CN114818050A - Drawing method and system of building electromechanical drawing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings, comprising the following steps: S1: creating a user's plane icon library, plane connection library and system module library; S2: calling plane icons and connections from the plane icon library and the plane connection library Line, call the system module from the system module library; S3: Combine and label the called plane icon and connection to generate the equipment floor plan; The called system module is combined and marked to generate the system diagram. In the above scheme, the rapid method of creating, combining and labeling personalized icons is used to realize the automatic drawing method that meets the personalized requirements of users. It can also be used for the automatic statistical function of the material table, and the function of automatic creation of 3D drawings can be realized in combination with the 2D to 3D mold turning tool.

Description

A method and system for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings

technical field

The invention relates to the field of architectural design, and more particularly, to a method and system for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings.

Background technique

Architectural design is a general term for design activities including architecture, structure, electromechanical and other majors. The electromechanical design drawings include design drawings of several majors such as water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical. Each major usually includes the floor plan and system diagram of each major. . For example, electrical majors include electrical system diagrams and electrical floor plans. Electrical floor plans refer to the distribution and wiring distribution of electrical equipment on the construction surface of a building, including the location of electrical equipment and cable routing information. An electrical system diagram is a schematic diagram that expresses the relationship between various cables and various electrical equipment (including various components within the electrical equipment). The drawings of other equipment majors are similar to the drawings of electrical majors, and they also have two categories: plan drawings and system drawings.

In the design drawings of equipment majors, there is usually an equipment legend table. The legend table refers to a table used to describe the equipment represented by various icons in the design drawing and various attributes of the equipment in the design drawing. , such as device name, power, installation method, installation height, etc. Since the habit of each design subject is different, each design habit corresponds to a different legend table.

In the drawing process, a point is usually set on each device icon as the reference point for inserting the icon. At the same time, the outer contour of some icons is set with some connection points for connection positioning. Lay out the icons, and then connect them. The endpoint of the wire falls on the nearest icon wire point, making the wire conform to the drafting standard.

In the graphic design drawing of the equipment profession, there is usually a plane connection between the representative equipment icon and the equipment icon. This plane connection may represent connecting pipes such as electric pipes, water pipes or air ducts.

The system diagram of the equipment specialty consists of various system components, connections and text annotations that make up the system diagram. Among them, many designers in this industry are used to combining multiple system components according to the drawing method of the system diagram to form a system sub-module (hereinafter referred to as a system module). When drawing a system diagram, different system modules can be combined to form A system diagram, which facilitates the drawing of drawings.

In the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for drawing construction drawings based on an extensible drawing model, by acquiring equipment data and user selection data; determining target model data according to the user selection data, and determining according to the equipment data. Drawing equipment data; draw according to the drawing equipment data and the target model data, and use the drawings obtained by drawing as construction drawings. The invention stores the drawing methods of various types of construction drawings through a plurality of preset data models, the user only needs to input the basic data of various types of equipment for drawing construction drawings, and the system can pass the corresponding data models and the basic data of various types of equipment. Determine the equipment to be generated on the construction drawings expected by the user, as well as the drawing position, size, color and other information of each equipment, and generate construction drawings according to the drawing methods corresponding to various construction drawings, but only 2D drawings can be drawn, which is not applicable in 3D drawings.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the technical defect that the three-dimensional drawings cannot be created automatically at present, the present invention provides a method and system for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings.

In order to achieve the above purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is:

A method for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings, comprising the following steps:

S1: Create the user's flat icon library, flat connection library and system module library;

S2: call the flat icon and connection from the flat icon library and the flat connection library, and call the system module from the system module library;

S3: Combine and label the called plane icons and connections to generate a device plan; the called system modules are combined and labeled to generate a system diagram.

In the above scheme, the rapid method of creating, combining and labeling personalized icons is used to realize the automatic drawing method that meets the personalized requirements of users. It can also be used for the automatic statistical function of the material table, and the function of automatically creating 3D drawings can be realized by combining the 2D to 3D overturning tool.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a flat icon library includes the following methods: acquiring a set of icons representing different devices, and acquiring the device attribute parameters corresponding to each icon, if the icon has a text label, the icon label text should be obtained at the same time The attributes and position coordinates of the icon; according to the graphic features and device attributes of the icon, the icon reference point, feature contour line and connection point are obtained to form a flat icon library.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a plane connection library includes the following method: acquiring a set of line segments representing different equipment pipes or cables, and acquiring features corresponding to the line segments to form a plane connection library.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a system module library includes the following methods: obtaining a group of system basic modules drawn according to the user's system diagram habits, and obtaining the attributes and positions of different marked texts on each system basic module; Graphical features and classification of system modules, or datum points and feature contours of system modules, form a system module library.

