CN114856296B - Fireproof protection tent and use method thereof - Google Patents
Fireproof protection tent and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114856296B CN114856296B CN202210517334.0A CN202210517334A CN114856296B CN 114856296 B CN114856296 B CN 114856296B CN 202210517334 A CN202210517334 A CN 202210517334A CN 114856296 B CN114856296 B CN 114856296B
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/28—Umbrella type tents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/46—Construction of the actuator
- A62C37/48—Thermally sensitive initiators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
- E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
- E04H15/54—Covers of tents or canopies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fireproof protection tent and a use method thereof in the technical field of petrochemical industry, wherein the fireproof protection tent comprises an umbrella-shaped support frame and a fireproof tent, the tent is made of flexible fireproof cloth, and the umbrella-shaped support frame is connected with support section steel; the fireproof tent is of an inner-outer sandwich structure and comprises a fireproof tent outer layer, a fireproof tent inner layer and a fireproof tent sandwich layer, wherein the fireproof tent inner layer is of a structure with a closed upper part, a circle of holes between the fireproof tent top outer layer and the sandwich layer are overflow holes, an overflow hole shielding plate is arranged outside the overflow holes, and a water storage bag is arranged in the fireproof tent sandwich layer. The invention can solve the technical problems of expensive fireproof performance and inconvenient maintenance of equipment in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry, and particularly relates to a fireproof protection tent for chemical equipment.
Technical Field
In petrochemical industry, fire is the main danger, and when the fire happens, according to the safety requirement, a plurality of devices are required to be protected from fire, and important static devices, as well as movable device pumps or key emergency cut-off valves are also arranged, and the fire protection technology adopted by the devices mainly depends on the fire resistance of the materials of the devices to resist long-time high temperature, such as stainless steel and the like, or thick fire blanket or fire cover is packaged on the outer surface of the device, or thick fire paint is brushed, and the like. The price of high temperature resistant material is very expensive, and the range of selection is very narrow, and thick fire blanket or fire hood must be according to certain standard manufacturing just can guarantee fire behavior, and current standard is UL 1709, and the producer that can produce the compliance standard in China is few, and the cost of product is very expensive, even is equivalent with valve actuating mechanism's price, and the installation is very troublesome, installs ineligibly, can also weaken to the protective capability of conflagration. After installation, the detection and maintenance of the actuating mechanism of the movable equipment such as a key valve which needs to be operated, detected and maintained are very inconvenient, and the observation of the true valve position is also inconvenient.
These devices are often inconvenient to operate, require opening or closing doors and windows in the fire hood, and when the fire hood housing is a rigid frame structure, also limit the flexibility of use and manual handling of the tool, and current fire protection techniques have significant limitations.
The current fireproof cloth technology is relatively mature, market purchase is easy, common material cloth materials comprise silica gel, glass fiber, basalt fiber, acrylic fiber, silicon dioxide, aluminum foil cloth, ceramic fiber cloth and the like, the fireproof cloth can resist high temperature of 1200-1700 ℃, can be used for a long time at 500-900 ℃, are environment-friendly, have different prices from 5-150 yuan per square meter, are economical, and provide possibility for providing a more flexible fireproof method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fireproof protection tent and a use method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of high fireproof performance and inconvenient maintenance of equipment in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fireproof protection tent comprises an umbrella-shaped support frame and a fireproof tent, wherein the tent is made of flexible fireproof cloth, and the umbrella-shaped support frame is connected with support section steel; the method is characterized in that: the fireproof tent is of an inner and outer sandwich structure and comprises a fireproof tent outer layer, a fireproof tent inner layer and a fireproof tent sandwich layer, wherein the fireproof tent inner layer is of a structure with a closed upper part, a circle of holes between the fireproof tent top outer layer and the sandwich layer are overflow holes, an overflow hole shielding plate is arranged outside the overflow holes, and a water storage bag is arranged in the fireproof tent sandwich layer; the fire-fighting water main pipe is inserted into the fireproof tent interlayer from the top of the umbrella-shaped supporting frame and then divided into a plurality of fire-fighting water branch pipes which are downwards pricked into the lower parts of overflow holes in the fireproof tent interlayer.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: the flexible fireproof cloth is high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth, fireproof fiber or fireproof coiled material, and the like, the fireproof cloth has a long-term use temperature of 500-900 ℃, the high temperature resistance can reach 1700 ℃, the better the high-temperature resistance is, the better the fireproof reliability is, and the fireproof cloth can be selected according to the importance of protected equipment.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: the fireproof tent is characterized in that a plurality of water storage bags are arranged in the fireproof tent interlayer, and the water storage bags are made of fireproof cloth and are tightly fixed in the interlayer from top to bottom. A flexible fireproof sponge is fixed in the water storage bag and is used for fire stopping, water absorption and water storage, and when water passes through the water storage bag, the water absorption material absorbs water.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: when the tent falls down to cover the protection area due to fire, a large amount of mist water and spray water are sprayed inside the tent to play a role in fire fighting for flames in the tent.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: the umbrella-shaped support frame is welded with the support section steel, the umbrella-shaped support frame is made of steel pipes, and the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped support frame slightly warps upwards to support the rolled tent.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: the support section steel is made of carbon steel, and the total weight of the support section steel can bear the weight of the support section steel after water injection. Each side interconnect of fire prevention tent, inside top surface is sealed, when triggered the fire prevention function by the conflagration, and the tent is under fire water pressure and gravity effect down umbrella-shaped support frame whereabouts, covers the protection zone when the bottom falls to the ground, inside formation relative enclosure space.
