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CN114836694B - A marine anti-seawater corrosion fatigue ultra-high-strength steel and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

A marine anti-seawater corrosion fatigue ultra-high-strength steel and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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CN114836694B
CN114836694B CN202210584655.2A CN202210584655A CN114836694B CN 114836694 B CN114836694 B CN 114836694B CN 202210584655 A CN202210584655 A CN 202210584655A CN 114836694 B CN114836694 B CN 114836694B
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corrosion fatigue
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fatigue
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李广龙
严玲
韩鹏
张鹏
李博雍
齐祥羽
王晓航
李黎明
肖青松
应传涛
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢及制造方法,钢中化学成分C0.030%~0.080%、Si0.25%~0.60%、Mn0.95%~1.50%、Nb0.030%~0.050%、V0.040%~0.070%、Cu0.30%~0.70%、N0.0120%~0.0160%、Ni0.40%~0.80%、P0.010%~0.030%、S≤0.005%、Sb0.10%~0.50%、Sn0.30%~0.45%、Cr0.50%~1.00%、Mo0.15%~0.40%、La 0.0040%~0.0060%、Als0.015%~0.035%,余量为Fe及杂质。本发明能生产出成分设计合理、强度高、低温韧性好、腐蚀疲劳性能优异的超高强钢板。

Figure 202210584655

A marine anti-seawater corrosion fatigue ultra-high-strength steel and its manufacturing method, the chemical components in the steel are C0.030%-0.080%, Si0.25%-0.60%, Mn0.95%-1.50%, Nb0.030%-0.050%, V0.040%~0.070%, Cu0.30%~0.70%, N0.0120%~0.0160%, Ni0.40%~0.80%, P0.010%~0.030%, S≤0.005%, Sb0.10%~ 0.50%, Sn0.30%-0.45%, Cr0.50%-1.00%, Mo0.15%-0.40%, La 0.0040%-0.0060%, Als0.015%-0.035%, and the balance is Fe and impurities. The invention can produce ultra-high-strength steel plates with reasonable composition design, high strength, good low-temperature toughness and excellent corrosion fatigue performance.

Figure 202210584655

Description

一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢及制造方法A kind of ultra-high strength steel for ship that resists seawater corrosion fatigue and its manufacturing method

技术领域Technical Field

本发明涉及金属材料制备领域,尤其涉及一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢及制造方法。The invention relates to the field of metal material preparation, and in particular to a marine seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel and a manufacturing method thereof.

背景技术Background Art

腐蚀疲劳是引起工程结构失效的关键性因素之一,其中最大加载应力幅值往往小于材料屈服极限,并且破坏前无任何征兆。在腐蚀疲劳过程中,存在两种基本的疲劳损伤模式,一是由交变载荷引起的疲劳损伤;二是由腐蚀介质引起的腐蚀损伤,这两种损伤往往不是简单的叠加,而是两者之间存在明显的耦合效应,即相互促进相互竞争。船舶在海洋环境中尤其是在冰区环境服役时,长期遭受海洋地域低温、氯离子、干湿循环、风浪与海冰载荷等的交替影响,上述损伤失效更为显著。为了应对冰区服役环境,需要在提高船舶建造材料的强度及低温韧性的同时,使钢具有良好的抗海水腐蚀疲劳性能。Corrosion fatigue is one of the key factors causing failure of engineering structures, in which the maximum loading stress amplitude is often less than the material yield limit, and there is no sign before the damage. In the corrosion fatigue process, there are two basic fatigue damage modes, one is fatigue damage caused by alternating loads; the other is corrosion damage caused by corrosive media. These two types of damage are often not simply superimposed, but there is an obvious coupling effect between the two, that is, they promote and compete with each other. When ships serve in the marine environment, especially in the ice environment, they are subjected to the alternating influence of low temperature, chloride ions, dry-wet cycles, wind and waves, and sea ice loads in the ocean for a long time, and the above damage failure is more significant. In order to cope with the service environment in the ice area, it is necessary to improve the strength and low-temperature toughness of ship construction materials while making the steel have good resistance to seawater corrosion fatigue.

