CN114870339A - Method for training countercheck of skeletal muscles of back of astronaut in microgravity environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for training the resistance of the skeletal muscles on the back of an astronaut in a microgravity environment. Belongs to the technical field of microgravity life health protection of astronauts. The invention constructs a training method for feedback real-time automatic adjustment according to the set parameters of training equipment and the training feedback parameters of a user, sets different training loading modes by controlling the working quantity of pneumatic artificial muscles, sets different training loading load types by controlling the air intake rate of the pneumatic artificial muscles, collects the skeletal muscle parameters of the user in a specific training loading mode by using a pressure sensor, feeds back and adjusts the set parameters of the training equipment, and outputs a training effect graph according to a pressure detection value and time. The multi-freedom-degree multi-mode load loading device aims at multi-freedom-degree multi-mode load loading of the skeletal muscle of the back by astronauts in a microgravity environment, and meanwhile, the load type is adjustable, light in weight, portable and the like. Has great significance for the training of the back musculoskeletal atrophy resistance of astronauts in microgravity environment for a long time.

Description

A method of skeletal muscle confrontation training in the back of astronauts in a microgravity environment

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of astronauts' microgravity life and health protection, and relates to a method for antagonizing skeletal muscles of astronauts' backs in a microgravity environment; in particular, it relates to a lightweight and multi-loading mode of astronauts' back bones in a microgravity environment. Methods and equipment for muscle resistance training.

Background technique

In the prior art, the long-term microgravity environment has a certain degree of influence on the astronaut's musculoskeletal joint system, including muscle atrophy, decreased bone density, and joint disease. Research has proven that exercise is an effective physical countermeasure against the physiological effects of weightlessness. At present, astronaut training equipment in microgravity mainly includes three categories: treadmills, resistance training equipment, and aerobic training equipment. Through continuous training, the effects of the musculoskeletal system caused by the microgravity environment can be alleviated;

Although astronauts adhere to an average of 2 hours of daily adversarial exercise, the microgravity environment in the short and medium term (4-6 months) has already led to the discovery of significant structural and functional changes in the astronauts' spines. , despite the high-intensity exercise countermeasures, the astronauts still experience 20%-40% atrophy of the spinal muscles, and bone loss of 1%/month (refer to the bone loss rate of the elderly on the ground 1%/year), from long-term microgravity The astronauts' disc herniation rate after the environment returned to the ground was 4.3 times that of the reference group on Earth. The reason is that most of the microgravity resistance training equipment that has been developed so far is mainly designed to target the muscles of the limbs, and the targeting of the skeletal muscle system of the back is not very strong, resulting in little back training effect despite sufficient training time;

At present, there is no specific training method and equipment for the skeletal muscle loss of the back of astronauts in the microgravity environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for antagonizing the skeletal muscles of the back of astronauts in a microgravity environment, which can train the user's bilateral and unilateral skeletal muscles by controlling the training equipment, and realize the movement by controlling the air pressure of the pneumatic artificial muscles. , static load loading, and display the training effect by outputting the pressure detection value and time relationship diagram of the training process.

Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

The specific operation steps of the method for antagonizing the skeletal muscles of the back of the astronauts in a microgravity environment according to the present invention are as follows:

Step (1), user wears training equipment;

Step (2), equipment preload: adjust the air pressure value in the pneumatic artificial muscle;

Step (3), equipment parameter initialization: initialize equipment pressure sensor value and pneumatic artificial muscle;

Step (4), equipment parameter setting: select loading mode and loading type and set specific parameters;

Step (5), training effect output: perform training according to the set parameters, and output the pressure detection value and the time relationship in the training process, which is the training process diagram.

