CN114916589A - Preparation method of nutritional functional powdered oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of nutritional functional powdered oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein, which comprises the steps of removing coat of walnuts, pulping and centrifuging to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase; freezing-unfreezing demulsification treatment is carried out on the obtained light phase, and walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate are obtained after centrifugal treatment; and then fully mixing the obtained phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate with at least one of embedding substances or ingredients, stirring and homogenizing, and then carrying out spray drying to obtain the powdered oil. Through the mode, the invention can efficiently utilize the lipid in the walnut under the condition of not using organic solvent and enzyme preparation, prepare natural, green and nutritional powder rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein, and simultaneously enable the powder to have better emulsibility and stability so as to meet the requirements of practical application, and play a positive role in the development of the large health field and the walnut industry.

Description

Preparation method of nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil lipid and protein processing, in particular to a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins.

Background technique

Powdered oil (non-dairy creamer) is widely used in milk tea, coffee mate, etc. However, the main raw materials of commonly used powder oils are: hydrogenated vegetable oil, protein (such as cow cheese protein), embedded wall material, edible flavor and so on. Among them, if hydrogenated vegetable oil is improperly processed, trans fatty acids will be generated, which poses a safety risk to human health. With the increasing willingness of consumers to eat healthy, natural and healthy powdered oils will be more and more favored by consumers and the market.

Among all kinds of natural raw materials rich in oil, walnut has received extensive attention for its high lipid content and high phospholipid content. Walnut kernels contain 65-70% lipids, and the fatty acids of lipids are mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, of which linoleic acid (ω-6 fatty acids) accounts for 50-70% of fatty acids, α-linolenic acid (ω-3 fatty acids) ) accounted for 5.5-18%. Moreover, walnut lipids exist in the state of oil storage organelles—oil bodies in walnut cells. They are natural spherical emulsified oil droplet particles whose inner core is triglyceride, and outer shell is phospholipid and membrane protein. Studies have shown that walnut phospholipids account for about 2.5% of the total lipids of walnuts, which is significantly larger than the proportion of peanut and almond phospholipids in total lipids. In addition, the high lipid content of walnuts makes walnuts a good source of phospholipids. Therefore, how to effectively utilize the phospholipids and membrane proteins in walnuts to prepare natural and healthy nutritional functional powder oils rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins has become an urgent problem to be solved.

At present, in addition to being mainly processed into nut products, walnuts are also used for processing into walnut oil. The main processing technology is cold pressing to obtain walnut oil and walnut meal. However, walnut meal is usually mixed with walnut coat fragments, resulting in poor appearance and taste. Generally, it is mainly used as feed. On the one hand, it causes the low value of walnut protein; on the other hand, walnut phospholipids also remain in the walnut meal, which also causes the waste of walnut phospholipids.

In order to improve the utilization rate of nutrients in walnuts, the patent with the application number of 201910878935.2 provides a preparation method of walnut protein powder with high protein content. The precipitation can be directly dried to obtain walnut protein powder with a dry basis protein content of more than 85%, and the light phase and the middle phase are mixed and formulated into walnut oil body related products. However, the light phase separated in this patent actually belongs to the oil body enrichment of walnut, and it is still necessary to further process it in order to enrich the phospholipids and membrane proteins contained in it, in order to prepare rich walnut phospholipids and Membrane protein nutritional functional powder oil provides the basis.

In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing walnut processing methods, and design a preparation method of nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the problem that walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins remain in the walnut meal and cannot achieve effective and high additional utilization during cold pressing of walnuts, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins. , by separating the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate from the light phase obtained after walnut decoating, pulping and centrifugation, while efficiently utilizing the lipids in walnut, a natural, green and nutritionally functional powder is prepared grease.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein, comprising the following steps:

S1, decoating the walnuts to obtain decoating walnut kernels;

S2, the described uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 are made into walnut pulp;

S3, the described walnut pulp obtained in step S2 is centrifuged to obtain light phase, intermediate phase and heavy phase;

