CN114905903B - Sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of fan-wing aircraft - Google Patents
Sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of fan-wing aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114905903B CN114905903B CN202210503327.5A CN202210503327A CN114905903B CN 114905903 B CN114905903 B CN 114905903B CN 202210503327 A CN202210503327 A CN 202210503327A CN 114905903 B CN114905903 B CN 114905903B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
- B60F5/00—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media
- B60F5/02—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media convertible into aircraft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of a fan-wing aircraft, which comprises an aircraft shell with a front-back strip-shaped structure, wherein wings are rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the aircraft shell towards two sides, and fan blades are arranged in the wings and driven by a propulsion motor to rotate; the buoyancy adjusting water cabin is also arranged in the aircraft shell; the dual-purpose sailing method comprises two running states of underwater sailing and air flying, wherein the front ends of the fan-wing aircraft in the advancing directions are opposite in the two running states; when the ship sails in water, the magnitude of the negative lift force is adjusted by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor, so as to realize floating or submerging; when flying in the air, the wings rotate 180 degrees relative to the shell of the aircraft, the forward end of the aircraft rotates, and the positive lift force is adjusted by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor, so that the adjustment of the flying height is realized; thereby realizing the sea-air dual-purpose navigation of the fan-wing aircraft, and having convenient maintenance, high reliability and good practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-sea craft, in particular to an air-sea craft navigation method of a fan wing craft.
Background
In the prior art, a water-air dual-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle generally adopts a plurality of groups of vertical propellers as propellers, so that the number of the propellers is large, the maintenance is difficult, the reliability is reduced, and the control difficulty is high; on the other hand, as the resistance of the unmanned aerial vehicle along the axial direction of the propeller is the greatest, the power consumption of the unmanned aerial vehicle for water and air is high in the navigation process; meanwhile, the water-air dual-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle has strict self-weight requirements, and needs to have enough light self-weight, so that the carrying of detection equipment is greatly limited, and the operation capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a marine and air dual-purpose sailing method of the fan-wing aircraft, which aims at the defects in the prior art, so that the marine and air dual-purpose sailing of the fan-wing aircraft is realized, the maintenance is convenient, the reliability is high, and the practicability is good.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of a fan wing aircraft comprises an aircraft shell with a front-back strip-shaped structure, wherein wings are rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the aircraft shell towards two sides, fan blades are arranged in the wings and driven to rotate by a propulsion motor, and eccentric vortex is formed at the rotating fan blades by the wings; a buoyancy adjusting water tank is also arranged in the aircraft shell;
the dual-purpose sailing method comprises two running states of underwater sailing and air flying, wherein the front ends of the fan-wing aircraft in the advancing directions are opposite in the two running states;
the running method of the underwater navigation comprises the following steps:
when the wing aircraft is positioned on the water surface, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjusting water tank are opened, water is filled into the buoyancy adjusting water tank, and the wing aircraft begins to gradually sink until the wings completely sink into the water;
the propulsion motor works, the fan blades rotate at a preset rotating speed higher than the underwater speed, downward negative lift force and thrust back to the tail of the wing are generated on the wing, so that the fan-wing aircraft quickly navigates forward and downward until reaching a preset depth;
the rotating speed of a propulsion motor is regulated, the rotating speed of the fan blades is reduced to an underwater preset rotating speed, so that the negative lift force generated by the wings is equal to the positive buoyancy of the fan wing craft under the water, the fan wing craft stops diving, and constant-depth navigation is carried out;
after the underwater navigation is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor is reduced or closed, the fan blades run at a speed far lower than the preset rotating speed under water and even stop running, and the fan wing aircraft quickly floats to the water surface under the action of positive buoyancy of the fan wing aircraft;
the operation method of the air flight comprises the following steps:
when the fan-wing aircraft floats to the water surface from underwater, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjusting water tank are opened, water in the buoyancy adjusting water tank is emptied by utilizing a water pump, the fan-wing aircraft continues to float until the fan-wing aircraft completely floats to the water surface, and the wing exposed to the water surface rotates upwards for 180 degrees relative to the aircraft shell under the drive of a conversion motor, so that the tail direction of the wing is reversed relative to the aircraft shell;
the propulsion motor works, the fan blades rotate at a speed higher than the preset rotating speed in the air, and upward positive lift force and thrust opposite to the tail part of the wing are generated on the wing, so that the fan-wing aircraft flies forward and upward rapidly until reaching the preset height;
the rotating speed of a propulsion motor is regulated, the rotating speed of the fan blades is reduced to an air preset rotating speed, so that the positive lift force generated by the wings is equal to the self gravity of the fan-wing aircraft, and the fan-wing aircraft stops rising to fly at a fixed altitude;
after the flying in the air is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor is reduced, the fan blades run at a speed lower than the preset rotating speed in the air, and the fan wing aircraft slowly drops to the water surface under the action of self gravity.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the front end part and the rear end part of the aircraft shell are identical in appearance and symmetrically arranged.
