CN114793655B - Cutting method of S.tepa - Google Patents
Cutting method of S.tepa Download PDFInfo
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- CN114793655B CN114793655B CN202210615065.1A CN202210615065A CN114793655B CN 114793655 B CN114793655 B CN 114793655B CN 202210615065 A CN202210615065 A CN 202210615065A CN 114793655 B CN114793655 B CN 114793655B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cutting method of S.similis, which belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and comprises the following steps of (1) collecting branches of S.similis for disinfection; (2) Pretreating the sterilized tender branch in the step (1) to obtain a cutting seedling; (3) Cutting the cutting seedlings in a seedbed of a cutting matrix formed by mixing perlite, garden soil, plant ash and cotton seed powder; (4) And obtaining the seedling culture after the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting. The invention provides a cutting method of Stefan ilex, and the Stefan ilex prepared by the method has the advantages of high survival rate, short growth cycle, good genetic stability and suitability for large-scale popularization and planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a cutting method of S.tepa.
Background
The Holly-Fenilex belongs to evergreen arbor, is a good variety cultivated in the national plant garden of the United states, is a hybrid of Holly ilex and Chinese holly, and has a cultivation history of hundreds of years in the United states. The leaves are glossy, dark green and the front part is thorn. The method has the advantages that the fruiting period is large, the fruiting period is late, the fruiting time is long, the color is bright red, birds are favored to eat in winter, the height of an adult big tree is 6-8 meters, the crown is naturally conical, the crown width can reach 4 meters, and the method is suitable for being used as a street tree, a garden landscape tree, a hedge, a Christmas tree, a bonsai model and the like, is hard, and is suitable for being used as artwork carving.
The Stefan holly has wide suitable area, is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-tolerant and barren-tolerant, is an eco-friendly tree species, and can be used as a honey source and winter foods for birds. The growth is rapid, and the chest diameter of the five-year-old nursery stock can reach 6-8 cm. Pruning resistance and seedling shaping are suitable; less pest and disease damage, and is suitable for maintenance. The hermaphrodite plants can self-pollinate and bear fruits, and have large fruit quantity, gorgeous colors, strong dryness and no lodging. In order to enrich the tree species resources of the forest in China and meet the market demand, a cutting method of the Sidi ilex purpurea is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutting method of the wintergreen with the aim of solving the problems.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cutting method of S.tebufenensis, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting branches of the Holly clear and disinfecting;
(2) Pretreating the sterilized tender branch in the step (1) to obtain a cutting seedling;
(3) Cutting the cutting seedlings in a seedbed of a cutting matrix formed by mixing perlite, garden soil, plant ash and cotton seed powder;
(4) Obtaining cultivation seedlings after the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting;
wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, and the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until the cutting seedlings enter the second stage after rooting; and a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8 hours per day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts of the cutting seedlings are sent out; and a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, and the cultivation of the seedlings is stopped after the main stems of the cutting seedlings are lignified.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the step (1) of collecting the twigs of the Simonad ilex rotunda is specifically to collecting twigs of the Simonad ilex rotunda which are current in year, healthy and free of any diseases and insects, have buds and have not been lignified.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the pretreatment in the step (2) comprises the following specific steps: cutting the collected ilex latifolia branches into 5-8 cm pieces with length of 1-2 knots, retaining the above buds and 1-2 leaves at the top, and soaking in growth promoting culture medium.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the growth promoting culture medium comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA0.4-0.8mg/L+NAA0.4-1.2 mg/L+20 g/L of sugar+5 g/L of agar.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the WPM culture medium contains components including 370mg/L MgSO4、950mg/L K2SO4、170mg/L KH2PO4 、400mg/L NH4NO3、556 mg/L Ca(NO3)2·4H2O、72mg/L CaCl2、16.9mg/L MnSO4、8.6mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、6.2mg/L H3BO3、0.25mg/L Na2MoO4、0.25mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、37.3mg/L Na2-EDTA、27.8mg/L FeSO4·7H2O、2mg/L glycine, 1.0mg/L thiamine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L nicotinic acid and 100mg/L inositol.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the cutting season of the step (3) is 7 months in summer.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the matrix in the step (3) is prepared from perlite, garden soil, plant ash and cotton seed powder according to a volume ratio of 1:3: (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.3) and mixing.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, in the step (4), in the third stage, the outside environment air is introduced every day, and 1500 times of diluent of the mixture of the equal volume of the chlorpyrifos and the prochloraz is sprayed once in the morning and evening.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a cutting method of Stefan ilex, and the Stefan ilex prepared by the method has the advantages of high survival rate, disease and insect resistance, short growth period, good growth stability and suitability for large-scale popularization and planting.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further illustrating the application only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as various insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application to those skilled in the art can be made in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a cutting method of the ilex latifolia, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting the branches of the Holly-fragrant holly, namely collecting the branches of the Holly-fragrant holly which are grown in the current year, are healthy and have no diseases and insects, have buds and are not lignified, and placing the branches into a 450-550-time diluted carbendazim solution for disinfection;
