CN114776469A - Axisymmetric spray tube - Google Patents

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of aviation gas turbines, and particularly relates to an axisymmetric nozzle, wherein a plurality of actuating cylinders are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the axisymmetric nozzle, and actuating shafts of the actuating cylinders are hinged with a same adjusting ring; the rear end of the cylinder body is hinged with convergence adjusting sheets which are distributed circumferentially, and the rear end of each convergence adjusting sheet is hinged with an expansion adjusting sheet; the convergence adjustment piece is articulated with the adjustable ring through the convergence pull rod, and the articulated a plurality of fixed pull rods of outside circumference of barrel, fixed pull rod articulate same support ring, and the rear end of expansion adjustment piece articulates through the cylinder pair has outer adjustment piece, and the outer adjustment piece other end is articulated with the support ring, and the expansion adjustment piece is articulated with the support ring through the expansion pull rod, and the synchro control of spray tube can be realized to this application to simple structure saves space.

Description

an axisymmetric nozzle

technical field

The application belongs to the field of aviation gas turbines, and particularly relates to an axisymmetric nozzle.

Background technique

Axisymmetric retracting and expanding nozzles are still the most widely used type of nozzles due to their good thrust characteristics. The inner flow channel of the nozzle is formed by superimposing each other, and the actuating system changes the opening of the converging section regulating sheet/sealing sheet and the expanding section regulating sheet/sealing sheet through the adjusting mechanism, and then adjusts the throat area and the outlet area. There are many schemes for the actuation system and adjustment mechanism of the adjustable axisymmetric retracting and expanding nozzle. The selection of the scheme depends on the requirements of the aircraft and engine on the performance parameters of the nozzle, the limit of the maximum outline size, the traditional mature design method, The maturity of the accessories of the actuating system can be basically divided into two categories: one is double-ring adjustment, that is, the nozzle has two sets of actuating systems, which adjust the throat area and outlet area respectively; the other is single-ring adjustment. Adjustment, that is, the adjustment of the throat area and the outlet area share a set of actuation systems. The nozzle of the single-ring adjustment scheme has only one set of actuation systems, which is mainly used to adjust the throat area of the nozzle. The outlet area is generally determined by mechanical positioning or a combination of mechanical positioning and pneumatic positioning. The mechanical positioning of the outlet area is realized by a set of follow-up mechanism, which is a four-bar linkage mechanism composed of an expansion section, a convergent section and a tie rod. While adjusting the throat area, the outlet area also changes accordingly. The linkage must be optimized in the design to take into account all flight states and maintain high thrust characteristics in the main state. The advantages of this method are that the structure and adjustment are simple and the weight is lighter.

The actuation system of the axisymmetric nozzle is usually placed on the afterburner cylinder, and the actuation system is evenly arranged on the circumference of the cylinder body, occupying a long axial space of the cylinder body; the axial length of the conventional afterburner body is longer , There is ample space for the arrangement of the nozzle actuation system. However, as the function of the engine becomes more and more complex, and there are more and more adjustable structures, other flow channel area adjustment mechanisms also need to be arranged on the afterburner cylinder. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a more concise axisymmetric nozzle control mechanism. In order to adapt to new demands; at the same time, with the continuous requirement of lightweight aero-engines, the demand for a nozzle control mechanism with a simple structure and lighter weight is more urgent. , or there will be a situation where the actuator loses force, causing the adjustment piece to be unable to move individually, which will affect the normal flight of the aircraft.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides an axisymmetric nozzle, which includes a cylinder body, a plurality of actuating cylinders are circumferentially installed on the outer side of the cylinder body, and the actuating cylinders of the actuating cylinders are all hinged to the same adjusting ring; the rear end of the cylinder body There are circumferentially distributed convergence adjustment pieces hinged, and the rear end of each convergence adjustment piece is hinged with an expansion adjustment piece; the expansion adjustment piece is hinged with the adjustment ring through the expansion pull rod, and the convergence adjustment piece is hinged in turn through the convergence pull rod, rocker arm, short pull rod It is hinged with the adjustment ring, the rocker arm is also hinged with the cylinder body through the bracket, the rear end of the expansion adjustment piece is hinged with the outer adjustment piece through the cylinder pair, the outer side of the cylinder body is hinged with a plurality of fixed pull rods in the circumferential direction, and the fixed pull rod is hinged with the same support ring. The rear end of the expansion adjustment piece is hinged with an outer adjustment piece through a cylinder pair, and the other end of the outer adjustment piece is hinged with the support ring.