Preferably, in step S2, a group of plane icons is selected from the plane icon library, and the root icons of the group of root icons are obtained, and the icons except the root icons are classified according to the attributes corresponding to the icons or the number of icons; The wire library selects the connection points and contour lines; obtains the sub-modules required by the equipment system diagram in the system module library.

Preferably, in step S3, combining into a plan view of the device includes the following methods: connecting the icons of the same type with connecting lines from the root in sequence; Obtain the endpoint and line type of the connection, and draw the correct connection line; until all the icons are connected, the equipment floor plan is formed.

Preferably, in step S3, combining into a system diagram includes the following methods: acquiring characteristic contour lines of sub-modules; combining system diagram modules according to design rules and characteristic contour lines to form a system diagram.

Preferably, in step S3, labeling the equipment floor plan includes the following methods: acquiring the graphic coordinates and labeling content of the connection, and labeling the connection-related information according to the location requirements of the connection label, forming the equipment floor plan;

The labeling system diagram includes the following methods: acquiring the labeling attribute value of the system module, and labeling the system diagram through the properties and corresponding coordinates of the labeling text of the system module to form an equipment system diagram.

A drawing system for building electromechanical drawings, using a drawing method for building electromechanical drawings, comprising a creation unit, a calling unit, a combining unit and a labeling unit, the output end of the creation unit and the input end of the calling unit are electrically connected The output end of the calling unit is electrically connected to the input end of the combining unit and the input end of the labeling unit.

Preferably, the creation unit includes a plane icon library subunit, a plane connection library subunit and a system module library subunit, the output end of the plane icon library subunit, the output end of the plane connection library subunit and the system module The output ends of the library subunits are all electrically connected with the input ends of the calling unit.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention provides a method and system for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings, which adopts the method of quickly creating, combining and marking personalized icons, and realizes an automatic drawing method that meets the personalized requirements of users. The connection lines have added additional properties to ensure the accuracy of the information, and can also be used for the automatic statistical function of the material table, and combined with the 2D to 3D overturning tool, the function of automatically creating 3D drawings can be realized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the method flow chart of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a plane icon library of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the read-in storage of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a flat electrical circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of identifying the feature of connection and establishing connection library in the existing drawing of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of a system diagram module preset of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the residential indoor electric and weak electric plan view of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the electric box system diagram of the present invention;

9 is a partial view of a certain ventilation drawing of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a partial view of a spray drawing of a water supply and drainage specialty of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limitations on this patent;

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a method for drawing mechanical and electrical drawings of buildings includes the following steps:

S1: Create the user's flat icon library, flat connection library and system module library;

S2: call the flat icon and connection from the flat icon library and the flat connection library, and call the system module from the system module library;

S3: Combine and label the called plane icons and connections to generate a device floor plan; the called system modules are combined and labeled to generate a system diagram.

In the above scheme, the rapid method of creating, combining and labeling personalized icons is used to realize the automatic drawing method that meets the personalized requirements of users. It can also be used for the automatic statistical function of the material table, and the function of automatically creating 3D drawings can be realized by combining the 2D to 3D overturning tool.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a flat icon library includes the following methods: acquiring a set of icons representing different devices, and acquiring the device attribute parameters corresponding to each icon, if the icon has a text label, the icon label text should be obtained at the same time The attributes and position coordinates of the icon; according to the graphic features and device attributes of the icon, the icon reference point, feature contour line and connection point are obtained to form a flat icon library.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a plane connection library includes the following method: acquiring a set of line segments representing different equipment pipes or cables, and acquiring features corresponding to the line segments to form a plane connection library.

Preferably, in step S1, creating a system module library includes the following methods: obtaining a group of system basic modules drawn according to the user's system diagram habits, and obtaining the attributes and positions of different marked texts on each system basic module; Graphical features and classification of system modules, or datum points and feature contours of system modules, form a system module library.

Preferably, in step S2, a group of plane icons is selected from the plane icon library, and the root icons of the group of root icons are obtained, and the icons except the root icons are classified according to the attributes corresponding to the icons or the number of icons; The wire library selects the connection points and contour lines; obtains the sub-modules required by the equipment system diagram in the system module library.

