CN114893182A - A kind of mechanized mining equipment and technology based on mutation and fracture modification of hard rock pore array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses mechanized mining equipment and a mechanized mining process based on hard rock hole array mutation and fracture modification, and aims to ensure safe and efficient mining of mine hard rock. Therefore, the mechanical mining equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a travelling mechanism, an intelligent drilling machine, a fracturing mechanism, a high-pressure water injection device and a rock cutting mechanism which are installed on the equipment, wherein the intelligent drilling machine comprises a drilling rod, a sensor for monitoring drilling data of the drilling rod and an intelligent decision-making unit for intelligently sensing the cuttability of rock according to the drilling data, the fracturing mechanism comprises a push rod, a rigid fracturing piece and a first rotary driving piece, the rigid fracturing piece is used for fracturing a hole wall rock body, the first rotary driving piece drives the push rod to rotate so as to adjust the fracturing position of the rigid fracturing piece, the rigid fracturing piece is provided with a ground stress measuring device for measuring the ground stress borne by the hole wall rock body, the drilling rod of the drilling machine is used as a water delivery channel of the high-pressure water injection device, and the drilling hole subjected to rigid fracturing is subjected to secondary fracturing.

Description

A kind of mechanized mining equipment and technology based on the mutation and fracture modification of hard rock pore array

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining hard rock mining, and in particular relates to a mechanized mining equipment and process based on the mutation and fracture modification of hard rock pore arrays.

Background technique

With the continuous trend of deep mining, the traditional drilling and blasting method can no longer meet the requirements of continuous, efficient, intelligent and green mining. Non-explosive mechanized mining based on knife rock breaking is expected to become one of the main alternative methods of mining. However, most of the deep mining is hard rock mining. The interaction between hard rock and tools will lead to high temperature and high wear of the tools, resulting in serious passivation and failure of the tools. Frequent tool replacement will seriously reduce the driving efficiency, increase project expenditure and Extend the construction period. In addition, under the influence of high ground stress, rock burst disasters often occur in deep hard rock mining, which seriously threatens the safety of operators and equipment.

To sum up, in order to ensure the safety and efficiency of hard rock mechanized mining, it is necessary to improve the existing rock non-explosive mechanized mining equipment and technology.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the defects of low mining efficiency and poor safety performance of deep hard rock, the invention proposes a mechanized mining equipment and process based on the mutation and fracture modification of hard rock hole array, which is beneficial to improve rock breaking efficiency and reduce tool wear.

To this end, one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a kind of mechanized mining equipment based on the mutation and fracture modification of hard rock hole arrays, including a traveling mechanism installed at the bottom of the equipment, and a front end of the equipment for drilling the rock mass to be cut. An intelligent drilling rig for hole operation to obtain a rock hole, a fracturing mechanism for fracturing the rock mass of the rock hole wall, and a rock mass cutting mechanism for cutting the rock mass;

The intelligent drilling rig includes a drill pipe, a sensor for monitoring the drilling data of the drill pipe, and an intelligent decision-making unit for intelligently sensing the cutability of the rock according to the drilling data, and the fracturing mechanism includes a push rod, a rigid fracturing piece and a first rotary drive;

After the drill rod is withdrawn from the rock hole, the rigid fracturing member can extend into the rock hole to perform fracturing treatment on the rock mass of the hole wall through the driving of the push rod. The push rod can be driven to rotate to adjust the fracturing position of the rigid fracturing member, and the rigid fracturing member is provided with a geostress measuring device for measuring the geostress of the rock mass on the hole wall;

During the fracturing treatment, the first pre-fracturing treatment is performed on each part of the rock mass of the hole wall by using rigid fracturing parts, and the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall is obtained by using the in-situ stress measurement equipment, and then the part with the smallest in-situ stress is used as the The secondary fracturing position performs rigid directional fracturing on the rock mass of the hole wall.

Specifically, it also includes a high-pressure water injection device, the drill pipe is provided with a water transmission channel, and the high-pressure water injection device can inject high-pressure water into the pressure water through the water transmission channel after the drill pipe is inserted into the rock hole again. in the fractured rock mass.