When the fan-wing aircraft sails underwater at a fixed depth, the rotating speed of the fan blades is increased or reduced, the negative lifting force is changed to be larger or smaller than the positive buoyancy, so that the depth of the fan-wing aircraft underwater is adjusted, and the fan-wing aircraft can submerge or float upwards;
similarly, when the fan wing aircraft sails at the fixed altitude in the air, the rotating speed of the fan blades is increased or reduced, the positive lifting force is changed to be larger or smaller than the self gravity of the fan wing aircraft, so that the altitude of the fan wing aircraft in the air is adjusted, and the flying altitude is increased or reduced.
The buoyancy adjusting water cabin is positioned in the middle of the aircraft shell, battery bins are respectively arranged in the aircraft shell at the front and the rear of the buoyancy adjusting water cabin, a battery frame is movably arranged in the battery bins, and battery packs are distributed in the battery frames; the battery frame moves in the battery compartment along the length direction of the aircraft shell under the drive of the moving motor, the gravity center position of the wing aircraft is adjusted through the movement of the battery frame, and the trim angle of the wing aircraft is adjusted.
The lead screw is installed to the mobile motor output, and the lead screw passes through the vice cooperation installation of spiral with the battery rack, installs the guide rail between battery rack and the battery compartment wall, and the length direction of guide rail is unanimous with the length direction of aircraft shell.
The steering of the advancing direction is carried out by the rotation speed difference of the fan blades in the wings at the two sides.
Under the underwater navigation and air flight state, the rotation direction of the fan blades relative to the shell of the aircraft is the same, and the 180-degree steering of the wings is used for generating lift force and thrust in opposite directions.
The fan blade is arranged at the other end opposite to the tail end of the wing, and when the fan blade flies in water and in the air, the end of the wing where the fan blade is positioned faces to the incoming flow direction, and the rotating axial direction of the fan blade is perpendicular to the length direction of the shell of the aircraft.
The rotation axis of the wing relative to the aircraft shell and the rotation axis of the fan blade are positioned on the same straight line, and the straight line is vertically positioned at the center of the length direction of the aircraft shell.