S4, the described light phase obtained in step S3 is subjected to freeze-thaw demulsification treatment, and then centrifugal treatment is carried out to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate;

S5. The phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 is fully mixed with at least one of the embedded material or ingredients, stirred and homogenized, and spray-dried to obtain powdered oil.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, the embedded substance is a mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body prepared according to the intermediate phase obtained in step S3.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the mixture of the walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body is prepared by the following steps:

Using an acidic pH adjuster, the pH value of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 is adjusted to 4 to 5, and then centrifugation is performed to obtain a supernatant, a clear liquid and a precipitate;

The floating substance and the precipitate are fully mixed with a part of the clear liquid, and then the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5 by using an alkaline pH adjuster, and the walnut water-soluble protein and small-diameter oil body are obtained after stirring evenly. mixture.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the acidic pH adjuster includes one or more of citric acid, malic acid, and vitamin C, and the alkaline pH adjuster includes one or more of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, or two kinds.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment is -15--20 °C, and the freezing time is 72-90 h; the thawing temperature of the thawing treatment is 20-30 °C, and the thawing time is 6 to 8 hours.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, the ingredients include one or more of maltodextrin, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and edible essence.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the walnut pulp is obtained from the uncoated walnut kernels after adding water, refining and filtering in sequence.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, during the water addition treatment, the mass ratio of the uncoated walnuts to water is 1:3 to 6; the refining time is 1 to 3 minutes, and the water addition, The refining and filtration process is repeated 1 to 3 times.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the de-clothing treatment includes soaking the walnuts in water at 0-30° C. for 1-12 hours.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the centrifuge used in the centrifugal treatment is a three-phase centrifuge, or a horizontal screw centrifuge and a disc centrifuge connected in series, or a tubular centrifuge and a disc centrifuge connected in series centrifuge.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein provided by the present invention, after removing the coating, pulping, and centrifugation of the walnut, after obtaining the light phase, the middle phase and the heavy phase, by The light phase is subjected to freeze-thaw demulsification treatment and then to centrifugal treatment to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate. On this basis, the present invention uses the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate to prepare powdered oil rich in phospholipids and membrane proteins, which can not only improve the utilization efficiency of lipids in walnuts, but also make the high-content phospholipids in the powdered oil effectively improve its nutritional function. Moreover, the membrane protein can be used to make the powdered oil have excellent emulsifying properties, and the synergistic effect of the phospholipid and the membrane protein can also make the prepared powdered oil have high stability.

(2) The present invention further processes the intermediate phase obtained after walnut decoating, pulping and centrifugation, and separates walnut water-soluble protein and small-diameter oil body therefrom, and not only can utilize walnut water-soluble protein as a method for embedding The wall material of the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate can further improve the stability of powdered oil, and can basically realize the full utilization of walnut lipids through the reuse of small particle size oil bodies, effectively solving the existing cold pressing technology. It is difficult to achieve efficient utilization of various lipids in walnut.

(3) compared with the traditional walnut cold pressing process, the method provided by the invention can not only prepare high-quality walnut oil products, but also can effectively utilize the phospholipids and membrane proteins in the walnuts to prepare a walnut rich in phospholipids and membrane proteins. nutritional functional powder oil. Moreover, the preparation method provided by the present invention does not use any organic solvents and enzyme preparations, and can prepare all-plant-based powdered oils and fats, which have properties such as naturalness, greenness, nutritional functionality, etc., and can be applied to healthier milk tea, coffee mate and vegetable protein. In the production of beverages and other products, it has a positive effect on the development of the big health field and the walnut industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the physical picture of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein prepared in Example 2.

FIG. 2 is a physical diagram of the nutritional functional powder oil and fat rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins prepared in Example 4. FIG.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Here, it should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and the Invent other details that are less relevant.