Preferably, in step S3, combining into a plan view of the device includes the following methods: connecting the icons of the same type with connecting lines from the root in sequence; Obtain the endpoint and line type of the connection, and draw the correct connection line; until all the icons are connected, the equipment floor plan is formed.

Preferably, in step S3, combining into a system diagram includes the following methods: acquiring characteristic contour lines of sub-modules; combining system diagram modules according to design rules and characteristic contour lines to form a system diagram.

Preferably, in step S3, labeling the equipment floor plan includes the following methods: acquiring the graphic coordinates and labeling content of the connection, and labeling the connection-related information according to the location requirements of the connection label, forming the equipment floor plan;

The labeling system diagram includes the following methods: acquiring the labeling attribute value of the system module, and labeling the system diagram through the properties and corresponding coordinates of the labeling text of the system module to form an equipment system diagram.

Example 2

The present embodiment discloses a creation unit, which includes:

1) Create a flat icon library, as shown in Figure 2:

(1) Read the legend table of the user's electrical equipment, wherein the graphics in the first column of the electrical equipment legend table are icons, the second column is the name, the third column is the installation, the fourth column is the height, and the fifth column is the power.

(2) The device icons and corresponding attribute information on the device table are read line by line and stored in the library, as shown in FIG. 3 .

(a) Determine the outline of the icon features, in this case, there are round lanterns, sockets, switches, electrical boxes, etc. Among them, the outer contour of the circular lantern is circular, and the outer contour of the socket, switch and electric box is rectangular.

(b) Determine the datum point of the icon. The datum point is generally the user-defined insertion point of the user block. If no block is defined, the datum point can be automatically determined according to the installation method in the icon description: if the installation method is to install against the wall , select the middle point of the bottom edge; if it is not installed against a wall, select the center point. For example, in this case, the block is not pre-defined, and the lantern is installed on the ceiling by means of automatic definition, so the reference point of the icon is the center point - the center point, the socket, switch and electric box are installed along the wall, and the reference point of the icon is is the midpoint of the bottom edge.

(c) Determine the set of icon connection points. According to the general practice, the connection points of some icons have been defined by the user in the block, so there is no need to add them in the block. If there is no connection point in the block, it needs to be combined with the icon. The installation method in the description to increase the connection point: if it is installed against the wall, select the middle point of each side except the bottom line; if it is not installed against the wall, then: (A) If the contour line is a circle, The connection point is the uniformly distributed point of the contour line, including at least four quadrant point coordinates, and also includes the point coordinates of the digital position of the clock. (B) If the contour line is a semicircle, the connection points are the evenly distributed points of the contour line, including at least the coordinates of three quadrant points, and the point coordinates of the digital position of the clock. (C) If it is a rectangle, it is the midpoint of the four sides. (D) If it is an irregular shape, the first coordinate point is the intersection of the radiating circle and the contour line. In this case: the lantern is installed on the ceiling, so the set of icon wiring points is 12 points on the clock, the socket, switch and electric box are installed along the wall, and the reference point of the icon is the middle point of the four sides.

(3) Read the corresponding attribute information of each row of equipment icons, including equipment name, installation method, installation height, equipment power and other information, and extract the relevant information to correspond to the equipment icons. In this case, by using it on the tile This is achieved by adding extended data. In another implementation case, it is achieved by adding a block attribute dictionary or a block attribute database.

Since the vocabulary of the header information may not correspond to the vocabulary of the target, the vocabulary matching function can be added as needed, for example: convert "name" to "device name"; "installation" converts to "installation method"; "height" converts to "Installation Height"; "Power" is converted to "Device Power". In the description of the installation method, "close to the wall" is converted to "along the wall"; "ceiling" is converted to "ceiling", and so on.

In addition, in addition to the above method of creating a device icon library by identifying the legend, there is actually a method similar to creating a system module library. The method is to provide a preset table in advance, allowing users to Blocks or primitives are placed in a table with a defined location.

2) Create a plane wiring library

As shown in Figure 4, the legend table for identifying the electrical connection line type, in which the line type of the recorded distribution line is a solid line, the layer where it is located is "read-wire-pd", the line type of the telephone line is a dotted line, where the The layer is "read-wire-dh", the line type of the network line is dotted line, and the layer where it is located is "read-wire-wl",

FIG. 5 is another implementation form, that is, in the form of a user dialog, the characteristics of the connection lines are identified in the user's existing drawings, and a connection library is established.