The wing is provided with an end part of the fan blade, is an arc surface coaxial with the axis of the fan blade, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the wing are both from the arc surface and are converged to form a sharp angle towards the tail end; one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the wing is of a horizontal plane structure, and the other is of a convex curved surface or inclined surface structure; the horizontal planar structure is the upper surface when sailing underwater, and the horizontal planar structure is the lower surface when flying in air.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure, convenient operation and can adjust the magnitude of the negative lift force by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor when sailing in water, thus realizing floating or submerging; when flying in the air, the wings rotate 180 degrees relative to the shell of the aircraft, the forward end of the aircraft rotates, and the positive lift force is adjusted by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor, so that the adjustment of the flying height is realized; thereby realizing the sea-air dual-purpose navigation of the fan-wing aircraft, and having convenient maintenance, high reliability and good practicability;
the invention also has the following advantages:
the fan blades are arranged in the arc surface at the end part of the wing to form eccentric vortex, negative lift force and thrust are generated to offset positive buoyancy and water resistance of the fan wing aircraft when the fan wing aircraft is underwater, positive lift force and thrust are generated to offset self gravity and air resistance of the fan wing aircraft when the fan wing aircraft is in air, underwater or air flight is realized, and the sizes of the lift force and the thrust can be realized by changing the adjustment of the rotating speed of the fan blades, so that the fan wing aircraft is simple, convenient and reliable;
the two groups of fan blades are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the aircraft to respectively form two groups of fan blade propellers; the number of the fan-wing propellers is small, the maintenance is convenient, the reliability is high, and the control is simple;
the fan-wing propeller can generate lift force and thrust simultaneously as long as the fan-wing propeller starts working, so that the rapid power submerging or short-distance take-off of the water surface of the aircraft is realized, and the medium switching time is short;
the direction of thrust generation of the aircraft is along the longitudinal direction of the aircraft, so that the resistance is small and the power consumption is low;
the fan-wing propeller can generate extremely high lifting force, so that the requirement of the aircraft on dead weight is not high, and therefore, various detection equipment can be carried, the operation capability of the aircraft is greatly improved, and the convenience and the flexibility of the fan-wing aircraft are greatly improved;
because the fan wing aircraft has positive buoyancy, even if the fan wing aircraft is out of control, the fan wing aircraft floats upwards to emit water after energy is exhausted, is not easy to lose, and ensures the safety of underwater navigation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention in an underwater navigation state.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention in an underwater navigation state.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention in an airborne state.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention in an airborne state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the mobile motor and the battery rack in the battery compartment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting of the airfoil and fan blade of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the flow field at the wing in a sailing state.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of the pressure field at a wing in a sailing state according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a wing; 2. an aircraft skin; 3. a battery pack; 4. a battery compartment; 5. a moving motor; 6. a propulsion motor; 7. a fan blade; 8. converting a motor; 9. buoyancy adjusting water tanks; 10. a screw rod; 11. a guide rail; 12. a battery holder; 101. an arc surface; 102. a horizontal planar structure; 103. and an inclined plane structure.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in the marine and air dual-purpose sailing method of the fan-wing aircraft in this embodiment, the fan-wing aircraft includes an aircraft housing 2 with a front-back strip structure, a wing 1 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the bottom surface of the aircraft housing 2 towards two sides, a fan blade 7 is mounted in the wing 1, the fan blade 7 is driven to rotate by a propulsion motor 6, and the wing 1 forms an eccentric vortex at the rotating fan blade 7; the buoyancy adjusting water tank 9 is also arranged in the aircraft shell 2;
the dual-purpose sailing method comprises two running states of underwater sailing and air flying, wherein the front ends of the fan-wing aircraft in the advancing directions are opposite in the two running states, namely, the front end in the advancing direction in the underwater sailing is the rear end in the advancing direction in the air flying;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the operation method of the underwater navigation comprises the following steps:
when the fan wing aircraft is positioned on the water surface, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjusting water tank 9 are opened, water is filled into the buoyancy adjusting water tank 9, and the fan wing aircraft starts to gradually sink until the wings 1 are completely sunk into the water;
the propulsion motor 6 works, the fan blades 7 rotate at a preset rotating speed higher than the underwater speed, downward negative lift force and thrust back to the tail of the wing 1 are generated on the wing 1, and the fan-wing aircraft quickly sails forward and downward until reaching a preset depth;
the rotating speed of the propulsion motor 6 is regulated, the rotating speed of the fan blades 7 is reduced to the preset rotating speed under water, so that the negative lift force generated by the wings 1 is equal to the positive buoyancy of the fan wing craft under water, the fan wing craft stops diving, and the fixed-depth navigation is carried out;
after the underwater navigation is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor 6 is reduced or closed, the fan blades 7 run at a speed far lower than the preset rotating speed under water and even stop running, and the fan wing craft quickly floats to the water surface under the action of positive buoyancy of the fan wing craft;
in this embodiment, when the buoyancy adjustment water tank 9 is filled with water, the fan-wing aircraft can float on the water surface under the combined action of buoyancy and gravity, and the wing 1 and the fan blades 7 thereon are all submerged; when the buoyancy adjustment water tank 9 is emptied of water, the fan wing aircraft can float on the water surface under the combined action of buoyancy and gravity, and the fan blades 7 on the wing 1 are exposed out of the water surface and are in the air.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the operation method of the air flight comprises the following steps:
when the fan-wing aircraft floats to the water surface from underwater, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjustment water tank 9 are opened, water in the buoyancy adjustment water tank 9 is emptied by using a water pump, the fan-wing aircraft continues to float until the fan-wing aircraft floats to the water surface completely, and the wing 1 exposed to the water surface rotates upwards by 180 degrees relative to the aircraft shell 2 under the drive of the conversion motor 8, so that the tail of the wing 1 is reversed relative to the aircraft shell 2;
the propulsion motor 6 works, the fan blades 7 rotate at a speed higher than the preset rotating speed in the air, and upward positive lift force and thrust back to the tail of the wing 1 are generated on the wing 1, so that the fan-wing aircraft flies forward and upward quickly until reaching the preset height;
the rotating speed of the propulsion motor 6 is regulated, the rotating speed of the fan blades 7 is reduced to the preset rotating speed in the air, so that the positive lift force generated by the wings 1 is equal to the self gravity of the fan-wing aircraft, and the fan-wing aircraft stops rising to fly at a fixed altitude;
after the flying in the air is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor 6 is reduced, the fan blades 7 run at a speed lower than the preset rotating speed in the air, and the fan wing aircraft slowly drops to the water surface under the action of self gravity.
In the embodiment, when the ship sails in water, the magnitude of the negative lift force is adjusted by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor 6, so as to realize floating or submerging; when flying in the air, the wings 1 rotate 180 degrees relative to the aircraft shell 2, the forward end of the aircraft rotates, and the positive lift force is adjusted by matching with the rotation speed adjustment of the propulsion motor 6, so that the adjustment of the flying height is realized; thereby realizing the sea-air dual-purpose navigation of the fan-wing aircraft.
The front end and the rear end of the aircraft shell 2 are identical in shape and symmetrically arranged, and the two ends are respectively used as front ends in the advancing direction under different states of underwater navigation and air flight.
When the fan-wing aircraft sails underwater at a fixed depth, the rotating speed of the fan blades 7 is increased or reduced, the negative lifting force is changed to be larger or smaller than the positive buoyancy, so that the underwater depth of the fan-wing aircraft is adjusted, and the submerging or floating action is performed;
similarly, when the fan wing aircraft sails at the fixed altitude in the air, the rotation speed of the fan blades 7 is increased or reduced, the positive lifting force is changed to be larger or smaller than the self gravity of the fan wing aircraft, so that the altitude of the fan wing aircraft in the air is adjusted, and the flying altitude is increased or reduced.
The buoyancy adjusting water tank 9 is positioned in the middle of the aircraft shell 2, battery bins 4 are respectively arranged in the aircraft shell 2 positioned in front of and behind the buoyancy adjusting water tank 9, a battery frame 12 is arranged in the battery bins 4 in a moving manner, and a battery pack 3 is arranged in the battery frame 12; the battery frame 12 is driven by the mobile motor 5 to move in the battery compartment 4 along the length direction of the aircraft housing 2, the gravity center position of the wing aircraft is adjusted by the movement of the battery frame 12, and the trim angle of the wing aircraft is adjusted, so that the navigation attitude of the wing aircraft is stabilized by adjusting the trim angle when the attitude of the aircraft changes.