Specifically, it also includes a cylindrical drum and a second rotary driving member that drives the cylindrical drum to rotate, the intelligent drilling rig and the fracturing mechanism are arranged in the cylindrical drum, the intelligent drilling rig and the rod, the fracturing mechanism includes a plurality of the push rods, the rigid fracturing member is provided at the front end of each push rod, and the front end panel of the cylindrical drum is provided with a plurality of corresponding push rods for the a working channel through which the push rod or the drill rod can pass through alternatively to realize the work, and the cylindrical drum has a first position, a second position and a third position;

Wherein, when the cylindrical drum is in the first position, a plurality of the drill rods are aligned with the plurality of the working channels one by one, and when the cylindrical drum is in the second position, the plurality of the push rods and the plurality of the working channels are aligned one by one. The working passages are aligned one by one, and when the cylindrical drum is located at the third position, the drill rod and the push rod are staggered from the working passage.

Specifically, the equipment is also provided with a mechanical arm that drives the cylindrical drum to move up and down and left and right.

Specifically, the rock mass cutting mechanism is composed of a cutting drum and a height-adjusting swing arm. The front end of the height-adjusting swing arm is provided with the cutting drum, and the rear end of the height-adjusting swing arm is connected to the Swivel platform connection.

Specifically, the rock mass cutting mechanism further includes a sensor arranged on the cutting drum for monitoring the parameters of mining and an intelligent decision-making unit for intelligently sensing the cutability of the rock according to the parameters of mining.

Specifically, the front end of the equipment is also equipped with a bucket for shoveling and cutting off the rock mass.

Specifically, the rigid fracturing element includes two arc-shaped pressure plates arranged opposite each other and a drive assembly for driving the arc-shaped pressure plates to move radially toward the rock hole, and the drive assembly is installed on the front end of the push rod .

Specifically, the driving assembly includes at least two hydraulic struts arranged side by side between the two arc-shaped pressing plates, and two ends of the hydraulic struts are respectively connected with the two arc-shaped pressing plates.

Specifically, the walking mechanism adopts a steel crawler chassis walking mechanism.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention also provides a mechanized mining process using the above-mentioned mining equipment, the mining process includes: using an intelligent drilling machine to perform drilling operations on the rock mass to be cut to obtain rock holes, and at the same time according to drilling data to cut the rock. Intelligent perception of the nature of the rock to evaluate the cutability of the rock;

If the cutability of the rock is judged to be easy to cut, the drill pipe of the smart drilling rig will be retracted, and the rock mass cutting mechanism will be used to break the rock; , use the push rod to extend the rigid fracturing piece into the rock hole, then use the rigid fracturing piece to pre-fract each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and use the in-situ stress measurement equipment to obtain the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall , and then perform rigid directional fracturing on the rock mass of the hole wall by taking the position with the smallest in-situ stress as the secondary fracturing position; after the rigid directional fracturing, the drilling rod is extended to perform high-pressure water injection to promote the fractures after fracturing. Further develops and softens the rock mass, improving the cutability of the rock.

Finally, after the drill pipe is retracted, the rock mass cutting mechanism is used to break the rock. In addition, during the rock breaking process, the rock mass cutting mechanism can intelligently perceive the cutability of the rock according to the intelligent decision-making unit, thereby guiding the design of the optimal rock breaking equipment parameters. In addition, the rock-breaking operation process is compared with the evaluation results of the rock cuttability during the drilling process, and the evaluation accuracy of the rock cutability during the drilling process is continuously optimized. At the same time, the parameter design of rigid directional fracturing and high-pressure water injection operations can also be continuously optimized according to the intelligent evaluation of rock cuttability in the process of rock breaking.

Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The mining device integrates an intelligent drilling rig, a fracturing mechanism, a high-pressure water injection device, and a rock mass cutting mechanism. The rock mass cutting mechanism is used to cut the rock mass, and the intelligent drilling rig can form a hole in the rock mass. At the same time, according to the drilling performance parameters, the cutability of the rock can be intelligently sensed. The fracturing mechanism and the high-pressure water injection device can pre-split the hard rock mass that is difficult to cut, improve its cutability, and finally ensure the safety of hard rock in the mine. , the purpose of efficient mining.