3) Create a system module library

As shown in FIG. 6 , a template form is provided in advance in this embodiment, the user puts the system module graphics into a form with cross lines, and the position of the reference point is set at the intersection of the cross lines by default, which is convenient for the computer to read.

Wherein, the system module includes an identifier for marking text information, so that the attribute value of the system text corresponding to the identifier can be imported into the location of the identifier.

Combination unit: combine plane icons and connections to generate a plane diagram, and combine system modules to generate a system diagram

(1) As shown in Figure 7, the required icons are extracted from the user icon library and arranged in a plan view. When arranging the icons, the layout angle of the icons can be adjusted according to the installation method in the icon library, for example, they are installed against a wall Equipment icons should be arranged in combination with the architectural base map, and the insertion angle of the icons should be adjusted to be perpendicular to the wall line.

(2) Select a group of icons that need to be connected to each other. In this case, the other icon is obtained from the icon attribute as the electric box. Therefore, the icon of the electric box is used as the root icon, and the remaining selected icons are classified as There are three types of lighting, sockets, and air-conditioning sockets. Each type is a circuit, and the circuit numbers are N1, N2, and N3. Starting from the root icon, look for the nearest adjacent icons of each type, and then find the two connection points of the nearest path among the connection points of the two adjacent icons to draw the connection, which realizes the function of automatic connection drawing. While connecting the line, the icon power value along the line is accumulated according to the icon library, and the power data value of a certain circuit in the system diagram is generated. The power of lighting, socket and air conditioner are 100W, 400W and 800W respectively, which are the power values of the three circuits. At the same time, according to the design rules, the switch specification and cable specification data of each circuit are obtained for the system diagram marking.

(3) Generation of electrical system diagrams

As shown in Figure 8, in this case, to generate a system diagram of the electric box, first obtain the information of the outgoing circuit, the information of the incoming circuit, and the power information of the electric box required by the electric box. Among them: the power information includes the installed power (Pe) of the electrical box, the demand coefficient (Kx), the calculated power (Pj), the calculated current (Ij), the power factor (Cosφ) and so on.

If there are 3 outgoing modules 1, 2 and 3 in the order of the outgoing line numbers, after each outgoing module is inserted, it will move down to the position of the insertion point of the next outgoing module according to the height of the module outline of the outgoing system after it is inserted. After all the outgoing system modules are completed, draw a vertical line segment, which is the outgoing busbar. Arrange the incoming module according to the position of the middle point of the outgoing busbar.

According to the comparison between the total height h1 of the outgoing module and the total height h2 of the incoming module, take the maximum value h(max) to determine the height of the outer frame of the system frame, the height of the outer frame=h(max)+8500; The width values of the maximum width w1 and the maximum width w2 of the incoming line module are added together, and w3=w1+w2 is the width of the outer frame line of the system diagram. Among them, the coordinates of the upper two vertices of the outer frame line are the highest point of the incoming and outgoing line module + 5000, and the coordinates of the two lower vertices of the outer frame line are the highest point of the incoming and outgoing line module -3500, thereby determining the positioning of the outer frame line.

According to the fixed-point coordinate of the upper left corner of the dotted line of the system frame as the reference point, place the electrical parameter module (installed power Pe, required coefficient Kx, calculated power Pj, power factor Cosx, calculated current Ij, etc.)

Among them: Pe is the power sum of each outgoing circuit

Kx is the required coefficient, which can be preset

Pj (calculated power) = PeⅹKx

Cosx is the power factor, which can be preset

Ij (calculated current) = Pj/0.66/Cosx (three-phase) or Ij (calculated current) = Pj/0.22/Cosx (single-phase)

3. Label unit

The obtained circuit information N1, N2, and N3 are marked between the root device icon and the first device icon to obtain an electrical plan.

The obtained circuit N1, N2, N3 power information is 100W, 400W and 800W respectively. According to each circuit information and design rules, mark the circuit breaker and outlet specifications of the outgoing circuit of the electric box. The power sum is 1300W or 1.3kW.

According to the design rules, the size of the incoming switch is determined by the factors of the total current of the outgoing line and the size of the outgoing switch (whichever is larger). For example, the total outgoing current is 7A, and the maximum outgoing switch is 20A. It is two levels larger than the outgoing line, 20→25→32, 25>18. Therefore, considering the overall consideration, the incoming line switch should be a 32A switch.

According to the above data and the marked text position of the electrical parameter module in the system module, write the corresponding electrical parameter value of the electrical box.

