CN114911067A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a display device, comprising a display panel, a first polarization switching structure, a penetrating layer, a second polarization switching structure and a lens layer. The first polarization switching structure overlaps the display panel. The transmissive layer includes a first birefringent material, and the transmissive layer has a first optical axis. The transmission layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure. The lens layer includes a second birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis. The display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the penetrating layer, the second polarization switching structure and the lens layer are arranged in sequence along the first direction, wherein the first optical axis and the first direction have a first included angle, and the second optical axis There is a second included angle with the first direction.

Description

display device

technical field

The present invention relates to a display device.

Background technique

3D display technology has been the focus of many display manufacturers. Compared with 2D images, 3D images are easier to enhance the user's sense of immersion, allowing users to feel like they are in the real world. Integrated imaging display (integral imaging display) is a true stereoscopic display technology using a micro lens array (Micro lens array). The integrated image has the advantages of full parallax, continuous viewpoints, and low visual fatigue. Therefore, it is currently regarded as an important next-generation 3D display technology. Generally speaking, the microlens has a fixed depth of field (Depth Of Field), and the integrated image display can only form a clear image within a range near a central depth plane (Central Depth. Plane, CDP).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a display device, which improves the problem of unclear picture due to too small depth of field range.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device. The display device includes a display panel, a first polarization switching structure, a transmission layer, a second polarization switching structure, and a lens layer. The first polarization switching structure overlaps the display panel. The transmissive layer includes a first birefringent material, and the transmissive layer has a first optical axis. The penetrating layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure. The lens layer includes a second birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis. The display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the penetrating layer, the second polarization switching structure and the lens layer are arranged in sequence along the first direction, wherein the first optical axis and the first direction have a first included angle, and the second optical axis There is a second included angle with the first direction.

Description of drawings

1A to 1D are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in different operation modes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Symbol Description

10: Display device

100: Display panel

200: The first polarization switching structure

300: Penetration layer

400: Second Polarization Switching Structure

500: Lens Layer

510: Liquid crystal molecules

AL1: The first alignment layer

AL2: Second alignment layer

BL: Backlight Module

BP1: first buffer layer

BP2: Second buffer layer

CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4: Center Depth Plane

D1: first direction

E1: The first electrode

E2: Second electrode

L: light

LC: first liquid crystal layer

LCP: LCD Panel

LCP1, LCP2: Polarization Switching Structure

LEDS: Light Emitting Diode Display Panel

OA1: The first optical axis

OA2: Second optical axis

P0: Polarization direction

P1: first polarization direction

P2: Second polarization direction

P3: The third polarization direction

P4: Fourth polarization direction

PL1: The first polarizer

PL2: Second polarizer

SB1: The first substrate

SB2: Second substrate

W1,W2: Thickness

θ1: The first included angle

θ2: Second included angle

Detailed ways

1A to 1D are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device in different operation modes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1A to 1D , the display device 10 includes a display panel 100 , a first polarization switching structure 200 , a transmission layer 300 , a second polarization switching structure 400 and a lens layer 500 . The display panel 100 , the first polarization switching structure 200 , the transmissive layer 300 , the second polarization switching structure 400 and the lens layer 500 are arranged in sequence along the first direction D1 .

The display panel 100 is, for example, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, a liquid crystal display panel, or other forms of display panels. The light emitting surface of the display panel 100 faces the first polarization switching structure 200 . In the embodiments of FIGS. 1A to 1D , the display panel 100 emits light L toward the first polarization switching structure 200 . In this embodiment, the display panel 100 is configured to emit light L having a polarization direction P0. In some embodiments, the display panel 100 is a liquid crystal display panel, and the display panel 100 includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizer. In some embodiments, the display panel 100 is an organic light emitting diode display panel (or a micro light emitting diode display panel), and the display panel 100 includes an organic light emitting diode panel (or a micro light emitting diode panel) and a polarizer.

The first polarization switching structure 200 overlaps the display panel 100 . In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 includes a liquid crystal panel or other structures that can change the polarization direction of light.

