CN114804551A - One-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration - Google Patents
One-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009049 secondary transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration, belonging to the technical field of sludge treatment. Inputting the sludge into a double-roller machine for crushing, and inputting the crushed sludge slurry into a hydraulic cavitation wall breaking device for cracking; inputting the crushed materials into a third-level vibrating screen for screening, and collecting screened third-level oversize materials as building materials; collecting the final undersize, sequentially electrifying and direct current to the undersize to enrich heavy metal cations on the negative plate, optimally dehydrating the remainder, feeding the remainder into a carbonization furnace for carbonization, and restoring soil by using carbide. The method has the advantages of simple steps, waste utilization, good soil ecological restoration effect and wide practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a one-stop method for treating sludge and recycling the sludge for ecological restoration, which is particularly suitable for the technical field of sludge treatment.
Technical Field
The disposal of sludge is usually mainly landfilling and incineration. The landfill needs to occupy a large amount of land, the shortage of land resources is aggravated, and improper treatment may cause pollution of soil and underground water, which is limited in many aspects. The sludge usually has high water content and low heat value, and needs to be mixed with other combustible materials (such as coal, household garbage, biomass and the like) for combustion.
After the industrial revolution, the use of fossil fuels in large quantities and the change of land utilization causes CO in the atmosphere 2 And rapidly rises. Atmospheric CO 2 The absorption and fixation of (b) is one of effective ways to alleviate global warming, and the soil carbon reservoir plays an important role in alleviating global climate change, especially global climate warming, as one of important carbon reservoirs in the terrestrial ecosystem. The sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, and the sludge is properly treated and then used for the land under the background of 'carbon neutralization' and 'carbon peak reaching', so that the method has great significance in relieving the climate problem and improving the soil property.
Traditional sludge disposal is multi-station. The two-station type is taken as an example for introduction: in the first station, the generated sludge is firstly conditioned to improve the dehydration performance, and then is dehydrated to form sludge cakes with reduced water content. And then transporting the sludge cake to a second station, carrying out secondary drying in the second station to further reduce the water content and meet the incineration requirement, and then incinerating the sludge.
In the multi-station disposal method, the treated sludge needs to be transported among a plurality of stations, and therefore, the sludge transportation cost is increased. Sludge incineration also has certain requirements on the sand content of sludge, and the traditional sludge treatment also lacks a process for separating silt from sludge. The organic matters and the inorganic matters in the sludge are treated and recycled by the same method without sorting the organic matters and the inorganic matters from the sludge, so that the recycling efficiency is low.
Traditional sludge disposal is multi-station. The two-station type is taken as an example for introduction: in the first station, the generated sludge is firstly conditioned to improve the dehydration performance, and then is dehydrated to form sludge cakes with reduced water content. And then transporting the sludge cake to a second station, carrying out secondary drying in the second station to further reduce the water content and meet the incineration requirement, and then incinerating the sludge.
In the multi-station disposal method, the treated sludge needs to be transported among a plurality of stations, and therefore, the sludge transportation cost is increased.
Traditional sludge disposal is multi-station. The two-station type is taken as an example for introduction: in the first station, the generated sludge is firstly conditioned to improve the dehydration performance, and then is dehydrated to form sludge cakes with reduced water content. And then transporting the sludge cake to a second station, carrying out secondary drying in the second station to further reduce the water content and meet the incineration requirement, and then incinerating the sludge.
