CN114910044B - A method for measuring deformation of bending members and a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device - Google Patents
A method for measuring deformation of bending members and a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114910044B CN114910044B CN202210345467.4A CN202210345467A CN114910044B CN 114910044 B CN114910044 B CN 114910044B CN 202210345467 A CN202210345467 A CN 202210345467A CN 114910044 B CN114910044 B CN 114910044B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring technology, and provides a measuring method of deformation of a flexural member and a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, wherein the measuring method is suitable for deformation measurement of the flexural member of a homogeneous material, and comprises the following steps: (1) Placing positions and quantity layout of the inclination sensors according to the characteristics of the bent components; (2) Selecting a fixing mode of the inclination sensor according to the actual characteristics of the bent component and the measurement requirement; (3) And calculating the deflection of the bent component according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the endpoint distance of the opposite bent component, and fitting the integral deformation curve graph of the bent component. According to the invention, a bracket or a fixed point is not required to be set up, the influence of an illumination environment and a field environment is avoided, and all-weather real-time observation is realized; the invention can realize high-speed real-time sampling and data processing analysis; the invention can be used as a remote dynamic monitoring device, and the measured data can be stored locally or uploaded to the cloud to realize remote dynamic observation and early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring technology, in particular to a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device and a measuring method for measuring deformation of a bent component.
Background
Deformation of a flexural member is an important parameter for reaction structure stress condition and characterization in the field of engineering structures, deformation measurement is used as a necessary parameter for structural flexural member bearing capacity test and monitoring, the deformation measurement is widely applied in engineering detection and monitoring practice, and the current beam/plate/column flexural member deformation monitoring means generally adopt a dial indicator, displacement meter or optical measurement (such as a level gauge, a total station and the like) mode.
The traditional method is limited by a fixed datum point or a sight line and a sight distance, has larger limitation on field test conditions, takes more time and cost, and cannot meet certain specific test targets or high-frequency and remote acquisition requirements; for example, a dial indicator or a displacement meter is adopted to measure a fixed endpoint or reliable support, one end of the dial indicator or the displacement meter is arranged at a reliable fulcrum, deformation data of the bent member is obtained by measuring the change of the relative distance between the bent member and the fixed endpoint, and a bracket is generally erected in a mode that the time and the cost consumed before detection are high;
For example, when leveling or laser measurement is adopted, the optical measurement is greatly influenced by the field visual environment, the problem of vision distance shielding cannot be overcome, the measurement accuracy is influenced by vision distance and field illumination conditions, the measurement accuracy is directly influenced by excessive far, excessive bright and excessive dark, and even the feasibility is observed. In addition, the optical measurement data, in particular to leveling measurement, can obtain a deformation result only after long-time calculation processing, which is not beneficial to real-time monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device and a measuring method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, which calculate relative displacement and an integral deformation curve of the flexural member by utilizing parameters such as angle change of an inclination angle sensor, endpoint distance of the relative flexural member and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of measuring deformation of a flexural member, the method being suitable for deformation measurement of a flexural member of homogeneous material, the method comprising:
(1) Placing positions and quantity layout of the inclination sensors according to the characteristics of the bent components;
(2) Selecting a fixing mode of the inclination sensor according to the actual characteristics of the bent component and the measurement requirement;
(3) And calculating the deflection of the bent component according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the endpoint distance of the opposite bent component, and fitting the integral deformation curve graph of the bent component.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, where in step (3), the flexural member deflection is specifically measured by:
When the flexural member measurement direction is a cantilever flexural member:
at least one inclination sensor is arranged on the cantilever flexural member, and deflection of the flexural member generated by the corresponding placement point of each inclination sensor is measured respectively;
The distance between the distribution measuring point of the inclination sensor on the cantilever flexural member and the fixed end is set as L ', the angle change quantity is measured as a' after deformation, the deflection x of the flexural member is calculated as,
x＝L’·tan(a’)；
When the measurement direction of the flexural member is that the two ends are fixedly supported:
Setting the distance between the position of the inclination sensor and the end point of the bending member as L 1 and L 2 respectively, wherein L=L 1+L2, L is the total length of the bending member, and the distance L 1 from the inclination sensor to the end point of the bending member on the nearer side; acquiring an angle change quantity by an inclination sensor to be an included angle change quantity alpha of a deformation curve tangent line at a measuring point and a tangent line at an original position, wherein alpha = alpha 2-α1;α1 is an initial inclination angle measured value, and alpha 2 is a deformation back inclination angle measured value;
setting up a coordinate axis by taking the longitudinal axis of the bending member as an x coordinate axis and taking a central vertical line as a y axis, setting a circle center coordinate (0, y 0), setting an initial inclination angle sensor coordinate as (L/2-L 1, 0), and setting a deformation back inclination angle sensor coordinate as (L/2-L 1, y), wherein the bending member is formed by bending and deforming a homogeneous material downwards, so that the ordinate y 0 of the circle center is a constant positive value, and the ordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is a constant negative value;
equations 1 and 2 are established from the trigonometric function and the ordinate y of the deformed back-rake sensor is solved:
The following steps are obtained:
the vertical coordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is the vertical distance from the position of the deformation back inclination angle sensor to the original axis of the bending member, namely the bending member deflection value.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of measuring deformation of a flexural member by either directly securing to the flexural member or mounting a sensor via an adjustable orientation bracket.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, where the direction-adjustable bracket is fixed to the flexural member by means of gluing, bolting or welding.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring deformation of a bent member, the tilt sensor being a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision tilt sensor.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, which adopts the method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, and includes:
Inclination angle sensor: the sensor is used for measuring nodes, adopts a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision inclination sensor, and is protected and packaged;
the acquisition device comprises: the acquisition device is internally provided with a usb wired direct-connection module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wifi module and is adapted to different signal transmission modes;
Data power line: adopting 485 series mode to transmit data between measuring nodes and collecting ends, and simultaneously using the data as a power supply line;
adapting a power supply: an alternating current-to-direct current power supply or a direct current power supply is adopted;
a mobile terminal: the method is used for data processing, display, early warning and report production;
the acquisition device acquires data measured by the inclination sensor wirelessly or in a wired manner, transmits the data to the mobile terminal through the data power line, and finally calculates the deflection of the bent component through the mobile terminal and fits the whole deformation curve of the bent component.
When the scheme is adopted for measurement, the bent component needs to be ensured to be a homogeneous object, the bent component can be uniformly deformed, and the deformation is approximate to an arc of a circle with the center on the central extension line of the bent component; the positions of the supports at the two sides are unchanged before and after the stress in the measuring process; the position of the inclination angle sensor is constantly on the established yoz coordinate plane, and the deformation outside the coordinate plane is not considered.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, a bracket or a fixed point is not required to be set up, the influence of an illumination environment and a field environment is avoided, and all-weather real-time observation is realized;
(2) The invention can realize high-speed real-time sampling and data processing analysis;
(3) The invention can be used as a remote dynamic monitoring device, and the measured data can be stored locally or uploaded to the cloud to realize remote dynamic observation and early warning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a measurement method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the deformation of the bending member before and after the measurement direction of the present invention is the cantilever bending member.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view before and after deformation of a flexural member in the measurement direction of the present invention with both ends fixedly supported.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the measuring axis direction under the constraint of the non-structural member of the present invention as a whole.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic real-time monitoring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a modified flexural member of this invention approximately centered on an extension of the center of the flexural member.
Fig. 7 is a layout view of an inclination sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph of deformation resulting from fitting an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, should be taken as illustrative of the invention only and not as limiting, the examples being intended to provide those skilled in the art with a better understanding and reproduction of the technical solutions of the invention, the scope of the invention still being defined by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a measurement method of deformation of a flexural member, which is suitable for deformation measurement of a flexural member of a homogeneous material, the measurement method including:
s1, arranging the placement positions and the number of the inclination sensors according to the characteristics of the flexural members;
s2, selecting a fixing mode of the inclination sensor according to the actual characteristics of the flexural member and measurement requirements;
the inclination angle sensor is a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision inclination angle sensor.
The fixing mode of the inclination angle sensor comprises gluing, anchor bolts or welding.
S3, calculating deflection of the bent component and fitting an integral deformation curve graph of the bent component according to the angle change of the inclination angle sensor and the distance between the end points of the opposite bent component;
as shown in fig. 2, when the flexural member measurement direction is a cantilever flexural member:
at least one inclination sensor is arranged on the cantilever flexural member, and deflection of the flexural member generated by the corresponding placement point of each inclination sensor is measured respectively;
The distance between the distribution measuring point of the inclination sensor on the cantilever flexural member and the fixed end is set as L ', the angle change quantity is measured as a' after deformation, the deflection x of the flexural member is calculated as,
x＝L’·tan(a’)；
As shown in fig. 3, when the measurement direction of the flexural member is a two-end consolidated support:
Setting the distance between the position of the inclination sensor and the end point of the bending member as L 1 and L 2 respectively, wherein L=L 1+L2, L is the total length of the bending member, and the distance L 1 from the inclination sensor to the end point of the bending member on the nearer side; acquiring an angle change quantity by an inclination sensor to be an included angle change quantity alpha of a deformation curve tangent line at a measuring point and a tangent line at an original position, wherein alpha = alpha 2-α1;α1 is an initial inclination angle measured value, and alpha 2 is a deformation back inclination angle measured value;
Setting a coordinate axis by taking the longitudinal axis of the bending member as an x coordinate axis and taking a central vertical line as a y axis, setting a circle center coordinate (0, y 0), setting an initial inclination angle sensor A coordinate as (L/2-L 1, 0), and setting a deformation back inclination angle sensor A' coordinate as (L/2-L 1, y), wherein the bending member is formed by bending and deforming a homogeneous material downwards, so that the ordinate y 0 of the circle center is always positive, and the ordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is always negative;
equations 1 and 2 are established from the trigonometric function and the ordinate y of the deformed back-rake sensor is solved:
The following steps are obtained:
the vertical coordinate y of the deformation back inclination angle sensor is the vertical distance from the position of the deformation back inclination angle sensor to the original axis of the bending member, namely the bending member deflection value.