The first polarization switching structure 200 is configured to switch the polarization direction of light. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 has a first operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C ) and a second operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1D ). In the first operation mode, the first polarization switching structure 200 may allow light with the first polarization direction P1 to pass therethrough or the first polarization switching structure 200 converts light with other polarization directions into light with the first polarization direction P1. In the second operation mode, the first polarization switching structure 200 can pass light with the second polarization direction P2 or the first polarization switching structure 200 can convert light with other polarization directions into light with the second polarization direction P2. In other words, the first polarization switching structure 200 is configured to pass light with the first polarization direction P1 (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C ) or pass light with the second polarization direction P2 (as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C ) 1D). In some embodiments, the first polarization direction P1 and the second polarization direction P2 are perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light L (eg, the first direction D1 ). The first polarization direction P1 is orthogonal to the second polarization direction P2. In FIGS. 1A to 1D , the first polarization direction P1 is a longitudinal direction, and the second polarization direction P2 is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first polarization direction P1 and the second polarization direction P2 include other directions. In some embodiments, the polarization direction P0 is equal to the first polarization direction P1 or the second polarization direction P2.

The transmissive layer 300 overlaps the first polarization switching structure 200 . The transmissive layer 300 includes a first birefringent material. In some embodiments, the first birefringent material includes calcite, quartz, or other birefringent material. The transmissive layer 300 has a fixed first optical axis OA1. In some embodiments, the first optical axis OA1 and the traveling direction of the light (eg, the first direction D1 ) have a first included angle θ1 , and the first included angle θ1 is, for example, 44 degrees to 46 degrees, such as 45 degrees. In some embodiments, the first optical axis OA1, the traveling direction of the light (eg, the first direction D1), and the first polarization direction P1 are located in the same plane, and the second polarization direction P2 is not parallel to the same plane (eg, perpendicular to the same plane) in the same plane as above).

In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operation mode (as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1C ), and the light passing through the transmissive layer 300 has a first polarization direction P1 . The light having the first polarization direction P1 may be referred to as extraordinary ray in the transmissive layer 300 , wherein the refractive index of the aforementioned extraordinary light in the transmissive layer 300 is n _e1 .

In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operation mode (as shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 1D ), and the light passing through the transmissive layer 300 has a second polarization direction P2 . The light having the second polarization direction P2 may be called ordinary ray in the transmission layer 300 , and the refractive index of the aforementioned ordinary ray in the transmission layer 300 is n _o1 .

The refractive index n _o1 is different from the refractive index n _e1 . Therefore, by switching the first polarization switching structure 200 , the light passing through the penetrating layer 300 has different traveling paths in the penetrating layer 300 , thereby substantially changing The travel distance of light from the display panel 100 to the lens layer 500 (also referred to as the object distance). In some embodiments, the thickness W1 of the penetration layer 300 is 4 mm to 5 mm.

The second polarization switching structure 400 overlaps the transmissive layer 300 . The transmissive layer 300 is located between the first polarization switching structure 200 and the second polarization switching structure 400 . In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 includes a liquid crystal panel or other structures that can change the polarization direction of light.

The second polarization switching structure 400 is configured to switch the polarization direction of light. For example, the second polarization switching structure 400 has a third operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B ) and a fourth operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D ). In the third operation mode, the second polarization switching structure 400 may allow light with the third polarization direction P3 to pass through or the second polarization switching structure 400 may convert light with other polarization directions into light with the third polarization direction P3. In the fourth operation mode, the second polarization switching structure 400 may allow light with the fourth polarization direction P4 to pass therethrough or the second polarization switching structure 400 may convert light with other polarization directions into light with the fourth polarization direction P4. In other words, the second polarization switching structure 400 is configured to pass the light having the third polarization direction P3 (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B ) or to pass the light having the fourth polarization direction P4 (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1B ) 1D). In some embodiments, the third polarization direction P3 and the fourth polarization direction P4 are perpendicular to the first direction D1. The third polarization direction P3 is orthogonal to the fourth polarization direction P4. In FIGS. 1A to 1D , the third polarization direction P3 is parallel to the first polarization direction P1 , and the fourth polarization direction P4 is parallel to the second polarization direction P2 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the third polarization direction P3 and the fourth polarization direction P4 include other directions.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the second polarization switching structure 400 and the thickness of the first polarization switching structure 200 are smaller than the thickness W1 of the transmissive layer 300 , but the invention is not limited thereto.

The lens layer 500 overlaps the second polarization switching structure 400 . The lens layer 500 includes a second birefringent material. In some embodiments, the second birefringent material includes liquid crystal or other birefringent material. The lens layer 500 has a fixed second optical axis OA2. In some embodiments, the lens layer 500 includes a plurality of immobilized liquid crystal molecules 510 . The liquid crystal molecules 510 are aligned to have a fixed orientation. In some embodiments, an alignment layer (not shown) is further included between the lens layer 500 and the second polarization switching structure 400 , but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 510 are substantially parallel to the second optical axis OA2.