2. Fracturing is divided into primary pre-fracturing and secondary rigid directional fracturing. The secondary rigid directional fracturing takes the minimum in-situ stress direction as the rigid fracturing direction according to the in-situ stress measured during the initial pre-fracturing, which can not only reduce the The load required for fracturing the rock mass, and before the rigid fracturing treatment of the rock mass, tiny pre-compression cracks have been formed around the wall of the rock hole, and the cracks generated by rigid directional fracturing can rapidly expand through these tiny pre-compression cracks And through the entire rock hole wall rock mass, to achieve the purpose of significantly improving the cutability of the rock mass.

3. The high-pressure water injection device is executed after rigid fracturing. It injects high-pressure water into the fractures of the rock mass after rigid fracturing, which can further promote the expansion of the rock mass cracks and soften the rock mass, provide a joint effect for hard rock breakage, and improve the fracture efficiency. At the same time, high-pressure water injection also has the effect of cooling the rock-breaking tool and reducing the amount of dust generated.

4. By arranging sensors on the cutting drum for monitoring the parameters of the mining and the intelligent decision-making unit for intelligently sensing the cutability of the rock according to the parameters of the mining, the rock cutting mechanism can intelligently perceive the cutability of the rock, which is the best way to break the rock. The equipment provides parameter design guidance and can compare it with the rock cuttability obtained during the drilling process, and continuously optimize the evaluation accuracy of the rock cutability during the drilling process. At the same time, according to the rock cutability perceived during the rock breaking process, it can also provide parameter guidance for rigid directional fracturing in the hole and high-pressure water injection in the hole. Through this closed-loop mining mode, non-explosive mechanized intelligent mining of hard rock can be realized.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

1 is a front view of a mining equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the mining equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the fracturing mechanism extending into the rock hole provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a working channel provided on a cylindrical drum according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a rigid fracturing member provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a flow chart of a mechanized mining process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Among them: 1. traveling mechanism; 2. intelligent drilling rig; 201, drill pipe; 202, drill bit; 3. fracturing mechanism; 301, push rod; 302, rigid fracturing part; 3021, arc pressure plate; 3022, drive assembly; 4. Rock mass cutting mechanism; 401, cutting drum; 402, pick pick; 403, height-adjusting swing arm; 404, rotary platform; 5, cylindrical drum; 6, bucket; 7, high pressure water injection device; 8, in and out Oil circuit; 9. Mechanical arm; 10. Working channel.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated devices or elements. It must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, a mechanized mining equipment based on the mutation and fracture modification of hard rock hole array, including a traveling mechanism 1 installed at the bottom of the equipment, installed at the front end of the equipment for drilling the rock mass to be cut to obtain The intelligent drilling rig 2 for rock holes, the fracturing mechanism 3 for fracturing the rock mass of the rock hole and the wall, and the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 for cutting the rock mass; wherein,

The intelligent drilling rig 2 includes a drill pipe 201, a sensor (not shown in the figure) for monitoring the drilling data of the drill pipe 201, and an intelligent decision-making unit (not shown in the figure) for intelligently sensing the cutability of the rock according to the drilling data. , the fracturing mechanism 3 includes a push rod 301, a rigid fracturing member 302 and a first rotational driving member (not shown in the figure). After the drill rod 201 is withdrawn from the rock hole, the rigid fracturing member 302 passes through the The drive can extend into the rock hole to perform fracturing treatment on the rock mass of the hole wall, and the first rotary driving member can drive the push rod 301 to rotate to adjust the fracturing position of the rigid fracturing member 302. The rigid fracturing member 302 is provided with a pair of hole wall rocks. In-situ stress measurement equipment for measuring the in-situ stress on the body, during fracturing treatment, the rigid fracturing element 302 is used to perform initial pre-fracturing treatment on each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and the in-situ stress measurement equipment (not shown in the figure) is used at the same time. The in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall is obtained, and then the rigid directional fracturing of the rock mass of the hole wall is carried out with the position with the smallest in-situ stress as the secondary fracturing position.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, when using the intelligent mining equipment including the above-mentioned embodiment to carry out intelligent mining of hard rock in the mine: use the intelligent drilling rig 2 to carry out drilling operations on the rock mass to be cut to obtain rock holes, and at the same time according to drilling Intelligent perception of rock cuttability by inputting data to evaluate rock cuttability;