长期以来,在工程用钢的设计、制造等方面关注更多的是高强度和高韧性,对腐蚀、疲劳和腐蚀疲劳关注较少。但是随着钢铁材料研究的发展其腐蚀、疲劳等性能受到越来越多的关注。名为“一种屈服345MPa级高疲劳结构钢及其制造方法”,申请号:201910712227.1的专利文件,公开了一种屈服强度345MPa级高疲劳结构钢,其化学成分为:C 0.13%~0.16%,Mn 1.30%~1.60%,Nb 0.020%~0.050%,Alt 0.020%~0.030%,Ti≤0.010%,Si≤0.12%,P≤0.010%,S≤0.005%,余量为铁和不可避免杂质,通过采用大压下+控冷工艺,得到的钢板具有良好的综合力学性能和较好的表面质量。但是钢板没有评价其腐蚀疲劳性能,且钢板仅评价了-20℃的冲击韧性,远不能满足使用要求。名为“耐疲劳特性优良的高强度热轧钢板及其制造方法”,申请号:201180044623.3的专利文件,公开了一种耐疲劳特性优良的高强度热轧钢板,其化学成分为:C 0.05~0.15%,Si 0.2~1.2%,Mn 1.0~2.0%,P 0.03%以下,S 0.0030以下,Al 0.005~0.10%,N 0.006%以下,其余元素还含有Ti 0.03~0.13%,Nb 0.02~0.10%,V 0.02~0.15中的一种或两种以上,通过采用控轧控冷工艺,得到的钢板其强度在780MPa以上,200万次循环下的疲劳强度在580MPa以上,钢板同样没有评价其腐蚀疲劳性能,且没有评价钢板的低温韧性。名为“一种高止裂和疲劳强度厚钢板及其制备方法”,申请号:201810007814.6的专利文件,公开了一种高止裂和疲劳强度厚钢板,其化学成分为:C 0.05~0.07%,Si 0.10~0.20%,Mn 1.40~1.60%,Nb 0.04~0.06%,Ti 0.01~0.02%,Cu 0.30~0.35%,Cr 0.27~0.31%,Ni0.4~0.5%,Al 0.01~0.04%,Mo 0.06~0.11%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.010%,余量为铁和杂质,该发明钢的屈服强度不低于500MPa,-60℃冲击吸收能量大于250J,200万次疲劳强度大于160J,其疲劳强度偏低,影响钢板的服役性能,且没有评价腐蚀疲劳性能。名为“TMCP型高强韧高疲劳性能耐候桥梁钢板及制备方法”,申请号:201810783890.6的专利文件,公开了一种高疲劳性的桥梁钢板,其化学成分为:C 0.05~0.08%,Si 0.12~0.18%,Mn 1.4~1.6%、Nb 0.045~0.058%、Ti 0.01~0.02%、Cu 0.30~0.35%、Cr 0.22~0.30%、Ni0.45~0.55%、Al 0.02~0.04%、Mo 0.05~0.12%、P≤0.009%、S≤0.005%,其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质;该钢的1000万次下疲劳强度不低于170MPa,其疲劳强度偏低,不利于钢板的服役性能。名为“一种工程用抗腐蚀疲劳钢及其制备方法”,申请号:202110068169.0的专利文件,公开了一种工程用抗腐蚀疲劳钢,该钢在E690钢主元素(C 0.04~0.07%,Si0.20~0.26%,Mn 1.45~1.60%,P≤0.01%,S≤0.015%,Cr 0.44~0.50%)的基础上,进行元素调控及特征元素添加,Cu 0.28~0.66%,Ni 0.76~1.55%,Sb 0.03~0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其腐蚀疲劳强度提高可达52%,但是没有评价钢的低温韧性。For a long time, in the design and manufacture of engineering steel, more attention has been paid to high strength and high toughness, and less attention has been paid to corrosion, fatigue and corrosion fatigue. However, with the development of steel material research, its corrosion, fatigue and other properties have received more and more attention. The patent document entitled "A yield 345MPa grade high fatigue structural steel and its manufacturing method", application number: 201910712227.1, discloses a yield strength 345MPa grade high fatigue structural steel, whose chemical composition is: C 0.13%~0.16%, Mn 1.30%~1.60%, Nb 0.020%~0.050%, Alt 0.020%~0.030%, Ti≤0.010%, Si≤0.12%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, the remainder is iron and unavoidable impurities. By adopting a large reduction + controlled cooling process, the obtained steel plate has good comprehensive mechanical properties and good surface quality. However, the corrosion fatigue performance of the steel plate was not evaluated, and the impact toughness of the steel plate was only evaluated at -20°C, which is far from meeting the use requirements. The patent document entitled "High-strength hot-rolled steel plate with excellent fatigue resistance and its manufacturing method", application number: 201180044623.3, discloses a high-strength hot-rolled steel plate with excellent fatigue resistance, whose chemical composition is: C 0.05-0.15%, Si 0.2-1.2%, Mn 1.0-2.0%, P less than 0.03%, S less than 0.0030, Al 0.005-0.10%, N less than 0.006%, and the remaining elements also contain one or more of Ti 0.03-0.13%, Nb 0.02-0.10%, and V 0.02-0.15. By adopting a controlled rolling and controlled cooling process, the strength of the obtained steel plate is above 780MPa, and the fatigue strength under 2 million cycles is above 580MPa. The corrosion fatigue performance of the steel plate is also not evaluated, and the low-temperature toughness of the steel plate is not evaluated. The patent document entitled "A high crack arrest and fatigue strength thick steel plate and its preparation method", application number: 201810007814.6, discloses a high crack arrest and fatigue strength thick steel plate, whose chemical composition is: C 0.05-0.07%, Si 0.10-0.20%, Mn 1.40-1.60%, Nb 0.04-0.06%, Ti 0.01-0.02%, Cu 0.30-0.35%, Cr 0.27-0.31%, Ni0.4-0.5%, Al 0.01-0.04%, Mo 0.06~0.11%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.010%, the remainder is iron and impurities. The yield strength of the invented steel is not less than 500MPa, the impact absorption energy at -60℃ is greater than 250J, and the fatigue strength of 2 million times is greater than 160J. Its fatigue strength is low, which affects the service performance of the steel plate, and the corrosion fatigue performance is not evaluated. The patent document named "TMCP type high-strength and high-toughness weather-resistant bridge steel plate and preparation method", application number: 201810783890.6, discloses a high-fatigue bridge steel plate, whose chemical composition is: C 0.05-0.08%, Si 0.12-0.18%, Mn 1.4-1.6%, Nb 0.045-0.058%, Ti 0.01-0.02%, Cu 0.30-0.35%, Cr 0.22-0.30%, Ni0.45-0.55%, Al 0.02-0.04%, Mo 0.05-0.12%, P≤0.009%, S≤0.005%, and the rest are Fe and other inevitable impurities; the fatigue strength of the steel is not less than 170MPa after 10 million times, and its fatigue strength is low, which is not conducive to the service performance of the steel plate. The patent document entitled "A Corrosion-Resistant Fatigue Steel for Engineering and Its Preparation Method", application number: 202110068169.0, discloses a corrosion-resistant fatigue steel for engineering. Based on the main elements of E690 steel (C 0.04-0.07%, Si 0.20-0.26%, Mn 1.45-1.60%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.015%, Cr 0.44-0.50%), the steel is elementally regulated and characteristic elements are added, including Cu 0.28-0.66%, Ni 0.76-1.55%, Sb 0.03-0.12%, and the rest are Fe and unavoidable impurities. The corrosion fatigue strength of the steel can be increased by up to 52%, but the low-temperature toughness of the steel is not evaluated.

综上所述,目前船用高强钢板的生产主要存在以下问题。In summary, the current production of high-strength marine steel plates mainly has the following problems.