The invention relates to a fireproof protection tent, which is further characterized in that: the fire-fighting water main pipe is arranged in a protected area from the ground lifting position and the supporting section steel, the fire-fighting water branch pipes are distributed in a plurality of directions, the water can be uniformly injected in all directions, the water injection position at the tail end is lower than the overflow hole position, the branch pipes are clung to the inner layer, when the water injection is ensured, the upper water storage bag is injected firstly, the upper water storage bag overflows to the lower water storage bag after being filled, and finally water is filled in the interlayer.
The invention provides a using method of a fireproof protection tent, which uses the fireproof protection device. When the device is not used at ordinary times, the fireproof protection tent is rolled up and placed on the umbrella-shaped support frame at the top of the protected device, so that the normal operation, maintenance and the maintenance of the device are not affected. When the fire breaks out in the unburned and protected area, the fusible plug connected to the Tube of the pneumatic ball valve actuating mechanism is firstly burnt out, the valve acts to open the fire-fighting water valve, water begins to be injected into the interlayer of the fireproof tent, the tent falls from the umbrella-shaped supporting frame under the action of water pressure and gravity to cover the equipment, the fire-fighting water quickly fills the interlayer to form the fireproof water wall, when the flame burns to the tent, the high temperature causes water vapor outside the tent and inside the interlayer to be vaporized, the water vapor is sprayed downwards from the overflow holes at the top end of the tent, the shielding plate is led downwards to form a steam curtain around the tent to slow down fire, a large amount of heat is taken away after the water vaporization, the temperature in the interlayer of the tent is maintained, the water is continuously replenished, the fire-fighting water valve is continuously vaporized, so long as the interlayer has liquid water, the equipment temperature in the tent cannot rise by more than 100 ℃, the inside the tent is continuously provided with an atomized water spray head, the atomized water is continuously manufactured and sprayed inside the tent, once the tent has flame combustion, the inside atomized water is easier to vaporize and absorb heat, the gaseous vapor density is smaller than air, the water vapor is quickly accumulated at the top, the tent is rapidly removed from the bottom, the tent is cut off from the inside, the tent is formed in the emergency area, the emergency fire protection area is continuously used in the environment, the fire protection area is protected, the fire protection system can be continuously protected, the fire protection can be continuously used in the fire protection area, and can be protected, and the fire protection system can be continuously used in the fire protection, and can be protected, and can be used in the fire-fighting and protected, and the fire protection area, and can be safely and protected, and can be used for the fire-fighting and protected.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the most important advantage of the present invention is the economy of design, saving a lot of investment compared to current fire blanket or hood technology.
2. The fire-proof method of the invention mainly comprises water vaporization, the principle is environment-friendly, and no secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
3. All equipment and parts of the fireproof system can be repeatedly utilized for many times, cannot be damaged, even if the equipment and the parts are damaged, the vulnerable parts are all general products which are easy to purchase in the market, no special parts exist, and the fireproof system is convenient to maintain and repair, and quick and easy to replace.
4. The principle of the invention determines that the system is different from other fireproof equipment, the used materials do not need special time indexes which are required to resist high temperature of flame, and as long as the fire-fighting water pipe network system ensures normal pressure, the system can continuously prevent fire for a long time, and the functions are not affected.
5. Even if the fire-fighting tent is triggered by mistake in a non-fire disaster, the fire-fighting tent has no influence on production and environment, water in the fire-fighting tent interlayer is extruded by closing the hand valve, the top of the equipment is reeled, the Tube pipeline system is maintained, pressurized and sealed again, and the fire-fighting water hand valve is opened, so that the fire-fighting tent is convenient to throw in again.
6. The tent and the interlayer of the invention have no absolute sealing requirement, are relatively easy to seal, have the injection amount of fire water larger than the leakage amount, and have simple design scheme, manufacture and construction and easy implementation.
7. The invention is not limited by the structural size of the fireproof tent, is not limited by the number and the area of the protected equipment, can be flexibly designed according to the principle and the size of the protected equipment and the area, can simultaneously protect several pieces of equipment or whole skid-mounted equipment, even a certain layer of frame or a certain tower or tank and the like, and is easy to design and flexible to implement according to the principle and the principle of the invention by designing an oversized tent, thickening a fire-fighting water pipe, designing a plurality of spray heads and increasing water quantity and also designing a small tent.
8. When the fire disaster happens, the inner personnel are covered, and the tent is of a flexible structure, so that the personnel can lift the bottom for escape, and the personnel safety is not affected.
9. The invention is suitable for all occasions of water fire extinguishment and has wide application range.
10. The fire protection system is easy to test after being installed on site, the pipe cap of the actuating mechanism after the small ball valve at the tail end of the small tee joint is unscrewed, the small ball valve is opened for air leakage, the fire protection system can be tested, any equipment is not damaged by the test, after the function is confirmed, the fire protection system can be inflated and pressurized again, and the pressure of the small pressure gauge detected during normal inspection is basically consistent with the pressurizing pressure, so that the fire protection system can be regarded as normal in function.