Preferably, the edges between two adjacent outer adjustment sheets are stacked on top of each other.

Preferably, the rear ends of the expansion adjustment piece and the outer adjustment piece are serrated.

Preferably, the number of the actuators is 0.1 to 0.5 of the number of the convergence adjustment pieces.

Preferably, the cylinders are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

Preferably, there is a converging segment limiter between the angle between each converging adjustment piece and the converging pull rod, and the converging segment limiter contacts the converging adjusting piece and the converging pull rod after reaching a preset angle to realize the limit.

Preferably, there is an expansion section limiter between each expansion adjustment piece and the expansion rod, and the expansion section limiter contacts the expansion adjustment piece and the expansion rod after reaching a preset angle to achieve the limit.

Preferably, the edges of two adjacent convergence adjustment sheets and two adjacent expansion adjustment sheets are stacked on each other.

Preferably, a sealing sheet is provided at the edge stacking of two adjacent convergence adjustment sheets and two adjacent expansion adjustment sheets.

The advantages of the present application include: through a plurality of actuators evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, a plurality of acting forces are linked into a unified and synchronous force through an adjusting ring, so that the accidental situation of the actuators can prevent the individual adjusting pieces from being unable to operate according to the normal operation. The situation is running, and in the actual process, the adjustment piece is different due to individual differences. The movement effect of the adjustment piece is different under the same actuator. The support ring can unify the size of the force, and can still be used normally when the individual actuators applaud. . Reduce the number of actuators and save the space occupied by the nozzle actuation system for the afterburner cylinder; reduce the number of connecting pipes for the actuators to improve the assemblability; simplify the nozzle control mechanism, reduce the number of parts, and make the nozzle lighter. light.

The support ring is connected by installing a plurality of fixed tie rods in the circumferential direction, and the fixed tie rod has the degree of freedom to rotate along the radial direction of the cylinder, so that the support ring can form a fixed annular support, and the thrust received by the support ring can become fixed. The compressive stress of the tie rod can reduce the damage caused by the shear stress; at the same time, when the support ring is subjected to the tensile stress from the tie rod, the tensile stress can form the compressive stress inside the support ring through the support ring.

The adjustable pull rod is hinged with the adjustment ring, and the relative movement between the expansion adjustment piece and the outer adjustment piece is carried out through the cylindrical pair. The mechanism can output torque more effectively and control the rod length relationship and motion relationship of the adjustment piece. At the same time, the adjustment ring is hinged to the rocker arm, the rocker arm is hinged to the short tie rod, and the short tie rod is hinged to converge the adjustment piece, and the rocker arm is hinged with the cylinder to bear the movement. The lateral force is formed during the process, and the thrust of the actuator is transformed into a force perpendicular to the convergence adjustment piece, which greatly reduces the pressure angle and improves the force efficiency of the convergence adjustment piece.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the control mechanism of the axisymmetric retracting and expanding nozzle;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axisymmetric narrowing and expanding nozzle;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axisymmetric narrowing and expanding nozzle;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of axisymmetric retracting and expanding nozzles;

