CN114906845A - Continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing a graphite felt, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a feeding device, a plurality of tunnel-type carbonization furnaces, a transition section furnace body, a plurality of tunnel-type graphitization furnaces, a cooling section furnace body, a plurality of water cooling devices and a discharging device which are connected in sequence; the tunnel type carbonization furnace and the tunnel type graphitization furnace are internally provided with a conveying assembly, a heating assembly and a heat preservation layer, so that the carbon felt is conveyed and uniformly heated in the furnace body; the feeding device and the discharging device are respectively connected and matched with the winding drum device and used for assisting the carbon felt to automatically enter and exit the tunnel type carbonization furnace, the transition section furnace body, the tunnel type graphitization furnace, the cooling section furnace body and the water cooling device in sequence so as to continuously produce the graphite soft felt. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, high production efficiency, high heat energy utilization rate, high automation degree and the like, realizes conveying and heating of the carbon felt inside the hearth, improves the heating uniformity of the carbon felt, enhances the carbonization effect and effectively ensures the quality stability of the product.

Description

Continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of graphite soft felt manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing a graphite felt.

Background

The graphite soft felt is made by graphitizing hard felt, has the properties of light weight, good flexibility, high carbon content, high temperature resistance, no volatilization at high temperature, corrosion resistance, small heat conductivity coefficient and the like, has high shape retentivity, and is particularly suitable for special materials of semiconductors. The graphite soft felt is not only an excellent heat insulation material for a high-temperature vacuum furnace (particularly suitable for a single crystal furnace), but also an anti-corrosion filter material. With the rapid development of modern industry, the continuous batch production of graphite soft felt is particularly urgent.

The method for preparing the graphite soft felt at the present stage comprises the following steps: and (5) intermittent production in a high-temperature furnace. And (3) putting the carbon fiber pre-oxidized felt into a batch furnace, heating to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for a certain time, cooling to room temperature, putting the carbonized carbon felt into the batch furnace, heating to 2200 ℃, preserving heat for a certain time, and cooling to room temperature. The prior preparation technology has the following defects:

(1) carbonization and graphitization are processed separately, and the production efficiency is low. The carbon fiber pre-oxidation felt is firstly carbonized at 1200 ℃ and then graphitized at 2200 ℃, and the two processes adopt different high-temperature furnace batch furnaces for production, so that continuous production cannot be realized, and the batch cycle is long and the production efficiency is low.

(2) Low heat efficiency and high energy consumption. The intermittent furnace is an intermittent circulating production, the processes of loading, heating, keeping constant temperature, cooling, unloading and the like are required to be repeated when one furnace of product is produced, the carbonization section is repeatedly heated to heat the cold environment in the furnace cavity to 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for a certain time and then is reduced to room temperature, the graphitization section is repeatedly heated to heat the cold environment in the furnace cavity to 2200 ℃, the temperature is reduced to room temperature after the temperature is kept for a certain time, so that a large amount of heat is lost after repeated heating and cooling, and in addition, the temperature of the heat preservation layer and the temperature of the furnace wall and the outside room temperature need to reach a temperature balance exchange point in each heating process, so that the energy consumption is high, and the heat utilization is low.

(3) The graphite soft felt has low yield and unstable quality. The batch furnace is intermittent production of charging, discharging and other processes, cannot realize automatic production and has low yield. The production process is influenced by various factors such as tar, dust and the like, and the product produced by each furnace is difficult to achieve the consistent product quality.

A large amount of tar, ash and the like can be generated by a series of physical and chemical reactions of the carbon fiber pre-oxidation felt in the constant temperature process of carbonization and graphitization, the production process of the intermittent furnace is a closed space, the tar and the ash cannot be discharged out of the furnace, and the product quality and the service life of equipment are seriously influenced.

(4) The labor environment is poor, the working intensity is high, and the automation is not easy to realize. The batch furnace has complex charging and discharging procedures, needs manual operation, generates a large amount of tar and ash powder in the furnace, needs manual cleaning, has poor working environment and can not realize automatic production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing a graphite felt, which has the advantages of compact structure, high production efficiency, high heat energy utilization rate and high automation degree.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felts comprising: the device comprises a feeding device, a plurality of tunnel-type carbonization furnaces, a transition section furnace body, a plurality of tunnel-type graphitization furnaces, a cooling section furnace body, a plurality of water cooling devices and a discharging device which are connected in sequence;

the tunnel carbonization furnace includes: the device comprises a carbonization furnace body, wherein a tunnel type hearth is arranged inside the carbonization furnace body, and a first conveying assembly, a first heating assembly, a first heat preservation layer and carbon cloth are arranged inside the hearth; the first heating assemblies are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the first conveying assembly and used for heating the carbon felt in the hearth; the first conveying assembly is used for assisting the carbon felt to be conveyed in the hearth; the first heat preservation layers are arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and used for realizing heat preservation inside the hearth; the carbon cloth is arranged at the upper part of the hearth, is positioned between the first conveying assembly and the first heating assembly and is used for preventing impurities from dropping on the carbon felt;

the tunnel type graphitization furnace includes: the device comprises a graphitization furnace body, wherein a tunnel type hearth is arranged inside the graphitization furnace body, and a second heating assembly, a second conveying assembly and a second heat insulation layer are arranged inside the hearth; the second heating assemblies are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the second conveying assembly and are used for heating the carbon felt in the hearth; the second conveying assembly is used for assisting the carbon felt to be conveyed in the hearth; the second heat-insulating layers are arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and used for realizing heat insulation in the hearth;

the feeding device and the discharging device are respectively connected and matched with the winding drum device and used for assisting the carbon felt to automatically enter and exit the tunnel type carbonization furnace, the transition section furnace body, the tunnel type graphitization furnace, the cooling section furnace body and the water cooling device in sequence so as to continuously produce the graphite soft felt.

