[go: up one dir, main page]

CN114889255B - Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114889255B
CN114889255B CN202210406552.7A CN202210406552A CN114889255B CN 114889255 B CN114889255 B CN 114889255B CN 202210406552 A CN202210406552 A CN 202210406552A CN 114889255 B CN114889255 B CN 114889255B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
fiber
flame
retardant
aramid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210406552.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114889255A (en
Inventor
陈敏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shaanxi Gildland Science & Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Shaanxi Gildland Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shaanxi Gildland Science & Technology Co ltd filed Critical Shaanxi Gildland Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202210406552.7A priority Critical patent/CN114889255B/en
Publication of CN114889255A publication Critical patent/CN114889255A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114889255B publication Critical patent/CN114889255B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B32B37/1292—Application of adhesive selectively, e.g. in stripes, in patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B32B5/073—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper characterised by the fibrous or filamentary layer being mechanically connected to another layer by sewing, stitching, hook-and-loop fastening or stitchbonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
    • B32B5/266—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/275—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one woven fabric layer next to a non-woven fabric layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B32B2262/0238—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B32B2262/144—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B32B2262/148—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B32B2266/057—Silicon-containing material, e.g. glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/12—Gel
    • B32B2266/126—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/308—Heat stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/582—Tearability
    • B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种三明治结构阻燃隔热消防服面料及方法，该面料从外到内依次设置阻燃热反射层、防水透湿层、三明治状隔热层、舒适层；所述阻燃热反射层采用有机耐高温纤维和阻燃纤维素纤维组成并且外侧设置热反射防护膜；所述防水透湿层采用膨体PTFE微孔防水透湿膜；所述三明治状隔热层由第一层、第二层及第三层通过菱形的点状方法粘结组成，三层均为针刺无纺布，其中第二层带有透气孔洞。本发明制备的每层面料中阻燃材料的搭配、阻燃热反射层新技术的使用以及隔热层新结构、新材料的设计，使防护服具有永久的阻燃性能以及绝佳的隔热效果。

The present invention discloses a sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation fire suit fabric and method, the fabric is sequentially provided with a flame retardant heat reflective layer, a waterproof and breathable layer, a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer, and a comfort layer from the outside to the inside; the flame retardant heat reflective layer is composed of organic high temperature resistant fiber and flame retardant cellulose fiber and a heat reflective protective film is arranged on the outside; the waterproof and breathable layer is made of expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and breathable film; the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer is composed of a first layer, a second layer and a third layer bonded by a diamond point method, and the three layers are all needle-punched non-woven fabrics, and the second layer has breathable holes. The combination of flame retardant materials in each layer of fabric prepared by the present invention, the use of new technology for flame retardant heat reflective layer, and the design of new structure and new materials for heat insulation layer make the protective clothing have permanent flame retardant performance and excellent heat insulation effect.

Description

Sandwich-structure flame-retardant heat-insulation firefighter uniform fabric and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional textiles, and particularly relates to a sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The flame-retardant heat-insulating protective clothing is indispensable protective equipment for firefighters in fire extinguishing operation, can effectively reduce the damage of high temperature radiation to firefighters in fire, and provides various aspects of flame-retardant heat insulation, heat radiation protection, water prevention and the like for human bodies.
The existing fire-fighting suit consists of 4 fabric layers, namely a flame-retardant heat reflection layer, a waterproof moisture-permeable layer, a heat insulation layer and a comfortable layer from outside to inside; in order to meet the protection requirements in combat, the raw materials and the structure of the protective clothing have special requirements, and the performance requirements of the protective clothing are more severe than those of common fabrics.
For the flame-retardant heat reflection layer of protective clothing, at present, it is common to attach an aluminum foil to the flame-retardant heat reflection layer, and as the base cloth is made of flexible materials, the aluminum foil and the materials are difficult to compound, the overall rigidity and flexibility are easy to be unevenly distributed, so that local stress between the aluminum foil and the materials is large, and particularly, the aluminum foil can be fallen off in the special operation process of firefighters, and in addition, the aluminum foil can be fallen off in a moist environment. And the aluminum foil has poor air permeability and moisture permeability, so that sweat generated in a high-temperature environment of a human body is difficult to discharge out of the human body, and the comfort of the protective clothing is greatly reduced.
For the heat insulation layer of protective clothing, a fluffy non-woven fabric with a large thickness, such as a needled or spunlaced felt, is generally used at present, has a heavy weight and strong hygroscopicity, is airtight, increases the load feel for personnel in high-temperature operation, and easily causes human scald due to the blocking effect of the heavy non-woven fabric when sweat generated by human body is vaporized at high temperature.
With the development of protection technology, the requirements on the performance of protective clothing are higher and higher, particularly comfort and heat insulation, the air permeability of the fabric is greatly reduced by the aluminum foil commonly used in the protective clothing, the heat insulation property and air permeability of the heat insulation layer are required to be improved, and the weight of the whole clothing is increased by the thick non-woven fabric, so that the thick feel of the whole protective clothing, the air permeability of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 and the heat insulation property of the heat insulation layer are worthy of important study.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the main purpose of the invention is to provide a sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The embodiment of the invention provides a sandwich-structure flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, which is sequentially provided with a flame-retardant heat reflection layer, a waterproof moisture-permeable layer, a sandwich-like heat-insulating layer and a comfortable layer from outside to inside;
the flame-retardant heat reflection layer is composed of organic high-temperature resistant fibers and flame-retardant cellulose fibers, and a heat reflection protective film is arranged on the outer side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer;
The waterproof moisture-permeable layer adopts an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable membrane;
the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer is formed by bonding a first layer, a second layer and a third layer through a diamond-shaped point method, wherein the three layers are all needle-punched non-woven fabrics, and the second layer is provided with ventilation holes;
The comfortable layer is made of at least one of flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant viscose, coolmax fiber and nylon fiber.
In the scheme, the flame-retardant heat reflection layer adopts a three-li lattice structure, the warp and weft yarns adopt blended yarns of organic high-temperature resistant fibers and flame-retardant cellulose fibers, and the flame-retardant heat reflection layer comprises, by mass, 40% -70% of organic high-temperature resistant fibers and 30% -60% of flame-retardant cellulose fibers, wherein the organic high-temperature resistant fibers adopt at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) and polysulfonamide fibers, and the flame-retardant cellulose fibers adopt flame-retardant viscose fibers or flame-retardant cotton fibers.
