CN114888199A - Automobile part punch forming process - Google Patents
Automobile part punch forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114888199A CN114888199A CN202210714188.0A CN202210714188A CN114888199A CN 114888199 A CN114888199 A CN 114888199A CN 202210714188 A CN202210714188 A CN 202210714188A CN 114888199 A CN114888199 A CN 114888199A
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- stamping
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- female die
- male die
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 3
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940075630 samarium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001954 samarium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/18—Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a punch forming process of automobile parts, which comprises the following steps: s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions; s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die; s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die; s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile part production, and particularly relates to an automobile part punch forming process.
Background
Currently, the automotive industry is facing increasingly severe safety, energy and environmental issues. Research shows that about 75% of oil consumption is related to the mass of the whole automobile, and the reduction of the mass of the automobile can effectively reduce the oil consumption and the emission. A large number of researches show that the automobile quality is reduced by 10%, the oil consumption is reduced by 8%, and the emission is reduced by 4%. Therefore, the decrease in fuel consumption means a decrease in the emission of harmful gases such as CO2 and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The automobile body, the chassis (including a suspension system) and the engine are more than 65 percent of the total weight of the car, wherein the weight of the outer covering part and the weight of the inner covering part of the automobile body are in the top position, so that the reduction of the weight of the automobile body has double effects of reducing the power consumption of the engine and the total weight of the automobile, is an important way for the light weight of the automobile, realizes the light body, and is mainly a material for greatly applying to the light weight of the automobile body, and simultaneously performs the structure optimization design and manufacture of the light weight of the automobile body. Among many light alloy materials, aluminum alloy materials are favored by various automobile manufacturers because of the advantages of low density, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like.
Despite the numerous advantages of aluminum alloys, there are some disadvantages, mainly manifested in:
the formability still needs to be improved continuously. When an aluminum alloy plate is formed by stamping, the material has poor flowability, and is more prone to cracking, wrinkling and other defects, particularly parts with complex shapes.
② the material property has large variation. At room temperature, the mechanical properties, chemical properties and the like of the alloy after solution quenching change with time in the desolventizing process, and the phenomenon is called natural aging. Due to age hardening, aluminum alloys have material parameters that vary with age.
Aiming at the difficult problem in the stamping forming of the aluminum alloy plate, a great deal of research work is carried out in academia and industry at home and abroad, and some valuable achievements are obtained. Christian Leppin and the like establish a model and an evaluation standard of failure phenomena such as necking, cracking, shear fracture and the like generated in the stamping process of the aluminum alloy plate through a large number of experiments, and are verified by a finite element method, so that the method has guiding significance for predicting the forming limit of the aluminum alloy plate in the stamping process; and through experimental analysis, O.S.Orlov and the like establish a phase field model of an aluminum alloy microstructure, thereby providing prediction for generation and development of various failure phenomena in the deformation process. T.A1tan professor researches the drawing forming process of 2000 series and 6000 series aluminum alloys, and provides related suggestions for selecting parameters such as a drawing clearance, a convex die fillet radius, a concave die fillet radius, a process supplement surface and the like; the sun intelligence and the like research the change rule of the variable blank holder force on a strain path in the forming process of the aluminum alloy plate through numerical simulation and experiments, and provide a variable blank holder force method for improving the stamping performance of the aluminum alloy plate; the drawing process of the flanged cylindrical part is simulated by adopting finite element numerical values in the Anzhi province and the like, and the influence of process parameters on the forming performance of the AA5754 aluminum-magnesium alloy plate is analyzed.