As a further improvement of the invention, the furnace further comprises a pipeline assembly, wherein the top and the bottom of the carbonization furnace body and the top of the feeding device are connected with the pipeline assembly, and the pipeline assembly is used for discharging impurities generated in the hearth.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the pipe assembly includes a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe, and an eighth pipe;

the bottom of the second pipeline is communicated with the top of a hearth of the carbonization furnace body, the top of the second pipeline is communicated with the first pipeline, the first pipeline is communicated with a third pipeline and a feeding device, the third pipeline is communicated with a fan, and impurities generated in the hearth are extracted by utilizing airflow generated by the fan;

the fourth pipeline communicates with the eighth pipeline, the top of the eighth pipeline communicates with the bottom of the hearth of the carbonization furnace body, and tar generated inside the hearth is discharged from the eighth pipeline through the fourth pipeline.

As a further improvement of the invention, a control valve is arranged between the first pipeline and the second pipeline and used for adjusting the gas flow in the hearth; and the outer sides of the fourth pipeline and the eighth pipeline are both provided with electric heating components for heat preservation, so that tar in the pipeline is prevented from being solidified when being condensed.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding device comprises: the device comprises a chimney, a first curtain, a first air inlet pipe, a first air interface and a first connecting plate;

the chimney is arranged at the top of the feeding device and used for realizing the sealing connection of the feeding device and the pipeline assembly;

the first baffle curtain and the first air inlet pipe are sequentially arranged at the feeding end of the feeding device, the first air inlet pipe is communicated with the first air interface, and inert gas is introduced into the feeding device through the first air interface and the first air inlet pipe; the first check curtain and the first air inlet pipe are used for preventing outside air from entering the system through the feeding device;

the first connecting plate is arranged at the discharge end of the feeding device and used for achieving sealing connection of the feeding device and the carbonization furnace body.

As a further improvement of the invention, the transition section furnace body comprises a first air inlet and a second air inlet, and a first gate, a second gate and a third gate which can be lifted are sequentially arranged between the first air inlet and the second air inlet; when first gate, second gate and third gate all descend to close, let in inert gas to first air inlet and second air inlet respectively for form two independent air chambers in the changeover portion furnace body, and realize that tunnel type carbide furnace and tunnel type graphitizing furnace are isolated each other.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the discharging device comprises: the second connecting plate, the second curtain, the second air inlet pipe and the second air interface;

the second connecting plate is arranged at the feeding end of the discharging device and used for realizing the sealing connection between the discharging device and the water cooling device;

the second curtain and the second air inlet pipe are sequentially arranged at the discharge end of the discharge device, the second air inlet pipe is communicated with the second air interface, and inert gas is introduced into the discharge device through the second air interface and the second air inlet pipe; and the second curtain and the second air inlet pipe are used for blocking outside air from entering the system through the discharging device.

As a further improvement of the invention, a tension detector is arranged on the feeding device and is used for monitoring the tensile force applied to the carbon felt in real time.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the second heating assembly includes: the two ends of the heating body are respectively connected with the false electrode and the real electrode, and the plurality of heating bodies are uniformly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the second conveying assembly and used for heating the carbon felt in the hearth.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the second transfer assembly comprises: guide rail and guide rail strip, the both sides of guide rail all are equipped with the guide rail strip, the guide rail strip is used for supplementary carbon felt to fix a position at the guide rail, carbon felt sliding transmission on the guide rail to take away the impurity of deposit on the guide rail.

As a further improvement of the invention, the first conveying component adopts a stick made of silicon carbide; the first heating assembly adopts a silicon carbide rod; the inside disconnected excellent detector that still is equipped with of furnace of carbide furnace body, disconnected excellent detector is used for detecting the running state of rod.

As a further improvement of the invention, the first heat-insulating layer and the second heat-insulating layer are both prepared from any one of ceramic fibers, heat-insulating bricks, carbon felts, graphite foils or carbon-carbon composite materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt comprises a feeding device, a tunnel carbonization furnace, a transition section furnace body, a tunnel graphitization furnace, a cooling section furnace body, a water cooling device and a discharging device which are connected in sequence; the carbon fiber pre-oxidation felt body passes through the furnace body tunnel and is fixed on a winding drum device at the rear end of the discharging device, the felt body is dragged in the tunnel furnace through a conveying assembly in the furnace body and a winding drum device at an outlet, the felt body continuously passes through a carbonization section at 1200 ℃, a graphitization section at 2200 ℃, then passes through a cooling device and an air sealing section at the outlet, so that the graphite felt reaches the discharging temperature of 80 ℃, and finally is collected by the winding drum device; the whole process realizes the continuous production of the graphite soft felt, the processes of repeated charging, temperature rise, constant temperature, temperature reduction, discharging and the like are not needed, the intermittent production of carbonization and graphitization is not needed, the carbon fiber pre-oxidized felt is continuously carbonized at 1200 ℃ and graphitized at 2200 ℃ from the kiln head to the kiln tail through the kiln tunnel, the repeated temperature rise and temperature reduction is not needed, a large amount of time is saved, the heat utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is also reduced.