If the cutability of the rock is judged to be easy to cut (ie, easy to mine), the drill pipe 201 of the intelligent drilling rig 2 is retracted, and the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is used to break the rock; if the cutability of the rock is judged to be difficult to cut ( that is difficult to mine), then after retracting the drill rod 201 of the intelligent drilling rig 2, the rigid fracturing member 302 is extended into the rock hole by using the push rod 301, and then the rigid fracturing member 302 is used to pre-fract each part of the rock mass of the hole wall. At the same time, use the in-situ stress measurement equipment to obtain the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and then use the part with the smallest in-situ stress as the secondary fracturing position to perform rigid directional fracturing on the rock mass of the hole wall; The rod 301 is retracted, and the drill rod 201 is used to perform high-pressure water injection, which further promotes the expansion of cracks after rigid directional fracturing, softens the rock mass, and improves the cutability of the rock.

Finally, after the drill pipe 201 is retracted, the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is used for rock breaking.

The mining device provided in this embodiment integrates an intelligent drilling rig 2, a fracturing mechanism 3, and a rock mass cutting mechanism 4, wherein the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is used to cut the rock mass, and the intelligent drilling rig 2 can form a drill hole in the rock mass. At the same time, according to the drilling performance parameters, the cutability of the rock can be intelligently sensed, and the fracturing mechanism 3 can pre-split the hard rock mass that is difficult to cut, improve its cutability, and finally achieve the purpose of improving the mining efficiency of hard rock excavation. .

In addition, fracturing is divided into primary pre-fracturing and secondary rigid directional fracturing. The secondary rigid directional fracturing takes the minimum in-situ stress direction as the rigid fracturing direction according to the in-situ stress measured during the initial pre-fracturing, which can not only reduce the The load required for fracturing the rock mass, and before the rigid fracturing treatment of the rock mass, tiny pre-compression cracks have been formed around the wall of the rock hole, and the cracks generated by rigid directional fracturing can rapidly expand through these tiny pre-compression cracks And through the entire rock hole wall rock mass, to achieve the purpose of significantly improving the cutability of the rock mass.

1 and 2, in other embodiments, the above-mentioned mining device further includes a high-pressure water injection device 7, and a water delivery channel is provided in the drill pipe 201. After the drill pipe 201 is inserted into the rock hole again, the high-pressure water injection device 7 can pass through the The water channel injects high-pressure water into the fractured rock mass.

In this embodiment, after the rigid fracturing of the rock mass, the high-pressure water injection device 7 can be used to inject high-pressure water into the cracks of the rock mass after rigid fracturing, which can further promote the expansion of the cracks and soften the rock mass, making it hard rock. The crushing provides a combined effect to improve the rock-breaking efficiency, while the high-pressure water injection also cools the rock-breaking tool and reduces the amount of dust generated. As for the specific structure of the in-situ stress measurement device, it is all in the prior art, and details are not repeated here.

It should be explained that the sensors arranged in the intelligent drilling rig 2 can record the driving force, torque, rotation speed, drilling speed and other drilling parameters during the drilling process. There is a close relationship between the drilling parameters and the specific energy of rock breaking. , which can quantitatively characterize the cutability of the rock, and divide the cutability of the rock into two categories: easy to cut and difficult to cut.

In the formula, SE is the specific energy of rock breaking, F is the driving force, N is the rotational speed, M is the torque, V is the drilling speed, and A is the drilling area. And when SE≤aMPa, the cutability of the rock is defined as easy to cut, and when SE>aMPa, the cutability of the rock is defined as difficult to cut, a is a specific value, and the uniaxial compressive strength UCS and The elastic modulus E is determined according to the rock-breaking specific energy SE, the rock uniaxial compressive strength UCS and the elastic modulus E to establish the rock cutability evaluation standard.

1 and 2, in other embodiments, the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is composed of a cutting drum 401 and a height-adjusting swing arm 403. The cutting drum 401 is evenly distributed with rock-cutting pick-type picks 402. The front end of the swing arm 403 is provided with a cutting drum 401, and the rear end of the height-adjusting swing arm 403 is connected to the rotary platform 404 on the equipment, and the device is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotary platform 404 to rotate in the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, by raising the swing arm 403 and the rotating platform 404, the cutting drum 401 can be driven to swing up and down, left and right, so that the rock cutting position of the cutting drum 401 can be flexibly adjusted.