Further, in step (1), the training equipment includes at least two shoulder straps (1), and pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are connected at both ends of the two shoulder straps (1);

A waist fixing belt (4) sleeved on the waist of the human body is installed at the lower end of the pneumatic artificial muscle (2) through the connecting belt, and a distance adjusting belt (3) is installed on the two adjacent connecting belts;

A waist adjusting buckle (7) is sleeved on the waist fixing belt (4);

A confinement ring (5) is installed at the central position of the waist fixing belt (4), and the restraining ring (5) is respectively connected with two left and right leg fixing belts (6) through the opened bifurcated connecting belt;

Leg adjustment buckles (8) are arranged on both of the leg fixing belts (6).

Further, the shoulder strap (1) includes a connector and a pressure sensor, and a high-strength polyester filament fabric is installed on the outside of the connector and the pressure sensor, and the two are wrapped together by the high-strength polyester filament fabric.

Further, there are four groups of the pneumatic artificial muscles (2), of which two groups are connected to the lower end of the shoulder strap (1) located on the front chest; the other two groups are connected to the lower end of the shoulder strap (1) located on the back.

Further, in step (1), the specific process of the user wearing the training equipment is as follows:

First, the waist fixing belt (4) and the leg fixing belt (5) are respectively fixed by the waist adjusting buckle (7) and the leg adjusting buckle (8);

Then, adjust different heights according to the length of the legs through the height adjustment buckle (9) of the leg ring;

Finally, the position of the pneumatic artificial muscle (2) is adjusted by the distance adjustment belt (3) to achieve the most comfortable wearing state.

Further, in step (2), the specific operation process of the device preloading is as follows:

First, inflate four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) at the same time for 5 seconds, adjust the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) so that the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) is the same, and then maintain the pressure for 5 minutes;

Then, the high and low positions of each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are adjusted through the length adjustment buckles (10), and the pressure sensors in the two shoulder straps (1) are kept in the same value.

Further, in step (3), the parameter initialization refers to: recording the preloaded pressure value as f ₀ at time t ₀ , and initializing the preloaded air pressure equivalent to zero.

Further, in step (4), the loading mode specifically includes 3 kinds:

1), four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are ventilated at the same time, and the whole back skeletal muscle is pressurized for training;

2), ventilate the two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) on the right front chest and back, and perform pressurization training on the right skeletal muscle;

3), ventilate the two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) on the left front chest and back, and perform pressurization training on the left skeletal muscle;

The loading load types include dynamic load, static load and combined dynamic and static load.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: 1. The present invention has designed a set of effective counter training methods and equipment for the astronaut back skeletal muscle system, which can be loaded by setting user requirements. The training method of mode and load type realizes specific load training for the specific part of the back skeletal muscle of the user; 2. The present invention is of great significance to the confrontation training of the back skeletal muscle of the microgravity astronaut, and is of great significance to the research and development of the real-time skeletal muscle structure and function in the microgravity environment. Non-destructive monitoring methods, technologies and equipment are of great value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the wearing schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the overall method flow chart of the present invention;

In the figure 1 is the shoulder strap, 2 is the pneumatic artificial muscle, 3 is the distance adjustment belt, 4 is the waist fixing belt, 5 is the confinement ring, 6 is the leg fixing belt, 7 is the waist adjustment buckle, 8 is the leg adjustment buckle, 9 is the height adjustment buckle of the leg ring, and 10 is the length adjustment buckle.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

The method for antagonizing the skeletal muscles of the back of an astronaut in a microgravity environment according to the present invention, the specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Wearable equipment: the user wears the training equipment and adjusts the length through buttons to achieve the most comfortable wearing state;

(2) Equipment preload: adjust the air pressure value in the pneumatic artificial muscle 2, so that the training equipment has a certain prestress;

(3), equipment parameter initialization: initialization equipment pressure sensor value and related parameters of pneumatic artificial muscle 2;

(4) Equipment parameter setting: select the loading mode and loading type and set specific parameters;

(5), training effect output: train according to the set parameters, and output the pressure detection value and time relationship during the training process, which is the training process diagram.