2. According to the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt, the heating assemblies, the conveying assemblies and the heat preservation layers are arranged in the hearths of the carbonization furnace and the graphitization furnace, the heat preservation layers arranged at the bottom and the top of the hearths are utilized to ensure that the interior of the hearths is kept in a better reaction temperature range, and the heating assemblies are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the conveying assemblies, so that the carbon felt is conveyed and heated at the inner side of the hearths, the dynamic conveying of the carbon felt is realized, the uniform heating of the carbon felt is ensured, the carbonization and graphitization effects of the carbon felt are obviously improved, and the product quality of the finally obtained graphite felt is effectively ensured; furthermore, the carbon cloth is arranged in the hearth of the carbonization furnace, so that tar is prevented from dropping on the carbon felt, and the quality of the felt body is ensured.

3. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt is characterized in that the top and the bottom of the hearth of the carbonization furnace and the feeding device are connected with the pipeline assembly, so that gas and dust generated in the hearth are discharged out of the furnace from the top pipeline along with airflow, generated tar is collected to the bottom pipeline from the furnace wall by virtue of gravity, the outer side of the bottom pipeline is electrically heated and coated by the heat-insulating layer, the tar is prevented from being solidified by condensation, and workers can clean the inside of the pipeline at regular time, so that the labor intensity of manpower is reduced, the clean carbonization environment in the hearth is ensured, the product quality is improved, and the service life of the carbonization furnace is prolonged.

4. According to the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt, the graphite electrode is arranged in the heating assembly of the graphitization furnace for heating, so that the temperature in the hearth can be heated to 2200 ℃, the stable temperature rise in the hearth is realized, the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the hearth is improved, and the adverse effect caused by overhigh temperature in the copper electrode is effectively prevented by adopting a water cooling mode in the copper electrode of the electrode; the guide rails are arranged in the conveying assembly, the guide rail strips are arranged on two sides of the guide rails, and the guide rail strips are used for carrying out auxiliary positioning on a conveying path of the carbon felt on the guide rails, so that the carbon felt is prevented from being deviated, and the carbon felt is stably conveyed in a sliding manner in a hearth; meanwhile, the carbon felt takes the generated ash powder impurities out of the furnace from the guide rail by the self cleaning function, thereby avoiding the short circuit caused by the ash powder contacting the graphite electrode, enhancing the operation stability of the graphitizing furnace, prolonging the service life of the graphitizing furnace and obviously improving the product quality of the finally obtained graphite felt.

5. According to the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt, the check curtains are arranged in the feeding device and the discharging device, the air curtain is formed by matching the air inlet pipe and the air interface, and under the dual actions of the check curtains and the air curtain, outside air is well prevented from entering the hearth of the carbonization furnace and the graphitization furnace, so that an insulating layer and the carbon felt or the graphite felt in the hearth are prevented from being oxidized, and the production stability of the graphite felt is improved.

6. According to the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing the graphite felt, the two air inlets are arranged in the transition section furnace body, the three lifting gates are arranged between the two air inlets, when the gates are normally lifted, the carbonized graphite felt can normally pass, when tar in the carbonization furnace needs to be cleaned, the three gates fall down, so that two independent air chambers are formed in the transition section furnace body, inert gas is introduced into the air chambers, the carbonization furnace and the graphitization furnace can be isolated, the oxygen in the carbonization furnace is effectively prevented from entering the graphitization furnace to oxidize graphite materials in the furnace, the service life of the graphitization furnace is prolonged, the stability of system operation is also improved, and the product quality of the graphite felt is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing a graphite felt according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the tunnel carbonization furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the principle of the tunnel-type carbonization furnace in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view along the direction a-a in fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the tunnel carbonization furnace of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a tunnel-type graphitization furnace according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the principal structure of the tunnel-type graphitization furnace in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view along the direction B-B in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the heating unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heating unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the transfer assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the tunnel carbonization furnace and the pipe assembly according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the rear view of the connecting structure of the tunnel carbonization furnace and the pipe assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view in the direction of C-C in fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view along direction D-D in fig. 12.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the direction of E-E in fig. 12.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a rubber discharge section in the tunnel carbonization furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding device of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a second schematic view of the structure of the feeding device of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a third schematic view of the feeding device of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the transition zone furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of the discharging device of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a second schematic view of the structure of the discharging device of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a third schematic view of the discharging device of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings: 1. a tunnel type carbonization furnace; 11. a carbonization furnace body; 12. a first transfer assembly; 13. a first heating assembly; 14. a first support chassis; 15. a first insulating layer; 16. a carbon cloth; 17. a first support assembly; 18. a second support member; 19. an oil discharge pipe; 2. a tunnel-type graphitization furnace; 21. a graphitization furnace body; 22. a second heating assembly; 221. a dummy electrode; 2211. a pseudo-graphite electrode; 222. a true electrode; 2221. a true graphite electrode; 223. a heating element; 224. a cooling water pipe; 225. a copper electrode; 23. a second support chassis; 24. a second transfer assembly; 241. a guide rail; 242. a guide rail bar; 243. a support block; 244. a graphite upright post; 25. a second insulating layer; 3. a feeding device; 31. a chimney; 32. a third support chassis; 33. a first curtain; 34. a first intake pipe; 35. a first gas interface; 36. a first connecting plate; 4. a transition section furnace body; 41. a first gate; 42. a second gate; 43. a third gate; 44. a third transfer assembly; 45. a first air inlet; 46. a second air inlet; 47. a fourth support chassis; 5. a cooling section furnace body; 6. a water cooling device; 7. a discharging device; 71. a second connecting plate; 72. a fifth support chassis; 73. a second curtain; 74. a second intake pipe; 75. a second gas interface; 8. a carbon felt; 9. a conduit assembly; 91. a first pipe; 92. a second conduit; 93. a third pipeline; 94. a fourth conduit; 95. a fifth pipeline; 96. a sixth pipeline; 97. a seventh pipe; 98. an eighth conduit; 99. a control valve; 910. a fan; 911. a ninth conduit.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 24, the continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing a graphite felt according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a feeding device 3, four tunnel-type carbonization furnaces 1, a transition section furnace body 4, four tunnel-type graphitization furnaces 2, a cooling section furnace body 5, three water cooling devices 6 and a discharging device 7 which are connected in sequence. Wherein, the cooling section furnace body 5 is a natural cooling device, which is equivalent to realize the transition of the high-temperature graphite felt between the graphitization furnace and the water cooling device, and avoids the influence on the quality of the graphite felt caused by the sudden temperature drop. Water is fed and discharged in the water cooling devices 6 in a mode of feeding water from bottom to top, and cooling water channels among the three water cooling devices 6 are communicated and connected in series to form an integral water drum, so that the mutual connection resistance is reduced, the water flow is kept smooth, and a better cooling effect is achieved. The cooling zone water cooling device 6 is made of SUS304, and the graphite felt directly slides in the device, so that the discharging temperature of the product is reduced to 80 ℃.

