CN114858587B - A device and test method for measuring the softness and hardness of office chair seat surface - Google Patents
A device and test method for measuring the softness and hardness of office chair seat surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114858587B CN114858587B CN202210629662.XA CN202210629662A CN114858587B CN 114858587 B CN114858587 B CN 114858587B CN 202210629662 A CN202210629662 A CN 202210629662A CN 114858587 B CN114858587 B CN 114858587B
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring hardness of an office chair seat, wherein the hardness is judged by a hardness factor when the hardness of the office chair seat is required to be measured, the hardness is judged by a sag factor when the hardness of the office chair seat is required to be measured, and the hardness is judged by a thickness factor when the hardness of materials in the office chair seat is required to be measured. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for measuring the hardness of the seat surface of an office chair, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of measuring the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair, the looseness of the seat surface fabric and the hardness of materials in the seat surface, and has low cost and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of product design, and particularly relates to a device and a test method for measuring hardness of an office chair seat.
Background
The hardness measurement is a conventional measurement item in the measurement field, and typical hardness measurement instruments include a Brinell hardness tester, a Rockwell hardness tester, a Brinell hardness tester, a Shore hardness tester, a Papanicolaou hardness tester, a microhardness tester, a Morganer hardness tester, a Vicker hardness tester, and the like. Their measuring range includes the fields of ferrous metal materials, nonferrous metal materials, ceramics, rubber, glass fiber reinforced plastics products, etc. In the field of polyurethane foam, the hardness measurement device is required to provide a standard sample according to national standards for measurement. The office chair can not provide proper standard samples for monitoring due to the unique seat surface structure, and even if the office chair meets the standard, the office chair has a certain gap from the actual seat surface. The hardness is an important parameter of the design of the seat surface shaping cotton, and the comfort range of the seat surface can be known by measuring the hardness of the whole chair, so that the product quality is ensured. With the current hardness testing equipment, a device special for measuring the hardness of the whole office chair and a device for accurately measuring the hardness of the shaped cotton are not available. While the technical means of high-precision instruments such as a mechanical testing machine and the like can achieve the purpose of measuring the collapse hardness, the instruments used for measuring the shaping cotton can cause inaccuracy and cannot meet the standard requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for measuring the hardness of the seat surface of an office chair, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of measuring the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair, the looseness of the seat surface fabric and the hardness of materials in the seat surface, and has low cost and strong practicability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A test method for measuring hardness of an office chair seat surface is characterized in that the hardness of the office chair seat surface is judged through a hardness factor when the hardness of the office chair seat surface is required to be measured, the hardness of the office chair seat surface fabric is required to be measured through a sag factor, and the hardness of the material inside the office chair seat surface is required to be measured through a thickness factor.
Further, the discriminating process of the hardness factor includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, sticking a flexible capacitance sensor on the seat surface of an office chair;
Step 1.2, applying force downwards to a flexible capacitive sensor on the office chair seat at a speed V1, and loading the force to 800N to obtain a relation curve of the office chair seat force and the capacitance;
step 1.3, calculating the hardness factor of the office chair seat:
Wherein H z represents the hardness factor of the office chair seat, H z represents the higher hardness of the office chair seat, H z represents the softer office chair seat, d (c) represents the differential of the capacitance, On the relation curve representing the office chair seat force and the capacitance, the total area enclosed between the capacitance change curve with the range of 0N-800N and the applied force is represented by K 1, and the slope average value of the relation curve representing the office chair seat force and the capacitance when the force is taken as the X-axis capacitance as the Y-axis.
Preferably, the calculation formula of K 1 in step 1.3 is:
Wherein N is the number of different force points in the force value range of 300N-700N, and d (ci)/d (Fi) represents the slope of the relationship curve of the office chair seat force and the capacitance when the force value is i.
Preferably, n= 3,i takes three values of 340N, 460N and 580N, i.e. the calculation of K 1:
further, the process for discriminating the sag factor comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, sticking a flexible capacitance sensor on the seat surface of the office chair;
Step 2.2, pulling the seat surface fabric upwards at a speed V2 on the seat surface of the office chair, and loading the seat surface fabric to a fabric loading upper limit force value F 0 to obtain a relation curve of the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric;
step 2.3, calculating the sag factor of the seat surface fabric:
Wherein, sm represents the relaxation factor of the seat surface fabric, sm represents the higher hardness of the seat surface fabric, sm represents the lower hardness of the seat surface fabric, K 2 represents the relation curve of the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric at the upper limit force value F 0 of the fabric loading, And on a relation curve representing the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric, the total area enclosed between the capacitance change curve in the range of 0N-F 0 and the applied force is shown.