11. The invention has no selectivity to fire scenes, the system is of a fully-closed structure, and the invention is applicable to flame combustion direction, flame type injection fire or pool fire and has wide application range.
12. The invention is also suitable for protecting equipment which is not connected to the process pipeline, if the economic value or the safety value is extremely high, such as small buildings, cabinets, cabins, junction boxes or storage equipment, etc., the principle application scope is wide, and the protected equipment can be ensured to be used continuously after fire disaster.
13. The special structure of the fire fighting sprinkler is also beneficial to protecting the internal valuable equipment from being damaged by the high-pressure fire fighting sprinkler during external fire fighting, and the equipment can be continuously used after fire.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but does not limit the scope of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a fire protection tent of the present invention when rolled up;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a fire protection tent of the present invention when rolled up;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a fire protection tent of the present invention when dropped;
FIG. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of a fire protection tent of the present invention when dropped;
FIG. 5 is a schematic detailed view of the water storage bag function of the fire protection tent of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic detailed view of the function of a tent roof of the fire protection tent of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a functional schematic diagram of a fire scene of a fire protection tent of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a detailed functional view of a Tube system of a fire protection tent of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals shown are: 1-Tube system; 2-tee joint; 3-emergency shut-off valve cable; 4-an emergency cut-off valve instrument air pipe; 5-emergency shut-off valve actuator; 6-umbrella-shaped supporting frames; 7-supporting section steel; 8-fire water main pipe; 9-a manual ball valve; 10-a pneumatic ball valve; 11-fire-blocking wall; 12-fire fighting water branch pipes; 13-overflow holes; 14-overflow aperture mask; 15-a water storage bag; 16-a fireproof sponge; 17-steam curtain; 18-a water wall; 19-flame; 20-spraying water spray nozzle; 21-an outer layer of the fireproof tent; 22-a fireproof tent inner layer; 23-a fireproof tent interlayer; 24-fusible plugs; 25-gas injection joint; 26-a pressure gauge; 27-gas injection isolation ball valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structural components of the invention are shown in detail in figures 1 to 8.
The main structural components of the fireproof tent comprise four functional blocks, namely a supporting structure of the fireproof tent, a fire water system, a fireproof tent body and a flame detection interlocking system.
The supporting structure of the fireproof tent is shown in the accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the supporting structure of the fireproof tent is composed of supporting section steel 7 and umbrella-shaped supporting frames 6, the supporting section steel 7 is vertically installed on the ground at the edge of protected equipment, then transverse welding beams are transversely conducted until the equipment is at the top, the umbrella-shaped supporting frames 6 are welded at the top ends of the supporting section steel 7, the positions of the umbrella-shaped supporting frames are exactly located at the top ends of the protected equipment, and the supporting structure is used for supporting the weight of the fireproof tent and internal water when the fireproof tent falls down and is injected with water, so that the shape of the tent is kept to cover the protected equipment.
The fire-fighting water system is shown in figure 3, and consists of a fire-fighting water main pipe 8, a manual ball valve 9, a pneumatic ball valve 10 and fire-fighting water branch pipes 12, wherein the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 is led out from the ground, the manual ball valve 9 is arranged on the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 at the nearest place of free ground, then the pneumatic ball valve 10 is arranged at the downstream, the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 is laid upwards along the supporting section steel 7 until reaching the top of the umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6, the fire-fighting water branch pipes 12 are arranged at the tail end, and the fire-fighting water branch pipes 12 are all pricked into an interlayer of the fire-fighting tent, and the main function of the fire-fighting water main pipe is to continuously inject water into the interlayer 23 of the tent after being triggered to fall by the flame detection interlocking system.
The fireproof tent body is shown in fig. 3 and 4, and consists of a fireproof tent outer layer 21, a fireproof tent inner layer 22, a fireproof tent interlayer 23, a water storage bag 15 and a fireproof sponge 16, wherein the fireproof tent interlayer 23 is positioned between the fireproof tent outer layer 21 and the fireproof tent inner layer 22 and is of a hollow structure, the water storage bag 15 and the fireproof sponge 16 are installed in the interlayer, the overflow hole 13 is formed in the top of the interlayer, the cover overflow hole mask 14 is arranged in the interlayer, the main functions of the cover overflow hole mask are that the cover overflow hole mask falls after the flame detection interlocking system is triggered, the inner part of the cover overflow hole mask can be filled with water by the fireproof water system to form a water wall, and water overflows from the top overflow hole after being filled with water, so that the purpose of protecting equipment is achieved.
The flame detection interlocking system is referring to fig. 8, and is composed of a fusible plug 24, a Tube system 1, a tee joint 2, a gas injection isolation ball valve 27, a pressure gauge 26 and a gas injection joint 25, wherein the whole system is one end of an actuating mechanism cylinder of a pneumatic ball valve 11, a plurality of fusible plugs 24 are connected in parallel on the Tube, the terminal pressure gauge 26, the gas injection isolation ball valve 27 and the gas injection joint 25 are mainly used for keeping the internal pressure of a pipeline system when the flame burns the fusible plugs 24, the pipeline of the system loses pressure after the actuating mechanism acts, and the fire water system is opened to trigger the tent to fall.
The following details the method of use of the components.