It can be understood that the number of the tunnel type carbonization furnace 1, the tunnel type graphitization furnace 2 and the water cooling device 6 can be flexibly set according to actual production requirements.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the tunnel carbonization furnace 1 includes: carbide furnace body 11, carbide furnace body 11 are equipped with the furnace of both ends open-ended tunnel type, and furnace is inside to be equipped with first transmission assembly 12, first heating element 13, first heat preservation 15 and carbon cloth 16. The first heating assemblies 13 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the first conveying assembly 12, and the first heating assemblies 13 are used for heating the carbon felt 8 in the hearth; the first conveying assembly 12 is used for assisting the carbon felt 8 to convey in the hearth; the first heat preservation layers 15 are arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and used for realizing heat preservation inside the hearth and preventing temperature in the hearth from dissipating; the carbon cloth 16 is arranged on the upper part of the hearth and positioned between the first conveying assembly 12 and the first heating assembly 13, and is used for preventing tar impurities from dropping on the carbon felt 8 so as to improve the cleanliness of the carbon felt 8.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the tunnel-type graphitization furnace 2 includes: graphitizing furnace body 21, the inside tunnel type furnace that is equipped with both ends open-ended of graphitizing furnace body 21, inside second heating element 22, second transport assembly 24 and the second heat preservation 25 of being equipped with of furnace. The second heating assemblies 22 are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second conveying assembly 24, and the second heating assemblies 22 are used for heating the carbon felt 8 in the hearth; the second conveying assembly 24 is used for assisting the sliding conveying of the carbon felt 8 in the hearth; the second heat preservation layer 25 is arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and used for realizing heat preservation inside the hearth and preventing temperature in the hearth from dissipating.

The heating assembly is arranged inside the hearth of the carbonization furnace and the graphitization furnace, the conveying assembly and the heat preservation layer are arranged, the heat preservation layer arranged at the bottom and the top of the hearth is utilized to ensure that the inside of the hearth is kept in the reaction temperature range of the better, the heating assembly is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the conveying assembly simultaneously, the conveying edge heating of the carbon felt in the hearth is realized, the dynamic conveying of the carbon felt is realized, the carbon felt is ensured to be heated uniformly, the carbonization and graphitization effects of the carbon felt are obviously improved, and the product quality of the finally obtained graphite felt is effectively ensured.

The feeding device 3 and the discharging device 7 are respectively connected and matched with a winding drum device (not shown in the figure) and used for assisting the carbon felt 8 to automatically enter and exit the tunnel type carbonization furnace 1, the transition section furnace body 4, the tunnel type graphitization furnace 2, the cooling section furnace body 5 and the water cooling device 6 in sequence so as to continuously produce the graphite soft felt. Furthermore, a tension detector is arranged on the feeding device 3 and used for monitoring the tensile force applied to the carbon felt 8 in real time so as to prevent the felt body from being broken and affecting the production efficiency. In this embodiment, an electric control system can be further provided to perform PID automatic temperature control, ultra-high temperature alarm, soft start protection on the heating system, and the like on the graphite felt production system, so as to realize automatic mass production of the whole production.

The carbonization furnace and the graphitization furnace are key equipment for heating and decomposing solid or organic matters in the carbon fiber pre-oxidized felt under the high-temperature and oxygen-free conditions, and realizing ordered conversion from a disordered layer structure to a graphite crystal structure by using thermally activated carbon atoms which are not thermodynamically stable, so that the carbon fiber pre-oxidized felt is converted into the graphite felt meeting the use requirements. In the embodiment, a continuous carbon felt carbonization and graphitization system is formed by a feeding device 3, a tunnel type carbonization furnace 1, a transition section furnace body 4, a tunnel type graphitization furnace 2, a cooling section furnace body 5, a water cooling device 6 and a discharging device 7 which are connected in sequence; the carbon fiber pre-oxidation felt body passes through the furnace body tunnel and is fixed on a winding drum device at the rear end of the discharging device, the felt body is dragged in the tunnel furnace through a conveying assembly in the furnace body and a winding drum device at an outlet, the felt body continuously passes through a carbonization section at 1200 ℃, a graphitization section at 2200 ℃, then passes through a cooling device and an air sealing section at the outlet, so that the graphite felt reaches the discharging temperature of 80 ℃, and finally is collected by the winding drum device; the whole process realizes the continuous production of the graphite soft felt, the processes of repeated charging, temperature rise, constant temperature, temperature reduction, discharging and the like are not needed, the intermittent production of carbonization and graphitization is not needed, the carbon fiber pre-oxidized felt is continuously carbonized at 1200 ℃ and graphitized at 2200 ℃ from the kiln head to the kiln tail through the kiln tunnel, the repeated temperature rise and temperature reduction is not needed, a large amount of time is saved, the heat utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is also reduced.