(2) Cutting the sterilized tender branch in the step (1) into 5-8 cm containing 1-2 knots, reserving the buds and 1-2 leaves at the top end, soaking the tender branch in a growth promoting culture medium for 10min, wherein the growth promoting culture medium comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA0.8mg/L+NAA0.8mg/L+20 g/L of white sugar and 5g/L of agar, so as to obtain cutting seedlings; wherein the WPM culture medium contains 370mg/LMgSO4、950mg/LK2SO4、170mg/LKH2PO4 、400mg/LNH4NO3、556 mg/LCa(NO3)2.4H2O、72mg/LCaCl2、16.9mg/LMnSO4、8.6mg/LZnSO4.7H2O、6.2mg/LH3BO3、0.25mg/LNa2MoO4、0.25mg/LCuSO4.5H2O、37.3mg/LNa2-EDTA、27.8mg/LFeSO4.7H2O、2mg/L glycine, 1.0mg/L thiamine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L nicotinic acid and 100mg/L inositol.
(3) Preferably 7 months in summer, cutting the cutting seedlings in a volume ratio of 1:3:0.8:0.5, mixing the two materials into a seedbed of a cutting matrix;
(4) Obtaining cultivation seedlings after the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting;
Wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until 20-45 d cutting seedlings root, and then the second stage is carried out; and a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8 hours per day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts are sent out from 60-90 d cutting seedlings; and a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, and the cultivation is stopped after the main stems of the cuttage seedlings are lignified for 120-150 days.
The conditions of the seedbed daily in the third stage are shown in the table:
example 2
Except that the growth promoting culture medium in the step (2) comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA 0.6mg/L+NAA 0.8 mg/L+20 g/L white sugar+5 g/L agar;
(4) Obtaining cultivation seedlings after the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting;
Wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until the rooting of the cuttage seedlings for 30-60 d, and then the second stage is carried out; and a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8 hours per day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts are sent out from 90-120 d cutting seedlings; and a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, and the cultivation is stopped until the main stems of the cutting seedlings are lignified for 135-165 days;
The rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
Except that the growth promoting culture medium in the step (2) comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA 0.4mg/L+NAA 1.2 mg/L+20 g/L white sugar+5 g/L agar;
Wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until 15-25 d cutting seedlings root, and then the second stage is carried out; and a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8h each day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts are sent out from 45-80 d cutting seedlings; and a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, and the cultivation is stopped until the main stems of the cutting seedlings are lignified for 105-135 days;
The rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
Except for the third stage in the step (4), the third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, the outside environment air is introduced every day, and 1500 times of diluent of the mixture of the chlorfluazuron and the prochloraz with the same volume is sprayed once in the morning and at the evening respectively until the main stems of the cutting seedlings are lignified, and the cultivation seedlings are stopped to be obtained. The rest of the procedure is the same as in example 3.
Example 5
Dividing step (3): preferably 7 months in summer, cutting the cutting seedlings in a volume ratio of 1:3:0.8:0.2, mixing the two materials into a seedbed of a cutting matrix; the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 1
Except that the growth promoting culture medium in the step (2) comprises WPM+IBA0.4mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+20 g/L white sugar+5 g/L agar;
(4) Obtaining cultivation seedlings after the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting;
Wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until the rooting of the cutting seedlings for 30-45 d, and then the second stage is carried out; and a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8 hours per day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts of 105-135 d cutting seedlings are sent out; and a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, and the cultivation is stopped until the main stems of the cuttage seedlings are lignified for 150-180 days;
the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
Dividing step (3): preferably 7 months in summer, cutting the cutting seedlings in a volume ratio of 1:3, mixing the mixed cutting substrates into a seedbed of the cutting substrate; the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3
Dividing step (4): after cutting, the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, and the illumination intensity of 5000Lux per day is irradiated for 14h for 6-8 months to obtain the cultivation seedlings;
the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 3.
The cutting seedlings cultivated in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were transplanted to natural environments.