Preferably, F 0 is less than or equal to 100N.
Further, the discriminating process of the thickness factor includes the steps of:
Step 3.1, sampling the shaping cotton in the office chair seat;
Step 3.2, cutting the shaping cotton sample based on the fixed length, width and height to enable the shaping cotton sample to be in a uniform rectangular block;
step 3.3, applying downward fixing force Fg to the shaping cotton sample;
Step 3.4, obtaining the thickness d2 of the shaping cotton sample under the action of the pressure Fg through a thickness sensor, and calculating the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton to be d1-d2, wherein d1 is the height of the shaping cotton sample;
and 3.5, judging the hardness of the shaping cotton based on the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton, wherein the smaller the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton is, the higher the hardness of the shaping cotton is, the larger the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton is, and the lower the hardness of the shaping cotton is.
The invention further provides a testing device for measuring the hardness of the office chair seat, which comprises a rectangular base, wherein peripheral frames are respectively and fixedly arranged on short sides of the rectangular base, 2 cross beams parallel to the long sides of the rectangular base are fixedly arranged at the tops of the peripheral frames, the distance between each cross beam and the two long sides of the rectangular base is equal, a telescopic rod in the vertical direction is fixedly arranged in the middle of each cross beam, a mechanical sensor is arranged on each telescopic rod, a pressure pad is fixedly arranged at the bottom of each telescopic rod, a testing table is detachably arranged in the middle of each rectangular base, a thickness sensor is arranged on each testing table, when the telescopic rods are in an extension position, the pressure pads are in contact with the testing tables, when the hardness of materials in the office chair seat needs to be measured, the office chair seat is placed on a placing table, or the testing table is dismantled, the office chair seat is placed on the rectangular base, a flexible capacitance sensor is detachably arranged on the office chair seat, a pressure pad is detachably arranged on the flexible capacitance sensor, when the pressure pad is placed on the office chair seat, and the flexible capacitance pad is placed on the flexible capacitance pad, and when the flexible capacitance sensor is placed on the office chair seat, and the flexible capacitance pad is placed on the flexible capacitance pad is required to be pulled up, and the flexible capacitance pad is placed on the flexible capacitance pad.
Preferably, the test bench comprises a transverse plate and a supporting shaft, wherein a convex ring is arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate, a convex ring is arranged at the top of the supporting shaft, the convex ring is matched with the convex ring, a plurality of equidistant brackets are arranged at the bottom of the supporting shaft, and the brackets are hinged with the supporting shaft.
Preferably, the bottom of rectangle base is equipped with the recess, be equipped with the apron of looks adaptation on the recess, be equipped with the hole in the recess, the hole with the bottom looks joint of back shaft, the central point of recess puts and is regular polygon, the number of support is the number of regular polygon's angle, and the bottom of support is placed on regular polygon's angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for measuring the hardness of the seat surface of an office chair, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of measuring the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair, the looseness of the seat surface fabric and the hardness of materials in the seat surface, and has low cost and strong practicability.
1. According to the invention, a force sensor is used for applying a certain force to the pressure pad, then the flexible strain sensor is used for measuring the capacitance accumulation of the stressed seat surface, and the hardness value of the seat surface is calculated through a force-capacitance nonlinear relation curve, so that the method is simple and easy to realize.
2. The invention can also measure the thickness of the shaping cotton on the seat surface of the office chair, fills the blank that the thickness of the shaping cotton is not tested by professional equipment, combines the test of the whole seat surface with the test of the shaping cotton, meets different requirements of enterprises, and has extremely high practical value.
3. The invention can also independently measure the relaxation factor of the fabric on the finished seat, thereby knowing the influence of the fabric on the hardness of the seat surface and providing convenience for the comfort research of enterprises on the fabric.
3. The invention can measure the seat surface independently and simultaneously can measure the hardness of the seat surface on the whole chair without disassembling the seat surface, and the device is simple and easy to operate.
4. According to the invention, the stability of the test bench can be well ensured through the clamping structure of the hole and the supporting shaft and the contact type support of the bracket and the regular polygon structure of the groove. In addition, the design of the cover plate enables the rectangular base in the storage state to be smooth, so that the lower part of the pressure pad can be directly moved to the office chair without passing through the test board, and the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair can be directly measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for measuring hardness of an office chair seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the device for measuring hardness of an office chair seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the device for measuring hardness of the seat surface of an office chair according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of a stretch seat face fabric of the present invention measuring sag of an office chair seat face fabric;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the cover plate and the base of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the support bar to the base of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the insertion of the test stand and the support rod of the present invention
1-Rectangular base, 2-peripheral frame, 3-crossbeam, 4-telescopic link, 5-pressure pad, 6-mechanical sensor, 7-flexible capacitive sensor, 8-thickness sensor, 9-testboard, 10-back shaft, 11-support, 12-apron, 13-recess, 14-hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a testing device and a method for measuring hardness of an office chair seat.