In some embodiments, the second optical axis OA2 and the first direction D1 have a first included angle θ2, and the second included angle θ2 is, for example, 90 degrees. In some embodiments, the second optical axis OA2, the first direction D1, and the third polarization direction P3 are located on the same plane, and the fourth polarization direction P4 is not parallel to the same plane (eg, perpendicular to the same plane).

In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 is in a third operation mode (as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B ), and the light passing through the lens layer 500 has a third polarization direction P3 . The light having the third polarization direction P3 may be called extraordinary ray in the lens layer 500 , and the refractive index of the aforementioned extraordinary light in the lens layer 500 is _ne2 .

In some embodiments, the second polarization switching structure 400 is in a fourth operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 1C and 1D ), and light passing through the lens layer 500 has a fourth polarization direction P4 . The light having the fourth polarization direction P4 may be called ordinary ray in the lens layer 500 , and the refractive index of the aforementioned ordinary ray in the lens layer 500 is n _o2 .

The refractive index n _o2 is different from the refractive index _ne2 , therefore, the focal length of the lens layer 500 for light can be substantially changed by switching the second polarization switching structure 400 . In other words, the lens layer 500 has different focal points for light with different polarization directions. In some embodiments, the thickness W2 of the lens layer 500 is less than the thickness W1 of the transmissive layer 300 . In some embodiments, the thickness W2 of the lens layer 500 is 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

In this embodiment, the display device 10 may have a plurality of center depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4. The positions of the central depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4 are different from each other.

As shown in FIG. 1A , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the third operation mode, the display device 10 has a center depth plane CDP1 . At this time, the image imaged near the central depth plane CDP1 can be relatively clear.

As shown in FIG. 1B , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the third operation mode, the display device 10 has a center depth plane CDP2 . At this time, the image imaged near the central depth plane CDP2 can be relatively clear.

As shown in FIG. 1C , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the first operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the fourth operation mode, the display device 10 has a center depth plane CDP3 . At this time, the image imaged near the central depth plane CDP3 can be relatively clear.

As shown in FIG. 1D , when the first polarization switching structure 200 is in the second operation mode and the second polarization switching structure 400 is in the fourth operation mode, the display device 10 has a center depth plane CDP4 . At this time, the image imaged near the central depth plane CDP4 can be relatively clear.

Based on the above, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 are switched so that the display device 10 can have different center depth planes CDP1, CDP2, CDP3, CDP4, thereby improving the problem that the depth of field range is too small. The problem of unclear picture. In some embodiments, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 are switched by timing design, so that the center depth planes CDP1 , CDP2 , CDP3 , and CDP4 of the display device 10 can be quickly switched.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 .

Please refer to FIG. 2 , the polarization switching structure LCP1 includes a first substrate SB1 , a second substrate SB2 , a first liquid crystal layer LC, a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 . In some embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 further includes a first alignment layer AL1 and a second alignment layer AL2.

The first liquid crystal layer LC, the first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1 and the second alignment layer AL2 are located between the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2. The first electrode E1 and the first alignment layer AL1 are formed on the first substrate SB1, and the second electrode E2 and the second alignment layer AL2 are formed on the second substrate SB2. The direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the vertical electric field between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thereby changing the polarization direction of the light.

In this embodiment, the polarization switching structure LCP1 is a twisted nematic (TN) type liquid crystal panel, but the invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 is a vertical alignment (VA) type liquid crystal panel, a fringe field switching (FFS) type liquid crystal panel, and an in-plane switching (In-Plane Switching, IPS) type liquid crystal panel Or a high-definition viewing angle technology (Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle, AHVA) type LCD panel.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarization switching structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. For example, the first polarization switching structure 200 and/or the second polarization switching structure 400 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 , the polarization switching structure LCP2 includes a first substrate SB1 , a second substrate SB2 , a first liquid crystal layer LC, a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2 . In some embodiments, the polarization switching structure LCP1 further includes a first alignment layer AL1, a second alignment layer AL2, a first buffer layer BP1, and a second buffer layer BP2.