Preferably, the measuring direction of the flexural member refers to the constraint state of two end points of the member in the selected measuring axis direction, and there are only two cases of two end constraint or one end constraint and the other end free, but not the constraint condition of the whole member, for example, a plate member with two ends fixed, the measuring axis direction z1 can be selected to be fixed at two ends, the measuring axis direction z2 can also be fixed at one end and one free (overhanging), as shown in fig. 4, the measuring method can also be solved by adopting the two schemes, wherein the dotted line refers to the measuring axis, and the solid line represents the length actually measured along the axis direction.
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment provides a portable dynamic real-time monitoring device, where the device adopts the method for measuring deformation of a flexural member, and the method includes:
inclination sensor 1: the sensor is used for measuring nodes, adopts a single-axis or multi-axis high-precision inclination sensor, and is protected and packaged;
acquisition device 2: the acquisition device is internally provided with a usb wired direct-connection module, a LoRa module, a 4G module, a Bluetooth module and/or a wifi module 21 and is adapted to different signal transmission modes;
Data power line: adopting 485 series mode to transmit data between measuring nodes and collecting ends, and simultaneously using the data as a power supply line;
adapting power source 3: an alternating current-to-direct current power supply or a direct current power supply is adopted;
mobile terminal 4: the method is used for data processing, display, early warning and report production;
the plurality of inclination sensors 1 are arranged on the bent member, the acquisition device 2 acquires data measured by the inclination sensors 1 wirelessly or in a wired manner, the data are transmitted to the mobile terminal 4 through a data power line, and finally the mobile terminal 4 calculates the deflection of the bent member and fits the whole deformation curve of the bent member.
As shown in fig. 6, when the present solution is adopted for measurement, it is necessary to ensure that the bent member is a homogeneous object, the bent member can be uniformly deformed, and the deformation is approximately an arc of a circle with a center on the central extension line of the bent member; assuming that an inclination sensor is placed at the position A of the bent member, as the stress is continuously increased, the inclination sensor is placed at the position B or C or D or E of the bent member after deformation, and the deformed bent member is approximately centered on the central extension line of the bent member; the positions of the supports at the two sides are unchanged before and after the stress in the measuring process; the position of the inclination angle sensor is constantly on the established yoz coordinate plane, and the deformation outside the coordinate plane is not considered.
Specific examples:
taking the measurement direction of a bent member as two ends for fixedly supporting, for example, 6 inclination sensors are arranged in a certain measurement direction of a certain bent member, namely a sensor 1#, a sensor 2#, a sensor 3#, a sensor 4#, a sensor 5# and a sensor 6, the initial state of the member is shown in fig. 7, after deformation, the deformation curve S is obtained by measuring the distance between the position of the inclination sensor and the end point of the bent member and the angle variation, wherein the distance between the position of the inclination sensor and the end point of the bent member is L 1-L6 and the angle variation (not shown), the ordinate y1-y6 of the inclination sensor after deformation is calculated, and the deformation curve S is obtained by fitting, as shown in fig. 8.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (5)
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Citations (2)
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| CN110319808A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-11 | 华南理工大学 | Obliquity sensor measures long-span arch bridge change of arch costal shape accuracy prediction and appraisal procedure |
| CN110608862A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-12-24 | 广东汇涛工程科技有限公司 | Method for measuring dynamic mean deflection of bridge through tilt angle sensor |
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| CN105067206B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-09-26 | 长安大学 | A kind of deflection of bridge structure linear measurement method |
| IT201600130230A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-22 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | PLANT MODULE WITH SENSOR ARRANGEMENT |
| CN109060279B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2020-02-18 | 广东华交科工程科技有限公司 | Error analysis method for measuring bridge deflection by tilt angle sensor |
| CN110132221B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-09-18 | 华南理工大学 | Bridge deflection measuring method for synchronous processing after asynchronous acquisition of multi-inclination-angle sensors |
| CN111964638A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-20 | 同恩(上海)工程技术有限公司 | Deflection monitoring method and system based on fitting inversion mode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110608862A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-12-24 | 广东汇涛工程科技有限公司 | Method for measuring dynamic mean deflection of bridge through tilt angle sensor |
| CN110319808A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-11 | 华南理工大学 | Obliquity sensor measures long-span arch bridge change of arch costal shape accuracy prediction and appraisal procedure |
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