In the scheme, the thermal reflection protective film is coated with an aluminum film and a zinc oxide film or a silicon dioxide film on one side of the fabric by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the aluminum film is 7.5-12.5 mu m, and the thickness of the zinc oxide film or the silicon dioxide film is 7.5-12.5 mu m.
In the scheme, the thickness of the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and moisture-permeable membrane is 1-5 mu m, and micropores are formed in the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and moisture-permeable membrane, and the aperture of the micropores is 0.5-2.5 mu m.
In the scheme, the first layer and the third layer in the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer are the same in raw materials, and the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer comprises, by mass, 30% -50% of organic high-temperature resistant fibers, 10% -40% of nano aramid aerogel fibers and 20% -50% of flame-retardant cellulose fibers; the organic high-temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of aramid fiber 1313, aramid fiber 1414 and polyimide fiber (PI), and the flame-retardant cellulose fiber adopts at least one of flame-retardant viscose fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber; the second layer comprises, by mass, 20% -60% of organic high-temperature resistant fibers, 10% -30% of SiO 2 aerogel, 20% -40% of common flame-retardant fibers and 10% -30% of basalt fibers; the organic high-temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of aramid 1414, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) and polysulfonamide fiber, and the common flame-retardant fiber adopts at least one of nitrile-chloridion fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber.
In the scheme, the weave structure of the comfortable layer adopts weft double weave or warp double weave to form the double-sided effect woven fabric.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, which is realized by the following steps:
Step (1): preparing a flame-retardant heat reflection layer, namely blending the required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, weaving the warp and weft yarns by a loom to obtain the fabric required by the flame-retardant heat reflection layer, and plating the required heat reflection protective film on the outermost side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer by a magnetron sputtering method;
step (2): preparing a waterproof moisture-permeable layer, namely mixing PTFE raw materials and auxiliary agents according to a mass ratio of 1:0.46 by a multidirectional stretcher, and performing compression molding, double-roller calendaring, drying, stretching, sintering and cooling processes by a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable film;
step (3): preparing a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer, namely sequentially carrying out opening, carding, fiber lapping, needle punching and reinforcement on the needed fibers of each layer according to a proportion to form loose structure, wherein gaps exist in the structure to obtain non-woven fabrics of a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, carrying out a perforating process on the non-woven fabrics of the second layer, sequentially carrying out punctiform bonding on the first layer, the second layer and the third layer through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant viscose, and reserving gaps among the layers to form a regular air heat insulation cavity;
Step (4): preparing a comfort layer, namely blending required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, and weaving a required warp and weft double fabric according to a designed upper machine diagram;
step (5): the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, the waterproof moisture-permeable layer, the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer and the comfortable layer are overlapped layer by layer through a lamination stitching technology to form the flame-retardant heat insulation firefighter uniform fabric with the sandwich structure.
In the above scheme, the auxiliary agent in the step (2) comprises polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, a liquid lubricant and a hydrophobic material.
In the above scheme, the preparation process of the second layer in the step (3) is as follows: sequentially opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and reinforcing the needed organic high-temperature resistant fibers, basalt fibers and the like according to a proportion to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, adding n-ethanol (EtOH) into H 2 O for dilution, adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), dripping an HCl ethanol solution after uniform stirring, adjusting the pH value to 3-5, continuously stirring uniformly, placing in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, dripping an ammonia water solution for adjusting the pH value to 5-8, placing the organic high-temperature resistant fiber needled felt in a mould, vacuumizing, sucking sol by utilizing a pressure difference, fully impregnating the fiber felt with the solution, waiting for gel, placing the gel in an aging solution for ageing, performing hydrophobic modification after ageing, using n-hexane for replacement for 3 times every day, immersing a sample in n-hexane after the replacement is completed, sealing, pricking holes at a sealing position for controlling the volatilization speed of the n-hexane, drying by adopting a gradient heating method to obtain the organic high-temperature resistant fiber reinforced SiO 2 non-woven fabric felt, namely a second layer, and carrying out open-pore working procedures on the non-woven fabric of the second layer.
In the scheme, the preparation method of the nano aramid aerogel fiber in the step (3) comprises the steps of cutting the aramid fiber into short fibers with the length of about 3cm, adding methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, and then washing and drying by deionized water; mixing the cleaned aramid short fiber with KOH, dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water, stirring at room temperature to form thick dark red nanometer aramid dispersion liquid, taking the nanometer aramid dispersion liquid as spinning solution, and preparing the nanometer aramid gel fiber by a wet spinning method.
Compared with the prior art, the protective clothing has permanent flame retardant property and excellent heat insulation effect due to the collocation of flame retardant materials in each layer of fabric, the use of a novel technology of a flame retardant heat reflection layer, a novel structure of a heat insulation layer and the design of a novel material.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fire-retardant heat-insulating fire-fighting suit fabric with a sandwich structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sandwich insulation layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hole distribution and bonding points of the second layer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the devices or elements being referred to must have specific directions, be constructed and operated in specific directions, so that the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration, are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms described above may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiment of the invention provides a sandwich-structure flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, which is provided with a flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, a waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, a sandwich-like heat-insulating layer 3 and a comfortable layer 4 in sequence from outside to inside as shown in figures 1-3;
The flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 is composed of organic high-temperature resistant fibers and flame-retardant cellulose fibers, and a heat reflection protective film is arranged on the outer side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer;
the waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2 adopts an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable membrane;
The sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3 is formed by bonding a first layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33 through a diamond-shaped point method, wherein the three layers are all needle-punched non-woven fabrics, and the second layer 32 is provided with ventilation holes;
the comfortable layer 4 is made of at least one of flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant viscose, coolmax fiber and nylon fiber.
The flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 adopts a three-li structure, wherein the warp and weft yarns adopt blended yarns of organic high-temperature resistant fibers and flame-retardant cellulose fibers, and the weight percentage of the blended yarns is 40-70% of the weight percentage of the organic high-temperature resistant fibers and 30-60% of the weight percentage of the flame-retardant cellulose fibers, wherein the organic high-temperature resistant fibers adopt at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) and polysulfonamide fibers, the flame-retardant cellulose fibers adopt flame-retardant viscose fibers or flame-retardant cotton fibers, the warp count is 20S, the weft count is 16S, the warp density is 426-502 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 220-240 pieces/10 cm, and the gram weight is 216g/m 2～246g/m2.
