CN114879033A - Motor fault detection method, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Motor fault detection method, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114879033A CN114879033A CN202210540179.4A CN202210540179A CN114879033A CN 114879033 A CN114879033 A CN 114879033A CN 202210540179 A CN202210540179 A CN 202210540179A CN 114879033 A CN114879033 A CN 114879033A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/18—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration in two or more dimensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
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- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motor fault detection method, a system and a storage medium in the field of motor detection, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting and detecting the vibration acceleration of the motor, and integrating the vibration acceleration to obtain primary motor speed information; after trend item removing processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information, a motor speed effective value is obtained through calculation; judging the motor state according to the motor speed effective value, and extracting a preset acceleration alarm range in each motor state; counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than corresponding set thresholds; the invention reduces the influence caused by drift through a simple trend removing item, finally obtains the effective value of the speed, reduces the influence of noise signals and vibration on detection, and improves the diagnosis precision of the motor fault result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motor detection, and particularly relates to a motor fault detection method, a motor fault detection system and a storage medium.
Background
Motors have become more and more widely used since the industrial revolution, and the monitoring demand for the motors is also deepened, regardless of the common use in every scene of household daily application, large-scale production manufacturing equipment, special application such as coal mine excavation and the like.
In the prior art, a motor rotating speed sensor is arranged on an end cover of a motor, monitors the rotating speed of the motor in real time, and converts a rotating speed signal into a rotating speed electrical signal; the three-axis acceleration sensor is directly arranged on a base of the motor, detects the vibration acceleration of the motor in three directions of an axial direction X, a radial direction Y and a vertical direction Z in real time, and converts a vibration acceleration signal into an acceleration electric signal; the signal acquisition module is respectively connected with the motor rotating speed sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor and is used for acquiring and transmitting a rotating speed electric signal and an acceleration electric signal; and the upper computer is provided with a database, receives the rotating speed electrical signal and the acceleration electrical signal, and compares and analyzes the rotating speed electrical signal and the acceleration electrical signal with information in the database through operation to diagnose whether the motor is in a fault range at present. However, under the condition of the change of the rotating speed of the motor, the vibration data acquired by the detection method with the fixed sampling frequency is often not the whole period data, so that the calculation result is deviated, and the acquired rotating speed electrical signal and the acquired acceleration electrical signal often contain noise signals, so that the accuracy of the motor fault diagnosis result is low, and further improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motor fault detection method, a system and a storage medium, wherein an integral algorithm is carried out on an acceleration waveform obtained by continuous sampling through an acceleration signal obtained by a triaxial acceleration sensor, the influence caused by drift is reduced through a simple trend removing item, an effective value of speed is finally obtained, the influence of a noise signal and vibration on detection is reduced, and the diagnosis precision of a motor fault result is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a motor fault detection method in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that vibration acceleration in three directions perpendicular to each other of a motor is collected and detected through a three-axis acceleration sensor, the vibration acceleration is integrated, and primary motor speed information is obtained;
after trend item removing processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information, a motor speed effective value is obtained through calculation;
detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of a detection period, judging the motor state according to the effective value of the motor speed, and extracting a preset acceleration alarm range in each motor state; and counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than the corresponding set threshold value.
Preferably, the method for integrating the vibration acceleration is rectangular integration, trapezoidal integration, adaptive integration, or monte carlo integration.
Preferably, the method of detrending primary motor speed information comprises:
and calculating the average value of the speed of the primary motor corresponding to each time point, and subtracting the average value from each primary motor speed group to obtain a motor speed approximate value array.
Preferably, the method for calculating and obtaining the effective value of the motor speed comprises the following steps:
calculating the root mean square of the motor speed approximate value array in the detection period as the motor speed effective value, wherein the expression formula is as follows:
in the formula, x is expressed as an approximate value of the motor speed; n represents the number of motor speed approximations during the sensing period.
Preferably, the detection period is in the range of 2 to 4 seconds.
Preferably, the method for detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of the detection cycle and judging the state of the motor according to the effective value of the motor speed comprises the following steps:
setting the initial state of the motor as a starting state, acquiring the state of the motor in the last detection period and judging whether the state is the starting state or not;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is larger than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the previous detection period, resetting the starting point reduction and adding the starting point increase, counting the time point of the motor speed effective value increase, and judging the motor state of the current detection period to be a starting state when the time point count is larger than a time threshold;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is smaller than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the previous detection period, resetting the increasing starting point and adding the decreasing starting point, counting the time points at which the motor speed effective value decreases, and judging that the motor state of the current detection period is a shutdown state when the count of the time points is greater than a time threshold;
and when the count of the time point is smaller than the time threshold, maintaining the motor state judged in the previous detection period, and re-entering the next detection period.