As shown in fig. 12 to 16, in this embodiment, a duct assembly 9 is further included, the top and bottom of the carbonization furnace body 11 and the top of the feeding device 3 are connected to the duct assembly 9, and the duct assembly 9 is used for discharging impurities generated in the furnace. It will be appreciated that in order to increase the service life of the pipe assembly 9, it may be made of a high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material.

In the present embodiment, the duct assembly 9 includes a first duct 91, a second duct 92, a third duct 93, a fifth duct 95, a fourth duct 94, and an eighth duct 98.

The second duct 92 and the third duct 93 are disposed in a vertical direction, and the first duct 91 is disposed in a horizontal direction. The two sides of the carbonization furnace body 11 are both provided with a second pipeline 92, the bottom of the second pipeline 92 is communicated with the top of the hearth of the carbonization furnace body 11, and the top of the second pipeline 92 is communicated with the first pipeline 91; the first pipeline 91 is communicated with the top of the feeding device 3 through a ninth pipeline 911, the first pipeline 91 is further communicated with a third pipeline 93, the third pipeline 93 is communicated with a seventh pipeline 97 through a sixth pipeline 96, the seventh pipeline 97 is communicated with a fan 910, an included angle between the third pipeline 93 and the sixth pipeline 96 is 60 degrees, and the seventh pipeline 97 is arranged in the vertical direction.

By utilizing the airflow generated by the fan 910, a micro negative pressure is formed inside the hearth, and then the gas and ash impurities generated in the hearth are pumped out. Further, a control valve 99 is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline 91 and the second pipeline 92, a control valve 99 is also arranged at the bottom of the seventh pipeline 97, and the control valve 99 is used for adjusting the gas flow in the hearth, so as to adjust the discharge rate of impurities such as gas, dust and the like in the hearth. It will be appreciated that the control valve 99 may specifically take the form of a gate valve.

In this embodiment, the fifth pipeline 95 is used for communicating the fourth pipeline 94 arranged on the two sides of the carbonization furnace body 11, the fourth pipeline 94 is communicated with the eighth pipeline 98, the top of the eighth pipeline 98 is communicated with the bottom of the hearth, and the tar generated in the hearth is discharged from the eighth pipeline 98 through the fourth pipeline 94. The seventh pipe 97 communicates with the fourth pipe 94, and is finally connected to the blower fan 910. Further, the outer sides of the fourth pipeline 94 and the eighth pipeline 98 are both provided with electric heating components for heat preservation, so as to prevent tar in the pipelines from being solidified when meeting condensation.

As shown in fig. 17, tar generated inside the furnace is volatilized at a high temperature and collected in the second ducts 92 at both sides of the top of the furnace, and the tar is condensed into liquid in the second ducts 92, and then collected in the eighth duct 98 at the bottom of the furnace through the oil drain ducts 19 at both sides of the furnace, and finally discharged outside the furnace, and the fourth duct 94 and the eighth duct 98 are periodically cleaned manually.

In this embodiment, furnace top and bottom and feed arrangement through with the carbide furnace are connected with the pipe assembly, make the interior gas that produces of furnace, the dust is got rid of the stove from the top pipeline along with the air current outside, the tar of production then gathers the bottom pipeline from the oven by gravity, and adopt electric heating in the outside of bottom pipeline, set up the heat preservation cladding, it is solid to prevent that tar from meeting the condensation, the staff can regularly clear up in the pipeline, both reduced manpower intensity of labour, guaranteed the inside clear carbonization environment that keeps of furnace again, the life of carbide furnace has also been prolonged when having improved product quality.

In this embodiment, the first conveying assembly 12 is a silicon carbide rod; the first heating assembly 13 is a silicon carbide rod. The silicon carbide rod is installed inside the furnace of carbide furnace body 11 through first supporting component 17 to heat from top to bottom, and the rod is carborundum material, is connected with second support piece 18 on the carbide furnace body 11. During production, the carbon felt 8 slides from the rod, and the silicon carbon rod heats the carbon felt 8 in the hearth in an up-and-down heating mode. It will be appreciated that the second support 18 may specifically employ a ceramic support wheel. Furthermore, a rod breaking detector (not shown in the figure) is arranged inside the hearth and used for detecting the running state of the rod in real time, so that the phenomenon that the carbon felt is scratched due to the breakage of the rod is avoided, and the carbonization quality of the carbon felt is ensured.