And (3) survival rate test: observing the survival condition of 50 cutting seedlings cultivated in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 after being transplanted into natural environment for 3 months, and recording the survival rate;
As can be seen from the above tables in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1, the content variation of specific components in the growth promoting medium composition 1/2 WPM +IBA0.4-0.8mg/L+NAA0.4-1.2 mg/L+20 g/L sugar+5 g/L agar affects the survival rate of the winter green cuttings, and the survival rate is highest when the growth promoting medium composition comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA0.4mg/L+NAA1.2 mg/L+20 g/L white sugar+5 g/L agar, and example 3; by comparing the example 3 with the example 4, the survival rate of the example 4 is higher than that of the example 3, and it is presumed that in the example 4, insect pest prevention measures can be taken in the cutting process, so that the survival rate is increased; by comparing comparative example 2 with example 3, it was found that comparative example 2 had a low survival rate, presumably due to the increase in the survival rate of ilex due to the difference in culture medium; by comparing the comparative example 3 with the example 3, the same illumination, humidity and temperature are adopted all the time in the comparative example 3, so that the ilex latifolia seedlings are not easy to survive when transplanted to the external environment.
And (3) testing disease and insect damage, namely selecting winter green seedlings which survive after being transplanted into natural environment for two months, wherein 50 plants of the cuttage seedlings cultivated in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 are contacted with red spiders, aphids and winter green leaves suffering from brown leaf diseases, and recording the survival condition of the winter green seedlings after 15 days.
As can be seen from the above table, example 4 is an optimal example of disease and pest resistance, the wintergreen seedlings in the test groups of examples 1-3 are similar in disease and pest resistance, but there are some fluctuations in example 2, presumably due to the influence of IBA in the culture medium, and it can be seen from comparison of example 2 and example 3 and example 5 that the influence of matrix soil is presumed.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The cutting method of the wintergreen is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Collecting the branches of the Sidi holly, placing the branches in a 450-550-time diluted carbendazim solution for disinfection;
(2) Pretreating the sterilized tender branch in the step (1) to obtain a cutting seedling, wherein the pretreatment is as follows: cutting the collected wintergreen branches into 5-8 cm containing 1-2 knots, reserving the buds and 1-2 leaves at the top end, and soaking the branches in a growth promoting culture medium for 10min, wherein the growth promoting culture medium comprises 1/2 WPM +IBA0.4mg/L+NAA 1.2mg/L+20 g/L of white sugar+5 g/L of agar;
(3) Cutting the cutting seedlings in a volume ratio of 1 comprising perlite, garden soil, plant ash and cotton seed powder in a cutting season of 7 months in summer: 3:0.8:0.5, mixing the two materials into a seedbed of a cutting matrix;
(4) Culturing in the first stage, the second stage and the third stage after cutting to obtain culture seedlings;
Wherein, the first stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 30-35 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 100%, the illumination intensity of 2500Lux per day is irradiated for 14 hours until 15-25 d cutting seedlings root, and then the second stage is carried out;
And a second stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 25-30 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is reduced to 50% at a rate of 3%/d, the illumination intensity is enhanced to 100000Lux/d at a rate of 1500Lux/d, the irradiation time is 8h each day, and the seedbed enters a third stage after a large number of sprouts are sent out from 45-80 d cutting seedlings;
And a third stage: the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25 ℃, the humidity of the seedbed is 50-100%, the illumination intensity of 2500-100000Lux per day is irradiated for 12 hours, the outside environment air is introduced every day, and 1500 times of diluent of the mixture of the chlorfluazuron and the prochloraz with the same volume is sprayed once in the morning and at the evening respectively until the main stems of the cutting seedlings are lignified, and the cultivation seedlings are obtained.
2. The cutting method of the wintergreen according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is characterized in that the step of collecting the branches of the wintergreen is specifically collecting the branches of the wintergreen which are current in year, healthy, free of any diseases and insects, have buds and have not been lignified.
3. A cutting method of wintergreen according to claim 1, characterized in that the WPM medium contains ingredients including 370mg/L MgSO4、950mg/L K2SO4、170mg/L KH2PO4 、400mg/L NH4NO3、556 mg/L Ca(NO3)2.4H2O、72mg/L CaCl2、16.9mg/L MnSO4、8.6mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、6.2mg/L H3BO3、0.25mg/L Na2MoO4、0.25mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、37.3mg/L Na2-EDTA、27.8mg/L FeSO4·7H2O、2mg/L glycine, 1.0mg/L thiamine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.5mg/L niacin, 100mg/L inositol.
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