In the multi-station disposal method, the treated sludge needs to be transported among a plurality of stations, and therefore, the sludge transportation cost is increased. Sludge incineration also has certain requirements on the sand content of sludge, and the traditional sludge treatment also lacks a process for separating silt from sludge. The organic matters and the inorganic matters in the sludge are treated and recycled by the same method without sorting the organic matters and the inorganic matters from the sludge, so that the recycling efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the one-stop method for treating the sludge and recycling the sludge for ecological restoration is provided, so that the transportation cost among a plurality of stations is reduced; the silt and the organic matters in the sludge are effectively separated, the inorganic matters and the organic matters are respectively recycled, and the utilization efficiency of various materials is improved; the organic matters in the sludge are prepared into the biochar which is used for improving the soil of mines or gardens, and the biochar has great significance in relieving the climate problem and improving the soil property.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting the sludge into a double-roller machine, and crushing the sludge by using the double-roller machine to reduce the particle size of the sludge to 6-10 mm;
s2, inputting the crushed sludge slurry into a hydraulic cavitation wall breaking device for microbial wall breaking and colloidal particle breaking, and greatly breaking the combination of water and sludge components, thereby greatly reducing the water content of the sludge and further reducing the particle size of the sludge particles to 200-1000 mu m;
s3, inputting the sludge subjected to wall breaking into a three-stage vibrating screen for screening, wherein the first-stage vibrating screen of the three-stage vibrating screen is a 100-mesh screen, the second-stage vibrating screen is a 200-mesh screen, the third-stage vibrating screen is a 300-mesh screen, the screened three-stage oversize matters are inorganic matters mainly containing silt, and the oversize matters separated by the vibrating screen are used for road repair or building material production; collecting the final undersize, wherein the final undersize comprises organic matter and heavy metals;
s4, inputting the final undersize into a water tank containing water, arranging an alternating current and a direct current electrode in the water tank, electrifying high-frequency alternating current of 20-80kHz into the water tank to destroy chemical bonds of the undersize in the water tank, and then carrying out low-frequency direct current for not less than 2min to enrich heavy metal cations onto a negative plate, wherein the heavy metal cations comprise Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni in sludge, finally inputting the residual organic materials in the water tank into a plate-and-frame filter press, and the remainder is sludge with low heavy metal content, small particle size and no inorganic components;
s5, dehydrating the input organic material by using a plate and frame filter press to reduce the water content rate to 65%;
s6, inputting the organic material dehydrated by the plate and frame filter press into a drying machine, and further drying the organic material by adopting a disc type drying process to reduce the water content to 38%.
S7, inputting the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized product used as a soil conditioner, and applying the carbonized product to the land, so that the actual improvement effect of the carbonized material can be ensured, and the introduction of new harmful heavy metals can be avoided; one part of waste gas generated in the carbonization process is guided by a pipeline to be used in the disc drying process to provide waste heat for drying, and the other part of waste gas is treated.
The carbonization furnace comprises a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism, and a heating device is arranged on the three-stage spiral feeding mechanism;
the device comprises a barrel, a base support is arranged at the bottom of the barrel, heat supply devices are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the barrel, a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism is arranged in the barrel and specifically comprises a first-stage conveying pipeline, a second-stage conveying pipeline and a third-stage conveying pipeline which are arranged in the barrel from top to bottom, wherein the first-stage conveying pipeline extends towards the left side of the barrel, the second-stage conveying pipeline extends towards the right side of the barrel), the third-stage conveying pipeline extends towards the left side and the right side of the barrel, a feed inlet is arranged on the portion, extending towards the left side of the barrel, of the first-stage conveying pipeline, a first discharge outlet is arranged below the portion, extending towards the right side of the barrel, of the second-stage conveying pipeline, a second discharge outlet is arranged below the portion, extending towards the left side of the barrel, of the first-stage conveying pipeline is provided with a channel connected with the second-stage conveying pipeline on the left side in the barrel, the second-stage conveying pipeline is provided with a channel connected with the third-stage conveying pipeline on the right side in the cylinder; the inner shafts of the first-stage conveying pipeline, the second-stage conveying pipeline and the third-stage conveying pipeline are axially provided with rotatable screws, and the screws are provided with threads for pushing materials to move.
The screw threads on the first-stage conveying pipeline, the second-stage conveying pipeline and the third-stage conveying pipeline are arranged in opposite directions.