In this embodiment, the first insulating layer 15 and the second insulating layer 25 may be both in the form of ceramic fiber plates. It is understood that in other embodiments, the first insulating layer 15 and the second insulating layer 25 can be made of any one of insulating brick, carbon felt, graphite foil, or carbon-carbon composite material. The first heat-insulating layer 15 and the second heat-insulating layer 25 are made of light materials, so that the furnace has the advantages of being high in temperature rising and falling speed, remarkable in heat-insulating effect, convenient to build a furnace and the like.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, the tunnel type carbonization furnace 1 further includes a first supporting chassis 14, and the first supporting chassis 14 is disposed at the bottom of the carbonization furnace body 11 and is used for supporting the carbonization furnace body 11. Further, first support chassis 14 bottom is equipped with adjusting part, and adjusting part is used for realizing the leveling of carbide furnace body 11 in the horizontal direction, avoids appearing the phenomenon of carbide furnace body 11 slope, has ensured the operational reliability of carbide furnace. It is understood that the first support chassis 14 may be made of a stainless steel material in order to increase load carrying capacity.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the second heating assembly 22 includes: the two ends of the heating body 223 are respectively connected with the false electrode 221 and the real electrode 222, the plurality of heating bodies 223 are uniformly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the second conveying assembly 24 and used for heating the carbon felt 8 in the hearth, and simultaneously, the upper side and the lower side of the carbon felt 8 are synchronously heated, so that the heating uniformity of the carbon felt 8 is improved, and further, the graphitization effect of the carbon felt 8 is improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the dummy electrode 221 includes: a pseudo graphite electrode 2211, a cooling water pipe 224 and a copper electrode 225. One end of the pseudo-graphite electrode 2211 is connected with the heating element 223, and the other end of the pseudo-graphite electrode 2211 is connected with the copper electrode 225; the cooling water pipe 224 surrounds the outer side of the copper electrode 225, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling water pipe 224 to cool the copper electrode 225. The real electrode 222 comprises a real graphite electrode 2221, a cooling water pipe 224 and a copper electrode 225; one end of the real graphite electrode 2221 is connected to the heating element 223, and the other end of the real graphite electrode 2221 is connected to the copper electrode 225; the cooling water pipe 224 surrounds the outer side of the copper electrode 225, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling water pipe 224 to cool the copper electrode 225.

As shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the second transfer assembly 24 includes: the carbon felt positioning device comprises a guide rail 241 and guide rail strips 242, wherein the guide rail strips 242 are arranged on two sides of the guide rail 241, the guide rail strips 242 are used for assisting the carbon felt 8 to be positioned on the guide rail 241, and under the action of the reeling device, the carbon felt 8 is conveyed on the guide rail 241 in a sliding mode and carries away impurities deposited on the guide rail 241.

Further, in this embodiment, the second conveying assembly 24 further includes a supporting block 243 and a graphite upright post 244, a bottom end of the graphite upright post 244 is disposed on the second insulating layer 25, a top end of the graphite upright post 244 is provided with the supporting block 243, and the supporting block 243 is used for supporting the guide rail 241 and the guide rail strip 242. It is understood that, in order to improve the graphitization effect of the carbon felt 8, the support rail 241 and the rail strips 242 may be made of high temperature resistant and non-conductive materials.

In the embodiment, the graphite electrode is arranged in the heating assembly of the graphitizing furnace for heating, so that the temperature in the hearth can be heated to 2200 ℃, the stable temperature rise in the hearth is realized, the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the hearth is improved, and the adverse effect caused by overhigh temperature in the copper electrode is effectively prevented by adopting a water-cooling mode in the copper electrode of the electrode; the guide rails are arranged in the conveying assembly, the guide rail strips are arranged on two sides of the guide rails, and the guide rail strips are used for carrying out auxiliary positioning on a conveying path of the carbon felt on the guide rails, so that the carbon felt is prevented from being deviated, and the carbon felt is stably conveyed in a sliding manner in a hearth; meanwhile, the carbon felt takes the generated ash impurities out of the furnace from the guide rail by the self cleaning function, thereby avoiding the short circuit caused by the ash contacting with the graphite electrode, enhancing the operation stability of the graphitizing furnace, prolonging the service life of the graphitizing furnace, and also obviously improving the product quality of the finally obtained graphite felt

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, in the present embodiment, the tunnel-type graphitization furnace 2 further includes a second support chassis 23, and the second support chassis 23 is provided at the bottom of the graphitization furnace body 21 for supporting the graphitization furnace body 21. Further, the bottom of the second supporting underframe 23 is provided with an adjusting component, and the adjusting component is used for leveling the graphitizing furnace body 21 in the horizontal direction, so that the phenomenon that the graphitizing furnace body 21 inclines is avoided, and the operation reliability of the graphitizing furnace is ensured. It will be appreciated that the second support chassis 23 may be made of a stainless steel material in order to improve load bearing capacity.

As shown in fig. 18 to 20, in the present embodiment, the feeding device 3 includes: a chimney 31, a third support chassis 32, a first curtain 33, a first air inlet duct 34, a first air interface 35, and a first connection plate 36.

A chimney 31 is arranged on top of the feeding device 3, and the chimney 31 is communicated with the ninth pipeline 911 for realizing the sealing connection between the feeding device 3 and the pipeline assembly 9.

A third support chassis 32 is provided at the bottom of the feeding device 3 for supporting the feeding device 3. Further, an adjusting component (such as an adjusting screw) is arranged at the bottom of the third supporting underframe 32, and the adjusting component is used for leveling the feeding device 3 in the horizontal direction, so that the phenomenon that the feeding device 3 inclines is avoided, and the operation reliability of the system is ensured. It is understood that the third support chassis 32 may be made of a stainless steel material in order to improve load bearing capacity.

