CN114883048B - Binary high-voltage current lead wire for high-temperature superconductive power equipment - Google Patents
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004842 bisphenol F epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OJLGWNFZMTVNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O OJLGWNFZMTVNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/14—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by the disposition of thermal insulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高温超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线。本发明的二元高压电流引线包括泄压阀、连接法兰、超导体、轴向翅片、金属管、树脂基复合材料、绝缘套管和进液口；所述的金属管内置轴向翅片，同轴设置于绝缘套管的内部，且金属管与绝缘套管之间用树脂基复合材料填充；所述的超导体同轴设置于金属管内，并与金属管内置的轴向翅片连接；所述绝缘套管的室温端设有连接法兰和安装在连接法兰上的泄压阀；绝缘套管的低温端设有进液口。本发明充分利用超导体金属材料在不同温区的高导电性能，提升了换热效果，充分降低了电流引线的漏热，并且结构简单、方便安装。
The present invention discloses a binary high-voltage current lead for high-temperature superconducting power equipment. The binary high-voltage current lead of the present invention includes a pressure relief valve, a connecting flange, a superconductor, an axial fin, a metal tube, a resin-based composite material, an insulating sleeve and a liquid inlet; the metal tube has an axial fin built in, which is coaxially arranged inside the insulating sleeve, and the metal tube and the insulating sleeve are filled with a resin-based composite material; the superconductor is coaxially arranged in the metal tube and connected to the axial fin built in the metal tube; the room temperature end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a connecting flange and a pressure relief valve installed on the connecting flange; the low temperature end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a liquid inlet. The present invention makes full use of the high electrical conductivity of superconducting metal materials in different temperature zones, improves the heat exchange effect, fully reduces the heat leakage of the current lead, and has a simple structure and is easy to install.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于高温超导电力装备技术领域，尤其是一种高温超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线。The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature superconducting power equipment, in particular to a binary high-voltage current lead for high-temperature superconducting power equipment.
背景技术Background Art
超导电力装备工作在液氮环境中，与常规电网电气连接和温度过渡均需通过高压引线实现，其温度梯度大，需要考虑高压绝缘、低温绝热、真空密封、力学支撑等诸多问题。电流引线一端处于室温，一端处于超导装置的液氮温区下，沿电流引线产生的传导热和产生的焦耳热占整个低温系统漏热的50％以上，在很大程度上决定着低温系统的功率等级，增加了超导电力装备的运行费用；同时，电流引线工作时必将到诸如系统短路故障等各种动态过程，承受短路大电流冲击，造成绝缘击穿。Superconducting power equipment works in a liquid nitrogen environment. Electrical connection and temperature transition with the conventional power grid must be achieved through high-voltage leads. The temperature gradient is large, and many issues need to be considered, such as high-voltage insulation, low-temperature insulation, vacuum sealing, and mechanical support. One end of the current lead is at room temperature, and the other end is at the liquid nitrogen temperature zone of the superconducting device. The conduction heat and Joule heat generated along the current lead account for more than 50% of the heat leakage of the entire cryogenic system, which largely determines the power level of the cryogenic system and increases the operating costs of superconducting power equipment. At the same time, the current lead will inevitably experience various dynamic processes such as system short-circuit failures when working, and will be subjected to short-circuit high current shocks, causing insulation breakdown.
因此，有必要针对超导电力装备用高压引线技术开展研究工作，通过电流引线结构设计，降低电流引线漏热，提升绝缘能力，保证超导电力装备的安全稳定运行。Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on high-voltage lead technology for superconducting power equipment. By designing the current lead structure, the heat leakage of the current lead can be reduced, the insulation capacity can be improved, and the safe and stable operation of superconducting power equipment can be ensured.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为克服上述现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供一种高温超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线，旨在降低电流引线的漏热，提高低温绝缘能力，确保超导电力装备在低温高电压等级下的稳定运行。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a binary high-voltage current lead for high-temperature superconducting power equipment, aiming to reduce heat leakage of the current lead, improve low-temperature insulation capability, and ensure stable operation of superconducting power equipment at low temperature and high voltage levels.
