CN114811598A - Combustion-supporting nozzle and garbage incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion-supporting nozzle, which is used in a garbage incinerator, comprising a nozzle body and an air outlet guide; the nozzle body is installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the garbage incinerator; the air outlet guide is fixed in the nozzle body and located in the At the outlet of the nozzle body; wherein, the air outlet guide divides the outlet of the nozzle body into a plurality of outlet parts, and the air outlet guide guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each outlet part to be ejected in different directions. The combustion-supporting nozzle is provided with an air outlet guide, which can divide the combustion-supporting air into multiple strands and spray each strand of the combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber in different directions, so that the combustion-supporting air can agitate the airflow in the combustion chamber and improve the combustion-supporting air and flue gas. The mixing effect is favorable for full combustion. The present invention also provides a garbage incinerator using the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzle, which has a good effect on the burning of garbage, and also improves or even avoids the coking problem of fly ash.

Description

Combustion Nozzle, Garbage Incinerator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage incineration, more particularly, to a combustion-supporting nozzle, and also to a garbage incinerator.

Background technique

The combustion chamber of the existing waste incinerator uses the combustion-supporting tuyere to blow the combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber to intensify the combustion of the waste. However, the combustion-supporting tuyere is arranged on the front and rear arches of the combustion chamber, and the structure of the combustion-supporting tuyere is a circular vent without any structure inside.

However, the flue gas flow velocity at the throat formed by the front and rear arches in the combustion chamber is high, and the mixing effect of combustion-supporting air and flue gas is poor, which is not conducive to the full combustion of garbage.

In addition, the molten fly ash in the flue gas is deposited on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, which will cause coking, and the reducing gases such as CO and H ₂ in the flue gas can reduce the high melting point substances in the fly ash (such as Fe ₂ O ₃ ) to low Substances with melting point (such as FeO), and the combustion-supporting air and flue gas have poor mixing effect, which can easily lead to a local oxygen-depleted environment inside the combustion chamber, thereby causing fly ash deposition and coking.

Therefore, how to improve the mixing effect of combustion-supporting air and flue gas so as to facilitate the full combustion of garbage is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present invention provides a combustion-supporting nozzle. The combustion-supporting nozzle is provided with an air outlet guide, which can divide the combustion-supporting air into multiple strands and spray each strand into the combustion chamber in different directions, which can play the role of stirring the airflow in the combustion chamber. It can improve the mixing effect of combustion-supporting air and flue gas, which is beneficial to full combustion. The present invention also provides a garbage incinerator using the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzle, which has a good effect on burning garbage.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A combustion-supporting nozzle for a waste incinerator, comprising:

a nozzle body, the nozzle body is used to be installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator;

an air outlet guide, which is fixed in the nozzle body and located at the outlet of the nozzle body;

Wherein, the air outlet guide divides the outlet into a plurality of outlet parts, and guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each of the outlet parts to be ejected in different directions.

Preferably, in the above combustion-supporting nozzle, the air outlet guide member guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each of the outlet portions to be ejected in a direction gradually deviating from the central axis of the outlet.

Preferably, in the above combustion-supporting nozzle, the air outlet guide divides the outlet into two outlet parts.

Preferably, in the above combustion-supporting nozzle, the air outlet guide has an integral structure and is wedge-shaped; the air outlet guide is arranged in the middle of the outlet; or

The air outlet guide includes two guide plates, one end of the two guide plates close to the inside of the nozzle body is fixedly connected, and the other end is away from each other; the two guide plates are connected to the outlet center axis of the nozzle body The included angles are the same or different.

Preferably, the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzle further comprises a baffle plate, the baffle plate is fixed in the nozzle body, and the plate surface of the baffle plate is parallel to the axial direction of the outlet;

The baffle is arranged in the outlet portion.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzle, there are a plurality of the baffles, and at least one baffle is provided at each of the outlet parts.

Preferably, in the above combustion-supporting nozzle, the nozzle body is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the nozzle is controlled by a driving mechanism.

Preferably, in the above combustion-supporting nozzle, the nozzle body is rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber;

The drive mechanism includes:

a crank rocker, the middle of the crank rocker is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber;

a thrust device, one end of the thrust device is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the other end is hinged to the first end of the crank rocker;

A connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second end of the crank rocker, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the nozzle body.