The first curtain 33 and the first intake duct 34 are sequentially provided at the feed end of the feeding device 3. The first curtain 33 is fixed on the upper side of the interior of the feeding device 3, and is close to the inlet, and three groups are arranged in total; the first air inlet pipes 34 are arranged at two side parts of the feeding device 3, three groups of air inlet pipes are arranged totally, the first air inlet pipes 34 are communicated with a first air interface 35 arranged at the bottom of the feeding device 3, and inert gas such as nitrogen is introduced into the feeding device 3 through the first air interface 35 and the first air inlet pipes 34, so that three air curtains are formed inside the feeding device 3. The carbon felt 8 passes through the feeding device 3, and the first curtain 33 and the first air inlet pipe 34 are used for blocking outside air from entering the system through the feeding device 3.

The first connecting plate 36 is arranged at the discharge end of the feeding device 3 and used for realizing the sealing connection between the feeding device 3 and the carbonization furnace body 11.

As shown in fig. 22 to 24, in the present embodiment, the discharging device 7 includes: a second connecting plate 71, a fifth support chassis 72, a second curtain 73, a second air inlet tube 74, and a second air interface 75.

The second connecting plate 71 is arranged at the feeding end of the discharging device 7 and used for realizing the sealing connection between the discharging device 7 and the water cooling device 6.

A fifth support chassis 72 is provided at the bottom of the feeding device 3 for supporting the discharging device 7. Further, an adjusting component (such as an adjusting screw) is arranged at the bottom of the fifth supporting underframe 72, and the adjusting component is used for leveling the discharging device 7 in the horizontal direction, so that the phenomenon that the discharging device 7 inclines is avoided, and the operation reliability of the system is ensured. It is understood that the fifth support chassis 72 may be made of a stainless steel material in order to improve load-bearing capacity.

The second curtain 73 and the second air inlet pipe 74 are arranged in sequence at the discharge end of the discharge device 7. The second curtain baffles 73 are fixed on the upper side inside the discharging device 7, and are close to the outlet, and three groups are arranged in total; the second air inlet pipes 74 are arranged at two side parts of the discharging device 7, three groups of the second air inlet pipes are arranged totally, the second air inlet pipes 74 are communicated with a second air interface 75 arranged at the bottom of the discharging device 7, and inert gases such as nitrogen are introduced into the discharging device 7 through the second air interface 75 and the second air inlet pipes 74, so that three air curtains are formed inside the discharging device 7. The graphite felt penetrates through the discharging device 7, and the second baffle curtain 73 and the second air inlet pipe 74 are used for blocking outside air from entering the system through the discharging device 7.

In this embodiment, through having set up the check curtain in feed arrangement 3 and discharging device 7 to utilize intake pipe and gas interface cooperation to form the air curtain, under the dual function of check curtain and air curtain, blockked outside gas well and got into inside the furnace of carbide furnace and graphitizing furnace, avoided heat preservation and carbon felt or graphite felt in the furnace to be oxidized, improved the stability of graphite felt production.

As shown in fig. 21, in the present embodiment, the transition furnace body 4 includes a third conveying assembly 44, a first air inlet 45 and a second air inlet 46, and a first shutter 41, a second shutter 42 and a third shutter 43 which can be lifted and lowered are sequentially disposed between the first air inlet 45 and the second air inlet 46; when the first gate 41, the second gate 42 and the third gate 43 are all lifted, the carbon felt 8 can be slidably conveyed on the third conveying assembly 44, and when the first gate 41, the second gate 42 and the third gate 43 are all lowered and closed, inert gases such as nitrogen are respectively introduced into the first air inlet 45 and the second air inlet 46, so that two independent air chambers are formed in the transition section furnace body 4, and the tunnel-type carbonization furnace 1 and the tunnel-type graphitization furnace 2 are isolated from each other. It will be appreciated that the third transfer assembly 44 may take the form of a stick, which is simple in construction and provides a stable drive. The bottom of the transition section furnace body 4 is provided with an adjustable fourth supporting underframe 47.

In this embodiment, two air inlets have been set up through the inside at changeover portion furnace body 4, and set up the gate of three liftable between two air inlets, when the gate normally rises, the carbon felt after the carbonization can normally pass through, when the interior tar clearance that needs of carbonization stove, fall three gate, make the changeover portion furnace body in form two independent air chambers, let in inert gas in the air chamber, can be isolated with carbonization stove and graphitizing furnace, effectively prevented that the oxygen in the carbonization stove from getting into graphitizing furnace and the graphite material in the oxidation furnace, graphitizing furnace's life has been improved, the stability of system operation has also been improved, the product quality of graphite felt has been ensured.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A continuous carbonization, graphitization system for producing graphite felt comprising: the device comprises a feeding device (3), a plurality of tunnel-type carbonization furnaces (1), a transition section furnace body (4), a plurality of tunnel-type graphitization furnaces (2), a cooling section furnace body (5), a plurality of water cooling devices (6) and a discharging device (7) which are connected in sequence;

the tunnel carbonization furnace (1) comprises: the carbonization furnace comprises a carbonization furnace body (11), wherein a tunnel type hearth is arranged inside the carbonization furnace body (11), and a first conveying assembly (12), a first heating assembly (13), a first heat-insulating layer (15) and carbon cloth (16) are arranged inside the hearth; the first heating assemblies (13) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the first conveying assembly (12), and the first heating assemblies (13) are used for heating the carbon felt (8) in the hearth; the first conveying assembly (12) is used for assisting the carbon felt (8) to convey in the hearth; the first heat-preservation layers (15) are arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and are used for realizing heat preservation inside the hearth; the carbon cloth (16) is arranged at the upper part of the hearth, is positioned between the first conveying assembly (12) and the first heating assembly (13), and is used for preventing impurities from dropping on the carbon felt (8);