The three-lattice tissue structure ensures that the fabric has excellent tear resistance so as to meet the requirements of special operation of firefighters;
The thermal reflection protective film is formed by plating an aluminum film and a zinc oxide film or a silicon dioxide film on one side of the fabric in sequence by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the aluminum film is 7.5-12.5 mu m, and the thickness of the zinc oxide film or the silicon dioxide film is 7.5-12.5 mu m.
The aluminum foil, the zinc oxide film or the silicon dioxide film is used as a heat reflection protective layer, so that the problems of air impermeability, easiness in breakage and infirm of the aluminum foil are solved, and the heat reflection effect of the protective clothing is improved on the premise of ensuring good air permeability of the fabric due to the combined use of the aluminum foil and the zinc oxide film or the silicon dioxide film.
The thickness of the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable membrane is 1-5 mu m, the weight of the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable membrane is 20-30 g/m 2, micro-pores are formed in the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable membrane, the aperture of each micro-pore is 0.5-2.5 mu m, the wet weight of the firefighter uniform is greatly reduced, and the hidden danger of scalding the human body caused by steam is eliminated due to the excellent waterproof moisture permeability.
The first layer 31 and the third layer 33 in the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3 are the same in raw materials, and the mass percentages of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are 30% -50% of organic high-temperature resistant fibers, 10% -40% of nano aramid aerogel fibers and 20% -50% of flame-retardant cellulose fibers; the organic high-temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of aramid fiber 1313, aramid fiber 1414 and polyimide fiber (PI), and the flame-retardant cellulose fiber adopts at least one of flame-retardant viscose fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber; the second layer 32 comprises, by mass, 20% -60% of organic high-temperature resistant fibers, 10% -30% of SiO 2 aerogel, 20% -40% of common flame-retardant fibers and 10% -30% of basalt fibers; the organic high-temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of polysulfonamide fiber, aramid 1414 and poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO), and the common flame-retardant fiber adopts a nitrile-chloron fiber or a flame-retardant cotton fiber.
The second layer 32 is provided with ventilation holes, and the aperture is 3mm; the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 are bonded in a punctiform manner through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant adhesive, bonding points and ventilation holes are distributed in a diamond shape, and the side length of the diamond is 3cm.
The porous non-woven fabric has good air permeability, can store static air, is bonded between three layers of fabrics by a diamond-shaped point method, has a good integral structure, can improve the integral performance of a composite material, and has an air layer in the middle of the fabrics, thereby reducing the heat conductivity of the material and improving the heat insulation performance of the material.
The texture of the comfortable layer 4 adopts weft double texture or warp double texture to form double-sided woven fabric, one surface contacting with skin is Coolmax fiber or nylon fiber, the double-sided woven fabric has the function of moisture conduction and quick drying, the flame-retardant viscose or cotton fiber on the other surface has good hygroscopicity, a moisture conduction and moisture absorption system is integrally formed, sweat generated by firefighters in high-temperature operation can be rapidly discharged, steam scalding is avoided, and in addition, the double-sided woven fabric has good skin-friendly, moisture absorption and sweat discharge effects, and the comfort of protective clothing is improved.
When the texture is weft doubles, the surface weft adopts flame-retardant cotton or flame-retardant viscose fiber, and the warp and the inner weft adopt Coolmax fiber or nylon fiber. When the texture is warp double, the surface warp adopts flame-retardant cotton or flame-retardant viscose fiber, and the weft and the inner warp adopt Coolmax fiber or nylon fiber. The warp yarn count is 45S, the weft yarn count is 45S, the warp density is 434-544 yarns/10 cm, the weft density is 314-402 yarns/10 cm, and the gram weight is 100-130 g/m 2.
The invention has the advantages of permanent flame retardant property and excellent heat insulation effect due to the collocation of flame retardant materials in each layer of fabric, the use of the novel technology of the flame retardant heat reflection layer 1, the novel structure of the heat insulation layer and the design of the novel material.
The use of the flame-retardant fiber and the high-temperature-resistant fiber in the flame-retardant reflecting layer enables the fabric to have higher flame retardance and high temperature resistance; compared with widely used aluminum foil and other aluminum plating film technologies, the aluminum foil plating film has the characteristics of good film plating fastness and flexibility, and the heat reflection film plated by magnetron sputtering is discontinuous, but has higher heat reflection effect, and the biggest characteristics are higher air permeability, which cannot be achieved by the traditional aluminum foil lamination. In addition, the double-layer film of the aluminum film and the zinc oxide film has better heat reflection effect.
The novel structure adopted by the sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3 enables the protective clothing fabric to have the capacity of storing more static air, and the holes distributed in the diamond shape not only lighten the weight of the fabric, but also increase the air permeability and heat insulation of the fabric. Compared with the commonly used heavy non-woven fabrics and felts, the air layer in the fabric is more, so that the effect is greatly improved; the wet weight of the fabric is reduced, and the load of firefighters during operation is reduced; the air permeability is good, and steam scalding is avoided during high-temperature operation. In addition, the novel material nanometer aramid aerogel fiber and the organic high-temperature resistant fiber reinforced SiO 2 aerogel non-woven fabric are used, so that the heat insulation performance of the fabric is further optimized.
The flame-retardant viscose fiber or the flame-retardant cotton fiber adopted by the comfort layer 4 has good moisture absorption performance, the Coolmax fiber or the flame-retardant nylon fiber has the function of moisture conduction, the use of the weft yarn double or weft yarn double organization structure leads the inner layer of the fabric to conduct moisture, the surface layer to absorb moisture, the moisture absorption and perspiration performance is good, the skin is soft, and the protective clothing has more wearing comfort.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, which is realized by the following steps:
Step (1): preparing a flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, blending required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, weaving the warp and weft yarns by a loom to obtain a fabric required by the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, and plating required heat reflection protective films on the outermost side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 by a magnetron sputtering method;
Step (2): preparing a waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, mixing PTFE raw materials and auxiliary agents according to a mass ratio of 1:0.46 by a multidirectional stretcher, and performing compression molding, double-roller calendaring, drying, stretching, sintering and cooling processes by a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable film;
specifically, the auxiliary agent comprises polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, a liquid lubricant and a hydrophobic material, wherein the hydrophobic material is nano hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder is as follows: liquid lubricant: hydrophobic material = 1:0.28:0.18.