为此，本发明采用如下的技术方案：一种高温超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线，其包括泄压阀、连接法兰、超导体、轴向翅片、金属管、树脂基复合材料、绝缘套管和进液口；To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a binary high-voltage current lead for high-temperature superconducting power equipment, which includes a pressure relief valve, a connecting flange, a superconductor, an axial fin, a metal tube, a resin-based composite material, an insulating sleeve and a liquid inlet;
所述的金属管内置轴向翅片，同轴设置于绝缘套管的内部，且金属管与绝缘套管之间用树脂基复合材料填充；The metal tube has built-in axial fins, which are coaxially arranged inside the insulating sleeve, and the space between the metal tube and the insulating sleeve is filled with a resin-based composite material;
所述的超导体同轴设置于金属管内，并与金属管内置的轴向翅片连接；The superconductor is coaxially arranged in the metal tube and connected to the axial fins built into the metal tube;
所述绝缘套管的室温端设有连接法兰和安装在连接法兰上的泄压阀；绝缘套管的低温端设有进液口。The room temperature end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a connecting flange and a pressure relief valve installed on the connecting flange; the low temperature end of the insulating sleeve is provided with a liquid inlet.
当二元高压引线内部的压力超过安全值时，二元高压引线中的氮气利用泄压阀进行排放。连接法兰上设有与常规电力装备的连接通路。液氮通过进液口和泄压阀保持二元高压电流引线内部的压力在安全范围内。When the pressure inside the binary high-voltage lead exceeds the safety value, the nitrogen in the binary high-voltage lead is discharged using the pressure relief valve. The connection flange is provided with a connection passage to conventional power equipment. Liquid nitrogen keeps the pressure inside the binary high-voltage current lead within a safe range through the liquid inlet and the pressure relief valve.
进一步地，所述金属管采用高导热率的铜管或者铝管。Furthermore, the metal tube is a copper tube or an aluminum tube with high thermal conductivity.
进一步地，所述的金属管由两个半金属管组成，并通过连接夹具固定。Furthermore, the metal tube is composed of two half metal tubes and is fixed by a connecting clamp.
进一步地，所述金属管内置多个轴向翅片，沿着金属管的内壁均匀排列，为电流引线内部液氮提供流通通道，可以降低二元高压电流引线的漏热，并且对超导体提供工作所需的低温环境。Furthermore, the metal tube has multiple axial fins built in, which are evenly arranged along the inner wall of the metal tube, providing a flow channel for liquid nitrogen inside the current lead, which can reduce heat leakage of the binary high-voltage current lead and provide the low-temperature environment required for the superconductor to work.
进一步地，所述的轴向翅片与金属管一体加工而成；或所述的轴向翅片与金属管通过焊接方式固定。Furthermore, the axial fins and the metal tube are processed integrally; or the axial fins and the metal tube are fixed by welding.
进一步地，通过轴向翅片和超导体之间的间隙流通液氮。Further, liquid nitrogen is circulated through the gap between the axial fins and the superconductor.
进一步地，所述的超导体采用超导块材或超导带材组成的超导叠，可以是超导棒或者超导管。超导叠通常是多根超导材料焊接在一起，超导带材之间设置铜带或者不锈钢带，能够起到绝缘保护的作用。Furthermore, the superconductor is a superconducting stack composed of superconducting blocks or superconducting tapes, which can be superconducting rods or superconducting tubes. The superconducting stack is usually made by welding multiple superconducting materials together, and copper strips or stainless steel strips are arranged between the superconducting tapes to play an insulating and protective role.
进一步地，所述的树脂基复合材料为具有高导热和绝缘性能的材料，其采用双酚F环氧树脂作为基体，添加氮化硼和钨酸锆的纳米填料，然后通过固化工艺成型。Furthermore, the resin-based composite material is a material with high thermal conductivity and insulation properties, which uses bisphenol F epoxy resin as a matrix, adds nanofillers of boron nitride and zirconium tungstate, and then is formed through a curing process.