1)钢板的低温韧性不足,不能满足使用要求。1) The low temperature toughness of the steel plate is insufficient and cannot meet the use requirements.

2)钢板的疲劳性能偏低,影响钢板的服役性能。2) The fatigue performance of the steel plate is relatively low, which affects the service performance of the steel plate.

3)钢板抗海水腐蚀疲劳性能不足,不能满足船舶的长期服役要求。3) The steel plate’s resistance to seawater corrosion fatigue is insufficient and cannot meet the long-term service requirements of ships.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明提供了一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢及制造方法,其目的在于生产出成分设计合理、强度高、低温韧性好、腐蚀疲劳性能优异的船用超高强钢板。The present invention provides a marine seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel and a manufacturing method thereof, the purpose of which is to produce a marine ultra-high strength steel plate with reasonable component design, high strength, good low temperature toughness and excellent corrosion fatigue performance.

为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,钢中化学成分按照重量百分比计为:C0.030%~0.080%、Si 0.25%~0.60%、Mn 0.95%~1.50%、Nb 0.030%~0.050%、V0.040%~0.070%、Cu 0.30%~0.70%、N 0.0120%~0.0160%、Ni 0.40%~0.80%、P0.010%~0.030%、S≤0.005%、Sb 0.10%~0.50%、Sn 0.30%~0.45%、Cr 0.50%~1.00%、Mo 0.15%~0.40%、La 0.0040%~0.0060%、Als 0.015%~0.035%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。A seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel for ships, wherein the chemical components of the steel are as follows by weight percentage: C 0.030%-0.080%, Si 0.25%-0.60%, Mn 0.95%-1.50%, Nb 0.030%-0.050%, V 0.040%-0.070%, Cu 0.30%-0.70%, N 0.0120%-0.0160%, Ni 0.40%-0.80%, P 0.010%-0.030%, S≤0.005%, Sb 0.10%-0.50%, Sn 0.30%-0.45%, Cr 0.50%-1.00%, Mo 0.15%-0.40%, La 0.0040% to 0.0060%, Als 0.015% to 0.035%, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.

下面对本发明中各化学成分的作用做详细介绍。The functions of each chemical component in the present invention are described in detail below.

C:钢中基本的强化元素,在本发明技术方案中是保证强度、硬度的主要元素;其含量偏低时会使碳化物等的生成量降低,影响轧制时细化晶粒的效果。当含量偏高时,钢中渗碳体含量增加,对钢板的低温韧性、焊接性能和腐蚀性能不利。因此综合考虑成本、性能等因素,本发明控制C的范围为0.030%-0.080%。C: basic strengthening element in steel, it is the main element to ensure strength and hardness in the technical solution of the present invention; when its content is low, the amount of carbides etc. generated will be reduced, affecting the effect of grain refinement during rolling. When the content is high, the cementite content in the steel increases, which is unfavorable to the low temperature toughness, welding performance and corrosion performance of the steel plate. Therefore, considering the cost, performance and other factors, the present invention controls the range of C to be 0.030%-0.080%.

Si:炼钢脱氧的必要元素,在钢中固溶能力较强,能提高钢的弹性极限、屈服强度以及疲劳强度,但是含量过高时,对钢的低温韧性和表面质量有不利的影响。本发明控制Si的范围为0.25%-0.60%。Si: An essential element for steelmaking deoxidation, with strong solid solubility in steel, can improve the elastic limit, yield strength and fatigue strength of steel, but when the content is too high, it has an adverse effect on the low temperature toughness and surface quality of steel. The present invention controls Si in the range of 0.25%-0.60%.

Mn:在钢中形成置换固溶体,可大量固溶于Fe基体中。能够延缓钢中铁素体和珠光体转变,大幅增加钢的淬透性,降低钢的脆性转变温度,改善冲击韧性,但是Mn含量过高,容易在钢中形成偏析,对钢的塑性、韧性、疲劳和腐蚀性能均有不利影响。综合考虑,本发明控制Mn的范围为0.95%-1.50%。Mn: forms substitutional solid solution in steel and can be dissolved in Fe matrix in large quantities. It can delay the transformation of ferrite and pearlite in steel, greatly increase the hardenability of steel, reduce the brittle transition temperature of steel, and improve impact toughness. However, if the Mn content is too high, it is easy to form segregation in steel, which has an adverse effect on the plasticity, toughness, fatigue and corrosion properties of steel. Taking all factors into consideration, the present invention controls the range of Mn to be 0.95%-1.50%.

Nb:晶粒细化元素,加热时未溶解的Nb的碳、氮化物颗粒分布在奥氏体晶界上,可阻碍钢在加热时奥氏体晶粒长大;能够有效延迟变形奥氏体的再结晶,阻止奥氏体晶粒长大,细化铁素体晶粒,能提高钢的冲击韧性并降低其脆性转变温度。本发明控制Nb的范围为0.030%-0.050%。Nb: Grain refining element. When heated, the carbon and nitride particles of Nb that are not dissolved are distributed on the austenite grain boundaries, which can hinder the growth of austenite grains when the steel is heated; it can effectively delay the recrystallization of deformed austenite, prevent the growth of austenite grains, refine the ferrite grains, improve the impact toughness of steel and reduce its brittle transition temperature. The present invention controls the range of Nb to be 0.030%-0.050%.

V:强碳化物形成元素,对奥氏体再结晶影响较小,低温时V的碳、氮化物大量析出,析出物与铁素体间具有特定的位向关系,具有明显的析出强化和细化组织作用,从而提高钢的疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展的抗力。本发明控制V的范围为0.040%-0.070%。V: A strong carbide-forming element, which has little effect on austenite recrystallization. At low temperatures, V carbon and nitrides precipitate in large quantities, and the precipitates have a specific orientation relationship with ferrite, which has obvious precipitation strengthening and microstructure refinement effects, thereby improving the resistance of steel to fatigue crack initiation and expansion. The present invention controls V in the range of 0.040%-0.070%.