It can be understood that, in the actual design, based on the same principle as the intelligent drilling rig, in order to realize the intelligent cutting of the rock mass, the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 also includes a sensor arranged on the cutting drum 401 for monitoring the parameters of mining and according to the The intelligent decision-making unit that intelligently perceives the cutability of the rock by mining parameters. The intelligent decision-making unit evaluates the cutability of the rock during the rock-breaking process, which is similar to the drilling process. It can also be calculated according to the rock-breaking specific energy formula of the rock-breaking process. The mining parameters are substituted into the formula to obtain the rock-breaking specific energy in the rock-breaking process. The specific structure of the intelligent decision-making unit and the specific procedures for realizing the intelligent decision-making are all in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 can intelligently perceive the cutability of the rock according to the mining parameters during the rock breaking process, guide the design of the rock breaking parameters, and can compare it with the rock cutability obtained during the drilling process. Compare and continuously optimize the drilling process to evaluate the accuracy of rock cuttability. At the same time, according to the rock cutability perceived during the rock breaking process, it can also provide parameter guidance for rigid directional fracturing in the hole and high-pressure water injection in the hole. Through this closed-loop mining mode, non-explosive mechanized intelligent mining of hard rock can be realized.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 4, in other embodiments, the above-mentioned mining device further includes a cylindrical drum 5 and a second rotary driving member (not shown in the figure) that drives the cylindrical drum 5 to rotate, an intelligent drilling rig 2 and a pressure The fracturing mechanism 3 is arranged in the cylindrical drum 5, the intelligent drilling rig 2 includes a plurality of drill rods 201, the fracturing mechanism 3 includes a plurality of push rods 301, and a rigid fracturing member 302 is provided at the front end of each push rod 301. The front panel of the drum 5 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of working channels 10 for the push rod 301 or the drill rod 201 to pass through to realize the operation. The cylindrical drum 5 has a first position, a second position and a third position; wherein, the cylindrical drum When the 5 is in the first position, the plurality of drill rods 201 are aligned with the plurality of working channels 10 one by one, and when the cylindrical drum 5 is in the second position, the plurality of push rods 301 are aligned with the plurality of working channels 10 one by one, and the cylindrical drum 5 is in the second position. When in the third position, the drill rod 201 and the push rod 301 are staggered from the working channel 10.

In this embodiment, the second rotary drive member is used to drive the cylindrical drum 5 to rotate, so that the drill rod 201 or the push rod 301 can be aligned with the corresponding working channel 10, so that the drill rod 201 or the push rod 301 can pass from the working channel The cylindrical drum 5 will be rotated to the third position after the drilling or fracturing treatment, so that the intelligent drilling rig 2 and the fracturing mechanism 3 can be staggered from the working channel, Therefore, the cylindrical drum 5 can be used for the purpose of protecting the intelligent drilling rig 2 and the fracturing mechanism 3, and the cylindrical drum 5 can be made of materials such as high-strength steel plates. As for the second rotary driving member, the second rotary driving member can be directly driven or indirectly driven by the motor, and will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 4 , specifically, four working channels are distributed in an annular array on the cylindrical drum 5, and the corresponding drill rods 201 and push rods 301 are also distributed in an annular array in the cylindrical drum 5, and the number is four. Each rigid fracturing member 302 contains in-situ stress measurement equipment, and forms a 360° borehole omnidirectional fracturing mode on the plane with four specified fracturing angles, so as to measure the in-situ stress in different directions of the rock mass. The purpose is to adjust the direction of directional fracturing according to the measured in-situ stress.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , it should be noted that, in order to facilitate the intelligent drilling rig 2 and the fracturing mechanism 3 to perform flexible operations on the rock mass to be cut, the equipment is also provided with a robotic arm 9 that drives the cylindrical drum 5 to move up and down and left and right. , the position of the cylindrical drum 5 can be flexibly adjusted by the mechanical arm 9, so as to flexibly adjust the operation position of the intelligent drilling rig 2 or the fracturing mechanism 3, and realize precise drilling or fracturing of the rock mass to be cut. As for the specific structure of the robotic arm 9, all are in the prior art.

1 and 2, specifically, in order to facilitate the transportation of the intercepted rock mass, a bucket 6 is also installed at the front end of the equipment. In order to ensure the smooth movement of the equipment, the walking mechanism 1 can use a steel crawler chassis walking mechanism.