the tunnel-type graphitization furnace (2) includes: the device comprises a graphitization furnace body (21), wherein a tunnel type hearth is arranged inside the graphitization furnace body (21), and a second heating assembly (22), a second conveying assembly (24) and a second heat insulation layer (25) are arranged inside the hearth; the second heating assemblies (22) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the second conveying assembly (24), and the second heating assemblies (22) are used for heating the carbon felt (8) in the hearth; the second conveying assembly (24) is used for assisting the carbon felt (8) to convey in the hearth; the second heat-insulating layers (25) are arranged at the top and the bottom of the hearth and used for realizing heat insulation in the hearth;

feed arrangement (3) and discharging device (7) are connected the cooperation with the reel device respectively for supplementary carbon felt (8) pass in and out tunnel type carbide furnace (1), changeover portion furnace body (4), tunnel type graphitizing furnace (2), cooling zone furnace body (5) and water cooling plant (6) in proper order automatically, in order to realize continuously producing the soft felt of graphite.

2. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to claim 1, further comprising a pipe assembly (9), wherein the top and bottom of the carbonization furnace body (11) and the top of the feeding device (3) are connected with the pipe assembly (9), and the pipe assembly (9) is used for discharging impurities generated in the furnace.

3. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to claim 2, characterized in that the duct assembly (9) comprises a first duct (91), a second duct (92), a third duct (93), a fourth duct (94) and an eighth duct (98);

the bottom of the second pipeline (92) is communicated with the top of a hearth of the carbonization furnace body (11), the top of the second pipeline (92) is communicated with the first pipeline (91), the first pipeline (91) is communicated with the third pipeline (93) and the feeding device (3), the third pipeline (93) is communicated with the fan (910), and impurities generated in the hearth are extracted by utilizing airflow generated by the fan (910);

fourth pipeline (94) and eighth pipeline (98) intercommunication, the top of eighth pipeline (98) and the furnace bottom intercommunication of carbide furnace body (11), the inside tar that produces of furnace is discharged behind fourth pipeline (94) by eighth pipeline (98).

4. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to claim 3, wherein a control valve (99) is arranged between the first pipe (91) and the second pipe (92), and the control valve (99) is used for adjusting the air flow in the hearth; and electric heating components are arranged on the outer sides of the fourth pipeline (94) and the eighth pipeline (98) and are used for preserving heat so as to prevent tar in the pipelines from being solidified when the tar meets the condensation.

5. The continuous carbonization-graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to claim 2, characterized in that said feeding device (3) comprises: the device comprises a chimney (31), a first curtain (33), a first air inlet pipe (34), a first air interface (35) and a first connecting plate (36);

the chimney (31) is arranged at the top of the feeding device (3) and is used for realizing the sealing connection between the feeding device (3) and the pipeline assembly (9);

the first curtain (33) and the first air inlet pipe (34) are sequentially arranged at the feed end of the feeding device (3), the first air inlet pipe (34) is communicated with the first air interface (35), and inert gas is introduced into the feeding device (3) through the first air interface (35) and the first air inlet pipe (34); the first curtain (33) and the first air inlet pipe (34) are used for blocking outside air from entering the system through the feeding device (3);

the first connecting plate (36) is arranged at the discharge end of the feeding device (3) and used for achieving sealing connection of the feeding device (3) and the carbonization furnace body (11).

6. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to claim 2, wherein the transition section furnace body (4) comprises a first air inlet (45) and a second air inlet (46), and a first gate (41), a second gate (42) and a third gate (43) which can be lifted and lowered are sequentially arranged between the first air inlet (45) and the second air inlet (46); when the first gate (41), the second gate (42) and the third gate (43) all descend and are closed, inert gas is respectively introduced into the first air inlet (45) and the second air inlet (46), so that two independent air chambers are formed in the transition section furnace body (4), and the tunnel type carbonization furnace (1) and the tunnel type graphitization furnace (2) are isolated from each other.

7. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for production of graphite felt according to claim 2 characterized in that the discharge device (7) comprises: the second connecting plate (71), the second curtain (73), the second air inlet pipe (74) and the second air interface (75);

the second connecting plate (71) is arranged at the feeding end of the discharging device (7) and used for realizing the sealing connection between the discharging device (7) and the water cooling device (6);

the second curtain (73) and the second air inlet pipe (74) are sequentially arranged at the discharge end of the discharge device (7), the second air inlet pipe (74) is communicated with the second air interface (75), and inert gas is introduced into the discharge device (7) through the second air interface (75) and the second air inlet pipe (74); the second curtain (73) and the second air inlet pipe (74) are used for blocking outside air from entering the system through the discharging device (7).

8. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a tension detector is arranged on the feeding device (3) and is used for monitoring the tensile force to which the carbon felt (8) is subjected in real time.

9. Continuous carbonization and graphitization system for production of graphite felts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second heating assembly (22) comprises: false electrode (221), true electrode (222) and heat-generating body (223), the both ends of heat-generating body (223) are connected with false electrode (221) and true electrode (222) respectively, and many heat-generating bodies (223) equipartition are in the upper and lower both sides of second conveying component (24) for realize that carbon felt (8) heat in furnace.

10. The continuous carbonization and graphitization system for producing graphite felt according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second transfer assembly (24) comprises: guide rail (241) and guide rail strip (242), the both sides of guide rail (241) all are equipped with guide rail strip (242), guide rail strip (242) are used for supplementary carbon felt (8) to advance line location at guide rail (241), carbon felt (8) slip transmission on guide rail (241) to take away the impurity of deposit on guide rail (241).

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