The threads do not need to be in contact with the pipe walls of the first-level conveying pipeline, the second-level conveying pipeline and the third-level conveying pipeline, and the distance is 3 mm.
Further, the material fed through the feeding hole is conveyed to the right side by the rotating screw rod in the primary conveying pipeline under the action of the screw threads, and is heated and carbonized in the conveying process, and the material falls into the secondary conveying pipeline after moving to a channel on the left side, which is connected with the primary conveying pipeline and the secondary conveying pipeline;
if the sludge falling into the secondary conveying pipeline is carbonized, controlling a rotating shaft in the secondary conveying pipeline to rotate reversely so as to push the sludge to the first discharge port, and finally discharging the carbonized sludge from the first discharge port; if the sludge falling into the secondary conveying pipeline needs to be continuously carbonized, the rotating shaft in the secondary conveying pipeline rotates in the positive direction to push the sludge to move to a channel connected with the secondary conveying pipeline and the third conveying pipeline;
when the continuously carbonized sludge falls into the third-stage conveying pipeline from a channel connected with the second-stage conveying pipeline and the third-stage conveying pipeline, if the sludge needs to be continuously carbonized at the moment, a rotating shaft in the third-stage conveying pipeline rotates in the positive direction, and the screw pushes the screw threads to push the sludge to move towards a third discharge port on the right side; if the sludge falling into the third-stage conveying pipeline is carbonized, the rotating shaft in the third-stage conveying pipeline rotates reversely, the sludge is pushed to move to the second discharge port through the threads, and the sludge is continuously carbonized and heated through the heating device in the moving process.
Furthermore, the length and the quantity of the conveying pipelines are modified and increased or decreased according to the material carbonization requirements, so that a discharge port is ensured to discharge qualified carbonized materials.
Has the advantages that:
the method prepares the sludge into a carbonized product which can be used as a soil conditioner and is used for improving the soil of mines or gardens, the sludge is mainly applied to the soil to increase the content of organic carbon and nutrients in the soil, and the method has great significance in relieving the climate problem and improving the soil property. The device has simple steps and low execution cost, adopts the carbonization equipment with short barrel length, but can ensure the full carbonization of the sludge. A zigzag sludge conveying pipeline is arranged in the short cylinder body to increase the length of a conveying path of sludge in the cylinder body, ensure that the sludge stays in the cylinder body for a long enough time and achieve the purpose of full carbonization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a carbonization furnace used in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a heating device; 2-a cylinder body; 3-a feed inlet; 4-threading; 5-a screw; 6-a rotating shaft; 7-a base support; 8-first-stage transportation pipeline; 9-a secondary transport pipeline; 10-three-stage transport pipeline; 11-a discharge port; 12-second discharge hole; 13-third discharge port.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present application will be further explained with reference to the drawings
As shown in fig. 1, the one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration of the present invention produces required biochar, and then improves soil by using the biochar, and comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting the sludge into a double-roller machine, and crushing the sludge by using the double-roller machine to reduce the particle size of the sludge to 6-10 mm;
s2, inputting the crushed sludge slurry into a hydraulic cavitation wall breaking device for microbial wall breaking and colloidal particle breaking, and greatly breaking the combination of water and sludge components, thereby greatly reducing the water content of the sludge and further reducing the particle size of the sludge particles to 200-1000 mu m;
s3, inputting the sludge subjected to wall breaking into a three-stage vibrating screen for screening, wherein the first-stage vibrating screen of the three-stage vibrating screen is a 100-mesh screen, the second-stage vibrating screen is a 200-mesh screen, the third-stage vibrating screen is a 300-mesh screen, the screened three-stage oversize matters are inorganic matters mainly containing silt, and the oversize matters separated by the vibrating screen are used for road repair or building material production; collecting the final undersize, wherein the final undersize comprises organic matter and heavy metals;
s4, inputting the final undersize into a water tank containing water, arranging an alternating current and a direct current electrode in the water tank, electrifying high-frequency alternating current of 20-80kHz into the water tank to destroy chemical bonds of the undersize in the water tank, and then carrying out low-frequency direct current for not less than 2min to enrich heavy metal cations onto a negative plate, wherein the heavy metal cations comprise Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni in sludge, finally inputting the residual organic materials in the water tank into a plate-and-frame filter press, and the remainder is sludge with low heavy metal content, small particle size and no inorganic components;
s5, dehydrating the input organic material by using a plate and frame filter press to reduce the water content rate to 65%;
s6, inputting the organic material dehydrated by the plate and frame filter press into a drying machine, and further drying the organic material by adopting a disc type drying process to reduce the water content to 38%.