Example 3

Figure 9 is a partial view of a ventilation drawing. The legend of the diffuser in the figure is a user-defined icon. After identification, an icon library is created. The reference point is the middle point, the outline is a square line, and multiple air outlets are arranged in the plan view. , The connection between the tuyere is a double line (air duct). According to the design rules, the interface size of the duct is calculated, and the width is greater than the size of the tuyere (outline). When designing, the tuyere is first arranged, and then the connection is made. , by identifying the outline of the tuyere, and then automatically drawing the double-line diagram of the duct and marking the size of the duct according to the cross-sectional area data of the duct.

Example 4

Figure 10 is a partial drawing of a sprinkler drawing of a water supply and drainage major. The legend of sprinklers in the figure is a user-defined icon. After identification, an icon library is created. The reference point is the middle point, and the contour line is a circle. Multiple sprinklers are arranged In the plan view, the connection between the air outlets is a water pipe. According to the design rules, the diameter of the water pipe is related to the number of nozzles it supplies. For example, one nozzle is DN25, two nozzles are DN32, and so on. When connecting the nozzles, by identifying the number of nozzles, the pipe specifications are obtained, the water pipes are automatically drawn and the water pipe specifications are marked.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for drawing a building electromechanical drawing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: creating a plane icon library, a plane connection library and a system module library of a user;

s2: calling a plane icon and a connecting line from a plane icon library and a plane connecting line library, and calling a system module from a system module library;

s3: the called plane icon and the called connecting line are combined and labeled to generate a plane diagram of the equipment; and combining and labeling the called system modules to generate a system diagram.

2. The drawing method of construction machinery electrical drawing according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, creating a plane icon library includes the following method: acquiring a group of icons representing different devices, acquiring device attribute parameters corresponding to each icon, and acquiring attributes and position coordinates of icon labeled characters if the icons have character labels; and acquiring the icon reference points, the characteristic contour lines and the connection points according to the graphic characteristics and the equipment attributes of the icons to form a plane icon library.

3. The drawing method of construction electromechanical drawing according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, creating the plane link library includes the following steps: and acquiring a group of line segments representing different equipment pipelines or cables, and acquiring the characteristics corresponding to the line segments to form a plane connection library.

4. The drawing method of architectural electromechanical drawing according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, creating the system module library comprises the following steps: acquiring a group of system basic modules drawn according to the habits of a user system diagram, and acquiring the attributes and positions of different marked characters on each system basic module; and forming a system module library according to the graphic features and the classifications of the system modules or the reference points and the feature contour lines of the system modules.

5. The drawing method of the architectural electromechanical drawing according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein in step S2, a group of plane icons is selected from a plane icon library, root icons of the group of root icons are obtained, and icons other than the root icons are classified according to attributes or the number of icons corresponding to the icons; selecting a wiring point and a contour line from a plane wiring library; and acquiring sub-modules required by the equipment system diagram from the system module library.

6. The drawing method of construction electro-mechanical drawing paper according to claim 5, wherein the combining into the equipment plan view in step S3 includes the following method: connecting the icons of the same type in sequence from the root by using a connecting line; in the connection process, combining the attributes of the two icons with the wiring points and the contour lines to obtain the end points and the line types of the connection lines, and drawing the correct connection lines; and forming a device plan until all the icons are connected.

7. The drawing method of construction electromechanical drawing according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the combination into the system diagram includes the following methods: obtaining a characteristic contour line of the submodule; and combining the system diagram modules according to the design rule and the characteristic contour line to form the system diagram.

8. The drawing method of construction machinery electrical drawing according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, labeling the equipment plan view includes the following method: acquiring graphic coordinates and marking contents of the connecting line, and marking the relevant information of the connecting line according to the position requirement of the connecting line marking to form a device plan;

the labeling system diagram comprises the following methods: and acquiring a system module marking attribute value, and marking the system diagram through the attribute of the system module marking characters and the corresponding coordinates to form the equipment system diagram.

9. A drawing system of a building electromechanical drawing uses the drawing method of the building electromechanical drawing of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising a creating unit, a calling unit, a combining unit and a labeling unit, wherein an output end of the creating unit is electrically connected with an input end of the calling unit, and an output end of the calling unit is electrically connected with an input end of the combining unit and an input end of the labeling unit.

10. The method for drawing the electromechanical drawing of the building as recited in claim 9, wherein the creating unit comprises a plane icon library subunit, a plane connection library subunit and a system module library subunit, and an output end of the plane icon library subunit, an output end of the plane connection library subunit and an output end of the system module library subunit are electrically connected to an input end of the calling unit.

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