In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also Also included are other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein, comprising the following steps:

S1, decoating the walnuts to obtain decoating walnut kernels;

S2, the described uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 are made into walnut pulp;

S3, the described walnut pulp obtained in step S2 is centrifuged to obtain light phase, intermediate phase and heavy phase;

S4, the described light phase obtained in step S3 is subjected to freeze-thaw demulsification treatment, and then centrifugal treatment is carried out to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate;

S5. The phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 is fully mixed with at least one of the embedded material or ingredients, stirred and homogenized, and spray-dried to obtain powdered oil.

More specifically, in step S1, the de-clothing treatment includes soaking the walnuts in water at 0-30° C. for 1-12 hours.

In step S2, the walnut pulp is obtained from the decoated walnut kernels by adding water, refining and filtering in sequence; wherein, during the water treatment, the mass ratio of the decoated walnuts to water is 1:3 ~6; the refining time is 1-3 min, and the water-adding, refining and filtering processes are repeated 1-3 times.

In step S3, the centrifuge used in the centrifugation is a three-phase centrifuge, or a horizontal screw centrifuge and a disc centrifuge in series, or a tubular centrifuge and a disc centrifuge in series.

In step S4, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment is -15--20 °C, and the freezing time is 72-90 h; the thawing temperature of the thawing treatment is 20-30 °C, and the thawing time is 6-8 h.

In step S5, the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate and the embedded material can be mixed, stirred, homogenized and spray-dried to prepare powder oil; the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate can also be mixed with the After the embedded material is mixed, stirred and homogenized, the ingredients are added, and after stirring evenly, the powdered oil is prepared by spray drying; the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate can also be stirred and homogenized, and then the ingredients are added, After stirring evenly, it is spray-dried to make powder grease.

Wherein, the embedded substance is a mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small-diameter oil bodies prepared according to the mesophase obtained in step S3, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

Using an acidic pH adjuster, the pH value of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 is adjusted to 4 to 5, and then centrifugation is performed to obtain a supernatant, a clear liquid and a precipitate;

The floating substance and the precipitate are fully mixed with a part of the clear liquid, and then the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5 by using an alkaline pH adjuster, and the walnut water-soluble protein and small-diameter oil body are obtained after stirring evenly. mixture.

Wherein, the acidic pH adjuster includes one or more of citric acid, malic acid, and vitamin C, and the alkaline pH adjuster includes one or two of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and sodium phosphate.

The ingredients include one or more of maltodextrin, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and edible essence.

The following describes the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins provided by the present invention in conjunction with specific examples and comparative examples.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, comprising the following steps:

S1. Soak 1 kg of walnuts in water at 4° C. for 12 hours, and remove the coats to obtain walnut kernels without coats.

S2, adding water to the gross weight of the uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 is 6kg, refining 2.5min, and filtering to obtain walnut pulp 1 and walnut residue 1; Add 4kg water to the walnut residue 1 again, refine 1min, filter Walnut pulp II and walnut residue II are obtained; walnut pulp I and walnut pulp II are combined to obtain walnut pulp.

S3, the walnut pulp obtained in step S2 is centrifuged, and centrifuged for 15 min under the condition of 4000 rpm to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase; wherein, the light phase is an oil body enrichment with a mass of 766g, and the solids in it The content is about 80%.

S4. After the light phase obtained in step S3 was frozen at -18°C for 72 hours, thawed at room temperature for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain 553 g of golden-yellow and clear walnuts Oil and 213g phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate. Conversion of the light phase (oil body enrichment) to a phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate was calculated to increase the concentration of phospholipids and membrane proteins by more than 9-fold.

S5, add water to the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4, after making the total weight reach 400g, homogenize at 20MPa for 2min; then add 68g maltodextrin and 0.35g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as ingredients, stir After 30 minutes, spray drying was performed, and the inlet air temperature of the spray drying process was set to 170° C. and the outlet air temperature was 80° C. to obtain nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins.

The powdered oil prepared in this example is white and has a light smell. It can be stirred in water for 10-15s to form a homogeneous system, with excellent dispersibility, and there is no floating matter and precipitation after standing for 1 hour, and has high stability. After being stored at room temperature for 4 months, there is no change in the smell, and there is no bad smell.