A waste incinerator includes a combustion-supporting nozzle, wherein the combustion-supporting nozzle is the combustion-supporting nozzle described in any one of the above technical solutions.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned waste incinerator, there are multiple combustion-supporting nozzles, and each combustion-supporting nozzle is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the waste incinerator in the circumferential direction.

The invention provides a combustion-supporting nozzle for a garbage incinerator, comprising a nozzle body and an air outlet guide; the nozzle body is used to be installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the garbage incinerator; the air outlet guide is fixed in the nozzle body and located in the nozzle The outlet of the body; wherein, the air outlet guide divides the outlet of the nozzle body into a plurality of outlet parts, and the air outlet guide guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each outlet part to be ejected in different directions.

The combustion-supporting nozzle provided by the present invention is provided with an air outlet guide, which can divide the combustion-supporting air into multiple strands and spray each strand of the combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber in different directions, so that the combustion-supporting air has the effect of stirring the airflow in the combustion chamber and improves the combustion-supporting air flow. The mixing effect with flue gas is beneficial to full combustion.

In addition, the combustion-supporting nozzle provided by the present invention is conducive to the full mixing of the combustion-supporting air and the flue gas, reducing the concentration of the flow close to the wall, reducing or eliminating the oxygen-depleted area in the combustion chamber, and avoiding the reduction of the high-melting point substances in the flue gas in the reducing atmosphere to low-melting substances. Reduce or even avoid the production of molten fly ash from the source, and improve or even avoid coking.

The present invention also provides a waste incinerator, comprising a plurality of combustion-supporting nozzles, and the combustion-supporting nozzles are the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzles.

The garbage incinerator uses the combustion-supporting nozzle provided by the present invention, and has a good effect on the burning of garbage. In addition, the function of preventing coking of the waste incinerator is good.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front structure of a combustion-supporting nozzle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a combustion-supporting nozzle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the airflow ejected from the combustion-supporting nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a front assembly view of a combustion-supporting nozzle and a driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top assembly view of a combustion-supporting nozzle and a driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a combustion chamber in a waste incinerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Among them, in Figure 1-Figure 6:

Combustion-supporting nozzle 100; nozzle body 101; expansion joint 111; steering lug 112; air outlet guide 102; baffle 103; rotating shaft 104; 201; Back arch 202; Rolling smoke 01.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the invention discloses a combustion-supporting nozzle. The combustion-supporting nozzle is provided with an air outlet guide, which can divide the combustion-supporting air into multiple strands and spray each strand into the combustion chamber in different directions, and can play the role of stirring the airflow in the combustion chamber. , to improve the mixing effect of combustion-supporting air and flue gas, which is beneficial to full combustion. The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a garbage incinerator using the above-mentioned combustion-supporting nozzle, which is conducive to the full mixing of combustion-supporting air and flue gas, and promotes the burning of garbage.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a combustion-supporting nozzle 100, the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 is used in a waste incinerator, and includes a nozzle body 101 and an air outlet guide 102;

The nozzle body 101 is used to be installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator, and is used to inject combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber; the air outlet guide 102 is fixed in the nozzle body 101, and the air outlet guide 102 is located at the outlet of the nozzle body 101 ;

The air outlet guide 102 divides the outlet of the nozzle body 101 into a plurality of outlet parts, and the air outlet guide 102 guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each outlet part to eject in different directions.

The combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with an air outlet guide 102, which can divide the combustion-supporting air into multiple strands and spray each strand of the combustion-supporting air into the combustion chamber in different directions, so that the combustion-supporting air has the effect of stirring the airflow in the combustion chamber. , to improve the mixing effect of combustion-supporting air and flue gas, which is beneficial to full combustion.

In addition, the combustion-supporting nozzle provided in this embodiment is conducive to fully mixing the combustion-supporting air with the flue gas, reducing the concentration of the wall-mounted flow, reducing or eliminating the oxygen-lean area in the combustion chamber, and avoiding the reduction of the high-melting-point fly ash substance in the flue gas to a low-melting-point substance in a reducing atmosphere. , reduce or even avoid the generation of molten fly ash from the source, and improve or even avoid the coking situation.

In the combustion-supporting nozzle 100, the air outlet guide 102 guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each outlet portion to be ejected in a direction gradually deviating from the central axis of the outlet.