进一步地，所述连接法兰的材料采用环氧树脂，所述绝缘套管的材料采用环氧树脂。Furthermore, the connecting flange is made of epoxy resin, and the insulating sleeve is made of epoxy resin.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.二元高压电流引线的超导体置于金属管内，处于低温端的超导体处于零电阻状态，电流通过超导体流通，损耗低。当超导电力装备发生故障，导致超导体失超时，电流可以通过金属管流通，对超导体起到保护作用。1. The superconductor of the binary high-voltage current lead is placed in a metal tube. The superconductor at the low-temperature end is in a zero-resistance state, and the current flows through the superconductor with low loss. When a superconducting power equipment fails, causing the superconductor to quench, the current can flow through the metal tube to protect the superconductor.
2.金属管内置翅片，有效增大了换热系数，降低了从室温端到低温端的漏热量，同时为超导体提供低温环境，增加了系统的安全性。2. The metal tube has built-in fins, which effectively increases the heat transfer coefficient and reduces the heat leakage from the room temperature end to the low temperature end. At the same time, it provides a low temperature environment for the superconductor and increases the safety of the system.
3.二元高压电流引线的绝缘套管和金属管之间由具有高导热率和高绝缘性能的树脂基复合材料填充，经过固化工艺成型，能够起到绝缘加强的作用。3. The insulating sleeve and metal tube of the binary high-voltage current lead are filled with a resin-based composite material with high thermal conductivity and high insulation performance, which is formed through a curing process and can play a role in strengthening insulation.
4.二元高压电流引线的室温端设置泄压阀，低温端设置进液口，能够保证二元高压电流引线内部的气压处在安全范围内。4. A pressure relief valve is provided at the room temperature end of the binary high-voltage current lead, and a liquid inlet is provided at the low-temperature end, which can ensure that the air pressure inside the binary high-voltage current lead is within a safe range.
5.二元高压电流引线的金属管由两个半金属管经过连接夹具固定，加工简单，安装方便。5. The metal tube of the binary high-voltage current lead is fixed by two and a half metal tubes through a connecting fixture, which is simple to process and easy to install.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a binary high-voltage current lead for superconducting power equipment according to the present invention;
图2是本发明金属管的结构剖面图。FIG. 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of a metal tube according to the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合说明书附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1所示，本发明提供一种超导电力装备用二元高压电流引线，包括泄压阀1、连接法兰2、超导体3、内置轴向翅片4、金属管5、树脂基复合材料6、绝缘套管7、进液口8、低温容器9和连接夹具10。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a binary high-voltage current lead for superconducting power equipment, including a pressure relief valve 1, a connecting flange 2, a superconductor 3, an internal axial fin 4, a metal tube 5, a resin-based composite material 6, an insulating sleeve 7, a liquid inlet 8, a low-temperature container 9 and a connecting clamp 10.
