CN114804823A - 一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料 - Google Patents
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KXXXUIKPSVVSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K pyranine Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=C2C(O)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 KXXXUIKPSVVSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon zirconium Chemical compound [Si].[Zr] UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于耐火材料领域，具体涉及一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，所述隔热耐火材料组分及其重量百分比为：焦宝石骨料：3‑5mm：10‑15％、1‑3mm：5‑10％、0‑1mm：20‑25％；硅微粉5‑10％，蓝晶石6‑12％，α‑氧化铝5‑8％，高铝矾土粉7‑12％，水泥8‑15％，氧化铬绿3‑8％，三聚氰胺0.5‑1％，六偏氰胺0.5‑1％，漂珠2‑5％，防爆纤维1‑3％；外加水7‑12％。本发明所得耐火材料耐火度高，抗折强度和耐压强度高，线性变化率小，密度小，导热系数小，耐高温、耐冲刷、抗氧化、寿命长、性能稳定、隔热保温效果好，保证炼铁高炉送风装置安全使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域，具体涉及一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料。
背景技术
送风装置是炼铁高炉的关键设备，其设备的稳定性、保温性能关系到高炉的平稳运行、炉焦比降低和出铁率等多项指标，影响送风装置性能的核心是所使用的耐火材料，送风装置用耐火材料要求具备抗重荷软化、耐火度1790℃，还要具备耐冲刷、耐腐蚀、抗氧化、线变化率小等多项指标，传统的送风装置耐材使用棕刚玉作为骨料、α-氧化铝、高铝矾土细粉、蓝晶石等为主要原料，用纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂制成的耐火浇注料，其强度、线变化率、高温重荷软化温度等指标基本满足使用要求，但其不具备隔热性能，在高炉运行当中，其送风装置的表面温度能够达到450℃，不但造成了大量热量的流失，对员工工作环境、环境保护方面也损坏极大。因此，研究一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料及其制备方法具有重要的意义。
公开号为CN111763092A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种抗结渣高温耐磨复合材料，由刚玉细粉、磷酸二氢铝、蓝晶石、纯铝酸钙水泥、二氧化硅微粉、ρ-氧化铝、精细陶瓷粉末、镁铝尖晶石、三聚磷酸钠、防爆纤维组成。本材料具有高强度和良好的耐磨性，以抵抗固体物料的磨损和热气流的冲刷，具有优良的体积密度及稳定性和耐酸碱性，以抵抗炉内酸碱性物质的侵蚀，具有良好的热冲击稳定性，以抵抗炉温的变化对材料的破坏，具有良好的抗侵蚀能力，以避免侵蚀而引起炉衬崩裂，使用周期大大延长。公开号为CN108558376A的中国专利公开了一种高性能莫来石浇注料及其制作方法，涉及的高性能莫来石浇注料的原料组分及重量百分比为：电熔莫来石骨料65-75％、白刚玉粉10-20％、锆硅微粉1-8％、煅烧氧化铝粉2-10％、电熔纯铝酸钙水泥1-5％、蓝晶石粉2-5％、硅线石粉2-5％；锆英石粉1-6％；高性能莫来石浇注料的原料重量百分比总和为100％，高性能莫来石浇注料还外加有占原料总重量0.1-1％的纳米碳酸钙和占原料总重量0.1-0.5％的聚羧酸减水剂。该发明的浇注料同时具备高耐火度和热震稳定性且高温耐磨性能大幅提高，改善了传统浇注料的高温性能和使用性能，解决了浇注料使用过程中易剥落的问题。但是，上述专利采用刚玉作为骨料，所得耐火材料密度高，没有考虑保温性能，不适合炼铁高炉送风装置使用。
发明内容
为克服上述缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，耐高温、耐冲刷、抗氧化、寿命长、性能稳定、隔热保温效果好。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：10-15％
1-3mm：5-10％
0-1mm：20-25％
硅微粉5-10％
蓝晶石6-12％
α-氧化铝5-8％
高铝矾土粉7-12％
水泥8-15％
氧化铬绿3-8％
三聚氰胺0.5-1％
六偏氰胺0.5-1％
漂珠2-5％
防爆纤维1-3％；
外加水7-12％。
优选地，所述的焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
优选地，所述的水泥为铝酸钙水泥。
优选地，所述的α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量≥99％，粒径为0.5-3um。
优选地，所述隔热耐火材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：按所述重量百分比准备各种原料，搅拌均匀，然后浇注到送风装置钢壳里，经过烘烤后稳定，即得。
本发明的积极有益效果：
1.本发明采用焦宝石骨料、硅微粉、α-氧化铝、蓝晶石、高铝矾土粉、氧化铬绿为基料，铝酸钙水泥为结合剂，三聚氰胺、六偏氰胺为减水剂，漂珠为保温材料，防爆纤维为防爆材料，原料之间互相作用如下：