1. Fireproof tent appearance and structural description:
the main components of the fireproof system are fireproof tent, which consists of a fireproof tent outer layer 21, a fireproof tent inner layer 22 and a fireproof tent interlayer 23, after being unfolded and fallen, the fireproof system has the appearance similar to a tent structure, when the appearance of the protected equipment is very small, the fireproof tent can be designed into a cone shape, when the equipment or the protected area is relatively large, the fireproof tent can be designed into a pyramid-like shape, the fireproof tent can be conveniently rolled up to be placed on an umbrella-shaped support frame 6 at the top of the equipment when the fireproof tent is normally not used, after the fireproof tent interlayer 23 is filled with water, the fireproof equipment or the area can be rapidly fallen and unfolded under the action of water pressure and gravity, the covered area is not very large, the optimal scheme is to just cover the edge of the protected important equipment or the protected area, so that the service efficiency of the fire-fighting water is the highest, the tent is designed to be slightly unfolded when the equipment or the protected area is relatively large, and the landing purpose is to ensure the relative tightness of the inside.
Referring to fig. 3, the invention is characterized in that the fireproof tent is designed as an inner and outer interlayer, the inner layer 22 of the fireproof tent is designed as a structure with a closed upper part, the top end is not provided with holes except the bottom, the top of the outer layer 21 of the fireproof tent is provided with a circle of small holes, the function is designed as overflow holes 13, the outside of the small holes is provided with an overflow hole shielding plate 14 which is blocked by fire cloth, the function is to enable the spraying direction to downwards and uniformly flow along the outer layer when steam or water is sprayed out, the bottom of the inner layer and the outer layer are sewed, the lowest point is designed as a small hole drainage sealed by a movable zipper, the middle of the interlayer is designed as a relatively closed structure except the top overflow holes 13, and the function is that after the fire triggers the fireproof tent to fall, the fire water starts to be injected and the middle of the interlayer is filled with water to form a water wall 18.
The middle of the fireproof tent interlayer 22 is provided with a plurality of layers of independent water storage bags 15 which are arranged side by side, the water storage bags 15 are made of fireproof cloth, are sewn and fixed on the inner layer of the fireproof tent, and are closely distributed from top to bottom to cover the inner layer. Referring to fig. 5, a flexible fireproof sponge 16 and other water-absorbing fireproof materials are fixed in the water storage bag, and are used for fire stopping, water absorption and water storage, when water passes through the water storage bag, the water absorption materials absorb water, the water storage bag is filled with water, so that once the outer fireproof cloth is leaked by burning or mechanically broken, the leaked holes are large, the water loss rate in the interlayer is higher than the water injection rate, and the interlayer cannot be filled, fire water can still be injected into the water storage bag 15 at the moment, the water in the water storage bag in the interlayer can still be vaporized continuously and continuously absorb water to supplement, a second water wall structure can be formed continuously, the damage of high-temperature flame to the inner fireproof cloth is resisted, more extreme conditions are met, the problem of fire water cannot be continuously supplemented, the water in the water storage bag can delay the fire prevention time, the water storage bag itself also belongs to a layer of fire prevention layer, and the fire prevention time can delay the fire prevention time to wait for external fire prevention and extinguishment.
2. Material description of the fireproof tent:
the fireproof tent body is sewn by fireproof cloth, the fireproof cloth material is flexible high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth, fireproof fiber, fireproof coiled material and the like, the fireproof cloth is used for a long time at 500-900 ℃, the high temperature resistance can reach 1700 ℃, the fireproof tent body is not limited by the use of materials, the better the high-temperature-resistant performance is, the better the fireproof reliability is, the fireproof tent body can be selected according to the importance of protected equipment, because the fireproof principle does not mainly depend on the fireproof performance of the materials, the fireproof tent body mainly depends on the vaporization and the cooling of water, the fireproof cloth material has the function of resisting high temperature when the interlayer is short of being filled with water, the fireproof cloth is flexible, can be sewn by steel wires or fireproof sewing threads, does not need special waterproof performance, can slightly permeate water, is not special in principle, is inexpensive in principle, is easy to purchase in markets, and belongs to environment-friendly materials such as glass fiber silica gel fireproof cloth and the like which are common in markets. The fireproof sponge 16 has fixed standards in the market, can be environment-friendly fireproof materials such as polyurethane foam materials, and basically adopts a soft foam type, and has the main functions of properly blocking and absorbing fire, and the appearance, the thickness and the hardness are based on the convenience of rolling.