Step (3): preparing a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3, namely sequentially carrying out opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and hot-pressing on required fibers of each layer according to a proportion to form loose structure, wherein gaps exist in the structure to obtain non-woven fabrics of a first layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33, carrying out a perforating process on the non-woven fabrics of the second layer 32, sequentially carrying out punctiform bonding on the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant viscose, and reserving gaps among the layers to form a regular air heat insulation cavity;
Specifically, the raw materials and the preparation process of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are the same, and the specific steps are as follows: the required organic high-temperature resistant fiber, nano aramid aerogel fiber and flame-retardant cellulose fiber are sequentially subjected to opening, carding, fiber lapping, needle punching and reinforcement and hot pressing according to the mass percentage to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, and the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are respectively obtained.
The second layer 32 preparation process: sequentially opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and reinforcing the needed organic high-temperature resistant fibers, the common flame-retardant fibers and basalt fibers according to a proportion to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, adding n-ethanol (EtOH) into H 2 O for dilution, adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), stirring uniformly, dripping an HCl ethanol solution, adjusting pH to 3-5, continuously stirring uniformly, placing in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, dripping an ammonia water solution for adjusting pH to 5-8, placing the needled felt with the high-temperature resistant fibers in a mold, vacuumizing, sucking sol by utilizing pressure difference, fully impregnating the fiber felt with the solution, waiting for gel, placing the gel in an aging solution for ageing, performing hydrophobic modification after ageing, using n-hexane for replacement for 3 times every day, immersing a sample in n-hexane after the replacement is completed, sealing, pricking holes at a sealing position for controlling the volatilization speed of the n-hexane, drying by adopting a gradient heating method to obtain the organic high-temperature resistant fiber reinforced SiO 2 non-woven fabric aerogel, namely the second layer 32, and carrying out open-pore working procedures on the non-woven fabric 32.
After the preparation of the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 is completed, the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 are sequentially subjected to point bonding according to fig. 3 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant adhesive, and gaps are reserved among the layers so as to form a regular air heat insulation cavity.
The preparation method of the nanometer aramid aerogel fiber in the step (3) comprises the steps of cutting the aramid fiber into short fibers with the length of about 3cm, adding methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, and then washing and drying by deionized water; mixing the cleaned aramid short fiber with KOH, dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water, stirring at room temperature to form thick dark red nanometer aramid dispersion liquid, taking the nanometer aramid dispersion liquid as spinning solution, and preparing the nanometer aramid gel fiber by a wet spinning method.
Step (4): preparing a comfort layer 4, namely blending the required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, and weaving the required warp and weft double fabrics according to a designed upper woven picture;
Step (5): the flame-retardant outer layer, the waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, the sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer 3 and the comfortable layer 4 are overlapped layer by layer through a lamination stitching technology to form the flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric with the sandwich structure.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, wherein a flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer is adopted as warp and weft yarns of the fabric, and the fabric comprises, by mass, 40% of aramid 1313, 10% of aramid 1414 and 50% of flame-retardant viscose fiber, wherein the warp and weft yarns of the fabric are blended yarns of aramid 1313, aramid 1414 and flame-retardant viscose fiber. The fabric has the specification of 20S warp yarn count, 16S weft yarn count, 432 warp yarns/10 cm, 220 weft yarns/10 cm and 218g/m 2 gram weight. An aluminum film is firstly plated on the reverse side of the fabric, namely the side close to the waterproof moisture permeable layer, by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, the thickness of the aluminum film is 7.5 mu m, then a zinc oxide film is plated on the outer surface of the aluminum film, the thickness of the zinc oxide film is 12.5 mu m, and the total thickness of the heat reflection layer film is 20 mu m.
Wherein the thickness of the film is 3 mu m, the weight is 22g/m 2, and the PTFE film is provided with micro-pores with the aperture of 1 mu m.
The sandwich-like heat insulation layer 3 comprises aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), basalt fiber, flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant vinylon, nitrile-chloron fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and nanometer aramid aerogel fiber as raw materials. The first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are made of the same raw materials, and are several kinds of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), nano aramid aerogel fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 40% of aramid 1313, 10% of aramid 1414, 30% of flame-retardant viscose fiber and 20% of nano aramid aerogel fiber. The raw materials of the second layer 32 are basalt fiber, siO 2 aerogel, aramid 1414, polysulfonamide fiber, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO), nitrile-chloron fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 10% of aramid 1414, 40% of polysulfonamide fiber, 20% of basalt fiber, 20% of flame-retardant cotton fiber and 10% of SiO 2 aerogel. The total gram weight of the sandwich structure is 315g/m 2, wherein the gram weight of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 is 110g/m 2, and the gram weight of the second layer 32 is 95g/m 2.
Wherein the comfort layer 4 adopts weft double organization, the surface weft adopts flame-retardant viscose fiber, and the warp and the inner weft adopt Coolmax fiber. The warp yarn count is 45S, the weft yarn count is 45S, the warp density is 434 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 314 pieces/10 cm, and the gram weight is 103g/m 2.
The preparation method of the sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric is realized through the following steps:
Step (1): preparing a flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, blending required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, weaving the warp and weft yarns by a loom to obtain a fabric required by the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, and plating required heat reflection protective films on the outermost side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 by a magnetron sputtering method;
Step (2): preparing a waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, mixing PTFE raw materials and auxiliary agents according to a mass ratio of 1:0.46 by a multidirectional stretcher, and performing compression molding, double-roller calendaring, drying, stretching, sintering and cooling processes by a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable film;
specifically, the auxiliary agent comprises polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, a liquid lubricant and a hydrophobic material, wherein the hydrophobic material is nano hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder is as follows: liquid lubricant: hydrophobic material = 1:0.28:0.18.