And, the acid value of the walnut oil obtained in the present embodiment step S4 is 0.1mgKOH/g, and the peroxide value is 0.08g/100g, which meets the requirements and According to the requirements of the group standard "T/CCOA2-2019 Special Grade Walnut Oil", the quality of the above walnut oil is good.

Therefore, the preparation method provided in this example can not only prepare walnut oil with good quality, but also prepare a natural, green, nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein with good emulsification and stability. .

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, comprising the following steps:

S1. Place 200 g of walnuts in water, soak them at room temperature for 6 hours, and remove the coats to obtain uncoated walnut kernels.

S2, adding water to the uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 to a total weight of 1200g, grinding for 2.5min, and filtering to obtain walnut pulp I and walnut residue I; then add 800g of water to the walnut residue I, grinding for 1min, filtering Walnut pulp II and walnut residue II are obtained; walnut pulp I and walnut pulp II are combined to obtain walnut pulp.

S3, centrifuging the walnut pulp obtained in step S2, and centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase.

S4. After the light phase obtained in step S3 was frozen at -18°C for 72 hours, thawed at room temperature for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain 114 g of walnut oil and 42 g of phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate.

S5, using food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 to 4.5, and then performing centrifugation at 6000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain supernatant, supernatant and sediment. The supernatant and the precipitation are mixed with part of the supernatant, so that the total weight of the mixture is 50 g, and the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.2 by using dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to obtain a mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body, which is obtained as step S4. phospholipid-membrane protein concentrates.

S6. Mix the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 and the embedded material obtained in step S5, homogenize at 20 MPa for 2 min to obtain a uniform mixture, and then spray-dry it. The air inlet temperature of the spray-drying process is set to be 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein is obtained.

The physical map of the powdered grease prepared in this example is shown in Figure 1 . The product is a light brown powder with a light walnut fragrance. The storage experiment was carried out at room temperature. After 4 weeks, the powder had no rancidity phenomenon, the product was stable, and it could continue to be stored. After the product is homogenized in a beating machine, it is uniformly dispersed, and after standing for 1 hour, there is no precipitation and floating matter, and it has high stability. At the same time, the walnut oil obtained in step S4 of the present embodiment also meets the corresponding standard and has good quality.

In this example, by treating the intermediate phase to separate the walnut water-soluble protein and the oil body with small particle size, not only can the walnut water-soluble protein be used as the wall material for embedding the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate, but also Improve the stability of powdered oils and fats, and can basically realize the full utilization of walnut lipids through the reuse of small particle size oil bodies, effectively solving the problem that the existing cold pressing technology is difficult to achieve various lipids in walnuts. problem of efficient use.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, comprising the following steps:

S1. Place 1kg of walnuts in water, soak them at room temperature for 6h, and remove the coats to obtain uncoated walnut kernels.

S2, adding water to the gross weight of the uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 is 5kg, refining 2.5min, and filtering to obtain walnut pulp 1 and walnut residue 1; Add 2kg water to the walnut residue 1 again, refining 1min, filtering Obtain walnut pulp II and walnut residue II; then add 2kg of water to walnut residue II, refine 1min, filter to obtain walnut pulp III and walnut residue III; combine walnut pulp I, walnut pulp II and walnut pulp III to obtain walnut pulp .

S3, centrifuging the walnut pulp obtained in step S2, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase.

S4. After the light phase obtained in step S3 was frozen at -20°C for 72 hours, thawed at room temperature for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate .

S5, using vitamin C to adjust the pH of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 to 4.5, and then performing centrifugation, centrifuging at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes, to obtain a supernatant, a supernatant and a precipitate. The supernatant and the precipitation are mixed with part of the supernatant, so that the total weight of the mixture is 300 g, and the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.3 by using dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to obtain a mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body, which is obtained as step S4. phospholipid-membrane protein concentrates.