S7, the dried material is input into a carbonization furnace to be carbonized to obtain a biochar product used as a soil conditioner, and the carbonized product is used for the land, so that the actual improvement effect of the carbonized material can be ensured, and the introduction of new harmful heavy metals can be avoided; one part of waste gas generated in the carbonization process is guided by a pipeline to be used in the disc drying process to provide waste heat for drying, and the other part of waste gas is treated.
As shown in fig. 2, the carbonization furnace of the present invention includes a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism, on which a heating device is provided;
the spiral feeding device comprises a barrel body 2, a base support 7 is arranged at the bottom of the barrel body 2, a heating device 1 is respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the barrel body 2, a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism is arranged in the barrel body 2 and specifically comprises a first-stage conveying pipeline 8, a second-stage conveying pipeline 9 and a third-stage conveying pipeline 10 which are arranged in the barrel body 2 from top to bottom, wherein the first-stage conveying pipeline 8 extends towards the left side of the barrel body 2, the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 extends towards the right side of the barrel body 2, the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 extends towards the left and the right sides of the barrel body 2, a feeding hole 3 is arranged on the first-stage conveying pipeline 8 towards the left side of the barrel body 2, a first discharging hole is arranged below the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 towards the right side of the barrel body 2, a third discharging hole is arranged below the part of the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 extending towards the left side of the barrel body 2, and a second discharging hole is arranged below the part extending towards the right side, the first-stage conveying pipeline 8 is provided with a channel connected with the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 at the left side in the cylinder 2, and the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 is provided with a channel connected with the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 at the right side in the cylinder 2; the inner shafts of the first-stage conveying pipeline 8, the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 and the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 are axially provided with a rotatable screw 6, and the screw 6 is provided with a thread 4 for pushing materials to move.
The first-stage conveying pipeline 8, the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 and the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 are arranged in a mode that the directions of the threads 4 of the screw rods 6 are opposite. The threads 4 do not need to be contacted with the pipe walls of the first-stage conveying pipeline 8, the second-stage conveying pipeline 9 and the third-stage conveying pipeline 10, and the distance is 3 mm.
The carbonization furnace adopted by the invention is a screw type sludge carbonization furnace, and the transportation path (residence time) of sludge in the cylinder body 2 is increased through the first-stage transportation pipeline 8, the second-stage transportation pipeline 9 and the third-stage transportation pipeline 10, so that the sludge is heated for a sufficient time. The screw thread 4 rotates to push the sludge to move, and simultaneously, the sludge is also turned over, so that the sludge can be heated uniformly.
The heating device 1 makes the temperature inside the cylinder 2 reach the temperature required for carbonization. The dried sludge enters the carbonization device from the feed inlet 3. The rotating shaft 6 in the first-stage conveying pipeline 8 rotates to drive the screw rod 5 in the pipeline to rotate, the thread 4 also rotates along with the rotating shaft, and the sludge is pushed to move towards the connecting port of the first-stage conveying pipeline and the second-stage conveying pipeline.