Pneumatic ball valve 10 and Tube system 1:
referring to fig. 1, 3 and 8, the caliber of the pneumatic ball valve 10 is consistent with the caliber of the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 in the tent, the caliber of the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 is determined according to the size of a protection area, generally, a single device can use DN 15-DN 40, the fire-fighting water pressure is usually 0.15MPag, the pressure level of the pneumatic ball valve 10 can be 150 pounds, the pneumatic ball valve 10 is installed on the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 in the fire-fighting tent and used for opening fire-fighting water lines in fire, the pneumatic ball valve is a technical and mature product, the material can be selected according to the pipeline level, the recommended stainless steel is used, and in principle, the larger the caliber is, the faster the water injection speed is, and the better the fire-fighting effect is. Referring to fig. 8, the actuating mechanism of the pneumatic ball valve 10 uses a typical single-acting cylinder spring reset type, and is characterized in that an instrument wind line is a closed pressure-holding system, the number and the thrust of the springs at the side of the actuating mechanism are designed to be capable of pushing the actuating mechanism to open a fire water pipeline after losing air, and the thrust is not necessarily large according to the design of 1.5 times of the maximum pressure difference. The other side of the actuating mechanism cylinder is connected with a small-caliber tee joint 2, one side of the tee joint 2 is connected with an actuating mechanism of a pneumatic ball valve 10, the other side of the tee joint 2 is connected with a small air injection isolation ball valve 27, a small pressure gauge 26 and an air injection joint 25 of an inflator or instrument wind, the materials can be 316SS, one side of the tee joint is connected with a closed tube system 1, and a plurality of fusible plugs 24 are arranged on the system. The actuating mechanism of the pneumatic ball valve 10 is designed to be windless and is arranged at the downstream of the manual ball valve 9 on the fire-fighting water main pipe 8, when the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 is initially arranged, the manual ball valve 9 is closed to cut off the fire-fighting water main pipe 8, the air injection isolation ball valve 27 connected to the actuating mechanism of the pneumatic ball valve 10 is opened, the actuating mechanism is decompressed, the valve is fully opened, the air injection joint 25 is connected to start pressurizing air injection into the tube by the inflator or the instrument air pipe, the spring of the actuating mechanism is compressed along with the rising of the pressure, the actuating mechanism pushes the valve to be closed, when the reading of the small pressure gauge 26 is observed, the air injection isolation ball valve 27 on the air line is closed, a pipe cap or a plug is screwed on the air injection joint 25 to form a sealed pressure system, when the pressure exists, the valve is always in a closed state, the hand valve is opened, and after lead sealing, the valve can be put into use. The leakage grade of the pneumatic ball valve 10 is tight, even if the sealing is not tight, water can be accumulated in an interlayer at the upper part of the umbrella-shaped support frame 6 due to long-time tiny leakage, and an overflow hole is designed at a lower position at the bottom of the umbrella-shaped support frame for overflow, because the water quantity is very slow, pressure is not formed in the interlayer 23 of the fireproof tent after overflow, the tent is not flushed out, the tent is still coiled, and the use is not influenced.
The pipeline of Tube system 1 mainly comprises Tube pipe, selects 4 ~ 6mm, and wall thickness 1 mm's 316SS or 304SS stainless steel pipe, does not design into plastics material such as PVC pipe, because perhaps release poisonous gas when burning, tube design is very thin be convenient for install crooked and winding, all Tube adopts the parallel mode to make whole pipe system switch on, and the centre reduces as far as possible and connects the assurance leakproofness, and fusible plug 24 is installed to Tube's end, and fusible plug 24 settlement temperature 250 degrees guarantees normally and is unsuitable to be triggered by mistake.
Manual ball valve 10:
the manual ball valve 10 uses the mature ball valve technology, the pressure grade and fire water pressure match can be 150 pounds, the material is recommended to be stainless steel, the fire water pipeline is manually shut off when being used for maintenance, the manual ball valve is installed on the fire water pipeline and is upstream of the pneumatic ball valve, after normal use, the valve is sealed after opening, and the safety is ensured by preventing false closing.
Mist water spray head 20:
referring to fig. 6, the spray head is installed inside a fireproof tent, and has the function of spraying a large amount of mist water and spray water inside the tent when the tent is triggered to fall down to cover a protection area by fire, and has a fire-fighting effect on flames in the tent.
Fire-fighting water main pipe 8 and fire-fighting water branch pipe 12:
the fire-fighting main pipe is selected according to the pipeline grade requirement of the fire-fighting main pipe, has no special requirement, and is buried in the tent protection area.
And (3) overall assembly and functional use description:
the fire-proof cloth or flexible fire-proof fiber purchased from the market is sewn according to the required appearance, 1mm stainless steel wires or fire-proof sewing threads are used for sewing, after the proper appearance is selected according to the principle, the fire-proof cloth or flexible fire-proof fiber is rolled on an umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6 according to the principle shown in figure 1, the supporting frame is designed to be a slope, the outer edge is just above the falling position of the tent in a protected area, the umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6 is welded with supporting section steel 7, the supporting frame is made of steel pipes, the outer edge slightly warps upwards to hold the rolled tent, a fire-proof main pipe 8 is inserted into a fire-proof tent interlayer 23 from the top of the umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6, then a plurality of fire-proof branch pipes 12 are separated into the lower parts of overflow holes 13 in the fire-proof tent interlayer 23, the mist water spray heads 20 are also arranged at the inner top of the tent, and the fire-proof main pipe 8 rises from the ground to the top of the umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6 along the supporting section steel 7. The support section steel can bear the total weight of the steel after water injection by using the I-shaped steel, and is made of carbon steel. Each side of the tent is connected with each other, the top surface of the inside is closed, when the fire-proof function is triggered by fire, the tent slides down along the umbrella-shaped supporting frame 6 under the action of fire water pressure and gravity, the bottom of the tent covers the protection area when falling to the ground, and a relative closed space is formed inside.