As shown in fig. 5, a screw rod 10 is mounted at the output end of the mobile motor 5, the screw rod 10 and a battery rack 12 are mounted in a matched manner through a screw pair, a guide rail 11 is mounted between the battery rack 12 and the wall surface of the battery compartment 4, and the length direction of the guide rail 11 is consistent with the length direction of the aircraft shell 2.
In this embodiment, the mobile motor 5 works, and the screw rod 10 rotates, so that the battery rack 12 moves relative to the length direction of the aircraft shell 2 with the guide rail 11 as a guide, thereby adjusting the position of the battery pack 3 relative to the aircraft shell 2, adjusting the gravity center position of the fan wing aircraft in the length direction, realizing adjustment of the trim angle, and helping to stabilize the attitude during navigation.
The forward steering is performed by rotating the rotation speed difference of the fan blades 7 in the wings 1 at two sides, so that the forward steering in the air or underwater is realized.
Under the underwater navigation and air flight state, the rotation direction of the fan blades 7 relative to the aircraft shell 2 is the same, and the 180-degree steering of the wings 1 is used for generating lift force and thrust in opposite directions;
as shown in fig. 2, in the underwater navigation state, the rotation of the fan blades 7 is clockwise as shown in the figure, the lift force is downward negative lift force, the thrust force is rightward as shown by the arrow, and the navigation direction of the fan-wing aircraft under the action of the thrust force is rightward as shown by the arrow;
as shown in fig. 4, in the air flight state, the rotation of the fan blades 7 is clockwise as shown in the drawing, the lift force is positive upward, the thrust force is leftward as shown by the arrow, and the sailing direction of the fan-wing aircraft under the action of the thrust force is leftward as shown by the arrow.
The fan blades 7 are arranged at the other end opposite to the tail end of the wing 1, and when the aircraft flies in water and in the air, the end of the wing 1 where the fan blades 7 are positioned faces the incoming flow direction, and the rotating axial direction of the fan blades 7 is perpendicular to the length direction of the aircraft shell 2.
The axis of rotation of the wing 1 relative to the aircraft skin 2 is aligned with the axis of rotation of the blades 7, which is located perpendicularly to the centre of the aircraft skin 2 in the longitudinal direction.
As shown in fig. 6, the end part of the wing 1 provided with the fan blade 7 is an arc surface 101 coaxial with the axis of the fan blade 7, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the wing 1 are both from the arc surface 101 and meet towards the tail end to form a sharp angle; the upper and lower surfaces of the wing 1 are a horizontal plane structure 102 and a convex curved surface or inclined surface structure 103; the horizontal planar structure 102 is an upper surface when sailing underwater and the horizontal planar structure 102 is a lower surface when flying in the air.
In this embodiment, the horizontal plane structure 102 is tangent to the circular arc surface 101, so that the joint surface and the horizontal plane structure 102 are located on the same plane, and are smooth and natural.
In this embodiment, the fan blades 7 are installed in the arc surface 101 at the end of the wing 1 to form an eccentric vortex, negative lift and thrust are generated to offset positive buoyancy and water resistance of the wing aircraft when the wing aircraft is underwater, positive lift and thrust are generated to offset self gravity and air resistance of the wing aircraft when the wing aircraft is in air, underwater or air flight is realized, and the lift and thrust can be realized by changing the adjustment of the rotation speed of the fan blades 7, so that the wing aircraft is simple, convenient and reliable.