Preferably, the acceleration alarm range of the starting state of the motor is [ a ] 1 ，a 2 ]，a 1 ＜0＜a 2 (ii) a The acceleration alarm range of the motor shutdown state is [ a ] 3 ，a 4 ]，a 3 ＜0＜a 4 。
A second aspect of the present invention provides a motor failure detection system, including:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring and detecting vibration acceleration of the motor in three mutually perpendicular directions through the three-axis acceleration sensor, integrating the vibration acceleration and acquiring primary motor speed information;
the analysis processing module is used for calculating to obtain a motor speed effective value after the trend removing item processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information;
the state judgment module is used for detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of the detection period, judging the state of the motor according to the effective value of the motor speed,
the early warning module is used for extracting preset acceleration warning ranges in the states of the motors; and counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than the corresponding set threshold value.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored thereon, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the detection method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of collecting and detecting vibration acceleration in three directions in which motors are perpendicular to each other through a three-axis acceleration sensor, integrating the vibration acceleration, and obtaining speed information of a primary motor; after the trend removing item processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information, a relatively accurate motor speed effective value is obtained through calculation, the influence caused by drift is reduced through a simple trend removing item, the influence of noise signals and vibration on detection is reduced, and the diagnosis precision of the motor fault result is improved.
According to the invention, the motor speed effective value is detected again at intervals of a detection period, the motor state is judged according to the motor speed effective value, and the preset acceleration alarm range under each motor state is extracted; counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than corresponding set thresholds; corresponding acceleration alarm ranges are preset in different motor states, and the speed and the acceleration of the motor in different states are monitored simultaneously, so that the diagnosis of the motor fault result is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of collecting effective values of motor speed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an alarm flow chart of a motor fault detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of motor state detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for detecting a motor fault includes: the method comprises the steps that vibration acceleration in three directions perpendicular to each other of a motor is collected and detected through a three-axis acceleration sensor, the vibration acceleration is integrated, and primary motor speed information is obtained; the method for integrating the vibration acceleration is rectangular integration, trapezoidal integration, adaptive integration or monte carlo integration.
De-trending the primary motor speed information, comprising:
calculating the average value of the primary motor speed corresponding to each time point, and subtracting the average value from each primary motor speed group to obtain a motor speed approximate value array; the influence of drift is reduced by a simple detrending term.
Calculating the root mean square of the motor speed approximate value array in the detection period as the motor speed effective value, thereby reducing the influence of noise signals and vibration on detection, and the expression formula is as follows:
in the formula, x is expressed as an approximate value of the motor speed; n represents the number of motor speed approximations during the sensing period.
The method comprises the following steps of detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals, setting the detection period to be 3 seconds in the implementation, and judging the state of the motor according to the effective value of the motor speed, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
setting the initial state of the motor as a starting state, acquiring the state of the motor in the last detection period and judging whether the state is the starting state or not;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is larger than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the previous detection period, resetting the starting point reduction and adding the starting point increase, counting the time point of the motor speed effective value increase, and judging the motor state of the current detection period to be a starting state when the time point count is larger than a time threshold;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is smaller than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the last detection period, resetting the increasing starting point and adding the decreasing starting point, counting the time points at which the motor speed effective value decreases, and judging that the motor state of the current detection period is a shutdown state when the count of the time points is greater than a time threshold;
and when the count of the time point is smaller than the time threshold, maintaining the motor state judged in the previous detection period, and re-entering the next detection period.
Extracting preset acceleration alarm ranges under the states of the motors; and counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than the corresponding set threshold value. The acceleration alarm range of the starting state of the motor is [ a ] 1 ，a 2 ]，a 1 ＜0＜a 2 (ii) a The acceleration alarm range of the motor shutdown state is [ a ] 3 ，a 4 ]，a 3 ＜0＜a 4 . Corresponding acceleration alarm ranges are preset in different motor states, and the acceleration of the motor in different states is monitored, so that the diagnosis of the motor fault result is more accurate.