After the sludge falls into a secondary conveying pipeline 9 from a primary conveying pipeline 8 stage, if the sludge needs to be continuously carbonized at the moment, a rotating shaft 6 in the secondary conveying pipeline 9 rotates to drive a screw rod 5 in the pipeline to rotate, a thread 4 also rotates along with the rotation, and the sludge is pushed to move to a connecting port of the secondary conveying pipeline and a tertiary conveying pipeline; if the sludge is carbonized at the moment, the rotating shaft 6 in the secondary conveying pipeline 9 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the screw 5 in the pipeline to rotate in the opposite direction, the thread 4 also rotates in the opposite direction, and the sludge is pushed to move to the discharge port 11.
After the sludge falls into the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 from the second-stage conveying pipeline 9, if the sludge needs to be continuously carbonized at the moment, the rotating shaft 6 in the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 rotates to drive the screw 5 in the pipeline to rotate, the thread 4 also rotates along with the screw, and the sludge is pushed to move to the No. three discharge hole 13; if the sludge is carbonized at the moment, the rotating shaft 6 in the third-stage conveying pipeline 10 rotates in the opposite direction to drive the screw 5 in the pipeline to rotate in the opposite direction, the thread 4 also rotates in the opposite direction, and the sludge is pushed to move to the No. II discharge hole 12.
The carbonized product obtained by the method is used as a soil conditioner for soil improvement. When the application amount of the improver is 10% of the soil mass, the relevant parameters before and after soil improvement are shown in the following tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 Pre-improvement soil-related parameters
TABLE 2 soil related parameters after improvement
The data show that the application of the carbonized product improves the content of nutrient elements (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium are increased) and the content of organic carbon in the soil, and has better promotion effect on the growth and development of plants. In addition, the organic carbon content of the soil is increased, which shows that the carbon fixing capacity of the soil is enhanced, the emission of greenhouse gases from the soil to the atmosphere is reduced, and the soil plays a positive role in relieving global warming.
Claims (6)
1. A one-stop method for sludge treatment and resource utilization for ecological restoration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, inputting the sludge into a double-roller machine, and crushing the sludge by using the double-roller machine to reduce the particle size of the sludge to 6-10 mm;
s2, inputting the crushed sludge slurry into a hydraulic cavitation wall breaking device for microbial wall breaking and colloidal particle breaking, and greatly breaking the combination of water and sludge components, thereby greatly reducing the water content of the sludge and further reducing the particle size of the sludge particles to 200-1000 mu m;
s3, inputting the sludge subjected to wall breaking into a three-stage vibrating screen for screening, wherein the first-stage vibrating screen of the three-stage vibrating screen is a 100-mesh screen, the second-stage vibrating screen is a 200-mesh screen, the third-stage vibrating screen is a 300-mesh screen, the screened three-stage oversize matters are inorganic matters mainly containing silt, and the oversize matters separated by the vibrating screen are used for road repair or building material production; collecting the final undersize, wherein the final undersize comprises organic matter and heavy metals;
s4, inputting the final undersize into a water tank containing water, arranging an alternating current electrode and a direct current electrode in the water tank, electrifying high-frequency alternating current of 20-80kHz into the water tank to destroy chemical bonds of the undersize in the water tank, and then carrying out low-frequency direct current for not less than 2min to enrich heavy metal cations onto a negative plate, wherein the heavy metal cations comprise Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni in sludge, and finally inputting the residual organic materials in the water tank into a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein the residual is sludge with low heavy metal content, small particle size and no inorganic component;
s5, dehydrating the input organic material by using a plate and frame filter press to reduce the water content rate to 65%;
s6, inputting the organic material dehydrated by the plate and frame filter press into a drying machine, and further drying the organic material by adopting a disc type drying process to reduce the water content to 38%.
S7, inputting the dried material into a carbonization furnace for carbonization to obtain a carbonized product used as a soil conditioner, and applying the carbonized product to the land, so that the actual improvement effect of the carbonized material can be ensured, and the introduction of new harmful heavy metals can be avoided; one part of waste gas generated in the carbonization process is guided by a pipeline to be used in the disc drying process to provide waste heat for drying, and the other part of waste gas is treated.