3 and 5 , in other embodiments, the rigid fracturing member 302 includes two oppositely arranged arc-shaped pressure plates 3021 and a drive assembly 3022 for driving the arc-shaped pressure plate 3021 to move radially toward the rock hole, and the drive assembly 3022 is installed On the front end of the push rod 301, the drive assembly 3022 includes at least two hydraulic struts arranged side by side between the two arc-shaped pressing plates 3021, the two ends of each hydraulic strut are respectively connected with the two arc-shaped pressing plates 3021, and the hydraulic struts 3021 The axis of the piston rod is perpendicular to the hole wall of the rock hole. The hydraulic strut 3021 can drive the arc-shaped pressure plate 3022 to move outward and squeeze the hole wall of the rock hole to cause cracking or make the arc-shaped pressure plate 3022 retract away from the hole wall. The inlet and outlet oil passages 8 of the 2000 extend out from the rear end of the push rod 301 .

1-6, a mechanized mining process using the above-mentioned mechanized mining equipment, including:

Firstly, the intelligent drilling rig 2 is used in combination with the drill pipe 201 and the drill bit 202 to perform drilling operations on the rock mass to be cut to obtain rock holes, and at the same time, the rock cuttability is intelligently sensed according to the drilling data, and the rock cutability is evaluated;

If the cutability of the rock is judged to be easy to cut, the drill pipe 201 of the smart drilling rig 2 is retracted, and the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is used to break the rock; if the cutability of the rock is judged to be difficult to cut, the After the drill rod 201 is retracted, the cylindrical drum 5 is rotated to a certain angle so that the position of the fracturing mechanism 3 is exactly the same as the drilling position, and the rigid fracturing member 302 is extended into the rock hole by using the push rod 301, and then the rigid fracturing is used. Part 302 performs pre-fracturing treatment on each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and at the same time uses the in-situ stress measurement equipment to obtain the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and then takes the part with the smallest in-situ stress as the secondary fracturing position to rigidly conduct the rigidity of the rock mass of the hole wall. directional fracturing;

After rigid directional fracturing, in order to further damage the integrity of the rock mass, high-pressure water injection is used to jointly induce fracture of the rock mass. First, the fracturing mechanism 3 is retracted into the cylindrical drum 5 . Then, rotate the cylindrical drum 5 to adjust the drill rod 201 back to the original drilling position and extend into the borehole for high-pressure water injection combined to induce fractured rock mass;

After high-pressure water injection causes fracturing, the drilling rod 201 is retracted, and finally, the rock mass cutting mechanism 4 is used to break the rock.