The first liquid crystal layer LC, the first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1, the second alignment layer AL2, the first buffer layer BP1 and the second buffer layer BP2 are located between the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2 between. The first electrode E1, the second electrode E2, the first alignment layer AL1, the first buffer layer BP1 and the second buffer layer BP2 are formed on the first substrate SB1, and the second alignment layer AL2 is formed on the second substrate SB2. The direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the transverse electric field between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2, thereby changing the polarization direction of the light.

In this embodiment, the polarization switching structure LCP2 is an in-plane switching (In-Plane Switching, IPS) type liquid crystal panel.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the display panel 100 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the display panel 100A of FIG. 4 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , the display panel 100A includes a backlight module BL, a first polarizer PL1 , a liquid crystal panel LCP, and a second polarizer PL2 that are overlapped with each other. In some embodiments, the liquid crystal panel LCP is located between the backlight module BL and the first polarization switching structure (please refer to FIG. 1A to FIG. 1D ).

The liquid crystal panel LCP may be any form of liquid crystal panel. In this embodiment, the first polarizer PL1 and the second polarizer PL2 are disposed outside the liquid crystal panel LCP, but the invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the first polarizer PL1 and the second polarizer PL2 are disposed in the liquid crystal panel LCP.

In some embodiments, the liquid crystal panel LCP of the display panel 100A and the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 or the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 include similar structures, wherein the polarization switching structure LCP1 of FIG. 2 and the polarization switching structure LCP2 of FIG. 3 include similar structures. Polarizers are not included.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the display panel 100 of FIGS. 1A to 1D may be the display panel 100B of FIG. 5 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , the display panel 100B includes a light emitting diode display panel LEDS and a first polarizer PL1 overlapping each other. In some embodiments, the first polarizer PL1 is located between the light emitting diode display panel LEDS and the first polarization switching structure (please refer to FIG. 1A to FIG. 1D ).

In this embodiment, the light emitting diode display panel LEDS is a miniature light emitting diode display panel, but the invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the light emitting diode display panel LEDS is an organic light emitting diode display panel.

Claims (15)

1. A display device comprising: display panel; a first polarization switching structure overlapping the display panel; a penetrating layer, wherein the penetrating layer includes a first birefringent material, and the penetrating layer has a first optical axis; a second polarization switching structure, wherein the penetrating layer is located between the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure; and a lens layer, wherein the lens layer includes a second birefringent material, and the lens layer has a second optical axis, wherein the display panel, the first polarization switching structure, the penetrating layer, the second polarization switching structure, and the lens The layers are sequentially arranged along a first direction, wherein the first optical axis has a first included angle with the first direction, and the second optical axis has a second included angle with the first direction. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the second birefringent material comprises liquid crystal. 3. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first included angle is 44 degrees to 46 degrees, and the second included angle is 90 degrees. 4. The display device of claim 1, wherein the display panel is configured to emit light having a polarization direction. 5. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first polarization switching structure is configured to pass light having a first polarization direction or to pass light having a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization directions are orthogonal in the second polarization direction. 6. The display device of claim 5, wherein the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to the first direction. 7. The display device of claim 5, wherein the first optical axis, the first direction and the first polarization direction are located in the same plane, and the second polarization direction is not parallel to the same plane. 8. The display device of claim 5, wherein the second polarization switching structure is configured to pass light having a third polarization direction or to pass light having a fourth polarization direction, wherein the third polarization directions are orthogonal in the fourth polarization direction. 9. The display device of claim 8, wherein the third polarization direction and the fourth polarization direction are perpendicular to the first direction. 10. The display device of claim 8, wherein the second optical axis, the first direction and the third polarization direction are located in the same plane, and the fourth polarization direction is not parallel to the same plane. 11. The display device of claim 8, wherein the third polarization direction is parallel to the first polarization direction, and the fourth polarization direction is parallel to the second polarization direction. 12. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first polarization switching structure and the second polarization switching structure each comprise a first substrate, a second substrate, a first liquid crystal layer, a first electrode, and a second electrode, wherein The first liquid crystal layer, the first electrode and the second electrode are located between the first substrate and the second substrate. 13. The display device of claim 1, wherein the transmissive layer comprises calcite or quartz. 14. The display device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the penetration layer is 4 mm to 5 mm. 15. The display device of claim 1, wherein thicknesses of the second polarization switching structure and thicknesses of the first polarization switching structure are smaller than thicknesses of the transmissive layer.

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