CN114876479A - A kind of assembly method of shield machine disc hob - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a method for assembling a disk-shaped hob of a shield machine. It includes the following steps: 1) Install the thrust bearing on the shaft block of the cutter shaft, and abut against the side of the shaft shoulder, and assemble the retaining ring; use grease to stick the rollers into the rectangular ring groove of the cutter shaft; 2) Put the The cutter shaft with rollers is inserted into the cutter body; assemble the retaining ring and then press the floating seal on the locking end cap, install the locking end cap on the cutter shaft, and after assembling the locking end cap, tighten the screws to fix; 3) Rotate the assembled cutter shaft and repeat the above 1) and 2) assembly steps to assemble the other side; 4) Press the assembled cutter shaft into the cutter body cavity; 5) Install the end cap on the cutter body; Fill oil and test gas; 6) Weld the end cover to fix it. The invention sets the rectangular ring groove and the bearing hole to assemble the roller together, the roller, the cutter shaft and the cutter body form a rolling bearing structure without inner ring and outer ring; the combination of the rolling bearing and the thrust bearing increases the load. It is suitable to be used as the assembly method of shield machine hob.

Description

A kind of assembly method of shield machine disc hob

technical field

The invention relates to a hob in the field of shield machines, in particular to a method for assembling a disk-shaped hob of a shield machine.

Background technique

The disk-shaped hob of the shield machine is installed on the cutter head, and the hob cutter ring is wedged into the rock under the thrust of the cutter head, and then with the rotation of the cutter head, the hob rotates passively to realize continuous rock breaking. It rotates around the central axis of the cutter head, and on the other hand rotates around its own axis; under the action of the thrust and torque of the cutter head, the disc hob cuts a series of concentric circular grooves on the face, and the disc hob completes one operation rock breaking process.

Disc hob is a kind of cutter that can replace the cutter ring. At present, the main disc hob is equipped with tapered roller bearings, floating seals and other main supporting and sealing parts. The cutter needs to be pre-tightened before use, which is cumbersome and time-consuming to install. ; The sealing requirements are strict, and the leakage of the lubricant will cause serious consequences such as failure of the hob; at the same time, due to the large body of the hob, the force required to use it to cut rocks is relatively large. Generally speaking, due to the relatively large radial size of the disc hob, the current design cannot meet the requirements for certain cutting devices that are limited in position and cannot provide sufficient thrust.

Bearings, as an important component of disc hob, are expensive and have a limited service life. In addition, the load of the hob is greatly affected by the size of the bearing load. When the rock hardness is large, because the bearing load is small, the tunnel boring machine cannot continue to increase thrust propulsion. Hob, the hob can only grind the cutter ring on this basis.

The service life of the hob directly affects the construction progress, risks and construction costs of the project. The most important point of failure of the hob in the construction of the tunnel boring machine is the bearing damage. As we all know, the hob bearing needs to be replaced frequently. When the bearing reaches the limit operating time, even if the bearing is not damaged, the new bearing should be replaced. Not only is it time-consuming and labor-intensive, it also increases costs. How to solve the problem of frequent replacement of bearings, increase the driving time and improve the driving efficiency is worthy of in-depth research by every TBM parts manufacturer.