Among them, 1-cylinder; 2-actuator mounting seat; 3-actuator; 4-adjustment ring; 5-support; 6-rocker arm; 7-short tie rod; 8-convergence tie rod; 9-expansion tie rod; 10-convergence adjustment sheet; 11-expansion adjustment sheet; 12-outer adjustment sheet; 13-convergence sealing sheet; 14-expansion sealing sheet; 15-convergence section limiter; 16-expansion section limiter; 17-expansion section Limiter; 18-support ring; 19-fixed rod; A-external adjustment piece hinge point; B-expansion rod hinge point; C-short rod hinge point.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numbers refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to be used to explain the present application, but should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, an axisymmetric shrinking and expanding nozzle control mechanism is characterized in that the steps for realizing the above design are as follows:

Determine the structure and composition scheme of the axially symmetrical retracting and expanding nozzle; the axially symmetrical retracting and expanding nozzle mainly includes the cylinder body 1, the actuator mounting seat 2, the actuator 3, the adjusting ring 4, the bracket 5, the rocker arm 6, the short tie rod 7 , Convergence rod 8, expansion rod 9, convergence adjustment sheet 10, expansion adjustment sheet 11, outer adjustment sheet 12, convergence sealing sheet 13, expansion sealing sheet 14, convergence section limiter 15, expansion section limiter 16, expansion section It is composed of a stopper 17, a support ring 18, a fixed pull rod 19 and other parts.

The number of cylinder body 1, adjusting ring 4, and support ring 18 is 1; the number of actuator mounting seat 2 and actuator 3 is 3, which are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; bracket 5, rocker arm 6, short pull rod 7, expansion pull rod 9. Convergence adjustment sheet 10, expansion adjustment sheet 11, outer adjustment sheet 12, convergence sealing sheet 13, expansion sealing sheet 14, convergence section limiter 15, expansion section limiter 16, expansion section limiter 17, fixed pull rod The number of 19 is 15, and the circumferential direction is evenly arranged; the number of convergent tie rods is 30;

The movement principle of the nozzle control mechanism is as follows: the actuator drives the adjustment ring, the adjustment ring drives the short tie rod, the short tie rod drives the rocker arm, the rocker arm drives the convergence rod, and the convergence rod drives the movement of the convergence adjustment piece, so as to realize the adjustment of the nozzle throat area. Control; the adjustment ring drives the expansion rod, and the expansion rod drives the expansion adjustment piece, so as to realize the adjustment of the outlet area; one end of the outer adjustment piece is slidably connected with the expansion adjustment piece, and one end is hinged with the support ring, and the outer adjustment piece moves with the movement of the expansion adjustment piece .

In order to improve radar stealth performance, the expansion adjustment sheet and the outlet of the outer adjustment sheet are designed with sawtooth modification; the outer adjustment sheet is superimposed between two adjacent sheets;

A convergence sealing sheet is placed between two adjacent convergence adjustment sheets, and the limiter on the convergence sealing sheet is hung on the two adjustment sheets to limit the position; an expansion sealing sheet is placed between two adjacent expansion adjustment sheets, and the expansion sealing sheet is placed on the The limiter hangs on the two expansion adjustment sheets to limit the position;

The rocker arm is fixed by the bracket, the same rocker arm is connected with two convergence rods, and the two convergence rods are respectively connected with the adjacent convergence adjustment pieces. The rocker arm can only be rotated, so this solution has a strong mechanical synchronization function;

The load of the outer adjustment sheet can be effectively transmitted to the cylinder through the support ring, so that the load of the adjustment ring is only affected by the load of the inner flow path, and the load on the actuator is more single, which can effectively improve the control reliability of the actuator.

The support ring only acts as a support for one end of the outer adjustment sheet, so the support ring is only affected by the external load. Since the design of the support ring is only affected by the external load, the structural design variables are reduced and the design difficulty is reduced.