Unless otherwise stated in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any person skilled in the art should understand that: the preferred numerical range is only Among the many implementable numerical values, the technical effect is relatively obvious or representative. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, only some numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values shall not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves parts or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, fixed connection can be understood as: detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws), or It is understood as: non-removable fixed connection (such as riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (such as using a casting process to integrally form) (except that it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure used to represent positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar to, similar to, or close to. Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of individual components, or may be a single component manufactured by an integral molding process.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. Neither need nor can all embodiments be exhaustive here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of mechanized mining equipment based on hard rock hole array mutagenesis and fracture modification, including the running gear (1) installed at the bottom of the equipment, it is characterized in that: also include being installed at the front end of the equipment for drilling the rock mass to be cut an intelligent drilling rig (2) operating to obtain a rock hole, a fracturing mechanism (3) for fracturing the rock mass of the rock hole wall, and a rock mass cutting mechanism (4) for cutting the rock mass; The intelligent drilling rig (2) includes a drill pipe (201), a sensor for monitoring drilling data of the drill pipe (201), and an intelligent decision-making unit for intelligently sensing rock cuttability according to the drilling data, and the fracturing mechanism (3) comprising a push rod (301), a rigid fracturing member (302) and a first rotational driving member; After the drill rod (201) is withdrawn from the rock hole, the rigid fracturing member (302) can be extended into the rock hole by being driven by the push rod (301) to perform fracturing on the rock mass of the hole wall In the process, the first rotary driving member can drive the push rod (301) to rotate to adjust the fracturing position of the rigid fracturing member (302), and the rigid fracturing member (302) is provided with a pair of In-situ stress measurement equipment for measuring the in-situ stress on the rock mass of the hole wall; During the fracturing treatment, the rigid fracturing element (302) is used to perform the initial pre-fracturing treatment on each part of the rock mass of the hole wall, and at the same time, the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall is obtained by using the in-situ stress measurement equipment, and then the minimum in-situ stress is obtained. The position is used as the secondary fracturing position to perform rigid directional fracturing on the rock mass of the hole wall. 2. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a high-pressure water injection device (7), a water delivery channel is provided in the drill pipe (201), and the high-pressure water injection device (7) can After the drill pipe (201) is inserted into the rock hole again, high-pressure water is injected into the fractured rock mass through the water conveyance channel. 3. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a cylindrical drum (5) and a second rotary driving member that drives the cylindrical drum (5) to rotate, the intelligent drilling rig (2) and all the The fracturing mechanism (3) is arranged in the cylindrical drum (5), the intelligent drilling rig (2) includes a plurality of the drill pipes (201), and the fracturing mechanism (3) includes a plurality of the push rods (201). A rod (301), the rigid fracturing member (302) is provided at the front end of each push rod (301), and a plurality of corresponding push rods (302) are provided on the front panel of the cylindrical drum (5) for the push rod (301). The rod (301) or the drill rod (201) alternatively passes through the working channel (10) to realize the work, and the cylindrical drum (5) has a first position, a second position and a third position; wherein, When the cylindrical drum (5) is in the first position, the plurality of drill rods (201) are aligned with the plurality of the working channels (10) one by one, and when the cylindrical drum (5) is in the second position, A plurality of the push rods (301) are aligned with the plurality of the working channels (10) one by one, and when the cylindrical drum (5) is in the third position, the drill rod (201) and the push rod ( 301) is staggered from the working channel (10). 4. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equipment is further provided with a mechanical arm (9) that drives the cylindrical drum (5) to move up and down and left and right. 5. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the rock mass cutting mechanism (4) is composed of a cutting drum (401) and a height-adjusting swing arm (403), the height-adjusting swing arm The front end of (403) is provided with the cutting drum (401), and the rear end of the height-adjusting swing arm (403) is connected to the rotary platform (404) on the equipment. 6 . The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1 , wherein a bucket ( 6 ) for shoveling and cutting off rock mass is also installed at the front end of the equipment. 7 . 7. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rigid fracturing member (302) comprises two arc-shaped pressing plates (3021) arranged oppositely and drives the arc-shaped pressing plates (3021) toward A drive assembly (3022) for moving the rock hole radially, the drive assembly (3022) is mounted on the front end of the push rod (301). 8. The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the drive assembly (3022) comprises at least two hydraulic struts arranged side by side between the two arc-shaped pressing plates (3021), the hydraulic Both ends of the strut are respectively connected with the two arc-shaped pressing plates (3021). 9 . The mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the traveling mechanism ( 1 ) adopts a steel crawler chassis traveling mechanism. 10 . 10. A mechanized mining process based on mutation and fracture modification of hard rock hole arrays, using the mechanized mining equipment described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the mining process comprises: utilizing an intelligent drilling rig (2) Drilling is performed on the rock mass to be cut to obtain rock holes, and at the same time, the cutability of the rock is intelligently sensed according to the drilling data, and the cutability of the rock is evaluated; If the cutability of the rock is judged to be easy to cut, the drill pipe (201) of the intelligent drilling rig (2) is retracted, and the rock mass cutting mechanism (4) is used to break the rock; if the cutability of the rock is judged to be difficult to cut, Then, after retracting the drill pipe (201) of the intelligent drilling rig (2), the rigid fracturing member (302) is extended into the rock hole by using the push rod (301), and then the rigid fracturing member (302) is used to compress the rock mass of the hole wall. Pre-fracturing is carried out on each part, and the in-situ stress of each part of the rock mass of the hole wall is obtained by using the in-situ stress measurement equipment, and then rigid directional fracturing is performed on the rock mass of the hole wall with the part with the smallest in-situ stress as the secondary fracturing position; After fracturing, retract the push rod (301), and then extend the drill rod (201) into the borehole again for high-pressure water injection, so as to further expand the fractures after fracturing and soften the rock mass, so as to improve the cutability of the rock. ; Finally, after the drill pipe (201) is retracted, the rock mass cutting mechanism (4) is used for rock breaking.

Images