In the embodiment, two groups of fan blades 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the aircraft to respectively form two groups of fan blade propellers; the number of the fan-wing propellers is small, the maintenance is convenient, the reliability is high, and the control is simple;
the fan-wing propeller can generate lift force and thrust simultaneously as long as the fan-wing propeller starts working, so that the rapid power submerging or short-distance take-off of the water surface of the aircraft is realized, and the medium switching time is short;
the direction of thrust generation of the aircraft is along the longitudinal direction of the aircraft, so that the resistance is small and the power consumption is low;
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a flow field diagram and a CFD simulation pressure field diagram are shown when the fan-wing propeller works, when the incoming flow of the medium reaches the front edge of the wing 1 at a speed v, a part of the medium is accelerated by the rotation of the fan blades 7 with a rotating speed n, and flows away from the inclined surface structure 103 of the wing 1 at a speed higher than the incoming flow, so as to form a low-pressure area of the wing 1; the other part of the medium flows along the horizontal plane structure 102 of the wing 1, and the speed of the medium is slightly lower than the incoming flow speed due to the suction effect of the fan blades 7, so that a high-pressure area of the wing 1 is formed; and a part of the medium can rotate at a high speed in the fan blades 7, and a low-pressure eccentric vortex is formed in the fan blades 7, so that the wing 1 finally generates negative lifting force and rightward thrust in the direction of illustration, wherein the force generated by the low-pressure eccentric vortex accounts for about 70% of the total force of the fan wing propeller.
The fan-wing propeller can generate extremely high lifting force, so that the aircraft has low dead weight requirements, and can be loaded with a plurality of detection devices, thereby greatly improving the operation capability of the aircraft and greatly improving the use convenience and flexibility of the fan-wing aircraft.
The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of a fan-wing aircraft is characterized in that: the fan-wing aircraft comprises an aircraft shell (2) with a front-back strip-shaped structure, wherein wings (1) are rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the aircraft shell (2) towards two sides, fan blades (7) are arranged in the wings (1), the fan blades (7) are driven to rotate by a propulsion motor (6), and eccentric vortex is formed at the rotating fan blades (7) by the wings (1); a buoyancy adjusting water tank (9) is also arranged in the aircraft shell (2);
the dual-purpose sailing method comprises two running states of underwater sailing and air flying, wherein the front ends of the fan-wing aircraft in the advancing directions are opposite in the two running states;
the running method of the underwater navigation comprises the following steps:
when the fan wing aircraft is positioned on the water surface, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjusting water tank (9) are opened, water is filled into the buoyancy adjusting water tank (9), and the fan wing aircraft begins to gradually sink until the wings (1) completely sink into the water;
the propulsion motor (6) works, the fan blades (7) rotate at a speed higher than the preset underwater speed, downward negative lift force and thrust back to the tail of the wing (1) are generated on the wing (1), and the fan-wing aircraft quickly navigates forward and downward until reaching the preset depth;
the rotating speed of a propulsion motor (6) is regulated, the rotating speed of fan blades (7) is reduced to an underwater preset rotating speed, so that the negative lift force generated by wings (1) is equal to the positive buoyancy of a wing aircraft under the water, the wing aircraft stops diving, and constant-depth navigation is carried out;
after the underwater navigation is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor (6) is reduced or closed, the fan blades (7) run at a speed far lower than the preset rotating speed under water and even stop, and the fan-wing aircraft quickly floats to the water surface under the action of positive buoyancy of the fan-wing aircraft;
the operation method of the air flight comprises the following steps:
when the fan-wing aircraft floats to the water surface from underwater, a sea valve and a ventilation valve of the buoyancy adjusting water tank (9) are opened, water in the buoyancy adjusting water tank (9) is emptied by using a water pump, the fan-wing aircraft continues to float until the fan-wing aircraft completely floats to the water surface, and the wing (1) exposed to the water surface rotates upwards for 180 degrees relative to the aircraft shell (2) under the driving of the conversion motor (8), so that the tail direction of the wing (1) is reversed relative to the aircraft shell (2);
the propulsion motor (6) works, the fan blades (7) rotate at a speed higher than the preset rotating speed in the air, upward positive lift force and thrust force opposite to the tail part of the wing (1) are generated on the wing (1), and the fan-wing aircraft flies forward and upward rapidly until reaching the preset height;
the rotating speed of a propulsion motor (6) is regulated, the rotating speed of fan blades (7) is reduced to an air preset rotating speed, so that the positive lifting force generated by wings (1) is equal to the self gravity of a fan-wing aircraft, and the fan-wing aircraft stops rising to fly at a fixed altitude;
after the flying in the air is finished, the rotating speed of the propulsion motor (6) is reduced, the fan blades (7) run at a speed lower than the preset rotating speed in the air, and the fan wing aircraft slowly drops to the water surface under the action of self gravity.
2. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front end and the rear end of the aircraft shell (2) are identical in appearance and are symmetrically arranged.
3. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the fan-wing aircraft sails underwater at a fixed depth, the rotating speed of the fan blades (7) is increased or reduced, the negative lift force is changed to be larger or smaller than the positive buoyancy, so that the depth of the fan-wing aircraft under the water is adjusted, and the submerged or floating action is performed;
similarly, when the fan wing aircraft sails at the fixed altitude in the air, the rotation speed of the fan blades (7) is increased or reduced, the positive lifting force is changed to be larger or smaller than the self gravity of the fan wing aircraft, so that the altitude of the fan wing aircraft in the air is adjusted, and the flying altitude is increased or reduced.
4. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buoyancy adjusting water cabin (9) is positioned in the middle of the aircraft shell (2), battery bins (4) are respectively arranged in the aircraft shell (2) positioned in front of and behind the buoyancy adjusting water cabin (9), a battery frame (12) is arranged in the battery bins (4) in a moving manner, and a battery pack (3) is arranged in the battery frame (12); the battery frame (12) moves in the battery compartment (4) along the length direction of the aircraft shell (2) under the drive of the mobile motor (5), and the gravity center position of the wing aircraft is adjusted through the movement of the battery frame (12), so that the trim angle of the wing aircraft is adjusted.
5. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as defined in claim 4 wherein: the lead screw (10) is installed to mobile motor (5) output, and lead screw (10) are installed through screw pair cooperation with battery rack (12), install guide rail (11) between battery rack (12) and battery compartment (4) wall, and the length direction of guide rail (11) is unanimous with the length direction of aircraft shell (2).
6. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotation speed of the fan blades (7) in the wings (1) at two sides is differentiated to turn the advancing direction.
7. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: under underwater navigation and air flight conditions, the rotation direction of the fan blades (7) relative to the aircraft shell (2) is the same, and lift force and thrust with opposite directions are generated through 180-degree steering of the wings (1).
8. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fan blades (7) are arranged at the other end opposite to the tail end of the wing (1), when the aircraft flies in water and in the air, the end parts of the wing (1) where the fan blades (7) are positioned face to the incoming flow direction, and the rotating axial direction of the fan blades (7) is perpendicular to the length direction of the aircraft shell (2).
9. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the rotation axis of the wing (1) relative to the aircraft shell (2) and the rotation axis of the fan blade (7) are positioned on the same straight line, and the straight line is vertically positioned at the center of the length direction of the aircraft shell (2).
10. A method of marine and air navigation of a fan wing craft as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the end part of the wing (1) provided with the fan blade (7) is an arc surface coaxial with the axis of the fan blade (7), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the wing (1) are both from the arc surface and are converged to form a sharp angle towards the tail end; one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the wing (1) is of a horizontal plane structure, and the other is of a convex curved surface or inclined surface structure; the horizontal planar structure is the upper surface when sailing underwater, and the horizontal planar structure is the lower surface when flying in air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210503327.5A CN114905903B (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Sea-air dual-purpose navigation method of fan-wing aircraft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| WO2021248268A1 (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-16 | 天津大学 | Variable-configuration, dual-navigation-state, long-voyage unmanned marine vehicle driven by natural environment fluid |
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