Referring to Figure 1 of the description, a conventional disc hob is internally provided with a tapered roller bearing, the cutter shaft runs through the bearing, and closed end caps are installed at both ends of the cutter shaft to seal the bearing. The disc hob drives the cutter ring to rotate through the tapered roller bearing. When the disc hob is working, in addition to the positive pressure in the circumferential direction of the cutter ring, it is also subjected to the tangential friction force of the cutter ring and the lateral direction. The effect of alternating stress is complex. However, the inventor found the following problems in the construction process: 1. The size of the bearing load capacity directly affects the load capacity of the disc hob. When the rock hardness is large, because the bearing can bear a small load, the shield machine cannot continue to increase the load. The large thrust pushes the hob, and the hob can only grind the cutter ring on this basis, which not only cannot effectively break the rock, but also causes the wear of the cutter ring to easily lead to the early failure of the tool; 2. The internal bearing of the hob is overloaded and the bearing is caused by excessive load. Damaged, the disc hob cannot work normally, which affects the rock breaking effect and delays the construction progress; 3. The service life of the inner bearing of the hob is limited. When the bearing reaches the limit operating time, it needs to be replaced regularly, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and increases the cost. 4. When the hob rotates passively, the contact surface between the cutter ring and the rock is large, the friction force is large, the resistance is large, the rotation of the inner bearing of the hob is not smooth enough, the driving efficiency is low, and it is easy to cause the cutter ring of the hob to chip and wear too fast, etc. The situation occurs, which greatly reduces the service life of the hob. 5. When the internal bearing of the hob is replaced, the disassembly and assembly process is cumbersome, and the inner ring of the bearing needs to be pressed out by a special desktop press. The construction process requires high requirements, and it is necessary to ensure the sealing and smoothness of rotation at the same time, which is difficult to replace.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for assembling a disk-shaped hob of a shield machine. The disc-shaped hob forms a roller bearing without inner ring and outer ring by assembling cylindrical rollers inside the cutter body, and combined with a thrust bearing to replace the tapered roller bearing, the cutter shaft and cutter body directly act as the cylindrical roller. The rolling elements increase the bearing capacity of the hob and offset the axial force of the cutter shaft, so that the life of the hob is not limited by the running time of the bearing and prolongs the service life of the disc hob; the cylindrical roller moves in the rectangular ring groove chamber of the cutter shaft Smooth, when the cutter ring is worn in place, the hob can continue to be used only after replacing the cutter ring. Solve the technical problem of shield machine disc hob.

The scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

A method for assembling a disk-shaped hob of a shield machine, comprising the following steps:

1). Install the thrust bearing on the shaft block of the cutter shaft, abut against the side of the shaft shoulder, and assemble the retaining ring; use grease to stick the rollers into the rectangular ring groove of the cutter shaft;

2). Put the cutter shaft with rollers into the cutter body; assemble the retaining ring and then press the floating seal on the locking end cap 6, install the locking end cap on the cutter shaft, and tighten the locking end cap after assembling screw fixation;

3). Rotate the assembled tool shaft and repeat the above 1) and 2) assembly steps to assemble the other side;

4). Press the assembled cutter shaft into the cutter body cavity;

5). Install the end cover on the cutter body; inject oil and test gas;

6). Weld the end cap to fix it.

In order to further solve the technical problem to be solved by the present invention, among the disk-shaped hob of a shield machine provided by the present invention, the disk-shaped hob of a shield machine includes a cutter body, a cutter ring embedded on the cutter body, and a fixed cutter The retaining ring of the ring, the cutter shaft assembled in the cutter body, the locking end cap for locking the cutter shaft, the end cap for tightening the cutter body, and the floating seal accommodated by the end cap; The ring groove accommodates the roller, the inner wall of the cutter is provided with a bearing hole, the bearing hole corresponds to the rectangular ring groove to form an annular channel, a closed cavity is formed between the bearing hole and the rectangular ring groove, the roller is in contact with the bearing hole and the rectangular ring groove, and the roller is in contact with the bearing hole and the rectangular ring groove. The column constitutes a roller bearing without inner ring and outer ring, which is installed between the cutter shaft and the cutter body; the cutter shaft is provided with a pillow block, a thrust bearing is assembled on the pillow block, and the thrust bearing and the roller are provided with Ring limit.

Further, the two ends of the inner wall of the cutter are provided with stepped hole mounting end caps, the middle of the inner wall of the cutter is provided with a transition hole, and the two sides of the transition hole are provided with bearing holes for assembling rollers.

Further, the knife shaft is a symmetrical stepped shaft, and a shaft shoulder is arranged in the middle, and a shaft block is arranged on both sides of the shaft shoulder, and a rectangular ring groove is arranged on the shaft block. The connection is fixed; the thrust bearing is installed on the pillow block, and the side of the shaft shoulder faces the axial limit of the thrust bearing.

