CN114824817B - Wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface - Google Patents
Wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114824817B CN114824817B CN202210519381.9A CN202210519381A CN114824817B CN 114824817 B CN114824817 B CN 114824817B CN 202210519381 A CN202210519381 A CN 202210519381A CN 114824817 B CN114824817 B CN 114824817B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface, which is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically controllable super-surface units, wherein each super-surface unit comprises a top patch, a first dielectric layer, a feeder line, a second dielectric layer, a metal floor, a third dielectric layer and a bottom load circuit which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, each feeder line comprises a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are orthogonally arranged, each first microstrip line and each second microstrip line are connected with the metal floor through a metal via hole, each bottom load circuit comprises a PIN tube and a third microstrip line which are connected in series, and each third microstrip line is connected with the metal floor through a metal via hole; the permissible incident angle range of the super surface can be wider, and different beam directions can be realized by changing the coding sequence, so that the beam scanning function is realized; the design of the feed network is simplified when the degree of freedom of design is increased, and the design cost is reduced; the basic configuration of the ultra-surface unit is completed by utilizing the antenna in the receiving mode and the load short circuit, and the reflection characteristic of the unit is changed by switching the load state of the antenna through the PIN tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface.
Background
The programmable subsurface builds a digital space on the physical space of the metamaterial, and has the strong capability of controlling electromagnetic waves in real time and dynamically by encoding the digital state of the subsurface unit; therefore, since this concept was proposed, the research students have paid attention to, and the conventional phased array antenna can generally implement beamforming of the array by changing the excitation amplitude and phase of the array element, but this depends on a complex feed network, and the feed network with a complex configuration is not only high in cost, but also causes problems of low energy transmission efficiency and the like.
Compared with the traditional phased array, the novel antenna system based on the programmable super-surface can miniaturize a complex phase shifting module, reduce manufacturing cost and has the advantage of flexible control, compared with the super-surface with high Bit number, the 1-Bit super-surface is easier to design, but the 1-Bit super-surface can hardly generate two symmetrical beams during normal incidence, if single-beam radiation needs to be realized, large-angle oblique incidence needs to be introduced, however, the traditional programmable super-surface unit is difficult to keep stable coding characteristics under the wide-angle incidence condition, and the application of the 1-Bit programmable super-surface in single-beam scanning is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a programmable super surface of wide angle dual polarization 1-Bit, it forms to extend periodically by the super surface unit of a plurality of automatically controlled, super surface unit includes top layer paster, first dielectric layer, the feeder, the second dielectric layer, the metal floor, third dielectric layer and bottom load circuit that top-down set up in order, the feeder includes the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line that the quadrature was placed, first microstrip line and second microstrip line pass through the metal via hole and are connected with the metal floor, bottom load circuit includes PIN pipe and third microstrip line that the series connection was passed through to the metal via hole, the third microstrip line is connected with the metal floor.
Further, the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are made of F4BM300 materials, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are respectively set to be 0.5mm, 4mm and 0.5mm.
Further, the first microstrip line includes first straightway, second straightway, third straightway and first section of drawing forth, the second microstrip line includes fourth straightway and second section of drawing forth, the both ends of second straightway are connected with the one end of first straightway and the one end of third straightway respectively through the hem, so that the second straightway is higher than first straightway and third straightway, the other end of third straightway is connected with the one end of first section of drawing forth, the fourth straightway wears to locate the below of second straightway and is connected with the one end of second section of drawing forth, the other end of first section of drawing forth and the other end of second section of drawing forth are connected with the metal floor through the metal via hole.
Further, the length of the second straight line segment is set to 3.6mm, the length between the head end of the first straight line segment and the tail end of the third straight line segment is set to 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line segment is set to 11mm, the widths of the first straight line segment, the second straight line segment, the third straight line segment and the fourth straight line segment are set to 1mm, and the widths of the first lead-out segment and the second lead-out segment are set to 0.8mm.
Further, the third microstrip line comprises a fifth straight line segment, a sixth straight line segment and a seventh straight line segment parallel to the fifth straight line segment, one end of the fifth straight line segment is connected with the PIN tube, and two ends of the sixth straight line segment are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line segment and one end of the seventh straight line segment and are perpendicular to the fifth straight line segment and the seventh straight line segment.
Further, the lengths of the fifth, sixth and seventh straight line segments are set to 14mm, 6mm and 7.8mm, respectively.
Further, the top patch comprises a square metal sheet and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves etched on the square metal sheet, wherein the bottom edges of the equilateral triangle through grooves are opposite to one side of the square metal sheet, and the vertex angles of the equilateral triangle through grooves point to the center of the square metal sheet.
Further, the side length of the square metal sheet is set to 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove is set to 5.5mm.
