and radiate the electromagnetic waves.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying different OAM modes without synchronous processing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of frequency spectrums before and after phase synchronization according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band transmission communication system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of electromagnetic field strength signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of an OAM electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal to be synchronized before and after phase shifting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of a first pulse signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 (c) is a schematic diagram of a second pulse signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 (d) is a schematic waveform diagram of the electric field strength signal of the reference OAM electromagnetic wave according to the embodiment of the present invention after passing through the multiplier;
fig. 6 (e) is a schematic waveform diagram of an OAM electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal to be synchronized after phase shifting after passing through a multiplier in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 (f) is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic field intensity signals with continuous phases formed after combining according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, or combinations thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive in scope. Furthermore, in the present specification, the drawings are not drawn to scale, and like reference numerals denote like parts.
When the synchronous processing is not performed, the waveform schematic diagram of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying different OAM modes is shown in figure 1;
the comparison schematic diagram of the signal spectrum of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity carrying different OAM modes before and after the phase synchronization is shown in the figure 2;
as shown in fig. 3, in the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band transmission communication system, the vortex microwave quantum signal generating device generates electromagnetic wave signals containing vortex microwave quanta of different OAM modes, then phase synchronization is performed through the invention to form radiation electromagnetic waves containing different OAM modes and having continuous electric field intensity phase in the time domain, and the receiving end receives the electromagnetic wave signals through the vortex microwave quantum signal receiving and detecting device to detect the OAM modes, so as to realize communication.
The structure diagram of the invention is shown in fig. 4, and electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signals carrying vortex microwave quanta of different OAM modes are parallel passed through a phase difference signal module, a phase shift control signal module, a phase shift module and a signal gating module, so that electromagnetic waves with continuous waveform amplitude and phase in the time domain are finally formed.
The specific phase synchronization device structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and may be used to process 2 paths of electromagnetic wave signals carrying vortex microwave quanta of different OAM modes, so as to form electromagnetic waves with continuous waveform amplitude and phase in the time domain.
The electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 with the OAM mode being 0 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 with the OAM mode being 1 have the same amplitude and frequency, the OAM mode and the phase are different, and the signals are input into the vortex microwave quantum ultra-narrow band communication phase synchronization device. The electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 is used as a reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal, and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 is used as an OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal to be synchronized. The time domain expressions of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 are respectively:
wherein s is 0 (t) time domain expression of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0, s 1 (t) represents a time domain expression of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1, A represents the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal, ω c The angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal is represented, t represents time,represents the primary phase of electromagnetic field strength signal 0, < >>The initial phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field strength signal 1 is shown.
The electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 are multiplied by a mixer, and the signals after mixing multiplication can be expressed as:
the signal formed after the multiplication by mixing contains an alternating current componentAnd a direct current component->And the value of the direct current component is directly related to the phase difference of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1.
The mixed signal continues to pass through a low-pass filter, the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter is lower than the frequency of the alternating current component of the mixed signal, the alternating current component in the mixed signal is filtered out, the direct current component passes through the low-pass filter, and the signal after passing through the low-pass filter is:
where B is the amplitude gain of the filter.
The value of the signal β (t) indicates the magnitude of the phase difference between the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0, and is used as a phase difference signal.
The phase-shift control signal module comprises an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) and an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and the ADC is used for sampling the phase-difference signals to form discrete digital signals for the FPGA to process.
The discrete digital signal may be represented as
β(k)＝β(kT sa )
Where β (k) represents the kth sample value, T sa Then it is the sampling period of the ADC.
The discrete digital signal is used as the input of the FPGA, the FPGA can calculate and output the digital control signal of the digital phase shifter according to the discrete digital signal, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, beta (K) is a digital signal after ADC sampling and dispersing, K is the number of sampling points used for calculation, and the accuracy of calculation is improved by an averaging mode.
The calculation can be realized by writing corresponding calculation programs in the FPGA in advance, and the phase difference value is obtained by the internal calculation of the FPGAAnd then quantizing the digital phase shifter into M-bit discrete values, and outputting the M-bit discrete values by using an output port as TTL (transistor-transistor logic) level, wherein the TTL level is that +5V level is equivalent to logic '1', and 0V level is equivalent to logic '0', wherein M is related to the precision of the digital phase shifter and is the control bit number of the digital phase shifter.
The phase shifting module adopts a numerical control phase shifter, and then the numerical control phase shifter shifts the phase of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 according to a multi-bit TTL level control signal output by the FPGA, so that the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal has the same phase as the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0. The electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 after phase shift can be expressed as:
as shown in fig. 6 (a), the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 before and after the phase shift is shown by a broken line, which is the waveform of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 before the phase shift, and a solid line, which is the waveform of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 after the digital phase shifter. Ideally, the phase-shifted electromagnetic field intensity signal 1 is in phase with the input electromagnetic field intensity signal 0.
The signal gating module comprises a multiplier, a double-channel combiner, a pulse signal source and an inverter. The pulse signal source generates a first pulse signal, the formed first pulse signal is shown in fig. 6 (b), and the inverter is used for converting the first pulse signal into a second pulse signal with opposite phase, and the second pulse signal is shown in fig. 6 (c). The electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 is multiplied by the first pulse signal, the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 1 after phase shifting is multiplied by the second pulse signal, and the multiplied signal is
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRepresents the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal after phase shift, and +.>A reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal 0 which indicates that phase shifting is not required;
a nk represents the kth symbol to be transmitted, a nk Take a value of 0 or 1, andg (t) is a rectangular pulse function, and specifically:
T s representing a symbol period of the transmission system;
the waveform diagram of the reference OAM electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal after passing through the multiplier is shown in FIG. 6 (d)
The waveform diagram of the electric field strength signal of the OAM electromagnetic wave to be synchronized after phase shifting after passing through the multiplier is shown in FIG. 6 (e)
The two-channel combiner is used for combining the signals of 2 paths after being gated by the multiplier to form a signal waveform s (t) with continuous phases.
The schematic diagram of the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity signal with continuous phase formed after the combination is shown in fig. 6 (f).
The radiation module comprises an antenna, and electromagnetic wave signals which contain different OAM modes and have continuous phases are radiated into electromagnetic waves which propagate in space through the radiation module.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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