Further, in step (1), the training equipment includes a shoulder strap 1, a pneumatic artificial muscle 2, a distance adjustment belt 3, a waist fixing belt 4, a confinement ring 5, a leg fixing belt 6, a waist adjustment buckle 7, and a leg. Adjustment buckle 8, leg ring height adjustment buckle 9 and length adjustment buckle 10;

The pneumatic artificial muscle 2 is respectively connected with the shoulder strap 1 and the waist fixing strap 4 ; the waist fixing strap 4 is connected with the leg fixing strap 6 through the restraining ring 5 .

Further, the shoulder strap 1 includes a connecting piece and a pressure sensor, and the two are wrapped together by a high-strength polyester silk fabric.

Further, the pneumatic artificial muscle 2 has a total of four groups, which are respectively located on the front chest and the back, and the distance between the distance adjustment belts 3 is controlled. Realize the training methods of different loading modes and load types;

The waist adjustment buckle 7 and the leg adjustment buckle 8 play the role of fixing the waist fixing belt 4 and the leg fixing belt 6 respectively, and the waist fixing belt 4 is fixed at the specific position of the waist through the crotch, so that the load applied by training only acts on the human body Back; leg strap height adjustment buckle 9 plays the role of adjusting different heights according to the length of the legs.

Further, in step (1), the specific process of the user wearing the training equipment is as follows:

Wearing the training equipment, the user first fixes the waist fixing belt 4 and the leg fixing belt 6 through the waist adjustment buckle 7 and the leg adjustment buckle 8 respectively, and then adjusts different heights according to the length of the legs through the height adjustment buckle 9 of the leg ring, and then, through the distance The adjustment belt adjusts the position of the pneumatic artificial muscle 2 to achieve the most comfortable wearing state.

Further, in step (2), the specific process of device preloading is as follows:

(a), inflate four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 simultaneously for 5 seconds, adjust the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2, so that the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 is the same, and then maintain the pressure for 5 minutes;

(b), adjust the high and low positions of each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 through the length adjustment buckle 10, and keep the pressure sensor values of the two shoulder straps 1 consistent.

Further, in step (3), the parameter initialization refers to recording the preloaded pressure value as f ₀ at time t ₀ , and initializing the preloaded air pressure equivalent to zero.

Further, in step (4), the loading mode includes 3 kinds:

Four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 are ventilated at the same time to pressurize the entire back skeletal muscle;

Two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 on the right front chest and back were ventilated, and the right skeletal muscle was subjected to compression training;

The two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 on the left front chest and back were ventilated, and the left skeletal muscle was subjected to compression training.

The loading load types include three types: dynamic load, static load and combined dynamic and static load.

Fig. 2 is the overall method flow chart of the invention; including:

The user wears the training equipment, and fixes the leg straps 6 on the legs, the waist strap 4 on the waist, and the shoulder straps 1 on the shoulders. back.

Adjust the tightness of the waist fixing belt 4 and the leg fixing belt 6 according to the waist adjustment buckle 7 and the leg adjustment buckle 8 respectively, so as to achieve the effect of comfort and fixation. ; Adjust the high and low positions of each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 through the length adjustment buckle, and adjust the distance between the two artificial muscles of the front chest and the back through the distance adjustment belt 3, so as to achieve a comfortable wearing state.

Preload the equipment, inflate the four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 at the same time for 5S, adjust the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 so that the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 is the same, and then maintain the pressure for 5 minutes;

Adjust the high and low positions of the 10 groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 through the length adjustment buckle to keep the pressure sensor values of the two shoulder straps 1 consistent.

Initialize the equipment parameters, record the preloaded pressure value as f ₀ at time t ₀ , and initialize the preloaded air pressure equivalent to zero.

Set the parameters according to the training requirements, and choose whether it is unilateral, bilateral or overall force loading by controlling the ventilation quantity of the four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles 2 . By controlling the ventilation speed, time, rate of change, etc., the type of loading load is selected as dynamic load, static load or combined dynamic and static load.