As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a rectangular base 1, wherein peripheral frames 2 and 2 are respectively and fixedly arranged on short sides of the rectangular base 1, a cross beam 3 parallel to long sides of the rectangular base 1 is fixedly arranged at the top of the peripheral frames 2, the distance between the cross beam 3 and two long sides of the rectangular base 1 is equal, a telescopic rod 4 in the vertical direction is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the cross beam 3, a mechanical sensor 6 is arranged on the telescopic rod 4, a pressure pad 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod 4, a test table 9 is detachably arranged at the middle position of the rectangular base 1, a thickness sensor 8 is arranged on the test table 9, when the telescopic rod 4 is in an extension position, the pressure pad 5 is in contact with the test table 9, and when the hardness of materials in an office chair seat needs to be measured, an internal material sample is placed on the test table 9.
Preferably, the pressure pad 5 is in the form of a buttock. The shape of the buttocks of a human body is simulated by adopting the buttocks type pressure pad, the truest pressure value of the human body is restored to the greatest extent, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
The invention adopts a flexible capacitance sensing technology, changes the capacitance value along with the deformation of the seat surface under the stress, and tests the change of the capacitance of the pressed object along with the stress strain.
When the hardness of the material inside the office chair seat needs to be measured, the judgment is carried out through the thickness factor.
Specifically, the discriminating process of the thickness factor includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, sampling the shaping cotton in the office chair seat;
Step 3.2, cutting the shaping cotton sample based on the fixed length, width and height to enable the shaping cotton sample to be in a uniform rectangular block;
step 3.3, applying downward fixing force Fg to the shaping cotton sample;
Step 3.4, obtaining the thickness d2 of the shaping cotton sample under the action of the pressure Fg through a thickness sensor, and calculating the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton to be d1-d2, wherein d1 is the height of the shaping cotton sample;
and 3.5, judging the hardness of the shaping cotton based on the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton, wherein the smaller the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton is, the higher the hardness of the shaping cotton is, the larger the thickness variation difference value of the shaping cotton is, and the lower the hardness of the shaping cotton is.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 only in that the structure of the test stand is limited, and the detachable and certain stability is achieved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the test board 9 includes a transverse plate and a support shaft 10, a convex ring is disposed at the bottom of the transverse plate, a convex ring is disposed at the top of the support shaft 10, the convex ring is adapted to the convex ring, a plurality of equidistant brackets 11 are disposed at the bottom of the support shaft 10, and the brackets 11 are hinged to the support shaft 10.
Preferably, the convex ring and the convex ring are internally provided with internal threads and external threads which are matched.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 2 only in that the stability of the test bench is further enhanced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a groove 13 is formed at the bottom of the rectangular base 1, and an adaptive cover plate 12 is disposed on the groove 13, and as shown in fig. 5, the cover plate 12 is hinged to the groove 13. The inside of the groove 13 is provided with a hole 14, the hole 14 is clamped with the bottom of the supporting shaft 10, the center of the groove 13 is in a regular polygon shape, the number of the brackets 11 is the number of the corners of the regular polygon, and the bottom of the brackets 11 is placed on the corners of the regular polygon. Through the joint structure of the hole 14 and the supporting shaft 10 and the contact type support of the bracket 11 and the regular polygon structure of the groove, the stability of the test bench can be well ensured. In addition, the design of the cover plate 12 enables the rectangular base 1 in the accommodating state to be flat, so that the office chair can be directly moved below the pressure pad 5 without passing through the test board 9, and the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair can be directly measured.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 only in that the hardness of the office seating surface was tested using the apparatus.
When the hardness of the office chair seat needs to be measured, the office chair seat is placed on a placing table, as shown in fig. 2, or the test table is removed, the office chair is placed on the rectangular base 1, as shown in fig. 3, the office chair seat is detachably provided with a flexible capacitance sensor 7, and the pressure pad 5 applies force downwards at a speed V1. The pressure pad 5 may be in contact with a flexible capacitive sensor 7 downwards. The bottom of the flexible capacitance sensor 7 and the top of the office chair seat are respectively provided with a magic tape which is matched with each other, so that the flexible capacitance sensor 7 is stuck on the office chair seat.