Step (3): preparing a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3, namely sequentially carrying out opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and hot-pressing on required fibers of each layer according to a proportion to form loose structure, wherein gaps exist in the structure to obtain non-woven fabrics of a first layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33, carrying out a perforating process on the non-woven fabrics of the second layer 32, sequentially carrying out punctiform bonding on the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant viscose, and reserving gaps among the layers to form a regular air heat insulation cavity;
Specifically, the raw materials and the preparation process of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are the same, and the specific steps are as follows: the required organic high-temperature resistant fiber, nano aramid aerogel fiber and flame-retardant cellulose fiber are sequentially subjected to opening, carding, fiber lapping, needle punching and reinforcement and hot pressing according to the mass percentage to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, and the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are respectively obtained.
The second layer 32 preparation process: the preparation method comprises the steps of sequentially opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and reinforcing the needed organic high-temperature-resistant fiber common flame-retardant fiber and basalt fiber according to a proportion to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, adding n-ethanol (EtOH) into H 2 O for dilution, adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), stirring uniformly, dripping an HCl ethanol solution, adjusting pH to 3, continuously stirring uniformly, placing the non-woven fabric in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, dripping an ammonia water solution for adjusting pH to 5, placing the high-temperature-resistant fiber needled felt in a mold, vacuumizing, sucking sol by utilizing pressure difference, fully impregnating the fiber felt with the solution, waiting for gel, placing the gel in an aging solution for aging, performing hydrophobic modification after aging, replacing 3 times by using n-hexane once per day, immersing a sample in the n-hexane after replacement, sealing, pricking holes at a sealing position for controlling the volatilization speed of the n-hexane, adopting a gradient heating method for normal pressure drying to obtain the organic high-temperature-resistant fiber felt reinforced SiO 2 aerogel non-woven fabric, namely the second layer 32, and opening the non-woven fabric of the second layer 32.
After the preparation of the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 is completed, the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 are sequentially subjected to point bonding according to fig. 3 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant adhesive, and gaps are reserved among the layers so as to form a regular air heat insulation cavity.
The preparation method of the nanometer aramid aerogel fiber in the step (3) comprises the steps of cutting the aramid fiber into short fibers with the length of about 3cm, adding methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, and then washing and drying by deionized water; mixing the cleaned aramid short fiber with KOH, dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water, stirring at room temperature to form thick dark red nanometer aramid dispersion liquid, taking the nanometer aramid dispersion liquid as spinning solution, and preparing the nanometer aramid gel fiber by a wet spinning method.
Step (4): preparing a comfort layer 4, namely blending the required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, and weaving the required warp and weft double fabrics according to a designed upper woven picture;
Step (5): the flame-retardant outer layer, the waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, the sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer 3 and the comfortable layer 4 are overlapped layer by layer through a lamination stitching technology to form the flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric with the sandwich structure.
The comprehensive performance of the fabric prepared in the embodiment 1 is tested by adopting the technical requirement and the testing method described in GB38453-2019 protective clothing heat-insulating clothing, and various performance parameters are shown in the table 1:
table 1 comprehensive properties of fabrics
The performances of each layer of the fabric are tested by adopting the technical requirements and testing methods described in XF634-2015 fire fighter heat insulation protective clothing, and the performance parameters are shown in Table 1:
Table 2 performance index of each layer of fabric
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, wherein a flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer is adopted as warp and weft yarns of the fabric, and blended yarns of polysulfonamide, aramid 1414 and flame-retardant cotton fibers are adopted as warp and weft yarns of the fabric, and the mass percentages of the aramid 1313, the aramid 1414 and the flame-retardant cotton fibers are 50%. The fabric has the specification of 20S warp yarn count, 16S weft yarn count, 464 warp yarns/10 cm, 228 weft yarns/10 cm and 232g/m 2 gram weight. An aluminum film is firstly plated on the reverse side of the fabric, namely the side close to the waterproof moisture permeable layer, by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, the thickness of the aluminum film is 10 mu m, then a zinc oxide film is plated on the outer surface of the aluminum film, and the thickness of the zinc oxide film is 10 mu m. The total thickness of the heat reflection layer film was 20. Mu.m.
Wherein the thickness of the film is 4 mu m, the weight is 25g/m 2, and the PTFE film is provided with micro-pores with the aperture of 1.5 mu m.
The sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3 is prepared from aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), basalt fiber, flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant vinylon, nitrile-chloron fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and nanometer aramid aerogel fiber. The raw materials of the layer 31 and the layer 33 are the same, and the raw materials are several of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), nano aramid aerogel fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 30% of aramid 1313, 20% of aramid 1414, 20% of flame-retardant viscose fiber and 30% of nano aramid aerogel fiber. The raw materials of the layer 32 are basalt fiber, siO 2 aerogel, aramid 1414, polysulfonamide fiber, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO), nitrile-chloron fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 20% of aramid 1414, 30% of polysulfonamide fiber, 10% of basalt fiber, 20% of flame-retardant cotton fiber and 20% of SiO 2 aerogel. The total gram weight of the sandwich structure is 325g/m 2, wherein the gram weight of the layer 31 and the layer 33 is 115g/m 2, and the gram weight of the layer 32 is 95g/m 2.
Wherein the comfort layer 4 adopts warp double organization, the surface warp adopts flame-retardant viscose fiber, and the weft and the inner warp adopt Coolmax fiber. The warp yarn count is 45S, the weft yarn count is 45S, the warp density is 484 yarns/10 cm, the weft density is 354 yarns/10 cm, and the gram weight is 115g/m 2.
The warp yarn count is 45S, the weft yarn count is 45S, the warp density is 434-544 yarns/10 cm, the weft density is 314-402 yarns/10 cm, and the gram weight is 100-130 g/m 2.
The preparation method of the sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric is realized through the following steps:
Step (1): preparing a flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, blending required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, weaving the warp and weft yarns by a loom to obtain a fabric required by the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, and plating required heat reflection protective films on the outermost side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 by a magnetron sputtering method;
Step (2): preparing a waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, mixing PTFE raw materials and auxiliary agents according to a mass ratio of 1:0.46 by a multidirectional stretcher, and performing compression molding, double-roller calendaring, drying, stretching, sintering and cooling processes by a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable film;
specifically, the auxiliary agent comprises polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, a liquid lubricant and a hydrophobic material, wherein the hydrophobic material is nano hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder is as follows: liquid lubricant: hydrophobic material = 1:0.28:0.18.