The protected equipment or area is to be installed close to the ground, and referring to fig. 3, taking the protected equipment as an emergency shut-off valve as an example, it is recommended that if conditions allow designing the process pipe in the tent landing position to be locally buried, the buried depth reaches the fire protection requirement, and the fire blocking wall 11 can be eliminated. If the protected equipment is a pneumatic emergency cut-off valve of the movable equipment, the emergency cut-off valve cable 3 and the emergency cut-off valve instrument air pipe 4 which are connected with the emergency cut-off valve executing mechanism 5 need to be buried to ensure functions in fire, and the fire fighting water main pipe 8 also needs to be buried to be introduced into a tent protection area. The buried object is to ensure the normal implementation of the functions of internal moving equipment in case of fire, and the inside forms a relatively closed space, so that the internal anaerobic local environment is easy to form, and the atomized water spray head 20 is beneficial to fire protection.
If the arrangement of the process pipeline is not allowed to be buried, the connection height of the process pipeline cannot be too high to influence the falling of the tent, the design height of a pipeline on the ground is 600-1000 mm, referring to fig. 1 and 3, a local fire blocking wall 11 can be piled up by using brick cement at the lower end positions of the pipelines at two sides of the valve body, a spring supporting seat can also be used for bearing a valve, the position of the fire blocking wall 11 is matched with the falling position of the tent, the situation that the falling tent cannot be closed in a local area at the position due to the installation of the pipeline can be compensated, so that flames possibly burn into the tent from the gap, the fire blocking wall 11 does not need to be sealed in an annular mode, the structure is unfavorable for the divergence after the leakage of combustible gas, the channel design is unfavorable, the pipeline can be designed to be slightly wider than the pipeline at the lower part of the pipeline, the tent is designed to be opened at the position from the pipeline height, the pipeline is clamped at two sides after the falling, the interlayer is clamped, the wall body is closed after the tent is unfolded, and the peripheral sealing is sewn, and water leakage is avoided at the place.
The Tube is laid to the possible touch position of peripheral flame of protected area along the pipeline bottom, sets up fusible plugs 24 a plurality of at Tube end, and fusible plugs position is in the sensitive position that easily takes place the fire disaster, and inside the tent, has 2 at least fusible plugs to install in the sensitive position that the bottom pond fire flame probably touched near the actuating mechanism of the inside protection equipment of fire prevention tent or valve, and all Tube all communicate and guarantee full sealedly, and fusible plug setting value is in principle unfavorable to be triggered by ambient temperature mistake. When fire breaks out, the fusible plug is burned out, so that the air in the fusible plug is released to cause the pressure loss of one side of the actuating mechanism of the pneumatic ball valve 10, the spring pushes the actuating mechanism to open the pneumatic ball valve 10 to open the fire-fighting water main pipe 8, fire-fighting water is flushed into the top, and quick injection into the water tent interlayer 23 along the fire-fighting water branch pipe 12 is started to form the water wall 18.
Referring to fig. 6, the fire-fighting water main pipe 8 is in a protected area from the ground lifting position and the supporting section steel 7, a plurality of fire-fighting water branch pipes 12 are distributed in all directions, so that uniform water injection in all directions is ensured, the tail end water injection position is lower than the overflow hole position, branch pipes are clung to the inner layer, when underwater injection is ensured, the upper water storage bag 15 is injected first, the upper water storage bag overflows to the lower water storage bag after being filled, and finally water is filled in the interlayer.
During normal production, the tent is rolled up to be placed on the umbrella-shaped support frame 6 on the top of the protected equipment, so that the operation, maintenance and repair of the following equipment are not affected. When fire breaks out, the interlayer is filled with water, water is continuously injected, water is sprayed out from a circle of small overflow holes 13 at the top end of the fireproof tent, and the overflow hole shielding plate 14 is arranged outside the overflow holes, so that water or steam in the interlayer is not wasted due to too far spraying, and the water or the steam uniformly flows downwards or is sprayed out from all directions on the outer surface of the outer layer 21 of the fireproof tent. As shown in FIG. 7, the orientation of the flame 19, and particularly the fire jet, is complex and difficult to predict, and the structural design facilitates the mitigation of the damage to the outer layer from fire without dead angles in all directions. When the fire is very big, high temperature will lead to the evaporation of overflow water and water in the intermediate layer in a large quantity, the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2260 kilojoules/kilogram, the loss rate of liquid water can not be very fast, absorb heat rapidly after the evaporation of water, cool down in the tent surface, and form a large amount of steam in evaporation position or intermediate layer, steam is spouted downwards in the overflow hole at top, can form very big a slice steam curtain 17 in the periphery of tent, steam curtain 17 also does benefit to fire extinction or slows down the fire at the same time, the effect of controlling the fire can be played locally, the caliber design of fire water header pipe 8 in tent also needs to consider the water injection rate enough to compensate the rate of evaporation loss water, the water in the intermediate layer is constantly replenished, will keep the water wall 18 full state continuously, until the flame is extinguished, the invention only guarantees the continuous injection of fire prevention time can not limit as long as the intermediate layer still has liquid water, the temperature in the tent certainly can not reach more than 100 ℃, all equipment can normally work.