The training effect is intuitively reflected according to the change process graph of the output pressure of the shoulder pressure sensor over time.

The working principle is as follows: the user wears the training device, adjusts the length through buttons to achieve the most comfortable wearing state, and then gives the pneumatic artificial muscle 2 a certain amount of air to make it have a certain prestress, and then initializes the control setting parameters and the pressure sensor f ₀ at time t ₀ , and then the selection of the loading mode is realized by controlling the working quantity of the pneumatic artificial muscle 2, and the selection of the load type is realized by controlling the ventilation process of the pneumatic artificial muscle 2. Finally, the shoulder strap pressure sensor outputs the curve graph of its pressure value over time, Quantitatively reflect the training effect

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but its protection scope is not limited to this. Equivalent replacements or changes to the inventive concept shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a microgravity environment, is characterized in that, its concrete operation steps are as follows: Step (1), user wears training equipment; Step (2), device preloading: Step (3), device parameter initialization; Step (4), equipment parameter setting: select loading mode and loading type and set specific parameters; Step (5), training effect output: perform training according to the set parameters, and output the pressure detection value and the time relationship in the training process, which is the training process diagram. 2. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, In step (1), the training equipment comprises at least two shoulder straps (1), and pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are connected at both ends of the two shoulder straps (1); A waist fixing belt (4) sleeved on the waist of the human body is installed at the lower end of the pneumatic artificial muscle (2) through the connecting belt, and a distance adjusting belt (3) is installed on the two adjacent connecting belts; A waist adjusting buckle (7) is sleeved on the waist fixing belt (4); A confinement ring (5) is arranged at the central position of the waist fixing belt (4), and the restraining ring (5) is respectively connected with two left and right leg fixing belts (6) through the opened bifurcated connecting belt; Leg adjustment buckles (8) are arranged on both of the leg fixing belts (6). 3. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that, The shoulder strap (1) includes a connecting piece and a pressure sensor, and a high-strength polyester filament fabric is arranged on the outside of the connecting piece and the pressure sensor, and the two are wrapped together by the high-strength polyester filament fabric. 4. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that, There are four groups of the pneumatic artificial muscles (2), of which two groups are connected to the lower ends of the shoulder straps (1) located on the front chest; the other two groups are connected to the lower ends of the shoulder straps (1) located on the back. 5. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (1), the specific process of the user wearing the training equipment is as follows: First, the waist fixing belt (4) and the leg fixing belt (5) are respectively fixed by the waist adjusting buckle (7) and the leg adjusting buckle (8); Then, adjust different heights according to the length of the legs through the height adjustment buckle (9) of the leg ring; Finally, the position of the pneumatic artificial muscle (2) is adjusted by the distance adjustment belt (3) to achieve the most comfortable wearing state. 6. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (2), the specific operation process of the device preloading is as follows: First, inflate the four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) at the same time for 5 seconds, adjust the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2), so that the air pressure in each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) is the same, and then maintain the pressure for 5 minutes; Then, the high and low positions of each group of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are adjusted through the length adjustment buckles (10), and the pressure sensors in the two shoulder straps (1) are kept in the same value. 7. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (3), the parameter initialization refers to: recording the preloaded pressure value as f ₀ at time t ₀ , and initializing the preloaded air pressure equivalent to zero. 8. astronaut back skeletal muscle confrontation training method under a kind of microgravity environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (4), the loading mode specifically includes three types: 1), four groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) are ventilated at the same time, and the whole back skeletal muscle is pressurized for training; 2), ventilate the two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) on the right front chest and back, and perform pressurization training on the right skeletal muscle; 3), ventilate the two groups of pneumatic artificial muscles (2) on the left front chest and back, and perform pressurization training on the left skeletal muscle; The loading load types include dynamic load, static load and combined dynamic and static load.

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