Cu:适量添加时提高钢的强度、低温韧性及耐腐蚀性能,同时对焊接热影响区硬化性和韧性没有不利的影响,但含量过高时,钢的热脆性恶化,易产生热裂纹。本发明控制Cu的范围为0.30%-0.70%。Cu: When added in an appropriate amount, it improves the strength, low temperature toughness and corrosion resistance of steel, and has no adverse effect on the hardenability and toughness of the welding heat affected zone. However, when the content is too high, the hot brittleness of the steel deteriorates and hot cracks are easily generated. The present invention controls the range of Cu to be 0.30%-0.70%.

N:本发明的重要强韧化元素,在钢中N主要以游离态和化合物两种状态存在,前者的存在对钢板的韧性不利,后者的存在则对钢板的综合性能有积极的作用。对于含V的钢中,钢中缺氮的情况下,大部分的V没有充分发挥其析出强化作用。含氮钢不仅消除了炼钢过程中因脱气和精炼去氮引起的成本增加,而且钢中增氮更能充分发挥微合金元素的作用,节约合金化元素的用量,从而大大降低生产成本。同时V(C,N)析出在钢中与铁素体间有特定的位向关系,对提高本发明钢的疲劳性能具有有益的作用,另外,N的加入能够固定位错,抑制位错移动形成胞状结构,延迟疲劳裂纹的产生。本发明控制N的范围为0.0120%-0.0160%。N: An important strengthening element of the present invention. In the steel, N mainly exists in two states: free state and compound. The existence of the former is not good for the toughness of the steel plate, while the existence of the latter has a positive effect on the comprehensive performance of the steel plate. For steel containing V, when there is a lack of nitrogen in the steel, most of the V does not fully exert its precipitation strengthening effect. Nitrogen-containing steel not only eliminates the cost increase caused by degassing and refining and denitrification during the steelmaking process, but also the increase of nitrogen in the steel can give full play to the role of micro-alloying elements, saving the amount of alloying elements, thereby greatly reducing production costs. At the same time, the precipitation of V (C, N) in the steel has a specific orientation relationship with the ferrite, which has a beneficial effect on improving the fatigue performance of the steel of the present invention. In addition, the addition of N can fix dislocations, inhibit the movement of dislocations to form a cellular structure, and delay the occurrence of fatigue cracks. The present invention controls N in the range of 0.0120%-0.0160%.

Ni:对钢的焊接热影响区硬化性和韧性没有不良影响,并且能提高钢的韧性,对提高钢的疲劳强度及耐腐蚀性能也有有益的影响,另外,Ni的加入还可以降低Cu含量高时的热裂纹倾向,综合考虑成本、性能等因素,本发明控制Ni的范围为0.40%-0.80%。Ni: has no adverse effect on the hardenability and toughness of the welding heat affected zone of steel, and can improve the toughness of steel, and also has a beneficial effect on improving the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of steel. In addition, the addition of Ni can also reduce the tendency of thermal cracking when the Cu content is high. Considering the cost, performance and other factors comprehensively, the present invention controls the range of Ni to be 0.40%-0.80%.

P:与Cu元素共同存在可形成各种复合盐,使内锈层的晶粒细小、致密,能抵抗Cl-的破坏,降低钢的腐蚀速率,但是含量过高时容易形成严重的偏析,对钢的低温韧性和焊接性能不利。本发明控制P的范围为0.010%-0.030%。P: It can form various composite salts with Cu element, making the grains of the inner rust layer fine and dense, resisting the damage of Cl-, and reducing the corrosion rate of steel. However, when the content is too high, it is easy to form serious segregation, which is unfavorable to the low-temperature toughness and welding performance of steel. The present invention controls P in the range of 0.010%-0.030%.

Sb:一般情况下对钢的力学性能有不利影响,使钢的强度降低,脆性增加,但如在钢中加入一定量的锑,会不同程度的提高钢的抗腐蚀能力及耐磨性,与Sn复合添加时,在钢的锈层中出现Sn的富集和Sb的均匀分布,钢的表面形成SnO2-Sb2O5耐蚀性氧化膜,可以提高阻挡Cl-渗透的能力,从而进一步提高钢的耐蚀性。本发明控制Sb的范围为0.10%-0.50%。Sb: Generally, it has an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of steel, reducing the strength of steel and increasing its brittleness. However, if a certain amount of antimony is added to steel, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of steel will be improved to varying degrees. When added in combination with Sn, Sn enrichment and uniform distribution of Sb appear in the rust layer of steel, and a SnO2 - Sb2O5 corrosion-resistant oxide film is formed on the surface of steel, which can improve the ability to block Cl- penetration, thereby further improving the corrosion resistance of steel. The present invention controls the range of Sb to be 0.10 % -0.50%.

Sn:与Sb的作用类似,适量加入会提高钢的抗腐蚀能力,与Sb复合添加时,可以进一步提高钢的耐蚀性。本发明控制Sn的范围为0.30%-0.45%。Sn: Similar to Sb, adding a proper amount of Sn can improve the corrosion resistance of steel. When added in combination with Sb, the corrosion resistance of steel can be further improved. The present invention controls the range of Sn to be 0.30%-0.45%.

Cr:增加钢的淬透性,提升钢的强韧性能。少量Cr的添加,能有效延缓钢板的初期腐蚀,但Cr含量过高时,随酸性环境腐蚀时间的延长会降低钢的耐腐蚀性能。本发明控制Cr的范围为0.50%~1.00%。Cr: Increases the hardenability of steel and improves its toughness. A small amount of Cr can effectively delay the initial corrosion of the steel plate, but when the Cr content is too high, the corrosion resistance of the steel will be reduced as the corrosion time in the acidic environment increases. The present invention controls the Cr content to be in the range of 0.50% to 1.00%.