The fire type is more, the invention is very effective for preventing the harm of the jet fire, but under extreme conditions, the local high temperature is supposed to burn through the outer layer fireproof cloth, when the outer layer fireproof cloth burns through to form small holes, water overflows greatly at the damaged part due to gravity, the water is vaporized and cooled, and the small holes are difficult to continue to be boiled and become large at the positions. In more extreme cases, the collapse of the surrounding rigid structure damages the outer layer 21 of the fireproof tent, the water in the interlayer can not form a full water wall 18, the water level can not reach the top end, the damaged position above the water level can lead the inner fireproof cloth to be directly exposed in flame, the fireproof effect is affected, referring to fig. 5, the invention designs the water storage bag 15 structure in the interlayer, the water storage bag is similar to a pocket in appearance, when the interlayer 23 of the fireproof tent is filled with water, all the water storage bags 15 are filled with water firstly, the fireproof sponge 16 in the pocket absorbs water and expands, the water wall can be continuously formed due to the water storage function of the water storage bag above the water level, because the water injection branch pipe above the water injection pipe can continuously inject water in all directions, and when the water is injected into the inner layer from top to bottom, the water storage bag on the uppermost layer overflows to the water storage bag on the lower layer after being full, the formation of the whole water wall is ensured, at least the inner layer fireproof cloth is not directly exposed in flame, the fireproof function is effective continuously, even if the water storage bag is damaged, the position is not affected by the arrangement of fireproof sponge to form the water wall protection, the inner layer fireproof cloth is mechanically damaged even in more extreme cases, the flame can burn into the inner space, a mist water spray head 20 is arranged in the inner space, a large amount of water in the inner space is atomized into small drops, vaporization and cooling are easier, and simultaneously, the faster vaporization can form micro-positive pressure by volume expansion of the space which is sealed locally, water vapor is sprayed from the damaged position, the water vapor in the interlayer is sprayed out of the damaged position, the flame is not solid, and under the condition of micro-positive pressure, the flame can not be continuously burned into the inner space.
When pool fire occurs, oil flows on the ground, because the fireproof tent forms a relatively closed space after falling to the ground, especially when the lower part is designed to be slotted, jet fire can be effectively prevented, but pool fire flame possibly flows into the tent along with the oil on the ground to burn, because the interior is filled with a large amount of mist water drops, the temperature can be quickly reduced by vaporization, the density of water vapor is less than that of air, the water vapor quickly moves to the top, because the interior, especially the top, is a closed space, the water vapor quickly accumulates to form micro-positive pressure, the air with large density is downwards pushed to quickly expel oxygen in the interior space out of the tent, and the combustion itself consumes a large amount of oxygen, so that a micro-positive pressure anaerobic environment can be quickly formed in the tent, when important element oxygen is lacked in combustion, flame is difficult to continue burning, and the fire-fighting effect of jet water is added to extinguish.
In extreme cases, personnel operate and are covered inside, all materials are environment-friendly materials, the environment-friendly type escape tent is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies during combustion, fire-fighting water does not harm personnel and protects the outer surfaces of the human bodies, the tent is of a flexible structure, and the personnel can quickly pull up a corner at the bottom for escaping.
Under extreme conditions, the Tube is in false triggering action due to leakage of the clamping sleeve, no damage is caused to the environment by equipment, the hand valve can be closed, water in the interlayer is completely sealed by opening the zipper at the small hole at the bottom, the clamping sleeve or the Tube is replaced again, the Tube is pressurized and sealed again, the tent is coiled on the umbrella-shaped support frame, the reading of the small pressure gauge can be checked regularly during routine maintenance, if the pipeline becomes low continuously, the micro leakage is indicated, the hand valve is closed firstly to cut off the fire-fighting water, the Tube is brushed with foam water to check leakage points and pressurized again, the hand ball valve 9 on the fire-fighting water manifold 8 is ensured to be in an open position after the operation, and otherwise, all functions are disabled.
When a fire disaster is triggered, because the special design of the fireproof tent interlayer 23 is adopted, materials are not damaged by high temperature, interlayer water can be extruded after the fireproof tent interlayer is used, the fireproof tent interlayer can be repeatedly used, and after cloth breakage occurs, the fireproof tent interlayer can be automatically patched and sewn for repair.
The invention is not directed to the direction of flame, is applicable to both jet fire and pool fire because the scene of fire occurrence is too complex and is not directed to the type of fire, and can be used for occasions needing water to extinguish fire according to the principle of the invention, and has wide application range.
All parts required by all functions of the invention are arranged in the tent, the tent also plays a role in protecting the functional parts, the whole system is self-protected when a fire disaster occurs, the self-protection tent is not influenced by external environment, the fire disaster can normally work as long as the supply of fire disaster water is ensured, the fire disaster prevention function is relatively independent, the targeting property is strong, and the use of the protected equipment is not influenced if the manufacturing cost is very high after the fire disaster occurs.
The invention has the advantages of function dependence, no special requirement on the used raw materials, common market materials, low cost, no special installation structure, no influence on normal production, environment protection, safety, flexible and simple implementation, easy construction, convenient large-scale implementation and great reduction of engineering investment.