S6. Mix the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 and the embedded material obtained in step S5, homogenize at 20 MPa for 2 min, divide into three equal portions, add 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g of maltodextrin respectively, and stir for 30 min Then, spray drying was performed, and the inlet air temperature of the spray drying process was set to 170° C. and the outlet air temperature was 80° C. to obtain three nutritional functional powder oils rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins.

Comparing the three parts of powdered oils with different maltodextrin contents prepared in this example, it can be seen that with the increase of the added amount of maltodextrin, the obtained product becomes whiter and whiter, the walnut fragrance becomes lighter and lighter, and the dispersibility becomes more and more it is good. The three parts of the powdered oil prepared in this example were placed in a storage experiment at room temperature. After 4 weeks, the powder had no rancidity phenomenon, and the product was stable, and the storage could be continued. After homogenizing the three products in a beating machine, they were uniformly dispersed, and after standing for 1 hour, there was no precipitation and floating matter, and all showed high stability. At the same time, the walnut oil obtained in step S4 of the present embodiment also meets the corresponding standard and has good quality.

Example 4

The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, comprising the following steps:

S1. Place 200 g of walnuts in water, soak them at room temperature for 4 hours, and remove the coats to obtain uncoated walnut kernels.

S2, adding water to the uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 to a total weight of 600g, grinding for 2min, and filtering to obtain walnut pulp I and walnut residue I; then add 400g of water to the walnut residue I, grinding for 2min, and filtering to obtain Walnut pulp II and walnut pulp II; walnut pulp I and walnut pulp II are combined to obtain walnut pulp.

S3, centrifuging the walnut pulp obtained in step S2, and centrifuging at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase.

S4. After the light phase obtained in step S3 was frozen at -18°C for 90 hours, thawed at room temperature for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate .

S5, using food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 to 4.5, and then performing centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain supernatant, supernatant and sediment. The supernatant and the precipitation are mixed with part of the supernatant, so that the total weight of the mixture is 50 g, and the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 7.2 by using dipotassium hydrogen phosphate to obtain a mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body, which is obtained as step S4. phospholipid-membrane protein concentrates.

S6. Mix the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 and the embedded material obtained in step S5, add 0.3% vanilla essence, homogenize at 20MPa for 2min, then add 8g maltodextrin, stir for 30min, Carry out spray drying, set the inlet air temperature of the spray drying process to be 170° C. and the outlet air temperature to be 80° C. to obtain nutritional functional powder oils rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins.

The physical map of the powdered grease prepared in this example is shown in FIG. 2 . The product has a pleasant vanilla flavor thanks to the added vanilla flavor. The storage experiment was carried out at room temperature. After 4 weeks, the powder had no rancidity phenomenon, the product was stable, and it could continue to be stored. After the product is homogenized in a beating machine, it is uniformly dispersed, and after standing for 1 hour, there is no precipitation and floating matter, and it has high stability. At the same time, the walnut oil obtained in step S4 of the present embodiment also meets the corresponding standard and has good quality.

Comparative Example 1

This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of powdered grease, comprising the following steps:

S1, prepare phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate according to the method in Example 2;

S2, adding water to the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S1 to make the total weight 80 g, without adding any other ingredients, and homogenizing at 20 MPa for 2 min to obtain a mixture;

S3, spray-drying the mixture obtained in step S2, setting the inlet air temperature of the spray drying process to 170°C and the outlet air temperature to 80°C to obtain powdered grease.

The powdered oil prepared in this comparative example was in semi-solid state, with obvious oil separation; after being placed at room temperature for 2 days, there was a clear smell of hay.

Comparative Example 2

This comparative example provides a kind of preparation method of powdered grease, comprising the following steps:

S1, prepare phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate according to the method in Example 2;

S2. Add water to the phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S1 to make the total weight 80 g, homogenize at 20 MPa for 2 min, then add 8 g β-cyclodextrin and 2.4 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, stir for 30 min to obtain a mixture ;

S3, spray-drying the mixture obtained in step S2, setting the inlet air temperature of the spray drying process to 170°C and the outlet air temperature to 80°C to obtain powdered grease.