Mo:提高钢的淬透性,在钢中形成细小的碳化物,能够有效提高钢的强度及疲劳强度,与Ni、Cu等元素配合能够提高钢板的耐腐蚀性能。本发明控制Mo的范围为0.15%-0.40%。Mo: improves the hardenability of steel, forms fine carbides in steel, can effectively improve the strength and fatigue strength of steel, and can improve the corrosion resistance of steel plates when combined with elements such as Ni and Cu. The present invention controls the range of Mo to be 0.15%-0.40%.

La:稀土元素,少量加入能改善钢的流动性,有良好的的脱硫作用,减少钢中非金属夹杂,使钢组织致密、纯净,对提高钢的疲劳强度及低温韧性均有积极作用。同时能够提高钢在海水中的腐蚀电位,从而提高钢的耐腐蚀性能。本发明控制La的范围为0.0040%~0.0060%。La: Rare earth element. A small amount of La can improve the fluidity of steel, has a good desulfurization effect, reduces non-metallic inclusions in steel, makes the steel structure dense and pure, and has a positive effect on improving the fatigue strength and low-temperature toughness of steel. At the same time, it can increase the corrosion potential of steel in seawater, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of steel. The present invention controls La in the range of 0.0040% to 0.0060%.

Al:强脱氧剂,在钢中生产高度细碎的、超显微的氧化物,起到细化晶粒的作用,能够提高钢的强度及疲劳强度。本发明控制Als的范围为0.015%-0.035%。Al: a strong deoxidizer, which produces highly fine and ultra-micro oxides in steel, plays a role in refining grains and can improve the strength and fatigue strength of steel. The present invention controls the range of Als to be 0.015%-0.035%.

钢板屈服强度550~620MPa,抗拉强度>630MPa,断后延伸率>20.0%,-60℃低温冲击吸收能量>150J。The steel plate has a yield strength of 550-620 MPa, a tensile strength of >630 MPa, an elongation after fracture of >20.0%, and an impact absorption energy of -60°C of >150 J.

参照ISO 11782-Ⅰ-2017《金属与合金的腐蚀-腐蚀疲劳试验第1部分循环失效试验》进行钢板腐蚀疲劳性能检验,在应力比为-1,加载频率1HZ的试验条件下,模拟海水环境中腐蚀疲劳强度≥306MPa。The corrosion fatigue performance of the steel plate was tested with reference to ISO 11782-Ⅰ-2017 “Corrosion of metals and alloys - Corrosion fatigue tests Part 1: Cyclic failure tests”. Under the test conditions of stress ratio of -1 and loading frequency of 1HZ, the corrosion fatigue strength in the simulated seawater environment was ≥306MPa.

一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢的制造方法,包括冶炼、连铸、加热炉加热和轧制,包括如下步骤:A method for manufacturing seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel for ships, comprising smelting, continuous casting, heating in a heating furnace and rolling, including the following steps:

1)按照上述成分对钢进行冶炼:1) Smelt the steel according to the above composition:

a)在转炉冶炼时调整C、Si、Mn、P、S等元素的含量,使其含量至本发明范围内,并根据要求添加其它合金成分进行熔炼。a) During converter smelting, the contents of elements such as C, Si, Mn, P, and S are adjusted to be within the scope of the present invention, and other alloy components are added as required for smelting.

b)将钢水进行精炼,调整其它合金元素含量至本发明范围内。b) refining the molten steel and adjusting the contents of other alloy elements within the scope of the present invention.

c)将精炼后的钢水进行RH处理,RH处理时间≥30min,RH处理时全程吹氮,保证钢的最终N含量为0.0120%~0.0160%,控制钢中[H]≤2.0ppm,[O]≤18ppm;c) subjecting the refined molten steel to RH treatment for a period of ≥30 min, with nitrogen blowing throughout the RH treatment to ensure that the final nitrogen content of the steel is 0.0120% to 0.0160%, and that [H] in the steel is controlled to be ≤2.0ppm and [O] ≤18ppm;

2)将步骤1)所得钢水经连铸制得所需铸坯,为了改善铸坯的中心偏析,控制中间包过热度≤30℃;全程保护浇注,并投入电磁搅拌和轻压下,电磁搅拌:I≥450A。2) The molten steel obtained in step 1) is continuously cast to obtain the required ingot. In order to improve the center segregation of the ingot, the superheat of the tundish is controlled to be ≤30°C; the pouring is protected throughout, and electromagnetic stirring and light pressure are applied, and the electromagnetic stirring: I≥450A.

3)为了调控连铸坯内应力,促进C/N化物的析出,防止连铸坯晶粒异常长大,将步骤2)所得铸坯堆垛缓冷,堆垛时间≥36h。3) In order to regulate the internal stress of the continuous casting billet, promote the precipitation of C/N compounds, and prevent abnormal grain growth of the continuous casting billet, the billet obtained in step 2) is stacked and slowly cooled, and the stacking time is ≥36h.

4)将铸坯加热至1150℃~1250℃,本发明钢合金含量高,导热性能不好,为了控制连铸坯加热质量,加热采用分段加热工艺,700℃以下,采用慢速加热,以缓解由于导热性能不好而造成的热应力过大,升温速度8~12℃/min,大于700℃,采用快速加热工艺,防止奥氏体晶粒的异常长大,升温速度15~20℃/min,保温时间0.5~3.5h;4) The ingot is heated to 1150°C to 1250°C. The steel of the present invention has a high alloy content and poor thermal conductivity. In order to control the heating quality of the continuous casting ingot, a segmented heating process is used for heating. Below 700°C, slow heating is used to alleviate excessive thermal stress caused by poor thermal conductivity. The heating rate is 8 to 12°C/min. Above 700°C, a rapid heating process is used to prevent abnormal growth of austenite grains. The heating rate is 15 to 20°C/min and the holding time is 0.5 to 3.5h.