Claims (10)
1. The fireproof protection tent comprises an umbrella-shaped support frame and a fireproof tent, wherein the tent is made of flexible fireproof cloth, and when the fireproof protection tent is not used at ordinary times, the fireproof protection tent is rolled up and placed on the umbrella-shaped support frame at the top of protected equipment; the umbrella-shaped support frame is connected with the support section steel; the method is characterized in that: the fireproof tent is of an inner and outer sandwich structure and comprises a fireproof tent outer layer, a fireproof tent inner layer and a fireproof tent sandwich layer, wherein the fireproof tent inner layer is of a structure with a closed upper part, a circle of holes between the fireproof tent top outer layer and the sandwich layer are overflow holes, an overflow hole shielding plate is arranged outside the overflow holes, and a water storage bag is arranged in the fireproof tent sandwich layer; leading out the fire-fighting water main pipe from the underground, inserting the fire-fighting water main pipe into the fire-fighting tent interlayer from the top of the umbrella-shaped supporting frame, and then dividing into a plurality of fire-fighting water branch pipes to be pricked into the lower part of an overflow hole in the fire-fighting tent interlayer downwards; each side face of the fireproof tent is connected with each other, the top face of the interior is closed, when the fireproof function is triggered by fire, the tent slides down along the umbrella-shaped support frame under the action of fire water pressure and gravity, the bottom of the tent covers the protection area when falling to the ground, and a relative closed space is formed inside the tent; the fire water main pipe is located at the protected area from the ground lifting position and the supporting section steel.
2. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: the long-term use temperature of the flexible fireproof cloth is 500-900 ℃.
3. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: the fireproof tent is characterized in that a plurality of water storage bags are arranged in the fireproof tent interlayer, and the water storage bags are made of fireproof cloth and are tightly fixed in the interlayer from top to bottom.
4. A fire protection tent according to claim 3, wherein: a flexible fireproof sponge is fixed in the water storage bag and is used for fire retarding, water absorption and water storage.
5. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: when the tent falls down to cover the protection area due to fire, a large amount of mist water and spray water are sprayed inside the tent to play a role in fire fighting for flames in the tent.
6. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: the umbrella-shaped support frame is welded with the support section steel, the umbrella-shaped support frame is made of steel pipes, and the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped support frame slightly warps upwards to support the rolled tent.
7. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: and the support section steel adopts I-steel.
8. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: the fire-fighting water branch pipes are distributed in a plurality of directions, so that the water can be uniformly injected in all directions, the water injection position at the tail end is lower than the overflow hole, the branch pipe lines are clung to the inner layer, when the water injection is ensured, the upper water storage bag is injected firstly, the upper water storage bag overflows to the lower water storage bag after being filled, and finally, the interlayer is filled with water.
9. The fire protection tent of claim 1, wherein: a Tube system filled with pressurized air is connected to a fire-fighting water main pipe, and a fusible plug is arranged at the tail end of the Tube.
10. A method of using a fire protection tent according to any one of claims 1 to 9, when not in use at ordinary times, the fire protection tent is rolled up and placed on an umbrella-shaped support frame on top of the protected equipment; when the fire breaks out and is protected in the area, the fusible plug connected to the Tube of the pneumatic ball valve actuating mechanism is firstly burnt out, the valve acts to open the fire-fighting water valve, water begins to be injected into the interlayer of the fire-fighting tent, the tent falls down from the umbrella-shaped supporting frame under the action of water pressure and gravity to cover the equipment, the fire-fighting water quickly fills the interlayer to form a fire-fighting water wall, when the flame burns to the tent, the high temperature enables water vapor outside the tent and inside the interlayer to be vaporized, the water vapor is sprayed downwards from the overflow hole at the top of the tent and is guided downwards by the shielding plate to form a steam curtain around the tent to slow down fire, a large amount of heat is taken away after the water vaporization, the temperature in the interlayer of the tent is maintained, the water is continuously replenished and vaporized, so that the equipment temperature in the tent can not rise by more than 100 ℃, an atomized water nozzle is continuously manufactured in the tent, atomized water and sprayed once the inside the tent is burnt, the atomized water in the tent is easier to vaporize and absorb heat and cool, the gaseous water vapor density is smaller than air, the water vapor is quickly accumulated at the top, oxygen is removed from the lower part, and the inside the tent is continuously formed, an anaerobic area is continuously formed, the temperature is kept in the tent, the local environment is protected, and the fire-fighting environment is protected, and the environment is kept by the local fire-fighting.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1985004211A1 (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1985-09-26 | Lindsay Mcgowan Green | Protective shelter |
| WO2012065042A1 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-18 | Paha Designs | Quick deploy fire shelter |
| CN204017195U (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-12-17 | 池坤祐 | Fireproof layer body, fireproof clothing using fireproof layer body and fireproof house |
| CN208564145U (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-03-01 | 池坤祐 | fireproof tent |
| KR20190134354A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-12-04 | 주식회사 파로시스템 | Evacuation device for fire and earthquake |
-
2022
- 2022-05-13 CN CN202210517334.0A patent/CN114856296B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1985004211A1 (en) * | 1984-03-09 | 1985-09-26 | Lindsay Mcgowan Green | Protective shelter |
| WO2012065042A1 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-18 | Paha Designs | Quick deploy fire shelter |
| CN204017195U (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-12-17 | 池坤祐 | Fireproof layer body, fireproof clothing using fireproof layer body and fireproof house |
| TW201538314A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-16 | Kun-You Chi | Fire-proof layer body and fire-proof suit and fire-proof house applying fire-proof layer body |
| KR20190134354A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-12-04 | 주식회사 파로시스템 | Evacuation device for fire and earthquake |
| CN208564145U (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-03-01 | 池坤祐 | fireproof tent |
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