Step (3): preparing a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3, namely sequentially carrying out opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and hot-pressing on required fibers of each layer according to a proportion to form loose structure, wherein gaps exist in the structure to obtain non-woven fabrics of a first layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33, carrying out a perforating process on the non-woven fabrics of the second layer 32, sequentially carrying out punctiform bonding on the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant viscose, and reserving gaps among the layers to form a regular air heat insulation cavity;
Specifically, the raw materials and the preparation process of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are the same, and the specific steps are as follows: the required organic high-temperature resistant fiber, nano aramid aerogel fiber and flame-retardant cellulose fiber are sequentially subjected to opening, carding, fiber lapping, needle punching and reinforcement and hot pressing according to the mass percentage to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, and the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are respectively obtained.
The second layer 32 preparation process: the preparation method comprises the steps of sequentially opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and reinforcing the needed organic high-temperature resistant fibers, the common flame-retardant fibers and basalt fibers according to a proportion to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, adding n-ethanol (EtOH) into H 2 O for dilution, adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), stirring uniformly, dripping an HCl ethanol solution, adjusting pH to 5, continuously stirring uniformly, placing the non-woven fabric in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, dripping an ammonia water solution for adjusting pH to 8, placing the needled felt with the high-temperature resistant fibers in a mould, vacuumizing, sucking sol by utilizing pressure difference, fully impregnating the fiber felt with the solution, waiting for gel, placing the gel in an aging solution for aging, performing hydrophobic modification after aging, replacing 3 times by using n-hexane once per day, immersing a sample in the n-hexane after the replacement, sealing, pricking holes at a sealing position for controlling the volatilization speed of the n-hexane, adopting a gradient heating method for normal pressure drying to obtain the non-woven fabric of the organic high-temperature resistant fiber felt reinforced SiO 2 aerogel, namely the second layer 32, and opening the non-woven fabric of the second layer 32.
After the layers 31, 32 and 33 are prepared, the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 are sequentially subjected to point bonding according to fig. 3 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant adhesive, and gaps are reserved among the layers so as to form a regular air heat insulation cavity.
The preparation method of the nanometer aramid aerogel fiber in the step (3) comprises the steps of cutting the aramid fiber into short fibers with the length of about 3cm, adding methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, and then washing and drying by deionized water; mixing the cleaned aramid short fiber with KOH, dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water, stirring at room temperature to form thick dark red nanometer aramid dispersion liquid, taking the nanometer aramid dispersion liquid as spinning solution, and preparing the nanometer aramid gel fiber by a wet spinning method.
Step (4): preparing a comfort layer 4, namely blending the required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, and weaving the required warp and weft double fabrics according to a designed upper woven picture;
Step (5): the flame-retardant outer layer, the waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, the sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer 3 and the comfortable layer 4 are overlapped layer by layer through a lamination stitching technology to form the flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric with the sandwich structure.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides a sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric, wherein a flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer is adopted as warp and weft yarns of the fabric, and the warp and weft yarns of the fabric are blended yarns of PBO fibers, aramid fibers 1414 and flame-retardant viscose fibers, and the mass percentages of the PBO fibers, the aramid fibers 1414 and the flame-retardant viscose fibers are 60%. The fabric has the specification of 20S warp yarn count, 16S weft yarn count, 502 warp density/10 cm, 240 weft density/10 cm and 246g/m 2 gram weight. An aluminum film is firstly plated on the reverse side of the fabric, namely the side close to the waterproof moisture permeable layer, by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, the thickness of the aluminum film is 7.5 mu m, then a silicon dioxide film is plated on the outer surface of the aluminum film, and the thickness of the silicon dioxide film is 12.5 mu m. The total thickness of the heat reflection layer film was 20. Mu.m.
Wherein the thickness of the film is 5 mu m, the weight is 30g/m 2, and the PTFE film is provided with micro-pores with the pore diameter of 2 mu m.
The sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3 is prepared from aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), basalt fiber, flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant vinylon, nitrile-chloron fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and nanometer aramid aerogel fiber. The raw materials of the layer 31 and the layer 33 are the same, and the raw materials are several of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polyimide fiber (PI), nano aramid aerogel fiber, flame-retardant viscose fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 30% of polyimide fiber (PI), 20% of aramid 1414, 20% of flame-retardant cotton fiber and 30% of nano aramid aerogel fiber. The raw materials of the layer 32 are basalt fiber, siO 2 aerogel, aramid 1414, polysulfonamide fiber, poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO), nitrile-chloron fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 20% of aramid 1414, 30% of poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO), 10% of basalt fiber, 20% of nitrile-chloron fiber and 20% of SiO 2 aerogel. The total gram weight of the sandwich structure is 345g/m 2, wherein the gram weight of the layer 31 and the layer 33 is 120g/m 2, and the gram weight of the layer 32 is 105g/m 2.
Wherein the comfort layer 4 adopts weft double organization, the surface weft adopts flame-retardant cotton fiber, and the warp and the inner weft adopt nylon fiber. The warp yarn count is 45S, the weft yarn count is 45S, the warp density is 544 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 402 pieces/10 cm, and the gram weight is 130g/m 2.
The preparation method of the sandwich-structured flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric is realized through the following steps:
Step (1): preparing a flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, blending required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, weaving the warp and weft yarns by a loom to obtain a fabric required by the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1, and plating required heat reflection protective films on the outermost side of the flame-retardant heat reflection layer 1 by a magnetron sputtering method;
Step (2): preparing a waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, mixing PTFE raw materials and auxiliary agents according to a mass ratio of 1:0.46 by a multidirectional stretcher, and performing compression molding, double-roller calendaring, drying, stretching, sintering and cooling processes by a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof moisture-permeable film;
specifically, the auxiliary agent comprises polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, a liquid lubricant and a hydrophobic material, wherein the hydrophobic material is nano hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder, and the mass ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder is as follows: liquid lubricant: hydrophobic material = 1:0.28:0.18.
