CN114813509B - Compaction correction coefficient determination method for calculating rock porosity by using acoustic wave time difference - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法，其特征在于：基于怀利公式声波计算孔隙度的方法，以干燥后岩样纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度为未压实的声波计算孔隙度，以抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度为压实过后的声波计算孔隙度，根据岩样在此两种状态下利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度与压实校正系数的物理关系，建立了一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法，对于石油勘探开发油气储量计算具有重要的意义。
The invention discloses a method for determining a compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference. The method is characterized in that: based on the method for calculating porosity using acoustic wave time difference of the Wylie formula, the porosity calculated using the Wylie formula by using the longitudinal wave time difference of a rock sample after drying is the uncompacted acoustic wave calculated porosity, and the porosity calculated using the Wylie formula by using the longitudinal wave time difference of a rock sample saturated with pores filled with vacuum distilled water is the compacted acoustic wave calculated porosity. According to the physical relationship between the porosity calculated using the Wylie formula and the compaction correction coefficient of the rock sample in these two states, a method for determining the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference is established, which is of great significance for the calculation of oil and gas reserves in oil exploration and development.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于石油天然气勘探开发领域，具体涉及一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法。The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular relates to a method for determining a compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference.
背景技术Background technique
岩石孔隙度是石油天然气勘探开发领域关乎地下油气储量计算的一项重要参数，从怀利(Wyllie)发明时间平均公式以来，声波计算孔隙度被学术界广泛的研究使用，声波计算孔隙度的怀利公式如下：Rock porosity is an important parameter related to the calculation of underground oil and gas reserves in the field of oil and gas exploration and development. Since Wyllie invented the time-averaged formula, the porosity calculated by acoustic waves has been widely studied and used in academia. The Wyllie formula for calculating porosity by acoustic waves is as follows:
式中，φs为利用怀利公式声波计算的孔隙度，无量纲；Δt为实测岩样的纵波时差，μs/ft；Δtma为岩样骨架的纵波时差，μs/ft；Δtf为流体的纵波时差，μs/ft。Wherein, φs is the porosity calculated by acoustic wave using the Wylie formula, dimensionless; Δt is the longitudinal wave time difference of the measured rock sample, μs/ft; Δtma is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample skeleton, μs/ft; Δtf is the longitudinal wave time difference of the fluid, μs/ft.
在实际使用时，研究者们发现，使用怀利公式声波计算的岩石孔隙度往往比实测值大得多，所以研究者引入了声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp，后经校正关系如下：In actual use, researchers found that the rock porosity calculated by using the Wylie formula is often much larger than the measured value, so the researchers introduced the compaction correction coefficient Cp for calculating the rock porosity using the acoustic time difference. After correction, the relationship is as follows:
式中，Cp为声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数，无量纲。Where Cp is the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic time difference, which is dimensionless.
对怀利公式声波计算孔隙度的公式进行压实校正后，被学术界普遍认可，在科学研究和项目工程开发使用一直沿用至今，其中最重要的就是声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp的确定。After the compaction correction was performed on the Wylie formula for calculating porosity by acoustic waves, it was generally recognized by the academic community and has been used in scientific research and project engineering development to this day. The most important of these is the determination of the compaction correction coefficient Cp for calculating rock porosity by acoustic wave time difference.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于：解决声波计算孔隙度压实校正的问题，提供一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of compaction correction of porosity calculated by acoustic waves and to provide a method for determining the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference.
本发明采用的技术方案如下：The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法，其确定步骤如下：A method for determining a compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference, wherein the determination steps are as follows:
步骤1.1、将岩样在105℃温度环境干燥72小时，去除孔隙内的流体和孔隙表面吸附的挥发性物质，然后对干燥岩样进行声波测量，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd，利用怀利公式计算干燥后岩样的声波孔隙度，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φsd；Step 1.1, drying the rock sample at 105°C for 72 hours to remove the fluid in the pores and the volatile substances adsorbed on the pore surface, then performing acoustic wave measurement on the dried rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcd of the dried rock sample, and calculating the acoustic wave porosity of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula to obtain the porosity φsd calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula;
步骤1.2、将经过步骤1.1的岩样抽真空进行蒸馏水饱和，将岩样孔隙用蒸馏水填实，直至吸水后的岩样重量不再增加，然后对岩样进行声波测量，得到抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs，利用怀利公式计算孔隙被蒸馏水填实饱和岩样的声波孔隙度，得到抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φss；Step 1.2, vacuum the rock sample obtained in step 1.1 and saturate it with distilled water, fill the pores of the rock sample with distilled water until the weight of the rock sample after absorbing water no longer increases, then perform acoustic wave measurement on the rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δ tcs of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water, calculate the acoustic wave porosity of the rock sample filled with pores by distilled water using the Wylie formula, and obtain the porosity φ ss calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water using the Wylie formula;
步骤1.3、利用干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd和抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs分别利用怀里公式计算的孔隙度，φsd和φss的物理关系，得到声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp：Step 1.3: Use the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcd of the dried rock sample and the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcs of the vacuum saturated distilled water filled rock sample to calculate the porosity using the Huyley formula, and the physical relationship between φsd and φss to obtain the compaction correction coefficient Cp for calculating rock porosity using the acoustic wave time difference:
进一步，所述步骤1.3.1的具体步骤如下：Further, the specific steps of step 1.3.1 are as follows:
步骤1.3.1以干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φsd为未压实的声波计算孔隙度，以抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φss为压实过后的声波计算孔隙度，根据声波压实校正系数的物理定义，得到声波计算孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp：Step 1.3.1 The porosity φ sd calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula is the uncompacted acoustic wave calculated porosity, and the porosity φ ss calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample saturated with vacuum distilled water and filled with pores using the Wylie formula is the compacted acoustic wave calculated porosity. According to the physical definition of the acoustic wave compaction correction coefficient, the compaction correction coefficient C p of the acoustic wave calculated porosity is obtained:
式中，Cp为声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数，无量纲；φss为抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，无量纲；φsd为干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，无量纲；Δtcs为抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差，μs/ft；Δtcd为干燥后岩样的纵波时差，μs/ft；Δtma为岩样骨架的纵波时差，μs/ft；Δtf为流体的纵波时差，μs/ft。Wherein, Cp is the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity by acoustic time difference, dimensionless; φss is the porosity calculated by using the Wylie formula using the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample saturated with vacuum distilled water to fill the pores, dimensionless; φsd is the porosity calculated by using the Wylie formula using the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample after drying, dimensionless; Δtcs is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample saturated with vacuum distilled water to fill the pores, μs/ft; Δtcd is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample after drying, μs/ft; Δtma is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample skeleton, μs/ft; Δtf is the longitudinal wave time difference of the fluid, μs/ft.
一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法，包括如下步骤：A method for determining a compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference comprises the following steps:
步骤(1)、将岩样在105℃温度环境干燥72小时，去除孔隙内的流体和孔隙表面吸附的挥发性物质，然后对干燥岩样进行声波测量，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd，利用怀利公式计算干燥后岩样的声波孔隙度，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φsd；Step (1), drying the rock sample at 105° C. for 72 hours to remove the fluid in the pores and the volatile substances adsorbed on the pore surface, then performing acoustic wave measurement on the dried rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δ tcd of the dried rock sample, and calculating the acoustic wave porosity of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula to obtain the porosity φ sd of the dried rock sample calculated using the longitudinal wave time difference using the Wylie formula;
步骤(2)、将经过步骤(1)的岩样抽真空进行蒸馏水饱和，将岩样孔隙用蒸馏水填实，直至吸水后的岩样重量不再增加，然后对岩样进行声波测量，得到抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs，利用怀利公式计算孔隙被蒸馏水填实饱和岩样的声波孔隙度，得到抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φss；Step (2), vacuuming the rock sample after step (1) to saturate it with distilled water, filling the pores of the rock sample with distilled water until the weight of the rock sample after absorbing water no longer increases, then performing acoustic wave measurement on the rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcs of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuuming and saturating it with distilled water, using the Wylie formula to calculate the acoustic wave porosity of the rock sample filled with pores by distilled water, and obtaining the porosity φss calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuuming and saturating it with distilled water using the Wylie formula;
步骤(3)、利用干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd和抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs分别利用怀里公式计算的孔隙度，φsd和φss的物理关系，得到声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp。Step (3), using the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcd of the dried rock sample and the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcs of the vacuum saturated distilled water filled rock sample to calculate the porosity, the physical relationship between φsd and φss using the Huyley formula, and obtain the compaction correction coefficient Cp for calculating the rock porosity by the acoustic wave time difference.
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明中，将干燥后的岩样视作无有效介质填充孔隙，将抽真空饱和蒸馏水后的岩样视作孔隙被填实，采用两种状态下岩样的纵波时差怀利公式计算的孔隙度与压实校正系数的物理关系，确定了声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp。In the present invention, the dried rock sample is regarded as having no effective medium filling the pores, and the rock sample saturated with distilled water after vacuuming is regarded as having filled the pores. The physical relationship between the porosity calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference Wylie formula of the rock sample in the two states and the compaction correction coefficient is adopted to determine the compaction correction coefficient Cp of the rock porosity calculated by the acoustic wave time difference.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为岩样的基础参数Figure 1 shows the basic parameters of the rock sample
图2为不同岩石骨架及流体纵波时差参数Figure 2 shows the longitudinal wave time difference parameters of different rock skeletons and fluids
图3为本发明确定Cp计算的孔隙度φs与实测孔隙度φt的1:1对比图FIG. 3 is a 1:1 comparison diagram of the porosity φs calculated by the present invention to determine Cp and the measured porosity φt
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明，应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法：A method for determining the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference:
式中，φsd为干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，无量纲；Δtcs为抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差，μs/ft；φss为抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，无量纲；Δtcd为干燥后岩样的纵波时差，μs/ft。Wherein, φ sd is the porosity calculated by the Wylie formula using the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample after drying, dimensionless; Δ tcs is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water, μs/ft; φ ss is the porosity calculated by the Wylie formula using the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water, dimensionless; Δ tcd is the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample after drying, μs/ft.