The powdered oil obtained in this comparative example is a white powder with fine powder and a faint walnut fragrance. However, after being stored at room temperature for 18 days, a bad smell appeared.

It can be seen from the comparison between Comparative Examples 1-2 and Example 2 that in Example 2, by separating the walnut water-soluble protein and the small-diameter oil body from the intermediate phase, not only the utilization rate of the walnut lipids can be effectively improved, but the basic realization of The full utilization of walnut lipids can also use walnut water-soluble protein as a wall material for embedding phospholipid-membrane protein concentrates, improve the stability of powdered oils and fats, and effectively extend the shelf life of powdered oils and fats.

To sum up, the present invention provides a method for preparing a nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, including decoating, pulping and centrifugation of walnut to obtain a light phase, an intermediate phase and a heavy phase. Then freeze-thaw demulsification treatment is carried out to the obtained light phase, and after centrifugation, walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate are obtained; then the obtained phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate and the entrapped matter or at least the ingredients in the ingredients are obtained. One is fully mixed, stirred and homogenized to obtain powdered oil and grease after spray drying. Through the above method, the present invention can efficiently utilize the lipids in walnut without using organic solvents and enzyme preparations, and prepare a natural, green and nutritionally functional powder rich in walnut phospholipids and membrane proteins, At the same time, it has good emulsification and stability to meet the needs of practical applications, and play a positive role in the development of the big health field and the walnut industry.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method that is rich in the nutritional functional powder oil of walnut phospholipid and membrane protein, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1, decoating the walnuts to obtain decoating walnut kernels; S2, the described uncoated walnut kernels obtained in step S1 are made into walnut pulp; S3, the described walnut pulp obtained in step S2 is centrifuged to obtain light phase, intermediate phase and heavy phase; S4, the described light phase obtained in step S3 is subjected to freeze-thaw demulsification treatment, and then centrifugal treatment is carried out to obtain walnut oil and phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate; S5. The phospholipid-membrane protein concentrate obtained in step S4 is fully mixed with at least one of the embedded material or ingredients, stirred and homogenized, and spray-dried to obtain powdered oil. 2. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S5, described embedding is the described mesophase obtained according to step S3 Prepared mixture of walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil bodies. 3. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil that is rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the mixture of described walnut water-soluble protein and small particle size oil body adopts the following steps to prepare: Using an acidic pH adjuster, the pH value of the intermediate phase obtained in step S3 is adjusted to 4 to 5, and then centrifugation is performed to obtain a supernatant, a clear liquid and a precipitate; The floating substance and the precipitate are fully mixed with a part of the clear liquid, and then the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5 by using an alkaline pH adjuster, and the walnut water-soluble protein and small-diameter oil body are obtained after stirring evenly. mixture. 4. the preparation method of the nutritious functional powder oil that is rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described acidic pH adjuster comprises a kind of in citric acid, malic acid, vitamin C or Various, the alkaline pH adjuster includes one or both of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and sodium phosphate. 5. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S4, the freezing temperature of described freezing treatment is-15～-20 ℃, The freezing time is 72-90 hours; the thawing temperature of the thawing treatment is 20-30° C., and the thawing time is 6-8 hours. 6. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S5, described batching comprises maltodextrin, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, edible essence one or more of. 7. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil that is rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S2, described walnut pulp is successively through adding water, It is obtained after refining and filtering. 8. the preparation method of the nutritive functional powder oil and fat that is rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in step S2, during described adding water treatment, the quality of described uncoated walnut and water The ratio is 1:3-6; the refining time is 1-3 min, and the process of adding water, refining and filtering is repeated 1-3 times. 9. The preparation method of the nutritional functional powder oil rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the decoating treatment comprises placing the walnut at a temperature of 0-30°C Soak in water for 1 to 12 hours. 10. the preparation method of the nutritional functional powder grease rich in walnut phospholipid and membrane protein according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S3, the centrifuge adopted during the described centrifugal treatment is a three-phase centrifuge, Or tandem decanter centrifuges and disc centrifuges, or tandem tube centrifuges and disc centrifuges.

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