Further, the incident angles of the TE wave and the TM wave are set to ±70°.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. Compared with the traditional super-surface, the 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super-surface provided by the invention has the advantages that the allowed incident angle range is wider under the condition of keeping stable coding characteristics, and the 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super-surface is suitable for plane waves with arbitrary polarization;
2. The super surface provided by the invention breaks through the limitation that the traditional 1-Bit super surface is difficult to realize single beam forming, single beam radiation can be realized when the super surface is incident at a large angle, different beam directions can be realized by changing the coding sequence, and then the beam scanning function is realized;
3. compared with the traditional array antenna, the super-surface provided by the invention simplifies the design of the feed network and reduces the design cost on the premise of increasing the design freedom;
4. Different from the traditional super-surface design scheme, the design method of the microstrip antenna is ingeniously used for reference, the basic configuration of the super-surface unit is completed by utilizing the antenna in the receiving mode and load short circuit based on the reciprocity principle, and the reflection characteristic of the unit is changed by switching the load state of the antenna through the PIN tube.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a subsurface unit;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the top patch and feed line;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an underlying load circuit;
FIG. 4 shows the phase characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under TE polarized plane wave illumination at incidence angles of 0 °,20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 5 shows the amplitude characteristics of the cell reflection coefficient under TE polarized plane wave illumination at incidence angles of 0 °,20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 6 shows the phase characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under irradiation of TM polarized plane waves at incidence angles of 0 °,20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amplitude characteristics of the cell reflectance under irradiation of TM polarized plane waves at incidence angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
fig. 8 is a diagram of the structure of a 10 x 10 supersurface array according to example 1;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing beam steering characteristics of the super-surface when plane waves are incident from 70℃and the angle between the polarization direction of the electric field and the incident plane is 45℃and the code sequence is 0011001100 in example 1;
fig. 10 shows beam steering characteristics of the super-surface of example 2 when the TE polarized plane wave is incident at 70 ° and the code sequence is 0101010101.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, plural means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless clearly defined otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediary; the connecting device can be fixedly connected, detachably connected and integrally formed; may be a mechanical connection; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the words in the invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically controllable super-surface units, each super-surface unit comprises a top patch 10, a first dielectric layer 20, a feeder line 30, a second dielectric layer 40, a metal floor 50, a third dielectric layer 60 and a bottom load circuit 70 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feeder line 30 comprises a first microstrip line 31 and a second microstrip line 32 which are orthogonally arranged, the first microstrip line 31 and the second microstrip line 32 are connected with the metal floor 50 through metal vias, the bottom load circuit 70 comprises a PIN tube 71 and a third microstrip line 72 which are connected in series, and the third microstrip line 72 is connected with the metal floor 50 through the metal vias.
The first microstrip line 31 includes a first straight line segment 311, a second straight line segment 312, a third straight line segment 313 and a first lead-out segment 314, the second microstrip line 32 includes a fourth straight line segment 321 and a second lead-out segment 322, two ends of the second straight line segment 312 are respectively connected with one end of the first straight line segment 311 and one end of the third straight line segment 313 through folds, so that the second straight line segment 312 is higher than the first straight line segment 311 and the third straight line segment 313, the other end of the third straight line segment 313 is connected with one end of the first lead-out segment 314, the fourth straight line segment 321 is arranged below the second straight line segment 312 in a penetrating manner and is connected with one end of the second lead-out segment 322, and the other end of the first lead-out segment 314 and the other end of the second lead-out segment 322 are connected with the metal floor 50 through metal vias.
The length of the second straight line segment 312 is set to 3.6mm, the length between the head end of the first straight line segment 311 and the tail end of the third straight line segment 313 is set to 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line segment 321 is set to 11mm, the widths of the first straight line segment 311, the second straight line segment 312, the third straight line segment 313 and the fourth straight line segment 321 are set to 1mm, and the widths of the first lead-out segment 314 and the second lead-out segment 322 are set to 0.8mm.
The top patch 10 comprises a square metal sheet 11 and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves 12 etched on the square metal sheet 11, wherein the bottom sides of the equilateral triangle through grooves 12 are opposite to one side of the square metal sheet 11, and the top angles of the equilateral triangle through grooves 12 point to the center of the square metal sheet 11.
The side length of the square metal sheet 11 was set to 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove 12 was set to 5.5mm.
The incident angle of the TE wave and the TM wave is set to ±70°.
The invention relates to a 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super-surface which is a two-dimensional structure formed by periodically expanding a plurality of sub-wavelength units with electric control characteristics, wherein a coding sequence is loaded on each super-surface unit in a switching voltage mode, when plane waves are obliquely incident from a large angle, the super-surface can realize single-beam radiation for any polarization, and the beam direction can be changed by controlling the coding sequence, so that the single-beam scanning function is realized.