Through a plurality of actuators evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, a plurality of acting forces are linked into a unified and synchronous force through an adjustment ring, which can prevent the accidental situation of the actuators from causing individual adjustment pieces to fail to operate according to normal conditions, and in practice During the process, due to individual differences, different adjustment pieces have different movement effects under the same actuator. The support ring can unify the force and can still be used normally when individual actuators applaud. Reduce the number of actuators and save the space occupied by the nozzle actuation system for the afterburner cylinder; reduce the number of connecting pipes for the actuators to improve the assemblability; simplify the nozzle control mechanism, reduce the number of parts, and make the nozzle lighter. light.

By installing a plurality of fixed tie rods in the circumferential direction, the support ring is connected, and the fixed tie rod has the degree of freedom to rotate along the radial direction of the cylinder, so that the support ring can form a fixed annular support, and the thrust received by the support ring can become fixed. The compressive stress of the tie rod can reduce the damage caused by the shear stress; at the same time, when the support ring is subjected to the tensile stress from the tie rod, the tensile stress can form the compressive stress inside the support ring through the support ring.

The adjustable pull rod is hinged with the adjustment ring, and the relative movement between the expansion adjustment piece and the outer adjustment piece is carried out through the cylindrical pair. The arm is hinged with the cylinder to withstand the lateral force formed during the movement, and the thrust of the actuator is converted into a force perpendicular to the convergence adjustment sheet, which greatly reduces the pressure angle and improves the force efficiency of the convergence adjustment sheet.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, All should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. An axisymmetric nozzle, comprising:

the cylinder body (1) is provided with a plurality of actuating cylinders (3) in the circumferential direction on the outer side, and actuating shafts of the actuating cylinders (3) are hinged with the same adjusting ring (4); the rear end of the barrel body (1) is hinged with a plurality of convergence adjusting sheets (10) which are distributed circumferentially, and the rear end of each convergence adjusting sheet (10) is hinged with an expansion adjusting sheet (11); expansion adjustment piece (11) are articulated with adjusting ring (4) through expansion pull rod (9), convergence adjustment piece (10) are articulated with adjusting ring (4) through successively articulated convergence pull rod (8), rocker arm (6) and short pull rod (7), rocker arm (6) are also articulated with barrel (1) through support (5), the rear end of expansion adjustment piece (11) is articulated with outer adjustment piece (12) through the cylinder pair, the outside circumference of barrel (1) is articulated with a plurality of fixed pull rods (19), fixed pull rod (19) is articulated with same support ring (18), the rear end of expansion adjustment piece (11) is articulated with outer adjustment piece (12) through the cylinder pair, the other end of outer adjustment piece (12) is articulated with support ring (18).

2. Axisymmetric nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that adjacent two outer adjustment tabs (12) are arranged one above the other at their edges.

3. The axisymmetric nozzle of claim 1, characterized in that the rear ends of the expansion adjustment piece (11) and the outer adjustment piece (12) are serrated.

4. An axisymmetric nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of actuators (3) is 0.1-0.5 of the number of convergent flaps (10).

5. An axisymmetric nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuators (3) are equally spaced circumferentially along the barrel (1).

6. An axisymmetric nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that a convergent section limiter (14) is provided between each convergent flap (10) and the convergent drawbar (8), the convergent section limiter (14) being in contact with the convergent flap (10) and the convergent drawbar (8) after the convergent flap (10) and the convergent drawbar (8) have reached a predetermined angle, thereby achieving the limiting.

7. Axisymmetric nozzle of claim 1, characterized in that an expansion segment stopper (15) is provided between each expansion adjustment tab (11) and the expansion link (9), the expansion segment stopper (15) being brought into contact with the expansion adjustment tab (11) and the expansion link (9) after a predetermined angle is reached, thereby achieving the stopper.

8. An axisymmetric nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that edges of two adjacent converging flaps (10) and two adjacent diverging flaps (11) are stacked on each other.

9. The axisymmetric nozzle of claim 8, characterized in that sealing strips are provided at the edge stacks of two adjacent convergent flaps (10) and two adjacent divergent flaps (11).

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