2. The one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein: the carbonization furnace comprises a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism, and a heating device is arranged on the three-stage spiral feeding mechanism;
the spiral feeding device comprises a barrel (2), a base support (7) is arranged at the bottom of the barrel (2), a heat supply device (1) is arranged at the top and the bottom of the barrel (2) respectively, a three-stage spiral feeding mechanism is arranged inside the barrel (2), the spiral feeding device specifically comprises a first-stage conveying pipeline (8), a second-stage conveying pipeline (9) and a third-stage conveying pipeline (10) which are arranged in the barrel (2) from top to bottom, wherein the first-stage conveying pipeline (8) extends towards the left side of the barrel (2), the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) extends towards the right side of the barrel (2)), the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) extends towards the left side of the barrel (2), a feed inlet (3) is formed in the first-stage conveying pipeline (8) towards the left side of the barrel (2), a first discharge outlet is formed in the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) towards the lower side of the right side of the barrel (2), and a third discharge outlet is formed in the lower part of the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) extending towards the left side of the barrel (2), a second discharge hole is formed below the part extending to the right side, a channel connected with a second-stage conveying pipeline (9) is formed in the left side of the first-stage conveying pipeline (8) in the barrel body (2), and a channel connected with a third-stage conveying pipeline (10) is formed in the right side of the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) in the barrel body (2); the inner shafts of the first-stage conveying pipeline (8), the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) and the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) are axially provided with a screw rod (6) capable of rotating, and the screw rod (6) is provided with a thread (4) for pushing materials to move.
3. The one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to claim 2, wherein: the direction of the screw thread (4) of the screw rod (6) on the first-stage conveying pipeline (8), the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) and the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) is opposite.
4. The one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to claim 2, wherein: the threads (4) are not required to be contacted with the pipe walls of the first-stage conveying pipeline (8), the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) and the third-stage conveying pipeline (10), and the distance is 3 mm.
5. The one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to claim 2, wherein:
the screw (6) rotating in the primary conveying pipeline (8) conveys the material fed through the feed inlet (3) to the right side under the action of the screw thread (4), and heats and carbonizes the material in the conveying process, and the material falls into the secondary conveying pipeline (9) after moving to a channel connecting the primary conveying pipeline (8) on the left side and the secondary conveying pipeline (9);
if the sludge falling into the secondary conveying pipeline (9) is carbonized, controlling a rotating shaft (6) in the secondary conveying pipeline (9) to rotate reversely so as to push the sludge to the first discharge port (11), and finally discharging the carbonized sludge from the first discharge port (11); if the sludge falling into the secondary conveying pipeline (9) needs to be continuously carbonized, the rotating shaft (6) in the secondary conveying pipeline (9) rotates in the positive direction to push the sludge to move towards a channel connecting the secondary conveying pipeline (9) and the third conveying pipeline (10);
when the continuously carbonized sludge falls into the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) from a channel connecting the second-stage conveying pipeline (9) and the third-stage conveying pipeline (10), if the sludge needs to be continuously carbonized at the moment, a rotating shaft (6) in the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) rotates forwards, and a screw (5) pushes a thread (4) to push the sludge to move towards a third discharge hole (13) on the right side; if the sludge falling into the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) is carbonized, the rotating shaft (6) in the third-stage conveying pipeline (10) rotates reversely, the sludge is pushed to move to the second discharge port (12) through the threads (4), and the sludge is continuously carbonized and heated through the heat supply device (1) in the moving process.
6. The one-stop method for sludge disposal and resource utilization for ecological restoration according to claim 5, wherein: the length and the quantity of the conveying pipelines are modified and increased or decreased according to the material carbonization requirements, so that a discharge port is ensured to discharge qualified carbonized materials.
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| CN116813173A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Resource utilization method for submarine mining soil |
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