本发明的确定过程如下：The determination process of the present invention is as follows:
以干燥后的岩样视作无有效介质填充孔隙，将抽真空饱和蒸馏水后的岩样视作孔隙被填实，采用两种状态下岩样的纵波时差怀利公式计算的孔隙度与压实校正系数的物理关系，确定了声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp。The dried rock samples were regarded as having no effective medium filling the pores, and the rock samples saturated with distilled water after vacuuming were regarded as having filled the pores. The physical relationship between the porosity and the compaction correction coefficient calculated by the longitudinal wave transit time Wylie formula of the rock samples in the two states was adopted to determine the compaction correction coefficient C p of the rock porosity calculated by acoustic wave transit time.
干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，计算公式如下：The porosity of the dried rock sample is calculated using the Wylie formula using the longitudinal wave time difference. The calculation formula is as follows:
抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度，计算公式如下：The porosity is calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with vacuum distilled water saturated with pores using the Wylie formula. The calculation formula is as follows:
根据声波计算孔隙度的压实校正系数的物理意义，则可得声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数，计算公式：According to the physical meaning of the compaction correction coefficient of porosity calculated by acoustic wave, the compaction correction coefficient of rock porosity calculated by acoustic wave time difference can be obtained. The calculation formula is:
一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法，包括步骤如下：A method for determining a compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference comprises the following steps:
步骤1：将岩样在105℃温度环境干燥72小时，去除孔隙内的流体和孔隙表面吸附的挥发性物质，然后对干燥岩样进行声波测量，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd，利用怀利公式计算干燥后岩样的声波孔隙度，得到干燥后岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φsd；Step 1: Dry the rock sample at 105°C for 72 hours to remove the fluid in the pores and the volatile substances adsorbed on the pore surface, then perform acoustic wave measurement on the dried rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcd of the dried rock sample, calculate the acoustic wave porosity of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula, and obtain the porosity φsd calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the dried rock sample using the Wylie formula;
步骤2：将经过步骤1的岩样抽真空进行蒸馏水饱和，将岩样孔隙用蒸馏水填实，直至吸水后的岩样重量不再增加，然后对岩样进行声波测量，得到抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs，利用怀利公式计算孔隙被蒸馏水填实饱和岩样的声波孔隙度，得到抽真空蒸馏水饱和填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差利用怀利公式计算的孔隙度φss；Step 2: vacuum the rock sample after step 1 and saturate it with distilled water, fill the pores of the rock sample with distilled water until the weight of the rock sample after absorbing water no longer increases, then perform acoustic wave measurement on the rock sample to obtain the longitudinal wave time difference Δ tcs of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water, calculate the acoustic wave porosity of the rock sample filled with pores by distilled water using the Wylie formula, and obtain the porosity φ ss calculated by the longitudinal wave time difference of the rock sample filled with pores by vacuum saturated distilled water using the Wylie formula;
步骤3：利用干燥后岩样的纵波时差Δtcd和抽真空饱和蒸馏水填实孔隙岩样的纵波时差Δtcs分别利用怀里公式计算的孔隙度，φsd和φss的物理关系，得到声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp。Step 3: Use the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcd of the dried rock sample and the longitudinal wave time difference Δtcs of the vacuum saturated distilled water filled rock sample to calculate the porosity using the Huyley formula, and the physical relationship between φsd and φss to obtain the compaction correction coefficient Cp for calculating rock porosity using the acoustic wave time difference.
实施例Example
一种利用声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数确定方法：A method for determining the compaction correction coefficient for calculating rock porosity using acoustic wave time difference:
该实施例采用不同比例砂岩骨架的成岩岩样采用本发明提出的方法进行计算校验，岩样的基础参数如图1所示，不同岩石骨架及流体纵波时差参数如图2所示。本发明确定Cp计算的孔隙度φs与实测孔隙度φt的1:1对比图如图3所示，较大的R2(0.873)与较小的AAREP(1.88％)，说明采用本发明提出的声波时差计算岩石孔隙度的压实校正系数Cp的计算方法能够很好应用到声波计算孔隙度当中，预测精度高。This embodiment uses diagenetic rock samples with different proportions of sandstone skeletons to perform calculation verification using the method proposed in the present invention. The basic parameters of the rock samples are shown in Figure 1, and the longitudinal wave time difference parameters of different rock skeletons and fluids are shown in Figure 2. The 1:1 comparison chart of the porosity φs calculated by the present invention and the measured porosity φt is shown in Figure 3. The larger R2 (0.873) and the smaller AAREP (1.88%) indicate that the method for calculating the compaction correction coefficient Cp of rock porosity calculated by the acoustic wave time difference proposed in the present invention can be well applied to the acoustic wave porosity calculation, and the prediction accuracy is high.
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