In the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in this embodiment, each combustion-supporting air is ejected at a certain angle and distance, and a stream of air from outside to inside (only from far away from the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 to near the combustion-supporting nozzle 100) can appear along the center direction of the nozzle outlet. The direction of the nozzle) of the cigarette smoke 01, the cigarette smoke 01 is opposite to the direction of the combustion-supporting air flow, which can intensify the strong turbulent movement of the high-temperature flue gas, thereby promoting the mixing effect of the combustion-supporting air and the high-temperature flue gas, which is conducive to further strengthening the garbage combustion. It has the best effect and is beneficial to the anti-coking effect.

Specifically, in the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in the above embodiment, the air outlet guide 102 divides the outlet of the nozzle body 101 into two outlet parts.

Further, the above-mentioned air outlet guide 102 is provided as an integral structure, and the air outlet guide 102 is wedge-shaped; the air outlet guide 102 is arranged in the middle of the outlet of the nozzle body 101; or

The air outlet guide 102 includes two guide plates, one end of the two guide plates close to the inside of the nozzle body 101 is fixedly connected, and the other end is away from each other; the two guide plates are respectively fixed in the middle of the outlet of the combustion-supporting nozzle 100; The included angles of the central axis of the outlet of the nozzle body 101 are the same or different.

Preferably, the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 further includes a baffle 103, which is fixed in the nozzle body 101, and the plate surface of the baffle 103 is parallel to the axial direction of the outlet; the baffle 103 is arranged in the above-mentioned outlet part.

The partition plate 103 can strengthen the rigidity of the airflow, improve the penetration force of the airflow, and improve the disturbance effect of the combustion-supporting gas on the flue gas, which is beneficial to uniform mixing.

In the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 described above, there are a plurality of partitions 103, and at least one partition 103 is provided at each outlet portion.

Preferably, the nozzle body 101 of the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the nozzle is controlled by a driving mechanism.

In practical applications, by adjusting the angle of the nozzle body 101, it is possible to realize not only strong turbulent flow at the horizontal interface, but also the coverage of the strong turbulent flow field in the three-dimensional space section.

At the same time, when a small amount of coking occurs on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, by adjusting the angle of the nozzle body 101, the local coking area can be blown to intensify the purging, and the small amount of coking can be softened and eliminated or burned out through high temperature and oxygen-enriched environment, so as to prevent coking. favorable.

Specifically, the above-mentioned nozzle body 101 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 104; the rotating shaft 104 is mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber; the driving mechanism includes:

The crank rocker 107, the middle of the crank rocker 107 is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber;

The thrust device 108, one end of the thrust device 108 is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the other end of the thrust device 108 is hinged to the first end of the crank rocker 107;

Connecting rod 106, one end of connecting rod 106 is hinged to the second end of crank rocker 107, and the other end of connecting rod 106 is hinged to nozzle body 101.

The nozzle body 101 is provided with a steering lug 112 for assembling the nozzle drive shaft 105 , and the other end of the connecting rod 106 is connected to the nozzle drive shaft 105 .

The above-mentioned thrust device 108 may be configured as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The combustion-supporting nozzles provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 , the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in this embodiment can swing up and down along the nozzle rotation axis 104, the swing angle is adjustable, and the thrust required for the swing is transmitted to the crank rocker 107 through the thrust device 108, and the crank rocker 107 is transmitted to the nozzle drive shaft 105 through the connecting rod 106. Similarly, the connecting rod 106 can rotate around the nozzle drive shaft 105. The nozzle drive shaft 105 is fixed to the nozzle body 101, and the final thrust acts on the nozzle body 101 to form the thrust required for the up and down swing. .

By adjusting the angle of the nozzle body 101, it can be realized that the nozzle body 101 not only realizes strong turbulent flow at the horizontal interface, but also realizes the coverage of the strong turbulent flow field in the three-dimensional space section. When a small amount of coking occurs, the angle of the nozzle body 101 can be adjusted to strengthen the purging of the local coking area, so that a small amount of coking can be softened and eliminated or burned out in a high temperature and oxygen-enriched environment.

The main functions of the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 are realized due to its unique structure, including the air outlet guide 102 , the baffle 103 , the expansion joint 111 , and the turning lug 112 .

The structure of the air outlet guide 102 is the key for the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 to realize multi-angle airflow and strong turbulent flow field. In order to achieve different angles of the two combustion air streams.