The basic structure of the unit of the invention is composed of a sub-wavelength dual-polarized microstrip antenna working in a receiving mode and a load circuit loaded by a PIN tube, the on and off of the PIN tube can be changed by controlling the bias voltage of the PIN tube, so as to change the scattering characteristic of the antenna, realize the 180-degree reflection phase difference required by 1-Bit, and the unit has stable 1-Bit coding performance in a wide angle range for TE and TM two orthogonal polarized plane waves.
The super surface formed by the units can realize single beam radiation when the super surface is obliquely incident at a large angle, the beam direction of the super surface is related to the coding sequence, the digital programmable hardware (such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)) is utilized to control the bias line voltage, and the coding sequence can be dynamically changed in real time, so that the beam direction can be controlled in real time, and the single beam scanning function is realized.
The 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable subsurface mentioned by the invention is specifically exemplified in the S band; referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of the super-surface unit, the unit mainly comprises a 6-layer structure, and the sizes of the top-layer patch 10, the feeder line 20 and the like are shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment of the invention, all dielectric layers are made of F4BM300 materials, the relative dielectric constants and loss tangents of the dielectric layers are respectively set to be 0.5mm, 4mm and 0.5mm in thickness of the first dielectric layer 20, the second dielectric layer 40 and the third dielectric layer 60.
The two feed ports of the model are connected with a load circuit loaded by a PIN tube through a metal via hole, the load circuit is formed by connecting a third microstrip line 72 with a certain size and the PIN tube 71 in series, the PIN tube 71 is selected from MA4AGP907 model from MACOM, the terminal of the third microstrip line 72 is connected with a metal floor through the metal via hole, the third microstrip line 72 comprises a fifth straight line segment 721, a sixth straight line segment 722 and a seventh straight line segment 723 parallel to the fifth straight line segment 721, one end of the fifth straight line segment 721 is connected with the PIN tube 71, and two ends of the sixth straight line segment 722 are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line segment 721 and one end of the seventh straight line segment 723 and are perpendicular to the fifth straight line segment 721 and the seventh straight line segment 723; the lengths of the fifth straight line segment 721, the sixth straight line segment 722, and the seventh straight line segment 723 are set to 14mm, 6mm, and 7.8mm, respectively; the scattering characteristics of the model can be switched by changing the on state and the off state of the PIN tube, so that the phase difference required by 1-Bit is realized, the code of 0 is recorded to represent the on state of the PIN tube, and the code of 1 is recorded to represent the off state of the PIN tube.
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, the phase and amplitude characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the unit under the irradiation of the plane wave polarized by TE are shown with the incidence angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °, respectively, and the reflection phases of the state "1" and the state "0" are shown by solid lines and dashed lines, respectively, as can be seen from fig. 4, for the incidence angle range of 0 ° -70 °, the unit can achieve 180 ° phase interval required for 1-Bit encoding at about 3 GHz; as shown in fig. 5, in the working frequency band, the amplitude of the reflection coefficient corresponding to the code "1" is close to 1, which means that the energy is almost totally reflected, and the amplitude characteristic is very good; for coding "0", the PIN tube operates in "on" mode, and the reflection amplitude is slightly reduced but is greater than 0.7 within the range of incidence angles of 0 ° -70 ° due to losses caused by the circuit and the effects of mutual coupling; for large arrays, the beam characteristics are more dependent on phase than amplitude, so the cell-formed super-table still has good beam capabilities, which will be verified in the following numerical simulations.
Referring to fig. 6-7, which show the phase and amplitude characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under TM polarized plane wave illumination at angles of incidence of 0 °,20 °, 40 ° and 70 °, respectively, it can be seen from the data in the figure that the cell also exhibits stable 180 ° phase difference characteristics over angles of incidence of 0 ° -70 ° at 3GHz, and the amplitudes of the reflection coefficients are both greater than 0.8. Therefore, the unit shows stable reflection amplitude and phase characteristics for plane waves of TE and TM two orthogonal polarizations at the incidence angle range of 0-70 degrees near 3GHz, and has good wide-angle stability and dual polarization characteristics.
To verify that the super surface can realize a single beam scanning function for plane waves of arbitrary polarization, 2 specific examples are used below.
The first example is a 10 x 10 hypersurface array, which adopts a key coding mode, the coding sequence in the x direction is 0011001100, as shown in fig. 8, and fig. 9 shows the beam modulation characteristics of the hypersurface when a mixed polarization TEM plane wave consisting of TE polarization and TM polarization is obliquely incident from 70 °. The included angle between the electric field polarization direction of the TEM plane wave and the incident surface is 45 degrees, so that the plane wave has x polarization components and y polarization components at the same time; the electric field pattern is shown in fig. 9, from which it can be observed that there is only one single beam pointing at-18 ° in the upper half space, which is close to the theoretical prediction result of 15 °; thus, the proposed programmable subsurface has single beam modulation capability for any polarization form.