5)将铸坯经三阶段轧制成热轧钢板,为了充分破碎铸坯的奥氏体晶粒,第一阶段采用低速大压下的轧制工艺,开轧温度1050~1150℃,辊速8.0-12.0r/min,首道次压下量≥50mm,将铸坯轧至厚度为3.0~4.0倍成品厚度后待温,第二阶段采用再结晶区轧制+大压下的轧制工艺,开轧温度950~1000℃,辊速14.0-16.0r/min,道次压下率15%~35%,铸坯轧至1.5~2.0倍成品厚度后待温,第三阶段采用高速+低温大压下工艺,进一步细化钢板的晶粒尺寸,开轧温度800~850℃,辊速18.0-25.0r/min,终轧温度780~830℃;5) The ingot is rolled into a hot-rolled steel plate through three stages. In order to fully crush the austenite grains of the ingot, the first stage adopts a low-speed and high-reduction rolling process, the starting rolling temperature is 1050-1150°C, the roller speed is 8.0-12.0r/min, the first pass reduction is ≥50mm, the ingot is rolled to a thickness of 3.0-4.0 times the thickness of the finished product and then waits for warming, the second stage adopts a recrystallization zone rolling + high-reduction rolling process, the starting rolling temperature is 950-1000°C, the roller speed is 14.0-16.0r/min, the pass reduction rate is 15%-35%, the ingot is rolled to 1.5-2.0 times the thickness of the finished product and then waits for warming, the third stage adopts a high-speed + low-temperature and high-reduction process to further refine the grain size of the steel plate, the starting rolling temperature is 800-850°C, the roller speed is 18.0-25.0r/min, and the final rolling temperature is 780-830°C;

6)轧后钢板进行加速冷却,以防止晶粒尺寸长大,进一步保持细化的晶粒,开冷温度700~730℃,冷却速度6~15℃/s,返红温度500~550℃;6) After rolling, the steel plate is cooled at an accelerated rate to prevent the grain size from growing and further maintain the refined grains. The cooling temperature is 700-730°C, the cooling rate is 6-15°C/s, and the red-return temperature is 500-550°C;

7)为了释放轧制、冷却过程形成的内应力,并进一步形成细小的析出相,将钢板进行堆垛缓冷,堆垛温度400~480℃,堆垛时间≥20h。7) In order to release the internal stress formed during the rolling and cooling process and further form fine precipitates, the steel plates are stacked and slowly cooled at a stacking temperature of 400-480°C and a stacking time of ≥20h.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1)本发明采用低碳及添加Cu、P、Ni、Cr、Mo、Sb、Sn等合金元素提高钢的耐腐蚀性能,通过添加Si、Nb、V-N等元素提高钢的疲劳性能,取消Ti元素等易于形成多面体型析出相的加入,添加稀土元素提高钢的纯净度,通过各元素之间的相互作用,抑制钢腐蚀疲劳裂纹的萌生及扩展。轧制采用首阶段低速大压下、二阶段再结晶区轧制+大压下、三阶段高速+低温大压下的三阶段轧制工艺,配合后续的快速冷却工艺+堆垛缓冷,最终得到的钢板组织为超细铁素体+贝氏体组织,铁素体含量20.0-40.0%,其晶粒尺寸≤10.0μm,在铁素体基体上弥散分布球形的Nb、V析出相,其尺寸为10-25nm,贝氏体含量60.0-80.0%。钢板具有良好的抗海水腐蚀疲劳性能,其腐蚀疲劳强度达306MPa以上,是常规钢板的1.6倍,腐蚀疲劳比>0.48。1) The present invention adopts low carbon and adds alloy elements such as Cu, P, Ni, Cr, Mo, Sb, Sn to improve the corrosion resistance of steel, improves the fatigue performance of steel by adding elements such as Si, Nb, V-N, etc., cancels the addition of Ti elements and other elements that are easy to form polyhedral precipitation phases, adds rare earth elements to improve the purity of steel, and inhibits the initiation and expansion of steel corrosion fatigue cracks through the interaction between the elements. The rolling adopts a three-stage rolling process of low speed and large reduction in the first stage, recrystallization zone rolling + large reduction in the second stage, and high speed + low temperature and large reduction in the third stage, and cooperates with the subsequent rapid cooling process + stacking slow cooling. The final steel plate structure is ultrafine ferrite + bainite structure, the ferrite content is 20.0-40.0%, the grain size is ≤10.0μm, and spherical Nb and V precipitation phases are dispersed on the ferrite matrix, the size is 10-25nm, and the bainite content is 60.0-80.0%. The steel plate has good resistance to seawater corrosion fatigue. Its corrosion fatigue strength is over 306MPa, which is 1.6 times that of conventional steel plates, and its corrosion fatigue ratio is >0.48.

2)钢板具有优良的综合力学性能,屈服强度550-620MPa,抗拉强度>630MPa,断后延伸率>20.0%,-60℃低温冲击吸收能量>150J。2) The steel plate has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, with a yield strength of 550-620MPa, a tensile strength of >630MPa, an elongation after fracture of >20.0%, and an impact absorption energy of -60°C at a low temperature of >150J.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1是实施例4典型金相组织照片。FIG. 1 is a typical metallographic structure photograph of Example 4.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

下面通过实施例对本发明进行更详细的描述,这些实施例仅仅是对本发明最佳实施方式的描述,并不对本发明的范围有任何的限制。The present invention is described in more detail below by way of examples. These examples are merely descriptions of the best mode for carrying out the present invention and do not impose any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

根据本发明所设计的化学成分范围进行冶炼,化学成分如表1所示,将所得钢水经连铸-加热-轧制-冷却得到本发明的钢板,冶炼工艺及加热工艺如表2所示,轧制工艺如表3所示,冷却工艺如表4所示。According to the chemical composition range designed by the present invention, smelting is carried out, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 1. The obtained molten steel is subjected to continuous casting-heating-rolling-cooling to obtain the steel plate of the present invention. The smelting process and heating process are shown in Table 2, the rolling process is shown in Table 3, and the cooling process is shown in Table 4.