The research results have good guiding significance for disclosing the stamping forming rule of the aluminum alloy plate and improving the stamping process of the aluminum alloy plate, but the problem of robustness of the stamping process of the aluminum plate is rarely involved. However, the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to solution treatment in the last step of an aluminum factory, and then inevitably stays at room temperature for a certain period of time (such as transportation, inventory and the like) and naturally ages, and then enters a production workshop for stamping forming, and the material parameters of the aluminum alloy plate change along with the storage time, so that the stamping forming is unstable, and the yield is low. At present, aiming at the problem of robustness of an aluminum plate stamping process, no mature stamping process optimization method is provided for weakening the influence of the parameter change of the aluminum plate material caused by age hardening on the forming performance of the aluminum plate material.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a stamping forming process for automobile parts, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an automobile part punch forming process, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions;
s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die;
s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die;
the lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of base oil, 15-30 parts of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanotube composite particles, 10-20 parts of graphene oxide, 10-16 parts of cyclopropane fatty acid, 8-15 parts of heterocyclic amino acid, 6-13 parts of molybdenum dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 5-10 parts of n-octanol, 8-15 parts of oleic acid, 10-18 parts of polysiloxane sulfosuccinate and 7-13 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the protective solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 10-14 parts of nitrite, 8-10 parts of aluminum powder, 4-5 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 20-30 parts of a film forming agent, 1-3 parts of a dispersing agent, 2-4 parts of a defoaming agent and 4-6 parts of a rust remover;
s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
Further, in the step S2, the calibration step is oiling no-load stamping, after the male die and the female die of the stamping die are separated, a layer of lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the outer side wall of the male die, then stamping equipment is started to perform no-load stamping once, whether the lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the inner surface of the female die is observed, and if the lubricating oil is not uniformly coated, the female die needs to be correspondingly adjusted in position.
Further, in the step S4, the punched workpiece is punched for 2-3 times, and the tight combination time of the single punching male die and the female die is kept at 15-25S.
Further, the rust remover is a polyol ester rust remover.
Further, the film forming agent is fluorine-containing polyimide resin.
Further, the pretreatment solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of molybdate, 2-6 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 2-4 parts of samarium oxide, 1-3 parts of zirconium nitrate and 1-3 parts of basic carbonate.
Has the advantages that: the stamping process can reduce the quality problem of the stamping parts caused by the deviation of the stamping die after the position of the stamping die is recalibrated, improve the yield, reduce the frictional resistance in stamping overshoot of the stamping die by adding lubricating oil, reduce the abrasion of the stamping die, facilitate the ejection and blanking of the stamped workpieces, uniformly coat the lubricating oil on a male die and a female die in the calibration process of no-load stamping, uniformly coat the protective liquid of the stamping parts on the surfaces of the stamping parts in the stamping process and form a layer of protective film, greatly increase the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the stamping parts while improving the rust resistance of the stamping parts, and prolong the service life of the stamping parts.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
example 1
A stamping forming process for automobile parts comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions;
s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die;
s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die;
the lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of base oil, 15 parts of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanotube composite particles, 10 parts of graphene oxide, 12 parts of cyclopropane fatty acid, 8 parts of heterocyclic amino acid, 6 parts of molybdenum dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 10 parts of n-octanol, 10 parts of oleic acid, 10 parts of polysiloxane sulfosuccinate and 7 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the protective solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of epoxy resin, 10 parts of nitrite, 8 parts of aluminum powder, 4 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 25 parts of a film forming agent, 2 parts of a dispersing agent, 2 parts of a defoaming agent and 4 parts of a rust remover;
s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
Example 2
A stamping forming process for automobile parts comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions;
s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die;
s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die;
the lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of base oil, 30 parts of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanotube composite particles, 20 parts of graphene oxide, 15 parts of cyclopropane fatty acid, 12 parts of heterocyclic amino acid, 10 parts of molybdenum dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 10 parts of n-octanol, 15 parts of oleic acid, 18 parts of polysiloxane sulfosuccinate and 12 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the protective solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of epoxy resin, 14 parts of nitrite, 10 parts of aluminum powder, 4 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 20 parts of a film forming agent, 2 parts of a dispersing agent, 3 parts of a defoaming agent and 6 parts of a rust remover;
s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
In this embodiment, preferably, in step S2, the calibration step is oiling no-load stamping, after the male die and the female die of the stamping die are separated, a layer of lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the outer sidewall of the male die, and then the stamping device is started to perform a no-load stamping to observe whether the lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the inner surface of the female die, and if the lubricating oil is not uniformly coated, the female die needs to be correspondingly adjusted in position.