The positive effect is that because the invention adopts the rectangular ring groove on the cutter shaft and the bearing hole on the cutter body to assemble the roller together, the roller, the cutter shaft and the cutter body form a rolling bearing structure without inner ring and outer ring, instead of the tapered roller The sub-bearing increases the diameter of the cutter shaft and the width of the bearing surface, which improves the bearing capacity of the disc hob; at the same time, a thrust bearing is set on the cutter shaft to effectively decompose the axial force on the disc hob when it is working; the rolling bearing and the The combination of thrust bearing increases the limit of bearing load and prolongs the service life of disc hob. It is suitable to be used as the assembly method of the shield machine disc hob.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front sectional view of the existing disc hob;

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. cutter body, 11. bearing hole, 12. transition hole;

2. Knife ring;

3. Retaining ring;

4. Tool shaft, 41. Shoulder, 42. Pillow block, 43. Rectangular ring groove;

5. End cover;

6. Lock the end cover;

7. Floating seal;

8. Roller, 8.0. Tapered roller bearing;

9. Retaining ring;

10. Thrust bearing.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, a method for assembling a disk-shaped hob of a shield machine includes the following steps:

1). Install the thrust bearing 10 on the pillow block 42 of the cutter shaft 4, abut against the side of the shaft shoulder 41, and assemble the retaining ring 9; use grease to stick the roller 8 to the rectangular ring groove 43 of the cutter shaft 4 middle;

2). Insert the cutter shaft 4 with the roller 8 into the cutter body 1; assemble the retaining ring 9, then press the floating seal 7 on the locking end cover 6, and install the locking end cover 6 on the cutter shaft 4, After assembling the locking end cover 6, tighten the screws to fix it;

3). Rotate the assembled cutter shaft 4, repeat the above 1) and 2) assembly steps, and assemble the other side;

4). Press the assembled cutter shaft 4 on the inner cavity of the cutter body 1;

5). Install the end cover 5 on the cutter body 1; inject oil and test gas;

6). Weld the end cap 5 to fix it.

A disk-shaped hob of a shield machine comprises a cutter body 1, a cutter ring 2 embedded in the cutter body 1, a retaining ring 3 for fixing the cutter ring 2, a cutter shaft 4 assembled in the cutter body 1, and a locking cutter shaft 4 The locking end cap 6, the end cap 5 for fastening the cutter body 1, and the floating seal 7 accommodated by the end cap 5;

A rectangular ring groove 43 is provided on the cutter shaft 4, the rectangular ring groove 43 accommodates the roller 8, the inner wall of the cutter body 1 is provided with a bearing hole 11, the bearing hole 11 corresponds to the rectangular ring groove 43 to form an annular channel, the bearing hole 11 and the rectangular ring A closed cavity is formed between the grooves 43, and the roller 8 is in common contact with the bearing hole and the rectangular ring groove 43. The roller 8 constitutes a roller bearing without inner ring and outer ring, and is installed between the cutter shaft 4 and the cutter body 1; A shaft block 42 is provided on the cutter shaft 4 , a thrust bearing 10 is assembled on the shaft block 42 , and a retaining ring 9 is provided between the thrust bearing 10 and the roller 8 to limit the position.

In a preferred embodiment, the cutter ring 2 is fixed on the cutter body 1 through the retaining ring 3, and the cutter body 1 can rotate relative to the cutter shaft 4 through the roller 8 and the thrust bearing 10. The roller 8 constitutes no inner ring and no outer ring. The roller bearing of the ring is combined with the thrust bearing 10 to form a combined bearing, which replaces the tapered roller bearing 8.0 and is not limited by the selection of tapered roller bearings in the prior art, that is, there is no bearing inner ring and no bearing outer ring. The diameter and width of the cutter shaft 4 are enlarged, and the load limit that the disc hob can bear is increased, and it is not affected by the bearing load limit; the use of thrust bearings can effectively resolve the axial load on the disc hob when it is working. Therefore, the roller 8 can rotate more smoothly in the rectangular ring groove cavity. In turn, the cutter ring rotates smoothly, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved. The service life of the disc hob is effectively extended, and it can be used continuously only by replacing the cutter ring 2, and the installation is convenient and quick.