表1本发明实施例钢的冶炼工艺及化学成分(wt%)Table 1 Smelting process and chemical composition of steel in the embodiment of the present invention (wt%)

编号serial number CC SiSi MnMn NbNb VV CuCu NN NiNi PP SS SbSb SnSn CrCr MoMo LaLa AlsAls 11 0.0330.033 0.480.48 1.471.47 0.0480.048 0.0430.043 0.330.33 0.01320.0132 0.420.42 0.0230.023 0.0030.003 0.130.13 0.320.32 0.520.52 0.370.37 0.00420.0042 0.0180.018 22 0.0370.037 0.520.52 1.341.34 0.0420.042 0.0470.047 0.380.38 0.01380.0138 0.490.49 0.0290.029 0.0020.002 0.180.18 0.380.38 0.960.96 0.170.17 0.00590.0059 0.0330.033 33 0.0580.058 0.330.33 1.081.08 0.0390.039 0.0560.056 0.490.49 0.01510.0151 0.610.61 0.0120.012 0.0040.004 0.290.29 0.360.36 0.930.93 0.210.21 0.00480.0048 0.0290.029 44 0.0460.046 0.390.39 1.421.42 0.0310.031 0.0680.068 0.440.44 0.01580.0158 0.530.53 0.0180.018 0.0010.001 0.310.31 0.370.37 0.880.88 0.290.29 0.00540.0054 0.0210.021 55 0.0690.069 0.270.27 1.191.19 0.0330.033 0.0640.064 0.680.68 0.01440.0144 0.790.79 0.0270.027 0.0020.002 0.470.47 0.390.39 0.820.82 0.320.32 0.00560.0056 0.0220.022 66 0.0620.062 0.360.36 1.111.11 0.0360.036 0.0610.061 0.620.62 0.01460.0146 0.730.73 0.0260.026 0.0030.003 0.380.38 0.440.44 0.640.64 0.360.36 0.00530.0053 0.0260.026 77 0.0440.044 0.430.43 1.361.36 0.0490.049 0.0540.054 0.540.54 0.01290.0129 0.630.63 0.0160.016 0.0020.002 0.430.43 0.340.34 0.690.69 0.330.33 0.00470.0047 0.0160.016 88 0.0520.052 0.590.59 1.241.24 0.0470.047 0.0580.058 0.590.59 0.01530.0153 0.690.69 0.0140.014 0.0010.001 0.490.49 0.410.41 0.580.58 0.340.34 0.00460.0046 0.0190.019 99 0.0710.071 0.410.41 0.960.96 0.0460.046 0.0530.053 0.520.52 0.01550.0155 0.640.64 0.0280.028 0.0040.004 0.180.18 0.430.43 0.740.74 0.390.39 0.00520.0052 0.0320.032 1010 0.0790.079 0.340.34 1.021.02 0.0440.044 0.0490.049 0.490.49 0.01470.0147 0.580.58 0.0130.013 0.0030.003 0.220.22 0.420.42 0.770.77 0.360.36 0.00510.0051 0.0280.028

表2本发明实施例钢冶炼及加热工艺Table 2 Steel smelting and heating process of the present invention embodiment

Figure BDA0003665434740000061
Figure BDA0003665434740000061

Figure BDA0003665434740000071
Figure BDA0003665434740000071

表3本发明实施例钢的轧制工艺Table 3 Rolling process of steel according to the present invention

Figure BDA0003665434740000072
Figure BDA0003665434740000072

表4本发明实施例钢的冷却工艺Table 4 Cooling process of steel in the embodiment of the present invention

编号serial number 开冷温度/℃Cooling temperature/℃ 冷却速度/℃/sCooling speed/℃/s 返红温度/℃Red return temperature/℃ 堆垛温度/℃Stacking temperature/℃ 堆垛时间/hStacking time/h 11 719719 1212 536536 419419 2727 22 714714 1010 521521 442442 3232 33 712712 99 546546 436436 2929 44 726726 1313 512512 464464 3636 55 703703 1111 509509 476476 2828 66 712712 1010 526526 473473 3535 77 724724 88 518518 432432 24twenty four 88 728728 77 531531 469469 22twenty two 99 716716 1414 522522 456456 3333 1010 711711 1212 533533 452452 3434

对本发明实施例钢进行常规力学性能检验,结果如表5所示。Conventional mechanical property tests were performed on the steel of the present invention, and the results are shown in Table 5.

表5本发明实施例钢的力学性能Table 5 Mechanical properties of steel according to the present invention

Figure BDA0003665434740000073
Figure BDA0003665434740000073

Figure BDA0003665434740000081
Figure BDA0003665434740000081

对本发明实施例钢和对比例钢进行腐蚀疲劳性能检验,参照ISO 11782-Ⅰ-2017《金属与合金的腐蚀-腐蚀疲劳试验第1部分循环失效试验》,采用轴向应力控制方法进行腐蚀疲劳寿命曲线测定。应力比-1,加载频率1HZ。腐蚀疲劳的腐蚀溶液按照ASTM D1141-98标准配置模拟海水,PH值采用稀NaOH溶液进行调节至8.2。检验结果如表6所示。The corrosion fatigue performance of the steel of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative steel was tested. The corrosion fatigue life curve was determined by the axial stress control method with reference to ISO 11782-Ⅰ-2017 "Corrosion of Metals and Alloys - Corrosion Fatigue Test Part 1 Cyclic Failure Test". Stress ratio -1, loading frequency 1HZ. The corrosion solution for corrosion fatigue simulated seawater according to ASTM D1141-98 standard configuration, and the pH value was adjusted to 8.2 using a dilute NaOH solution. The test results are shown in Table 6.