When the hardness of the seat surface of the office chair needs to be measured, the hardness is judged by the hardness factor.
Specifically, the discriminating process of the hardness factor includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, sticking a flexible capacitance sensor on the seat surface of an office chair;
Step 1.2, applying force downwards to a flexible capacitive sensor on the office chair seat at a speed V1, and loading the force to 800N to obtain a relation curve of the office chair seat force and the capacitance;
step 1.3, calculating the hardness factor of the office chair seat:
Wherein H z represents the hardness factor of the office chair seat, H z represents the higher hardness of the office chair seat, H z represents the softer office chair seat, d (c) represents the differential of the capacitance, On the relation curve representing the office chair seat force and the capacitance, the total area enclosed between the capacitance change curve with the range of 0N-800N and the applied force is represented by K 1, and the slope average value of the relation curve representing the office chair seat force and the capacitance when the force is taken as the X-axis capacitance as the Y-axis.
Preferably, the calculation formula of K 1 in step 1.3 is:
Wherein N is the number of different force points in the force value range of 300N-700N, and d (ci)/d (Fi) represents the slope of the relationship curve of the office chair seat force and the capacitance when the force value is i.
Further preferably, n= 3,i takes three values of 340N, 460N and 580N, i.e. the calculation of K 1:
Example 5
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that when the hardness of the fabric is required to be measured, the office chair seat is placed on the placement table as shown in fig. 2, or the test table is removed, the office chair is placed on the rectangular base 1 as shown in fig. 3, the office chair seat is detachably provided with the flexible capacitance sensor 7, the flexible capacitance sensor 7 is simultaneously connected with the flexible capacitance sensor 7 and the pressure pad 5, and the pressure pad 5 pulls the seat fabric upward at the speed V2. The upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible capacitive sensor 7 are respectively provided with a sticky material, such as a magic tape, and the corresponding contact part of the flexible capacitive sensor 7 with the pressure pad 5 and the office chair seat is also provided with a magic tape, the top of the flexible capacitive sensor 7 is matched with the magic tape at the bottom of the pressure pad 5, and the bottom of the flexible capacitive sensor 7 is matched with the magic tape at the top of the office chair seat.
When the hardness of the office chair seat fabric needs to be measured, judgment is carried out through a relaxation factor Sm representing the tension degree of the fabric, as shown in FIG. 4. The office chair seat fabric has different tension in the process of applying the same deformation due to different materials and elasticity of different fabrics, and a factor affecting the characteristics of the fabric is always called a relaxation factor Sm, and the factor has a certain influence on the overall hardness of the seat.
Specifically, the process for discriminating the sag factor includes the following steps:
step 2.1, sticking a flexible capacitance sensor on the seat surface of the office chair;
Step 2.2, pulling the seat surface fabric upwards at a speed V2 on the seat surface of the office chair, and loading the seat surface fabric to a fabric loading upper limit force value F 0 to obtain a relation curve of the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric;
step 2.3, calculating the sag factor of the seat surface fabric:
Wherein, sm represents the relaxation factor of the seat surface fabric, sm represents the higher hardness of the seat surface fabric, sm represents the lower hardness of the seat surface fabric, K 2 represents the relation curve of the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric at the upper limit force value F 0 of the fabric loading, And on a relation curve representing the force and the capacitance of the seat surface fabric, the total area enclosed between the capacitance change curve in the range of 0N-F 0 and the applied force is shown. Wherein F 0 enables the fabric to reach a tensioning state, and F 0 is less than or equal to 100N.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN202210629662.XA CN114858587B (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2022-06-02 | A device and test method for measuring the softness and hardness of office chair seat surface |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111157380A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-05-15 | 五邑大学 | Device and method for measuring hardness |
| CN111965058A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-20 | 南京林业大学 | A multifunctional mattress hardness tester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH06327534A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Seat device |
| CN100412526C (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-08-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Improvement method and device for indentation test function of material testing machine |
| US9581533B2 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2017-02-28 | Shaoming Wu | Modular hardness testing machine |
| CN112229747A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-15 | 深圳市赛德检测技术有限公司 | Sofa hardness testing equipment |
| CN112378686B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2024-03-12 | 大自然科技股份有限公司 | Method for judging mattress support stability index |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111157380A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-05-15 | 五邑大学 | Device and method for measuring hardness |
| CN111965058A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-20 | 南京林业大学 | A multifunctional mattress hardness tester |
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