In order to ensure the stability of the structure of the present invention, the two ends of the inner wall of the cutter body 1 are provided with stepped hole mounting end caps 5, the middle of the inner wall of the cutter body 1 is provided with a transition hole 12, and both sides of the transition hole 12 are provided with bearing holes 11 to assemble rollers 8.

In a preferred embodiment, the bearing holes 11 spaced by the transition holes 12 in the cutter body 1 cancel the tapered roller bearing retaining ring in the prior art. Such a structure is convenient for processing the outer bushing 12 and satisfies the same requirements. Axiality requirements.

In order to further ensure the stability of the structure of the present invention, the cutter shaft 4 is a symmetrical stepped shaft, and a shaft shoulder 41 is arranged in the middle, and the shaft shoulder 41 is provided on both sides of the shaft 42 with a rectangular ring groove 43. , the two ends of the cutter shaft 4 are connected and fixed by the end cover 5 and the locking end cover 6;

Wherein, both ends of the cutter shaft 4 are provided with end caps 5 and locking end caps 6 for assembly, which is non-directional during installation, simple and convenient, and quick to disassemble; and is sealed by a single-sided floating seal 7, which further reduces the cost.

In a preferred embodiment, the cutter shaft 4 is a stepped shaft, and the shaft shoulder 41 is in clearance fit with the transition hole 12 ; therefore, the diameter of the cutter shaft 4 is increased, which improves the strength of the cutter shaft 4 and provides stability for the cutter body 1 support.

In order to optimize the structure of the present invention, the roller 8 is a solid steel part, and the tapered roller bearing 8.0 in the cutter body 1 is replaced by the roller 8, which can improve the load limit that the disc hob can bear, and make it Not affected by bearing load limits.

In order to further optimize the structure of the present invention, the arrays of the rollers 8 are evenly arranged in the rectangular annular groove 43 and the annular channel of the bearing hole 11 . In a preferred embodiment, the rollers 8 are arranged in groups of three.

In order to further optimize the structure of the present invention, the thrust bearing 10 is a thrust cylindrical roller bearing, a thrust tapered roller bearing or a thrust needle roller bearing.

As a conventional technical choice, the thrust bearing 10 is relatively assembled on both sides of the shaft shoulder 41, one end of the tight ring is against the side of the shaft shoulder 41, and the other end is fixed on the roller 8 through the retaining ring 9, and the disc-shaped roller is decomposed. The axial force that the knife is subjected to when it is working.

Preferably, the knife ring 2 can be equipped with a single-edged or multi-edged knife ring according to construction requirements.

The working principle of the present invention:

A rectangular ring groove is set on the cutter shaft and a bearing hole is set on the cutter body to jointly inlay the rollers, cancel the inner and outer rings of the tapered roller bearing, form a roller bearing structure without an inner ring, and increase the rollers and the cutter shaft. diameter to improve the load carrying capacity of the disc hob.

There is a thrust bearing on the cutter shaft to offset the axial force of the cutter shaft, the cutter ring rotates smoothly, and the stability of the disc hob is improved.

In this embodiment, there is no inner ring and no outer ring ball structure, the nominal bearing capacity of the hob is ≥50T, the compressive capacity is ≥6Bar, the life of the TBM hob is ≥150m/piece, and the rock-breaking capacity of the hob is ≥150Mpa hard rock; Mechanism thrust ≥20000KN.

Features of the present invention:

1. Since the rectangular ring groove is set on the cutter shaft and the bearing hole is set on the cutter body to install the roller together, the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing are cancelled; therefore, the roller, the cutter shaft and the cutter body form a no inner ring and no outer ring. Rolling bearing structure, instead of tapered roller bearing, increases the diameter of the cutter shaft and the width of the bearing surface, and improves the bearing capacity of the disc hob.