表6本发明实施例钢的腐蚀疲劳性能Table 6 Corrosion fatigue properties of steel according to the present invention

Figure BDA0003665434740000082
Figure BDA0003665434740000082

Figure BDA0003665434740000091
Figure BDA0003665434740000091

Claims (5)

1.一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,其特征在于,钢中化学成分按照重量百分比计为:C 0.030%~0.080%、Si 0.25%~0.60%、Mn 0.95%~1.50%、Nb 0.030%~0.050%、V0.040%~0.070%、Cu 0.30%~0.70%、N 0.0120%~0.0160%、Ni 0.40%~0.80%、P 0.010%~0.030%、S≤0.005%、Sb 0.31%~0.50%、Sn 0.32%~0.45%、Cr 0.64%~1.00%、Mo 0.32%~0.40%、La 0.0040%~0.0048%、Als 0.015%~0.035%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质;1. A marine seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel, characterized in that the chemical composition of the steel is calculated by weight percentage: C 0.030%-0.080%, Si 0.25%-0.60%, Mn 0.95%-1.50%, Nb 0.030%-0.050%, V0.040%-0.070%, Cu 0.30%-0.70%, N 0.0120%-0.0160%, Ni 0.40%-0.80%, P 0.010%-0.030%, S≤0.005%, Sb 0.31%-0.50%, Sn 0.32%-0.45%, Cr 0.64%-1.00%, Mo 0.32%-0.40%, La 0.0040%-0.0048%, Als 0.015%~0.035%, the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities; 船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢的制造方法,包括如下步骤:The method for manufacturing seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel for ships comprises the following steps: 1)将精炼后的钢水进行RH处理,RH处理时间≥30min,RH处理时全程吹氮,保证钢的最终N含量为0.0120%~0.0160%,控制钢中[H]≤2.0ppm,[O]≤18ppm;1) The refined molten steel is subjected to RH treatment for a period of ≥30 min. Nitrogen is blown throughout the RH treatment to ensure that the final N content of the steel is 0.0120% to 0.0160%, and that [H] in the steel is ≤2.0ppm and [O] ≤18ppm; 2)将步骤1)所得钢水经连铸制得所需铸坯,控制中间包过热度≤30℃;2) The molten steel obtained in step 1) is continuously cast to obtain the required ingot, and the superheat of the tundish is controlled to be ≤30°C; 3)将铸坯加热至1150℃~1250℃,加热采用分段加热工艺,700℃以下,升温速度8~12℃/min,大于700℃,升温速度15~20℃/min,保温时间0.5~3.5h;3) Heat the ingot to 1150℃~1250℃, using a segmented heating process. Below 700℃, the heating rate is 8~12℃/min, above 700℃, the heating rate is 15~20℃/min, and the holding time is 0.5~3.5h; 4)将铸坯经三阶段轧制成热轧钢板,一阶段开轧温度1050~1150℃,辊速8.0-12.0r/min,首道次压下量≥50mm,铸坯轧至厚度为3.0~4.0倍成品厚度后待温,二阶段开轧温度950~1000℃,辊速14.0-16.0r/min,道次压下率15%~35%,铸坯轧至1.5~2.0倍成品厚度后待温,三阶段开轧温度800~850℃,辊速18.0-25.0r/min,终轧温度780~830℃;4) The ingot is rolled into a hot-rolled steel plate in three stages. The first stage rolling temperature is 1050-1150°C, the roller speed is 8.0-12.0r/min, the first pass reduction is ≥50mm, the ingot is rolled to a thickness of 3.0-4.0 times the thickness of the finished product and then kept warm. The second stage rolling temperature is 950-1000°C, the roller speed is 14.0-16.0r/min, the pass reduction rate is 15%-35%, the ingot is rolled to a thickness of 1.5-2.0 times the thickness of the finished product and then kept warm. The third stage rolling temperature is 800-850°C, the roller speed is 18.0-25.0r/min, and the final rolling temperature is 780-830°C. 5)轧后钢板进行加速冷却,开冷温度700~730℃,冷却速度6~15℃/s,返红温度500~550℃;5) After rolling, the steel plate is cooled at an accelerated rate of 700-730°C, a cooling rate of 6-15°C/s, and a red-return temperature of 500-550°C; 6)将钢板进行堆垛缓冷,堆垛温度400~480℃,堆垛时间≥20h。6) Stack the steel plates for slow cooling, with the stacking temperature at 400-480°C and the stacking time ≥20h. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,其特征在于,钢板屈服强度550~620MPa,抗拉强度>630MPa,断后延伸率>20.0%,-60℃低温冲击吸收能量>150J。2. The ultra-high strength steel for marine use that resists seawater corrosion fatigue according to claim 1 is characterized in that the steel plate has a yield strength of 550-620 MPa, a tensile strength of >630 MPa, an elongation after fracture of >20.0%, and an impact absorption energy of -60°C at low temperature of >150 J. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,其特征在于,参照ISO11782-Ⅰ-2017《金属与合金的腐蚀-腐蚀疲劳试验第1部分循环失效试验》进行钢板腐蚀疲劳性能检验,在应力比为-1,加载频率1HZ的试验条件下,模拟海水环境中腐蚀疲劳强度≥306MPa。3. The marine seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the corrosion fatigue performance of the steel plate is tested with reference to ISO11782-Ⅰ-2017 "Corrosion of metals and alloys - Corrosion fatigue test Part 1 Cyclic failure test", and under the test conditions of a stress ratio of -1 and a loading frequency of 1 Hz, the corrosion fatigue strength in a simulated seawater environment is ≥306 MPa. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,其特征在于,上述步骤2)全程保护浇注,并投入电磁搅拌和轻压下,电磁搅拌:I≥450A。4. The marine seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the step 2) is poured with full protection, and electromagnetic stirring and light pressure are applied, and the electromagnetic stirring: I≥450A. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种船用抗海水腐蚀疲劳超高强钢,其特征在于,将步骤2)所得铸坯堆垛缓冷,堆垛时间≥36h。5. The seawater corrosion fatigue resistant ultra-high strength steel for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that the ingots obtained in step 2) are stacked and slowly cooled, and the stacking time is ≥36 hours.
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