To verify the single beam scanning function of the subsurface, the second example has a coding sequence 0101010101 in the x-direction, as shown in fig. 10. The incident wave of this example is a TE polarized plane wave with an angle of incidence of 70 deg., and it can be seen from the figure that in the upper half-space the code sequence can achieve a single beam radiation directed at 26 deg., which is 25 deg. from the theoretical estimate. Therefore, the 1-Bit super surface can realize a single-beam scanning function by controlling the coding sequence for any polarized plane wave under the condition of large-angle oblique incidence.
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and similar structures should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention as long as they can generate 180 ° phase difference when the switching diode is turned on; it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super-surface is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of controllable super-surface units, and is characterized in that: the super-surface unit comprises a top-layer patch (10), a first dielectric layer (20), a feeder line (30), a second dielectric layer (40), a metal floor (50), a third dielectric layer (60) and a bottom-layer load circuit (70), wherein the top-layer patch (10), the first dielectric layer (20), the feeder line (30), the second dielectric layer (40), the metal floor (50), the third dielectric layer (60) and the bottom-layer load circuit (70) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feeder line (30) comprises a first microstrip line (31) and a second microstrip line (32) which are orthogonally arranged, the first microstrip line (31) and the second microstrip line (32) are connected with the metal floor (50) through metal through holes, and the bottom-layer load circuit (70) comprises a PIN tube (71) and a third microstrip line (72) which are connected with the metal floor (50) through the metal through holes;
The top patch (10) comprises a square metal sheet (11) and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves (12) etched on the square metal sheet (11), wherein the bottom edges of the equilateral triangle through grooves (12) are opposite to one side of the square metal sheet (11), and the top angles of the equilateral triangle through grooves (12) point to the center of the square metal sheet (11).
2. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 1, wherein: the first dielectric layer (20), the second dielectric layer (40) and the third dielectric layer (60) are made of F4BM300 materials, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer (20), the second dielectric layer (40) and the third dielectric layer (60) are respectively set to be 0.5mm, 4mm and 0.5mm.
3. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 1, wherein: the first microstrip line (31) comprises a first straight line section (311), a second straight line section (312), a third straight line section (313) and a first leading-out section (314), the second microstrip line (32) comprises a fourth straight line section (321) and a second leading-out section (322), two ends of the second straight line section (312) are respectively connected with one end of the first straight line section (311) and one end of the third straight line section (313) through flanging, so that the second straight line section (312) is higher than the first straight line section (311) and the third straight line section (313), the other end of the third straight line section (313) is connected with one end of the first leading-out section (314), the fourth straight line section (321) penetrates through the lower portion of the second straight line section (312) and is connected with one end of the second leading-out section (322), and the other end of the first leading-out section (314) and the other end of the second leading-out section (322) are connected with the metal floor (50) through metal through holes.
4. A wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length of the second straight line section (312) is set to be 3.6mm, the length from the head end of the first straight line section (311) to the tail end of the third straight line section (313) is set to be 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line section (321) is set to be 11mm, the widths of the first straight line section (311), the second straight line section (312), the third straight line section (313) and the fourth straight line section (321) are set to be 1mm, and the widths of the first lead-out section (314) and the second lead-out section (322) are set to be 0.8mm.
5. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 1, wherein: the third microstrip line (72) comprises a fifth straight line segment (721), a sixth straight line segment (722) and a seventh straight line segment (723) parallel to the fifth straight line segment (721), one end of the fifth straight line segment (721) is connected with the PIN tube (71), and two ends of the sixth straight line segment (722) are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line segment (721) and one end of the seventh straight line segment (723) and are perpendicular to the fifth straight line segment (721) and the seventh straight line segment (723) at the same time.
6. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 5, wherein: the lengths of the fifth straight line segment (721), the sixth straight line segment (722) and the seventh straight line segment (723) are set to 14mm, 6mm and 7.8mm, respectively.
7. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 1, wherein: the side length of the square metal sheet (11) is set to be 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove (12) is set to be 5.5mm.
8. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable subsurface of claim 1, wherein: the incident angle of the TE wave and the TM wave is set to ±70°.
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| CN113113774A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-07-13 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna |
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| CN108900233B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2021-03-09 | 东南大学 | Direct radiation wireless digital communication system and method based on digital coding metamaterial |
| CN111162374A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-15 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Ultralow sidelobe phased array system based on one-bit time modulation coding super surface |
| CN113067163B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-29 | 东南大学 | A fully-space programmable digitally encoded metamaterial and its control method |
| CN113991312B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2025-02-18 | 东南大学 | Dual-polarization 3-bit phase-independently adjustable reconfigurable smart metasurface unit |
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| CN106299717A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-04 | 东南大学 | A kind of microwave section 1 bit anisotropy able to programme surpasses surface |
| CN113113774A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-07-13 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband beam scanning reflective array antenna |
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