Example two
The embodiment provides a detection system for motor faults, which can be applied to the detection method in the first embodiment, and the detection system includes:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring and detecting vibration acceleration of the motor in three mutually perpendicular directions through the three-axis acceleration sensor, integrating the vibration acceleration and acquiring primary motor speed information;
the analysis processing module is used for calculating to obtain a motor speed effective value after the trend removing item processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information;
the state judgment module is used for detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of the detection period, judging the state of the motor according to the effective value of the motor speed,
the early warning module is used for extracting preset acceleration warning ranges in the states of the motors; and respectively counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than the corresponding set threshold value.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is characterized by storing thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting a motor fault according to the first embodiment.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of detecting a fault in an electric machine, comprising:
acquiring and detecting vibration acceleration of the motors in three mutually perpendicular directions, and integrating the vibration acceleration to acquire primary motor speed information;
after trend item removing processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information, a motor speed effective value is obtained through calculation;
detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of a detection period, judging the motor state according to the effective value of the motor speed, and extracting a preset acceleration alarm range in each motor state; and counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than corresponding set thresholds.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of integrating vibration acceleration is rectangular integration, trapezoidal integration, adaptive integration, or monte carlo integration.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of de-trending the primary motor speed information comprises:
and calculating the average value of the speed of the primary motor corresponding to each time point, and subtracting the average value from each primary motor speed group to obtain a motor speed approximate value array.
4. A method for detecting a fault in a motor according to claim 3, wherein the method for calculating the effective value of the motor speed comprises:
calculating the root mean square of the motor speed approximate value array in the detection period as the motor speed effective value, wherein the expression formula is as follows:
in the formula, x is expressed as an approximate value of the motor speed; n represents the number of motor speed approximations during the sensing period.
5. A method of detecting a fault in an electric motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection period is in the range of 2-4 seconds.
6. The method for detecting motor faults as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the effective value of the motor speed is re-detected every detection period, and the method for judging the motor state according to the effective value of the motor speed comprises the following steps:
setting the initial state of the motor as a starting state, acquiring the state of the motor in the last detection period and judging whether the state is the starting state or not;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is larger than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the previous detection period, resetting the starting point reduction and adding the starting point increase, counting the time point of the motor speed effective value increase, and judging the motor state of the current detection period to be a starting state when the time point count is larger than a time threshold;
if the motor speed effective value at the starting time point of the current detection period is smaller than the motor speed effective value at the ending time point of the previous detection period, resetting the increasing starting point and adding the decreasing starting point, counting the time points at which the motor speed effective value decreases, and judging that the motor state of the current detection period is a shutdown state when the count of the time points is greater than a time threshold;
and when the count of the time point is smaller than the time threshold, maintaining the motor state judged in the previous detection period, and re-entering the next detection period.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acceleration alarm range of the motor in the power-on state is [ a ] 1 ，a 2 ]，a 1 ＜0＜a 2 (ii) a The acceleration alarm range of the motor shutdown state is [ a ] 3 ，a 4 ]，a 3 ＜0＜a 4 。
8. A system for detecting a fault in an electric machine, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring and detecting vibration acceleration of the motor in three mutually perpendicular directions through the three-axis acceleration sensor, integrating the vibration acceleration and acquiring primary motor speed information;
the analysis processing module is used for calculating to obtain a motor speed effective value after the trend removing item processing is carried out on the primary motor speed information;
the state judgment module is used for detecting the effective value of the motor speed again at intervals of the detection period, judging the state of the motor according to the effective value of the motor speed,
the early warning module is used for extracting preset acceleration warning ranges in the states of the motors; and counting the vibration acceleration exceeding the acceleration alarm range, and alarming when the counted times in the detection period are greater than the corresponding set threshold value.
9. Computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored thereon which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of the detection of a motor fault according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210540179.4A CN114879033A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Motor fault detection method, system and storage medium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115452116A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽精益数智科技有限公司 | Product state analysis method, system, equipment and medium based on vibration information |
| CN117275520A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Voice recognition fault noise detection method, system and device and medium |
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2022
- 2022-05-18 CN CN202210540179.4A patent/CN114879033A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115452116A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽精益数智科技有限公司 | Product state analysis method, system, equipment and medium based on vibration information |
| CN117275520A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Voice recognition fault noise detection method, system and device and medium |
| CN117275520B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Voice recognition fault noise detection method, system and device and medium |
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