本发明焦宝石骨料在耐材中起到主要骨架作用，高温1300℃下焦宝石形成莫来石相，凝结性好，体积稳定，使耐火材料的强度高、稳定性好、导热率低，所得耐火材料具备高强度耐冲刷的质量特性下具备隔热功能；通过添加漂珠在耐材中形成微孔结构，从而降低导热率，增加保温性能，形成微孔结构后，其耐材密度有所下降，为了保证其强度，该耐火材料当中使用纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂，纯铝酸钙水泥有较高的耐火度和和稳定性，在高温下能够将基料通过相变形成陶瓷状，从而提高其强度；骨料与骨料之间的空隙除了通过不同骨料不同粒度大小来消除，耐火材料使用氧化铬绿、α-氧化铝和高铝矾土粉进行填充，α-氧化铝具有耐火度高流动性好的特点，高铝矾土粉膨胀系数小、耐火度高、化学稳定性好，填充到骨料间隙，提高了耐火材料的耐火度和稳定性，同时利用氧化铬绿的铬元素抗氧化性，达到耐腐蚀抗氧化的目的；为了耐火材料捣打流动好，以及减少加水量来控制其强度，耐火材料中增加硅微粉，来增加其流动性，通过添加三聚氰胺和六偏氰胺来增加耐材的粘稠度，便于施工；为了确保耐材的稳定性防止热冷交替出现裂纹和剥落，耐火材料通过添加蓝晶石为膨胀剂，利用蓝晶石的不可逆性，防止耐材在温度剧烈变化时的收缩和剥落，为了防止耐材急冷急热时内部离子水形成蒸汽瞬间析出而产生汽爆，加入一定量的防爆纤维，低温防爆纤维在100℃时开始融化，再耐材内部形成细微通道，以便于内部多余水份的排出。本发明各种原料合用，本发明所得耐火材料体积密度2.2-2.5g/cm3，密度小，导热系数小，保温性能优异；耐火度高达1800-1900℃，耐火度高；抗折强度和耐压强度高，力学性能优异，耐冲刷，抗氧化；线性变化率≤0.08％，线性变化率小，热稳定性高。本发明耐火材料耐高温、耐冲刷、抗氧化、寿命长、性能稳定、隔热保温效果好，保证炼铁高炉送风装置1350-1500℃条件下的安全使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合一些具体实施方式，对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：10％
1-3mm：10％
0-1mm：20％
硅微粉6％
蓝晶石12％
α-氧化铝8％
高铝矾土粉12％
铝酸钙水泥9％
氧化铬绿5％
三聚氰胺0.5％
六偏氰胺0.5％
漂珠5％
防爆纤维2％；
外加水7％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99.6％，粒径为0.5-3um。
实施例2
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：12％
1-3mm：6％
0-1mm：22％
硅微粉8％
蓝晶石10％
α-氧化铝7％
高铝矾土粉10％
铝酸钙水泥13％
氧化铬绿3％
三聚氰胺1％
六偏氰胺1％
漂珠4％
防爆纤维3％；
外加水8％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99.8％，粒径为0.5-3um。
实施例3
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：13％
1-3mm：8％
0-1mm：25％
硅微粉7％
蓝晶石11％
α-氧化铝6％
高铝矾土粉9％
铝酸钙水泥8％
氧化铬绿4％
三聚氰胺0.5％
六偏氰胺1％
漂珠4.5％
防爆纤维3％；
外加水11％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99.5％，粒径为0.5-3um。
实施例4
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：11％
1-3mm：10％
0-1mm：21％
硅微粉5％
蓝晶石7％
α-氧化铝8％
高铝矾土粉8％
铝酸钙水泥15％
氧化铬绿8％
三聚氰胺1％
六偏氰胺1％
漂珠4％
防爆纤维1％；
外加水10％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99％，粒径为0.5-3um。
实施例5
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：14％
1-3mm：9％
0-1mm：24％
硅微粉9％
蓝晶石6％
α-氧化铝5％
高铝矾土粉7％
铝酸钙水泥14％
氧化铬绿6％
三聚氰胺1％
六偏氰胺1％
漂珠2％
防爆纤维2％；
外加水12％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99.5％，粒径为0.5-3um。
实施例6
一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：15％
1-3mm：5％
0-1mm：21％
硅微粉10％
蓝晶石10％
α-氧化铝7％
高铝矾土粉10％
铝酸钙水泥10％
氧化铬绿5％
三聚氰胺0.5％
六偏氰胺0.5％
漂珠3％
防爆纤维3％；
外加水10％。
进一步地，焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
进一步地，α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量为99.2％，粒径为0.5-3um。
按本发明实施例1-6所述重量百分比准备各种原料，搅拌均匀，然后浇注到送风装置钢壳里，经过烘烤后稳定，所得隔热耐火材料性能参数如下表1示。
表1本发明炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料性能检测结果
由表1可知，本发明所得耐火材料体积密度2.2-2.5g/cm3，密度小，导热系数小，保温性能优异；耐火度高达1800-1900℃，耐火度高；抗折强度和耐压强度高，力学性能优异，耐冲刷，抗氧化；线性变化率≤0.08％，线性变化率小，热稳定性高。本发明耐火材料耐高温、耐冲刷、抗氧化、寿命长、性能稳定、隔热保温效果好，保证炼铁高炉送风装置安全使用。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换，只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.一种炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其特征在于，其组分及其重量百分比为：
焦宝石骨料：3-5mm：10-15％
1-3mm：5-10％
0-1mm：20-25％
硅微粉5-10％
蓝晶石6-12％
α-氧化铝5-8％
高铝矾土粉7-12％
水泥8-15％
氧化铬绿3-8％
三聚氰胺0.5-1％
六偏氰胺0.5-1％
漂珠2-5％
防爆纤维1-3％；
外加水7-12％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其特征在于，所述的焦宝石骨料中Al2O3含量≥47％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其特征在于，所述的水泥为铝酸钙水泥。
4.根据权利要求1所述的炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其特征在于，所述的α-氧化铝中三氧化二铝含量≥99％，粒径为0.5-3um。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的炼铁高炉送风装置用隔热耐火材料，其特征在于，所述隔热耐火材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：按所述重量百分比准备各种原料，搅拌均匀，然后浇注到送风装置钢壳里，经过烘烤后稳定，即得。
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