The baffle 103 is disposed inside the nozzle body 101 along a direction parallel to the outlet axis. The baffle 103 can enhance the rigidity of the airflow and improve the penetrating power of the airflow.

Since the nozzle body 101 is relatively close to the combustion center, its operating temperature is about 600-800°C. At this hot temperature, the expansion deformation of the nozzle is relatively large, and several expansion joints 111 should be intermittently arranged at the nozzle outlet to meet the expansion and absorption requirements. It is required to avoid deformation of the nozzle body 101 caused by long-term hot operation.

In application, 8 to 16 combustion-supporting nozzles 100 (specifically arranged on the front arch 201 and the rear arch 202) can be evenly distributed at the throat section of the furnace, and a certain distance is maintained between each combustion-supporting nozzle 100, so as to prevent the high-temperature smoke in the middle of the furnace. Air entrainment turbulence.

In addition, each nozzle main body 100 can adjust the air volume and angle respectively, so as to meet the requirement of strong turbulent flow in the overall flow field, thereby realizing the anti-coking function.

The following two examples are obtained through practice:

Example 1:

A newly built 350t/d waste incinerator uses the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in this embodiment, and the operation is stable, the combustion conditions are stable, the burning effect is good, the combustible components in the fly ash are low, and no coking accident occurs.

Example 2:

A 250t/d waste incinerator originally used conventional combustion-supporting tuyere. When the furnace was shut down for maintenance, the upper part of the throat often formed coking. After the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided by the present invention was used for reconstruction, and the nozzle angle was adjusted and purged as required for each shift, coke formation occurred. The situation improved.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a waste incinerator, which includes a combustion-supporting nozzle 100, and the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 is the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment. There are multiple combustion-supporting nozzles 100, and each combustion-supporting nozzle 100 is evenly distributed in the front arch and the rear arch of the combustion chamber in the waste incinerator in the circumferential direction.

The garbage incinerator provided in this embodiment uses the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, which is conducive to the full mixing of combustion-supporting air and flue gas, and promotes the burning of garbage. Of course, the waste incinerator provided in this embodiment also has other effects related to the combustion-supporting nozzle 100 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A combustion-supporting nozzle, used for a garbage incinerator, is characterized in that, comprising: a nozzle body, the nozzle body is used to be installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator; an air outlet guide, which is fixed in the nozzle body and located at the outlet of the nozzle body; Wherein, the air outlet guide divides the outlet into a plurality of outlet parts, and guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each of the outlet parts to be ejected in different directions. 2 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein the air outlet guide guides the combustion-supporting air ejected from each of the outlet portions to be ejected in a direction gradually deviating from the central axis of the outlet. 3 . 3 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the air outlet guide divides the outlet into two outlet parts. 4 . 4 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 3 , wherein the air outlet guide has a one-piece structure and is wedge-shaped; the air outlet guide is arranged in the middle of the outlet; or The air outlet guide includes two guide plates, one end of the two guide plates close to the inside of the nozzle body is fixedly connected, and the other end is away from each other; the two guide plates are connected to the outlet center axis of the nozzle body The included angles are the same or different. 5 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 1 , further comprising a baffle plate, the baffle plate is fixed in the nozzle body, and the plate surface of the baffle plate is parallel to the axial direction of the outlet; 5 . The baffle is arranged in the outlet portion. 6 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 5 , wherein the number of partitions is plural, and at least one partition is provided at each of the outlet portions. 7 . 7 . The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein the nozzle body is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the nozzle is controlled by a driving mechanism. 8 . 8. The combustion-supporting nozzle according to claim 7, wherein the nozzle body is rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber; The drive mechanism includes: a crank rocker, the middle of the crank rocker is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber; a thrust device, one end of the thrust device is hinged to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the other end is hinged to the first end of the crank rocker; A connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second end of the crank rocker, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the nozzle body. 9. A waste incinerator, characterized in that it comprises a combustion-supporting nozzle, and the combustion-supporting nozzle is the combustion-supporting nozzle according to any one of claims 1-8. 10 . The refuse incinerator according to claim 9 , wherein there are multiple combustion-supporting nozzles, and each combustion-supporting nozzle is evenly distributed in the front arch and the rear arch of the combustion chamber in the waste incinerator in the circumferential direction. 11 .

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