2. Since the thrust bearing is set on the cutter shaft, the thrust bearing has the effect of offsetting the axial force of the cutter shaft; therefore, the axial force received by the disc hob during operation is effectively decomposed, and the combination of the rolling bearing and the thrust bearing can improve the load bearing capacity. limit and prolong the service life of the disc hob.

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included. within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shield constructs the assembly method of the machine disc cutter, its characteristic is: the method comprises the following steps:

1) installing a thrust bearing (10) on a shaft platform (42) of a cutter shaft (4), abutting against the side part of a shaft shoulder (41), and assembling a check ring (9); the roller (8) is stuck in a rectangular ring groove (43) of the cutter shaft (4) by adopting lubricating grease;

2) the cutter shaft (4) stuck with the roller (8) is sleeved in the cutter body (1); assembling a check ring (9), pressing the floating seal (7) on the locking end cover (6), installing the locking end cover (6) on the cutter shaft (4), and screwing down the screw for fixing after assembling the locking end cover (6);

3) turning the assembled cutter shaft (4) in the direction, repeating the steps 1) and 2) and assembling the other side;

4) pressing the assembled cutter shaft (4) in the inner cavity of the cutter body (1);

5) mounting an end cover (5) on the cutter body () 1; injecting oil and testing gas;

6) and welding and fixing the end cover (5).

2. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that:

a shield machine disc cutter comprises a cutter body (1), a cutter ring (2) embedded on the cutter body (1), a retainer ring (3) for fixing the cutter ring (2), a cutter shaft (4) assembled in the cutter body (1), a locking end cover (6) for locking the cutter shaft (4), an end cover (5) for fastening the cutter body (1), and a floating seal (7) accommodated by the end cover (5);

a rectangular ring groove (43) is arranged on the cutter shaft (4), and the roller (8) is accommodated in the rectangular ring groove (43); the inner wall of the cutter body (1) is provided with a bearing hole (11), the bearing hole (11) and the rectangular ring groove (43) correspond to form an annular channel, a closed cavity is formed between the bearing hole (11) and the rectangular ring groove (43), the roller (8) is in contact with the bearing hole (11) and the rectangular ring groove (43) together to form a roller bearing without an inner ring and an outer ring, and the roller bearing is installed between the cutter shaft (4) and the cutter body (1); a shaft platform (42) is arranged on the cutter shaft (4), a thrust bearing (10) is assembled on the shaft platform (42), and a retainer ring (9) is arranged between the thrust bearing () 10 and the roller (8) for limiting.

3. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the cutter body (1) inner wall both ends are provided with shoulder hole installation end cover (5), are equipped with transition hole (12) at cutter body (1) inner wall middle part, and transition hole (12) both sides set up dead eye (11) assembly roller (8).

4. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that:

the cutter shaft (4) is a symmetrical stepped shaft, a shaft shoulder (41) is arranged in the middle of the cutter shaft, shaft bosses (42) are arranged on two sides of the shaft shoulder (41), rectangular ring grooves (43) are formed in the shaft bosses (42), and two ends of the cutter shaft (4) are fixedly connected through an end cover (5) and a locking end cover (6); the thrust bearing (10) is arranged on the pillow block (42), and the side surface of the shaft shoulder (41) limits the axial direction of the thrust bearing (10).

5. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that:

and a shaft shoulder (41) on the cutter shaft (4) is in clearance fit with the transition hole (12).

6. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the roller (8) is a steel solid piece.

7. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the roller (8) arrays are uniformly arranged in the annular channels of the rectangular ring grooves (43) and the bearing holes (11).

8. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that:

the thrust bearing (10) is a thrust cylindrical roller bearing, a thrust tapered roller bearing or a thrust needle roller bearing.

9. The assembling method of the shield tunneling machine disc cutter as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that:

the thrust bearing (10) is relatively assembled on two sides of the shaft shoulder (41), one end of the clamping ring abuts against the side part of the shaft shoulder (41), and the other end of the clamping ring abuts against the roller (8) through the check ring (9) to be fixed.

10. The shield machine disc cutter of claim 2, wherein:

the cutter ring (2) can be assembled with a single-edge cutter ring or a multi-edge cutter ring according to construction requirements.

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