Step (3): preparing a sandwich-shaped heat insulation layer 3, namely sequentially carrying out opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and hot-pressing on required fibers of each layer according to a proportion to form loose structure, wherein gaps exist in the structure to obtain non-woven fabrics of a first layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33, carrying out a perforating process on the non-woven fabrics of the second layer 32, sequentially carrying out punctiform bonding on the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant viscose, and reserving gaps among the layers to form a regular air heat insulation cavity;
Specifically, the raw materials and the preparation process of the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are the same, and the specific steps are as follows: the required organic high-temperature resistant fiber, nano aramid aerogel fiber and flame-retardant cellulose fiber are sequentially subjected to opening, carding, fiber lapping, needle punching and reinforcement and hot pressing according to the mass percentage to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, and the first layer 31 and the third layer 33 are respectively obtained.
The second layer 32 preparation process: the preparation method comprises the steps of sequentially opening, carding, fiber lapping, needling and reinforcing the needed organic high-temperature resistant fibers, the common flame-retardant fibers and basalt fibers according to a proportion to form a non-woven fabric with loose structure and gaps inside, adding n-ethanol (EtOH) into H 2 O for dilution, adding Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), stirring uniformly, dripping an HCl ethanol solution, adjusting pH to 5, continuously stirring uniformly, placing the non-woven fabric in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, dripping an ammonia water solution for adjusting pH to 8, placing the needled felt with the high-temperature resistant fibers in a mould, vacuumizing, sucking sol by utilizing pressure difference, fully impregnating the fiber felt with the solution, waiting for gel, placing the gel in an aging solution for aging, performing hydrophobic modification after aging, replacing 3 times by using n-hexane once per day, immersing a sample in the n-hexane after the replacement, sealing, pricking holes at a sealing position for controlling the volatilization speed of the n-hexane, adopting a gradient heating method for normal pressure drying to obtain the non-woven fabric of the organic high-temperature resistant fiber felt reinforced SiO 2 aerogel, namely the second layer 32, and opening the non-woven fabric of the second layer 32.
After the preparation of the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 is completed, the first layer 31, the second layer 32 and the third layer 33 are sequentially subjected to point bonding according to fig. 3 through high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant adhesive, and gaps are reserved among the layers so as to form a regular air heat insulation cavity.
The preparation method of the nanometer aramid aerogel fiber in the step (3) comprises the steps of cutting the aramid fiber into short fibers with the length of about 3cm, adding methanol, performing ultrasonic treatment at room temperature, and then washing and drying by deionized water; mixing the cleaned aramid short fiber with KOH, dimethyl sulfoxide and deionized water, stirring at room temperature to form thick dark red nanometer aramid dispersion liquid, taking the nanometer aramid dispersion liquid as spinning solution, and preparing the nanometer aramid gel fiber by a wet spinning method.
Step (4): preparing a comfort layer 4, namely blending the required fibers according to a proportion to obtain warp and weft yarns with a specified count, and weaving the required warp and weft double fabrics according to a designed upper woven picture;
Step (5): the flame-retardant outer layer, the waterproof moisture-permeable layer 2, the sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer 3 and the comfortable layer 4 are overlapped layer by layer through a lamination stitching technology to form the flame-retardant heat-insulating firefighter uniform fabric with the sandwich structure.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1.一种三明治结构阻燃隔热消防服面料，其特征在于，该面料从外到内依次设置阻燃热反射层、防水透湿层、三明治状隔热层、舒适层；所述阻燃热反射层采用第一有机耐高温纤维和阻燃纤维素纤维组成并且外侧设置热反射防护膜；所述防水透湿层采用膨体PTFE微孔防水透湿膜；所述三明治状隔热层由第一层、第二层及第三层通过菱形的点状方法粘结组成，三层均为针刺无纺布，其中第二层带有透气孔洞；所述舒适层采用阻燃棉、阻燃黏胶、Coolmax纤维及仪纶纤维中至少一种的混纺面料；所述阻燃热反射层采用三厘格结构，经纬纱均采用第一有机耐高温纤维与阻燃纤维素纤维的混纺纱 ,以质量百分比计，40％～70％第一有机耐高温纤维，30％～60％阻燃纤维素纤维 ,其中，所述第一有机耐高温纤维采用芳纶1313、芳纶1414、聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑纤维(PBO)、芳砜纶纤维中至少一种，所述阻燃纤维素纤维采用阻燃粘胶纤维或阻燃棉纤维；1. A flame-retardant and heat-insulating fire-fighting clothing fabric with a sandwich structure, characterized in that the fabric is provided with a flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer, a waterproof and breathable layer, a sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer, and a comfort layer in sequence from the outside to the inside; the flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer is composed of a first organic high-temperature resistant fiber and a flame-retardant cellulose fiber, and a heat-reflecting protective film is arranged on the outside; the waterproof and breathable layer is made of an expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and breathable film; the sandwich-shaped heat-insulating layer is composed of a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer bonded by a diamond-shaped point method, and the three layers are all needle-punched non-woven fabrics, and the second layer has breathable holes; the comfort layer is made of a blended fabric of at least one of flame-retardant cotton, flame-retardant viscose, Coolmax fiber, and Yilun fiber; the flame-retardant heat-reflecting layer adopts a three-centimeter grid structure, and the warp and weft yarns are all blended yarns of the first organic high-temperature resistant fiber and the flame-retardant cellulose fiber, in terms of mass percentage, 40% to 70% of the first organic high-temperature resistant fiber, 30% to 60% of the flame-retardant cellulose fiber , wherein the first organic high temperature resistant fiber is at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (PBO), and aromatic sulfone fiber, and the flame retardant cellulose fiber is flame retardant viscose fiber or flame retardant cotton fiber; 所述膨体PTFE微孔防水透湿膜的厚度为1～5μm，所述膨体PTFE微孔防水透湿膜上均设有微气孔，微气孔孔径为0.5～2.5μm；所述热反射防护膜采用磁控溅射法在面料的一侧先后镀上铝膜以及氧化锌膜或二氧化硅膜，其中，所述铝膜的厚度为7.5～12.5μm，氧化锌膜或二氧化硅膜厚度为7.5～12.5μm；所述三明治状隔热层中第一层与第三层原料相同，以质量百分比计，30％～50％第二有机耐高温纤维、10％～ 40％纳米芳纶气凝胶纤维、20％～50％阻燃纤维素纤维；所述第二有机耐高温纤维采用芳纶1313、芳纶1414、聚酰亚胺纤维(PI)中至少一种，所述阻燃纤维素纤维采用阻燃粘胶纤维、阻燃棉纤维中至少一种；所述第二层以质量百分比计，20％～60％第三有机耐高温纤维，10％～ 30％SiO2气凝胶，20％～40％普通阻燃纤维，10％～30％玄武岩纤维；所述第三有机耐高温纤维采用芳纶1414、聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑纤维(PBO)、芳砜纶纤维中至少一种，所述普通阻燃纤维采用腈氯纶纤维、阻燃棉纤维中至少一种；所述舒适层的组织结构采用纬二重组织或者经二重组织，形成双面效应机织面料。