二元高压电流引线室温端的连接法兰2上安装泄压阀1，当二元高压引线内部的压力超过安全值时，对二元高压电流引线中的氮气进行排放，保证压力在安全范围内。连接法兰2采用环氧树脂制作，上面设有与常规电力装备的连接通路。超导体3采用超导块材或者超导带材组成的超导叠，可以是超导棒或者超导管。超导叠通常是多根超导材料焊接在一起，超导带材之间设置有铜带或者不锈钢带，能够起到绝缘保护的作用。多个轴向翅片4沿金属管5的内壁均匀排列，为电流引线内部液氮提供流通通道，可以降低二元高压电流引线的漏热。金属管5采用高导热率的紫铜管或者铝管，由两个半金属管组成，通过连接夹具10固定。树脂基复合材料6采用双酚F环氧树脂作为树脂基体，添加氮化硼和钨酸锆等纳米填料，然后通过固化工艺成型，具有高导热和高绝缘能力。绝缘套管7采用环氧树脂加工成型，安装完成后内部浇注树脂基复合材料6。进液口8位于二元高压电流引线的低温端，置于低温容器9中，液氮通过进液口8和泄压阀1保持二元高压电流引线内部的压力在安全范围内。连接夹具10用于将两个半金属管连接起来，组成一个中空的金属管5。A pressure relief valve 1 is installed on the connection flange 2 at the room temperature end of the binary high-voltage current lead. When the pressure inside the binary high-voltage lead exceeds the safety value, the nitrogen in the binary high-voltage current lead is discharged to ensure that the pressure is within a safe range. The connection flange 2 is made of epoxy resin and is provided with a connection path to conventional power equipment. The superconductor 3 is a superconducting stack composed of superconducting blocks or superconducting tapes, which can be a superconducting rod or a superconducting tube. The superconducting stack is usually a plurality of superconducting materials welded together, and a copper belt or a stainless steel belt is arranged between the superconducting tapes, which can play a role in insulation protection. Multiple axial fins 4 are evenly arranged along the inner wall of the metal tube 5 to provide a circulation channel for the liquid nitrogen inside the current lead, which can reduce the heat leakage of the binary high-voltage current lead. The metal tube 5 is a copper tube or an aluminum tube with high thermal conductivity, which is composed of two and a half metal tubes and fixed by a connecting clamp 10. The resin-based composite material 6 uses bisphenol F epoxy resin as the resin matrix, adds nanofillers such as boron nitride and zirconium tungstate, and then is formed by a curing process, and has high thermal conductivity and high insulation capabilities. The insulating sleeve 7 is formed by epoxy resin, and after installation, a resin-based composite material 6 is poured inside. The liquid inlet 8 is located at the low-temperature end of the binary high-voltage current lead and is placed in a low-temperature container 9. Liquid nitrogen passes through the liquid inlet 8 and the pressure relief valve 1 to keep the pressure inside the binary high-voltage current lead within a safe range. The connecting fixture 10 is used to connect the two semi-metallic tubes to form a hollow metal tube 5.
在实际使用中，本发明的装配方法是：将按照上述方法加工完毕的超导体安装在半圆金属管内，将两个半圆金属管通过连接夹具固定；然后将其置于绝缘套管内，绝缘套管与金属管之间注入树脂基复合材料，并按照固化工艺对其进行固化处理；最后将二元高压电流引线的上、下室温端连接于所需的电力装备中。In actual use, the assembly method of the present invention is: install the superconductor processed according to the above method in a semicircular metal tube, fix the two semicircular metal tubes by a connecting clamp; then place it in an insulating sleeve, inject a resin-based composite material between the insulating sleeve and the metal tube, and cure it according to the curing process; finally, connect the upper and lower room temperature ends of the binary high-voltage current lead to the required power equipment.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的一般实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-described embodiments only express the general implementation mode of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims (8)
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| JPH05335144A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Superconductor system and current lead conductor |
| JPH07106117A (en) * | 1993-08-09 | 1995-04-21 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Current lead |
| JPH08107010A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1996-04-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Current lead for superconducting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69313891T2 (en) * | 1992-02-20 | 1998-05-07 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Process for connecting superconducting wires made of oxide high-temperature superconductors |
| JP3284656B2 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 2002-05-20 | 富士電機株式会社 | Current lead using oxide superconductor |
| JPH06252454A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-09 | Toshiba Corp | Superconductive current lead |
| EP0942475A3 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Tubular support structure for a superconducting device |
| JP4494767B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2010-06-30 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Current leads for superconducting coils |
| CN106449005A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Liquid nitrogen forced flow cooling type heat exchanger assembly of current lead |
| JP7419208B2 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-01-22 | 株式会社東芝 | Superconducting current lead and superconducting magnet device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05335144A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Superconductor system and current lead conductor |
| JPH07106117A (en) * | 1993-08-09 | 1995-04-21 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Current lead |
| JPH08107010A (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 1996-04-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Current lead for superconducting device |
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