In the present embodiment, preferably, the workpiece is punched for 3 times in step S4, and the time for tightly combining the single punching male die with the female die is kept at 25S.
Example 3
A stamping forming process for automobile parts comprises the following steps:
s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions;
s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die;
s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die;
the lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of base oil, 20 parts of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanotube composite particles, 20 parts of graphene oxide, 16 parts of cyclopropane fatty acid, 12 parts of heterocyclic amino acid, 12 parts of molybdenum dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 10 parts of n-octanol, 10 parts of oleic acid, 16 parts of polysiloxane sulfosuccinate and 12 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the protective solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of epoxy resin, 12 parts of nitrite, 10 parts of aluminum powder, 4 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 25 parts of a film forming agent, 2 parts of a dispersing agent, 3 parts of a defoaming agent and 5 parts of a rust remover;
s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
In this embodiment, preferably, in step S2, the calibration step is oiling no-load stamping, after the male die and the female die of the stamping die are separated, a layer of lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the outer sidewall of the male die, and then the stamping device is started to perform a no-load stamping to observe whether the lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the inner surface of the female die, and if the lubricating oil is not uniformly coated, the female die needs to be correspondingly adjusted in position.
In the embodiment, preferably, the workpiece is punched in step S4 for 2 times of punching, and the time for tightly combining the single punching male die and the female die is kept at 25S.
In this embodiment, the rust remover is preferably a polyol ester rust remover.
In this embodiment, the film-forming agent is preferably a fluorine-containing polyimide resin.
In the embodiment, the pretreatment solution is preferably prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of molybdate, 4 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 3 parts of samarium oxide, 2 parts of zirconium nitrate and 2 parts of basic carbonate.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The stamping forming process of the automobile parts is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, setting initial stamping technological parameters according to the stamping forming mode of the part and the stamping technological industry standard, and establishing a stamping technological model by taking the parameters as conditions;
s2, checking the stamping die and the stamping equipment, replacing the stamping die with higher abrasion degree, recalibrating the position of the new stamping die, and fixing the new stamping die;
s3, after the position calibration of the female die and the male die is completed, uniformly spraying a layer of lubricating oil and a layer of stamping part protection liquid on the male die and the female die;
the lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of base oil, 15-30 parts of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanotube composite particles, 10-20 parts of graphene oxide, 10-16 parts of cyclopropane fatty acid, 8-15 parts of heterocyclic amino acid, 6-13 parts of molybdenum dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 5-10 parts of n-octanol, 8-15 parts of oleic acid, 10-18 parts of polysiloxane sulfosuccinate and 7-13 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the protective solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 10-14 parts of nitrite, 8-10 parts of aluminum powder, 4-5 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 20-30 parts of a film forming agent, 1-3 parts of a dispersing agent, 2-4 parts of a defoaming agent and 4-6 parts of a rust remover;
s4, placing the blank processed by the pretreatment liquid above the female die, starting the stamping device after setting the stamping speed and the stamping stroke of the stamping device, stamping the blank for multiple times by using the male die, separating the male die from the female die after the stamping is finished, and ejecting the stamped workpiece from the female die.
2. The automobile part stamping forming process according to claim 1, wherein: the calibration step in the step S2 is oiling no-load stamping, after the male die and the female die of the stamping die are separated, a layer of lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the outer side wall of the male die, then the stamping device is started to perform no-load stamping once, whether the inner surface of the female die is uniformly coated with the lubricating oil is observed, and if the lubricating oil is not uniformly coated, the female die needs to be correspondingly adjusted in position.
3. The automobile part stamping forming process according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S4, the punched workpiece is punched for 2-3 times, and the tight combination time of the single punching male die and the female die is kept at 15-25S.
4. The automobile part stamping forming process according to claim 1, wherein: the rust remover is a polyol ester rust remover.
5. The automobile part stamping forming process according to claim 1, wherein: the film forming agent is fluorine-containing polyimide resin.
6. The automobile part stamping forming process according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of molybdate, 2-6 parts of ammonium hydroxide, 2-4 parts of samarium oxide, 1-3 parts of zirconium nitrate and 1-3 parts of basic carbonate.
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