The thickness of the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and breathable membrane is 1 to 5 μm, and the expanded PTFE microporous waterproof and breathable membrane is provided with micropores, and the pore size of the micropores is 0.5 to 2.5 μm; the heat reflective protective film is coated with an aluminum film and a zinc oxide film or a silicon dioxide film on one side of the fabric by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the aluminum film is 7.5 to 12.5 μm, and the thickness of the zinc oxide film or the silicon dioxide film is 7.5 to 12.5 μm; the first layer and the third layer of the sandwich-shaped thermal insulation layer are made of the same raw materials, and by mass percentage, 30% to 50% of the second organic high-temperature resistant fiber, 10% to 40% nano-aramid aerogel fiber, 20% to 50% flame retardant cellulose fiber; the second organic high temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, and polyimide fiber (PI), and the flame retardant cellulose fiber adopts at least one of flame retardant viscose fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber; the second layer is calculated by mass percentage, 20% to 60% third organic high temperature resistant fiber, 10% to 30% SiO2 aerogel, 20% to 40% ordinary flame retardant fiber, 10% to 30% basalt fiber; the third organic high temperature resistant fiber adopts at least one of aramid 1414, poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (PBO), and aromatic sulfone fiber, and the ordinary flame retardant fiber adopts at least one of nitrile chloroform fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber; the organizational structure of the comfort layer adopts double weft organization or double warp organization to form a double-sided effect woven fabric.
CN202210406552.7A 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof Active CN114889255B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210406552.7A CN114889255B (en) 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210406552.7A CN114889255B (en) 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114889255A CN114889255A (en) 2022-08-12
CN114889255B true CN114889255B (en) 2024-11-22

Family

ID=82717078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210406552.7A Active CN114889255B (en) 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114889255B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115431612B (en) * 2022-09-05 2024-02-06 宜禾股份有限公司 Fire-fighting suit with high heat protection performance and processing method thereof
CN117103809B (en) * 2023-07-14 2024-06-07 南通雄风服装有限公司 Fire-retardant heat-insulating fabric for fire control and preparation method thereof
CN118493979B (en) * 2023-09-12 2024-12-17 大连良格科技发展有限公司 Waterproof and heat-insulating composite fabric for clothing and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104228239A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-24 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 Composite material for protective clothing of firemen and preparation method of composite material
CN108081686A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-29 江南大学 A kind of thermal insulation protective fabric and its application
CN111038026A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-21 惠州学院 Flame-retardant, heat-insulating, burn-through-resistant and metal droplet-resistant multifunctional composite fabric and preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110922095B (en) * 2019-11-07 2021-07-09 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of composite silica aerogel felt
CN212827210U (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-03-30 诸暨市欣欣纺织有限公司 Waterproof breathable fabric

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104228239A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-24 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 Composite material for protective clothing of firemen and preparation method of composite material
CN108081686A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-29 江南大学 A kind of thermal insulation protective fabric and its application
CN111038026A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-21 惠州学院 Flame-retardant, heat-insulating, burn-through-resistant and metal droplet-resistant multifunctional composite fabric and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114889255A (en) 2022-08-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN114889255B (en) Sandwich structure flame retardant heat insulation firefighting clothing fabric and preparation method thereof
CN109130405B (en) Heat insulation covering and preparation method thereof
JP5400459B2 (en) Heat-resistant protective clothing
JP3246911U (en) Composite polar fleece fabrics and garments containing same
CN207594426U (en) A kind of composite, insulating fabric
CN210851615U (en) Cold protective clothing fabric and cold protective clothing made of same
CN110341255A (en) A wear-resistant and wrinkle-resistant fabric
CN210309290U (en) Novel waterproof and breathable composite fabric
CN214606353U (en) Aerogel-containing flame-retardant heat-insulating material
TW202416851A (en) Moisture-permeable waterproofing layered fabric, production method therefor, and garment obtained using same
CN212491204U (en) Fire-fighting protective clothing for firemen
CN209409523U (en) A kind of mercerized cotton fabric with flame-retardant and sweat-absorbing function
CN114889256A (en) Multifunctional thermal protective clothing fabric for high-temperature operation and preparation method thereof
CN209637352U (en) A kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE tent material
CN111746057A (en) A kind of antistatic protective clothing fabric and preparation method thereof
CN219381870U (en) Waterproof flame-retardant composite fabric
CN211868838U (en) Efficient heat-insulation composite fabric and heat protection garment thereof
CN215970486U (en) Comfortable flame-retardant polyester fabric for protective clothing
CN113713284A (en) Fire-fighting protective clothing for firemen
CN213919966U (en) Protective material for labor protection clothing and labor protection clothing
CN209666493U (en) A kind of inflaming retarding fabric
CN218857883U (en) Fabric with high hydrostatic pressure resistance and high thermal protection performance
CN110126381A (en) A kind of fire resistant flame retardant fabric and its preparation process
CN219927172U (en) Fabric and firefighter uniform
CN213798482U (en) Radiation-proof fabric with composite heat-insulation aluminum layer

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB02 Change of applicant information

Country or region after: China

Address after: Building A17, China Electronics Industry Park, No. 1288 Caotan 10th Road, Xi'an Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shaanxi Province, 710000

Applicant after: SHAANXI GILDLAND SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Address before: 710018 floor 4, building 2, Zhichao Industrial Park, No. 1155, caotan 10th Road, economic development zone, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province

Applicant before: SHAANXI GILDLAND SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Country or region before: China

CB02 Change of applicant information
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant