CN114771197A - Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine - Google Patents
Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771197A CN114771197A CN202210389604.4A CN202210389604A CN114771197A CN 114771197 A CN114771197 A CN 114771197A CN 202210389604 A CN202210389604 A CN 202210389604A CN 114771197 A CN114771197 A CN 114771197A
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- heat
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
- B60H1/321—Control means therefor for preventing the freezing of a heat exchanger
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat management, and provides an integrated heat management system, a method and a working machine, wherein the integrated heat management system comprises an air conditioning system, a motor heat exchange loop and a hydraulic heat dissipation system; the motor heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system and is suitable for assisting in heating the air conditioning system; the hydraulic heat dissipation system is connected with the air conditioning system in a heat exchange mode and is suitable for defrosting outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system. According to the integrated heat management system, the method and the operation machine, the motor waste heat can be used for assisting the air conditioning system to heat in a low-temperature environment, the heating efficiency of the air conditioning system in the low-temperature environment is enhanced, the utilization rate of the motor waste heat is also improved, and in addition, if outdoor heat exchange equipment is frosted when the air conditioning system works, defrosting can be realized through the hydraulic waste heat in the hydraulic heat dissipation system, the heat exchange efficiency of the air conditioning system is ensured, the heating energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system in the low-temperature environment is improved, and the utilization rate of the motor waste heat is also improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to an integrated thermal management system, a method and a working machine.
Background
At present, the market share of electric operation machines (such as electric loaders) is increased year by year, and the advantages of zero emission, low noise, high efficiency, energy conservation and the like make the electric operation machines become the development trend of future loaders. When the ambient temperature of an air conditioning system installed in the operating machine is low, the air conditioning system is simply used for heating a cab, and the problems that the energy consumption is large, the heating requirement is difficult to meet, outdoor heat exchange equipment frosts and the like exist, so that a good heating effect cannot be achieved. The existing thermal management system of the electric operation machine has the problems of low integration level, high energy consumption, complex structure and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an integrated thermal management system, a method and a working machine, which are used for solving the problem that a good heating effect cannot be achieved by simply utilizing an air conditioning system to heat a cab in the prior art.
The invention provides an integrated thermal management system, comprising:
the air conditioning system comprises indoor heat exchange equipment and outdoor heat exchange equipment;
the motor heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system and is suitable for assisting in heating the air conditioning system;
and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system and is suitable for defrosting the outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system.
According to an integrated thermal management system provided by the present invention,
the motor heat exchange loop is connected with the air conditioning system in a heat exchange mode through a first heat exchanger, a first switching mechanism is arranged on the motor heat exchange loop and is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a passage between the motor heat exchange loop and the first heat exchanger.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the invention, the hydraulic heat dissipation system is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system through the second heat exchanger, the hydraulic heat dissipation system is provided with the second switching mechanism, and the second switching mechanism is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a passage between the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the second heat exchanger.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the invention, along the heating circulation direction of the air conditioning system, the first heat exchanger is arranged at the downstream of the outdoor heat exchange equipment, and the second heat exchanger is arranged at the upstream of the outdoor heat exchange equipment.
According to the integrated heat management system provided by the invention, the air conditioning system comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an in-vehicle heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve and an out-vehicle heat exchanger, two liquid inlet and outlet ends of the compressor are respectively connected with two valve ports of the four-way reversing valve, the other two valve ports of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with the out-vehicle heat exchanger and the in-vehicle heat exchanger, the out-vehicle heat exchanger is connected with the in-vehicle heat exchanger through the first electronic expansion valve, the first heat exchanger is arranged between the four-way reversing valve and the out-vehicle heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is arranged between the out-vehicle heat exchanger and the first electronic expansion valve.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the invention, the integrated thermal management system further comprises:
the battery heat exchange loop is connected in series on the motor heat exchange loop so as to be suitable for adjusting the temperature of the battery pack by using the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop.
According to the integrated heat management system provided by the invention, a first control valve and a second control valve are arranged on the motor heat exchange loop in series, the first control valve is connected with a liquid inlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange loop, and the second control valve is connected with a liquid outlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange loop.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the invention, the battery heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system so as to be suitable for regulating the temperature of the battery pack by using the air conditioning system.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the invention, the battery heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system through the third heat exchanger, the first heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is connected in series on the battery heat exchange loop, the second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the indoor heat exchange equipment, and the inlet pipeline of the second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is provided with the second electronic expansion valve.
According to the integrated heat management system provided by the invention, the outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system, the radiator of the motor heat exchange loop and the radiator of the hydraulic heat dissipation system share the same heat dissipation fan.
The invention also provides operating equipment comprising the integrated thermal management system.
The invention also provides an integrated thermal management method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a working mode of an air conditioning system;
and determining the heat exchange mode of the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop and/or the hydraulic heat dissipation system based on the working mode.
According to the integrated thermal management method provided by the invention, the step of obtaining the working mode of the air conditioning system comprises the following steps:
acquiring environmental parameters of outdoor heat exchange equipment in an air conditioning system;
the step of determining the heat exchange mode of the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop and/or the hydraulic heat dissipation system comprises the following steps:
determining that the air conditioning system exchanges heat with the motor heat exchange loop based on the fact that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode;
and determining that the air conditioning system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system exchange heat based on that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode and the environmental parameters meet preset conditions.
According to the integrated heat management system, the method and the operation machine, the motor heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system, the motor waste heat can be used for assisting the air conditioning system to heat in a low-temperature environment, the heating efficiency of the air conditioning system in the low-temperature environment is enhanced, the utilization rate of the motor waste heat is also improved, in addition, the hydraulic heat dissipation system is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system, if outdoor heat exchange equipment frosts when the air conditioning system works, the defrosting can be realized through the hydraulic waste heat in the hydraulic heat dissipation system, the heat exchange efficiency of the air conditioning system is ensured, the heating energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system in the low-temperature environment is improved, and the utilization rate of the motor waste heat is also improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
1. a first electric pump; 2. a first expansion tank; 3. a first control valve; 4. a first heat exchanger; 5. a first heat sink; 6. a third control valve; 7. a fourth control valve; 8. an exterior heat exchanger; 9. a four-way reversing valve; 10. a compressor; 11. a heat exchanger inside the vehicle; 12. air heating PTC; 13. a first electronic expansion valve; 14. a second electronic expansion valve; 15. a working oil cylinder; 16. a hydraulic oil pump; 17. a second heat sink; 18. a battery pack; 19. a second electric pump; 20. a third heat exchanger; 21. a second expansion tank; 22. a second heat exchanger; 23. a second control valve; 171. a first fan; 111. a second fan; E. a DC/DC converter; F. a motor controller; G. a motor; H. a cab.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature such that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intermediary. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
An integrated thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, which includes an air conditioning system, a motor heat exchange loop, and a hydraulic heat dissipation system.
The air conditioning system comprises indoor heat exchange equipment and outdoor heat exchange equipment, wherein the indoor heat exchange equipment and the outdoor heat exchange equipment form a heat exchange cycle so as to realize temperature regulation of the cab H. The motor heat exchange loop is connected with the air conditioning system in a heat exchange manner, so that heat of the motor cooling liquid can be exchanged to the air conditioning system, and the air conditioning system is assisted in heating. The hydraulic heat dissipation system is connected with the air conditioning system in a heat exchange mode, after the hydraulic heat dissipation system exchanges heat in the hydraulic oil to the refrigerant of the air conditioning system, the refrigerant flows to the outdoor heat exchange equipment, the outdoor heat exchange equipment is defrosted by the heat in the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and the heat in the hydraulic heat dissipation system can be used for assisting in heating of the air conditioning system along with the fact that the refrigerant continues to participate in heating circulation.
It should be noted that, in the integrated thermal management system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger between the motor heat exchange loop and the air conditioning system and the heat exchanger between the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the air conditioning system are separately arranged, rather than adopting a coupling manner. Because the optimal temperature range of the hydraulic system is 50-85 ℃, the lower the temperature of the motor system is, the smaller the copper wire resistance and the on resistance of the power device are, the higher the efficiency is, the temperature of the motor system is increased due to the coupling mode, and the efficiency of the motor G and the motor controller F is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system includes a compressor 10, a four-way reversing valve 9, an interior heat exchanger 11, a first electronic expansion valve 13, and an exterior heat exchanger 8, where the exterior heat exchanger 8 is an outdoor heat exchange device of the air conditioning system, and the interior heat exchanger 11 is an indoor heat exchange device of the air conditioning system. Two liquid inlet and outlet ends of the compressor 10 are respectively connected with two valve ports (a port C and a port D) of the four-way reversing valve 9, the other two valve ports (a port A and a port B) of the four-way reversing valve 9 are respectively connected with the exterior heat exchanger 8 and the interior heat exchanger 11, and the exterior heat exchanger 8 is connected with the interior heat exchanger 11 through a first electronic expansion valve 13.
When a driver's cab H requires refrigeration, the compressor 10 is started, low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inside the in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 enters the compressor 10 through the port B and the port C of the four-way reversing valve 9, the compressor 10 converts the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the refrigerant enters the out-vehicle heat exchanger 8 through the port D and the port A of the four-way reversing valve 9, the out-vehicle heat exchanger 8 converts the refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, the refrigerant is converted into low-temperature and low-pressure aerosol through the action of the first electronic expansion valve 13, the refrigerant enters the in-vehicle heat exchanger 11 to evaporate and absorb heat so as to realize refrigeration of the driver's cab H, and then enters the compressor 10 through the four-way reversing valve 9 to perform refrigeration cycle.
When a cab H has a heating requirement, the compressor 10 is started, low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inside the external heat exchanger 8 enters the compressor 10 through the port A and the port C of the four-way reversing valve 9, the compressor 10 converts the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the refrigerant enters the internal heat exchanger 11 through the port D and the port B of the four-way reversing valve 9, the refrigerant is condensed and releases heat in the internal heat exchanger 11 to realize heating of the cab H, the refrigerant is converted into low-temperature and low-pressure aerosol through the action of the first electronic expansion valve 13 to enter the external heat exchanger 8, and the refrigerant enters the compressor 10 again through the four-way reversing valve 9 to perform heating circulation after absorbing heat inside the external heat exchanger 8 and converting the heat into low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system further includes an air heating PTC12 and a first fan 171, the air heating PTC12 can be activated when the cab H requires heating, so as to achieve rapid heating, and the first fan 171 can accelerate the air flow of the air in the cab H, thereby improving the temperature regulation speed and effect.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the motor heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system through the first heat exchanger 4, the air conditioning system passes through the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 4, the motor heat exchange loop is connected with the second heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 4, and cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop exchanges heat with refrigerant in the air conditioning system when passing through the first heat exchanger 4.
Optionally, the first heat exchanger 4 is arranged at the downstream of the outdoor heat exchange device along the heating cycle direction of the air conditioning system, and in the heating cycle process, a refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchange device passes through the first heat exchanger 4, absorbs heat of cooling liquid in the motor heat exchange loop at the position of the first heat exchanger 4, and is carried to the indoor heat exchange device to be discharged, so that the purpose of assisting in heating by using waste heat of the motor G is achieved, and the heating efficiency of the air conditioning system in a low-temperature environment is enhanced.
Further, the first heat exchanger 4 is arranged between the four-way reversing valve 9 and the exterior heat exchanger 8, when the ambient temperature is low and the cab H has a heating requirement, the refrigerant flowing out of the exterior heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat with the motor cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop through the first heat exchanger 4, the temperature of the refrigerant is increased, the refrigerant enters the compressor 10 through the port A and the port C of the four-way reversing valve 9 to be compressed, and then enters the heat exchanger 11 through the port D and the port B of the four-way reversing valve 9. The arrangement mode aims to finish heat exchange with the motor heat exchange loop before compression, has higher heat exchange efficiency, and improves the utilization rate of the waste heat of the motor G.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first switching mechanism is disposed on the motor heat exchanging loop, and the first switching mechanism is adapted to control opening and closing of a passage between the motor heat exchanging loop and the first heat exchanger 4, so that whether the air conditioning system is assisted by waste heat of the motor G for heating can be determined according to working requirements, for example, when the cab H has a cooling requirement, the passage from the motor heat exchanging loop to the first heat exchanger 4 can be disconnected by the first switching mechanism.
Optionally, the first switching mechanism includes a first control valve 3, a port a of the first control valve 3 is connected to a pipeline on the heat exchange loop of the motor, which is located upstream of the first heat exchanger 4, a port b of the first control valve 3 is connected to a first heat exchange side inlet of the first heat exchanger 4, and a port c of the first control valve 3 is connected to a first heat exchange side outlet of the first heat exchanger 4. When the port a of the first control valve 3 is communicated with the port b and the port c is closed, the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop passes through the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 4; when the port a and the port c of the first control valve 3 are communicated and the port b is closed, the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop bypasses the first heat exchange side of the first heat exchanger 4.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the air conditioning system are in heat exchange connection through the second heat exchanger 22, the hydraulic heat dissipation system is connected with the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 22, and the air conditioning system is connected with the second heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 22.
Optionally, in the heating cycle direction of the air conditioning system, the second heat exchanger 22 is disposed at the upstream of the outdoor heat exchange device, and the refrigerant of the air conditioning system absorbs heat in hydraulic oil of the hydraulic heat dissipation system when passing through the second heat exchanger 22, and then enters the outdoor heat exchange device, so that a defrosting effect on the outdoor heat exchange device can be achieved, and the heating of the air conditioning heat exchange system can be assisted by using hydraulic waste heat in the hydraulic heat dissipation system.
Further, the second heat exchanger 22 is disposed between the exterior heat exchanger 8 and the first electronic expansion valve 13. By adopting the arrangement mode, the refrigerant flowing out of the first electronic expansion valve 13 can exchange heat with the hydraulic heat dissipation system through the second heat exchanger 22, and then flows into the exterior heat exchanger 8 after the temperature of the refrigerant is increased, so that the refrigerant entering the exterior heat exchanger 8 has enough temperature, and a better defrosting effect is achieved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a second switching mechanism is disposed on the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and the second switching mechanism is adapted to control opening and closing of a passage between the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the second heat exchanger 22, so as to facilitate determining whether to use the hydraulic waste heat to assist the air conditioning system in heating according to an operation requirement, for example, when the driving cab H has a cooling requirement, or when the motor heat exchange circuit can meet an auxiliary heating requirement and defrosting of the outdoor heat exchange device is not needed, the passage from the hydraulic heat dissipation system to the second heat exchanger 22 may be disconnected by the second switching mechanism.
Optionally, the second switching mechanism includes a second control valve 23, a port a of the second control valve 23 is connected to a pipeline on the hydraulic heat dissipation system, the pipeline is located upstream of the second heat exchanger 22, a port b of the second control valve 23 is connected to a first heat exchange side inlet of the second heat exchanger 22, and a port c of the second control valve 23 is connected to a first heat exchange side outlet of the second heat exchanger 22. When the ports a and b of the second control valve 23 are opened and the port c is closed, hydraulic oil of the hydraulic heat dissipation system passes through the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 22; when the ports a and c of the second control valve 23 are opened and the port b is closed, the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic heat dissipation system bypasses the first heat exchange side of the second heat exchanger 22.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the motor heat exchange circuit includes a first electric pump 1, a first expansion water tank 2 and a first radiator 5, an outlet of the first electric pump 1 is connected to a coolant inlet of the DC/DC converter E, a coolant outlet of the DC/DC converter E is connected to a coolant inlet of the motor controller F, a coolant outlet of the motor controller F is connected to an inlet of a housing water jacket of the motor G, an outlet of the housing water jacket of the motor G is connected to the first expansion water tank 2, the first expansion water tank 2 is respectively communicated with a first heat exchanger 4 and the first radiator 5 through a first control valve 3, and the first radiator 5 is communicated with an inlet of the first electric pump 1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydraulic heat dissipation system includes a hydraulic oil pump 16, a working cylinder 15, and a second radiator 17, an outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 16 is connected to an inlet of the working cylinder 15, an outlet of the working cylinder 15 is respectively communicated with a second heat exchanger 22 and the second radiator 17 through a second control valve 23, and the second radiator 17 is communicated with an inlet of the hydraulic oil pump 16.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the integrated thermal management system further comprises a battery heat exchange loop, and the battery heat exchange loop is connected in series to the motor heat exchange loop to adjust the temperature of the battery pack 18 by using the cooling fluid of the motor heat exchange loop. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment of the temperature of the battery pack 18 protects the battery pack 18 from being heated in a low-temperature environment, and also protects the battery pack 18 from being cooled in a high-temperature environment, so that the battery pack 18 can be maintained at a proper operating temperature.
Optionally, the battery heat exchange loop includes a second electric pump 19 and a second expansion water tank 21, an inlet of the second electric pump 19 is communicated with the coolant outlet of the battery pack 18, an outlet of the second electric pump 19 is communicated with the second expansion water tank 21, and the second expansion water tank 21 is further connected with the coolant inlet of the battery pack 18, wherein the second expansion water tank 21 is mainly used for exhausting air and reducing air pressure.
Optionally, the motor heat exchange loop is provided with a first control valve 3 and a second control valve 23 in series, the first control valve 3 is connected to a liquid inlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange loop, and the second control valve 23 is connected to a liquid outlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange loop. The first control valve 3 and the second control valve 23 both adopt three-way valves, the port a of the first control valve 3 is connected with the outlet of the first radiator 5, the port b of the first control valve 3 is connected with the port a of the second control valve 23, the port c of the first control valve 3 is connected with the inlet of the second expansion water tank 21, the port b of the second control valve 23 is connected with the outlet of the cooling liquid of the battery pack 18, and the port c of the second control valve 23 is connected with the inlet of the first electric pump 1. When the ports a and c of the first control valve 3 are opened and the ports a and c of the second control valve 23 are opened, the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop can participate in the heat exchange circulation of the battery heat exchange loop, so that the temperature of the battery pack 18 can be regulated by the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery heat exchange circuit is in heat exchange communication with an air conditioning system, adapted to regulate the temperature of the battery pack 18 using the air conditioning system. Regulating the temperature of the battery pack 18 using the air conditioning system includes auxiliary heating or auxiliary cooling of the battery pack 18 to facilitate operation of the battery pack 18 in an optimal temperature range, improving battery life and efficiency. In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment of the battery pack 18 by the air conditioning system and the temperature adjustment of the battery pack 18 by the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop may be performed simultaneously or separately. For example, when the ambient temperature is low, the coolant of the motor heat exchange loop participates in the heat exchange circulation of the battery heat exchange loop and can completely meet the requirement for heating the battery pack 18, the temperature of the battery pack 18 can be adjusted without an air conditioning system, and when the ambient temperature is too low and the coolant of the motor heat exchange loop participates in the heat exchange circulation of the battery heat exchange loop and cannot meet the requirement for heating the battery pack 18, the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop can be used for heating the battery pack 18 at the same time.
According to the integrated thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the invention, a third heat exchanger 20 is arranged between the battery heat exchange loop and the air conditioning system, the first heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected in series on the battery heat exchange loop, the outlet of the second electric pump 19 is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger 20, and the outlet of the first heat exchange side is connected with the inlet of the second expansion water tank 21. The second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger 20 is connected in parallel with the indoor heat exchange device, the second electronic expansion valve 14 is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger 20, and the opening and closing of a passage between the air conditioning system and the third heat exchanger 20 can be controlled by the second electronic expansion valve 14. It is understood that the first electronic expansion valve 13 and the second electronic expansion valve 14 in the air conditioning system may work together to control the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that the temperature of the cab H or the temperature of the battery pack 18 can be adjusted by the refrigerant alone or by the cab H and the battery pack 18 at the same time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outdoor heat exchanging device of the air conditioning system, the radiator of the motor heat exchanging loop, and the radiator of the hydraulic heat dissipating system share the same heat dissipating fan, and specifically, the exterior heat exchanger 8 of the air conditioning system, the first radiator 5 of the motor heat exchanging loop, and the second radiator 17 of the hydraulic heat dissipating system share the same first fan 171. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the description of sharing the same heat dissipation fan and the same first fan 171 does not refer to that the number of the fans is one, and the first fan 171 may include a plurality of fans.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioning system, the motor heat exchange loop, the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and the battery heat exchange loop are electrically connected to the vehicle control unit through the CAN bus, and the vehicle control unit CAN control operations of the air conditioning system, the motor heat exchange loop, the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and the battery heat exchange loop according to a temperature signal sent by the internal temperature sensor of the motor G, a working mode of the air conditioning system, an environmental parameter of the outdoor heat exchange device in the air conditioning system, a temperature signal of the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and a temperature signal sent by the internal temperature sensor of the battery pack 18.
The integrated heat management system can realize independent work of each subsystem and can also finish coordinated work of different subsystems under different requirements, and the motor G only needs to dissipate heat under normal conditions, so the embodiment can mainly finish heating by utilizing the motor heat exchange loop to assist the air-conditioning system, defrosting by utilizing the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and heating or heat dissipation by utilizing the motor heat exchange loop and the air-conditioning system to assist the battery heat exchange loop.
Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a work machine including any of the integrated thermal management systems described above. The work machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may be any one of the work machines such as a loader and an excavator.
The integrated thermal management method provided by the present invention is described below, and the integrated thermal management method described below and the integrated thermal management system described above may be referred to correspondingly.
The integrated heat management method according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S1, acquiring the working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the working mode of the air conditioning system comprises a cooling mode and a heating mode, and the circulation directions of the air conditioning system are opposite in the cooling mode and the heating mode.
And S2, determining the heat exchange mode of the air conditioning system and at least one of the motor heat exchange loop and the hydraulic heat dissipation system based on the working mode.
According to the integrated thermal management method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the step of obtaining the working mode of the air conditioning system in the step S1 comprises the step of obtaining the environmental parameters of the outdoor heat exchange equipment in the air conditioning system.
The step of determining the heat exchange mode between the air conditioning system and at least one of the motor heat exchange loop and the hydraulic heat dissipation system in step S2 includes:
and S21, determining that the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop exchange heat based on the fact that the air conditioning system is in the heating mode.
When the air conditioning system is in a heating mode, heat exchange between the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop is carried out, and the waste heat of the motor G of the motor heat exchange loop can be utilized to assist the air conditioning system in heating. It can be understood that, since the temperature of the motor G is always higher than the temperature of the refrigerant in the air conditioning system, the air conditioning system only needs to be determined to be in the heating mode, that is, the waste heat of the motor G in the motor heat exchange loop can be used to assist the air conditioning system in heating.
And S22, determining that the air conditioning system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system exchange heat based on the fact that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode and the environmental parameters meet preset conditions.
Optionally, the environment parameters include air humidity at the location of the outdoor heat exchange device and outlet temperature of the outdoor heat exchange device, and the environment parameters meeting the preset conditions include that the air humidity at the location of the outdoor heat exchange device is greater than 65% and the outlet temperature of the outdoor heat exchange device is lower than the environment temperature by 7 ℃.
In the step, whether the outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system frosts or not can be judged by utilizing whether the environmental parameters meet the preset conditions or not, the heat exchange between the air conditioning system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is carried out when the environmental parameters meet the preset conditions, and the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchange equipment can be realized by utilizing the hydraulic heat dissipation system.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, heat exchange between the air conditioning system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is not used as a main means for assisting the air conditioning system in heating, so that it is possible to avoid that the hydraulic work is affected by too low temperature of the hydraulic heat dissipation system.
It should be noted that there is no precedence order between step S21 and step S22, and both steps may be performed simultaneously.
The working process will be exemplarily explained below with reference to different working conditions:
the working condition I is as follows: the cab H, the battery pack 18, and the motor G all need to dissipate heat.
The refrigeration process of the air conditioning system comprises the following steps: the second electronic expansion valve 14 of the air conditioning system is closed, and the refrigerant flows through the compressor 10 → the four-way selector valve 9 → the first heat exchanger 4 → the exterior heat exchanger 8 → the first electronic expansion valve 13 → the interior heat exchanger 11 → the four-way selector valve 9 → the compressor 10.
The working process of the heat exchange loop of the motor is as follows: the first electric pump 1 is started, the ports a and c of the first control valve 3 are opened, the port b is closed, and the motor coolant flows through the first electric pump 1 → the DC/DC converter E → the motor controller F → the motor G → the first expansion tank 2 → the first control valve 3 → the first radiator 5 → the third control valve 6 → the fourth control valve 7 → the first electric pump 1.
The heat dissipation process of the battery heat exchange loop comprises the following steps: the first electric pump 1 and the second electric pump 19 are simultaneously opened, the ports a, b and c of the third control valve 6 and the fourth control valve 7 are all opened, the ports a and c of the first control valve 3 are opened, and the port b is closed. The coolant of the motor G heat dissipation system is divided into two branches at the third control valve 6, one branch continues to flow to the first electric pump 1 through the fourth control valve 7 to perform the motor G system heat dissipation, and the other branch flows to the battery heat dissipation circulation system to assist in the temperature reduction control of the battery pack 18, that is, the motor coolant flows through the first electric pump 1 → the DC/DC converter E → the motor controller F → the motor G → the first expansion tank 2 → the first control valve 3 → the first radiator 5 → the third control valve 6 → the third heat exchanger 20 → the second expansion tank 21 → the battery pack 18 → the fourth control valve 7 → the first electric pump 1; if under the assistance of the heat dissipation system of the motor G, the temperature of the battery pack 18 is further raised, when a limit value is reached, the second electronic expansion valve 14 is opened, one path of the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger 8 outside the vehicle flows to the first electronic expansion valve 13 to participate in refrigeration of the air conditioning system, and the other path flows to the second electronic expansion valve 14, under the action of the second electronic expansion valve 14, the refrigerant is changed into a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid state, and can exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the battery system at the third heat exchanger 20, and the cooled cooling liquid of the battery system flows back to the battery pack 18, so that the temperature reduction control of the battery pack 18 is realized.
Working conditions are as follows: the cab H and the battery pack 18 both need to be heated, and the motor G needs to dissipate heat.
The air conditioning system heating process: the second electronic expansion valve 14 of the air conditioning system is closed, and the refrigerant flows through the compressor 10 → the four-way reversing valve 9 → the interior heat exchanger 11 → the first electronic expansion valve 13 → the exterior heat exchanger 8 → the first heat exchanger 4 → the four-way reversing valve 9 → the compressor 10. If the air conditioning system is low in heating efficiency in a low-temperature environment, the residual heat of the motor G can assist the air conditioning system in heating. The process is as follows: the ports a and b of the first control valve 3 of the heat dissipation system of the motor G are opened, the port c is closed, the residual heat of the motor G exchanges heat with the refrigerant of the air conditioning system under the action of the first heat exchanger 4, and the heated refrigerant continuously flows into the compressor 10 to perform heating circulation. If the air humidity of the position where the outdoor heat exchange equipment is located is greater than 65% and the outlet temperature of the outdoor heat exchange equipment is 7 ℃ lower than the ambient temperature, the hydraulic heat dissipation system defrosts the air conditioning system when the outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system frosts. The process is as follows: the ports a and b of the second control valve 23 are opened, the port c is closed, and high-temperature hydraulic oil flows through the second heat exchanger 22 to heat the refrigerant from the first electronic expansion valve 13 or the second electronic expansion valve 14, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is increased, and frost formed on the exterior heat exchanger 8 is melted.
The working process of the heat exchange loop of the motor is as follows: the first electric pump 1 is started, the ports a and c of the first control valve 3 are opened, the port b is closed, and the motor coolant flows through the first electric pump 1 → the DC/DC converter E → the motor controller F → the motor G → the first expansion tank 2 → the first control valve 3 → the first radiator 5 → the third control valve 6 → the fourth control valve 7 → the first electric pump 1.
Heating process of the battery heat exchange loop: heating the heating film in the battery, enabling the motor G to enter a heating mode, enabling the port a and the port c of the first control valve 3 to be opened, enabling the port b to be closed, enabling the port a and the port c of the third control valve 6 to be opened, enabling the port b to be closed, and enabling waste heat of the motor G to enter the battery pack 18 after passing through the third heat exchanger 20 to heat the battery pack 18. When the residual heat of the motor G can not meet the battery heating requirement, a second electronic expansion valve 14 in the air-conditioning system is opened, high-temperature refrigerant in the air-conditioning system flows to a third heat exchanger 20 through a four-way reversing valve 9 to exchange heat with battery system cooling liquid, and the heated battery cooling liquid flows back into a battery pack 18 to realize the auxiliary battery system heating of the air-conditioning system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An integrated thermal management system, comprising:
the air conditioning system comprises indoor heat exchange equipment and outdoor heat exchange equipment;
the motor heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system and is suitable for assisting in heating the air conditioning system;
and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system and is suitable for defrosting outdoor heat exchange equipment of the air conditioning system.
2. The integrated thermal management system of claim 1,
the motor heat exchange loop and the air conditioning system are in heat exchange connection through a first heat exchanger, a first switching mechanism is arranged on the motor heat exchange loop and is suitable for controlling the opening and closing of a passage between the motor heat exchange loop and the first heat exchanger.
3. The integrated thermal management system of claim 2, wherein the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the air conditioning system are in heat exchange connection through a second heat exchanger, and a second switching mechanism is disposed on the hydraulic heat dissipation system and adapted to control opening and closing of a passage between the hydraulic heat dissipation system and the second heat exchanger.
4. The integrated thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the first heat exchanger is disposed downstream of the outdoor heat exchange device and the second heat exchanger is disposed upstream of the outdoor heat exchange device in a heating cycle direction of the air conditioning system.
5. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 3, wherein the air conditioning system comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an in-vehicle heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve and an out-vehicle heat exchanger, two liquid inlet and outlet ends of the compressor are respectively connected with two valve ports of the four-way reversing valve, the other two valve ports of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with the out-vehicle heat exchanger and the in-vehicle heat exchanger, the out-vehicle heat exchanger is connected with the in-vehicle heat exchanger through the first electronic expansion valve, the first heat exchanger is arranged between the four-way reversing valve and the out-vehicle heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is arranged between the out-vehicle heat exchanger and the first electronic expansion valve.
6. The integrated thermal management system of any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
the battery heat exchange loop is connected in series on the motor heat exchange loop so as to be suitable for adjusting the temperature of the battery pack by using the cooling liquid of the motor heat exchange loop.
7. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein a first control valve and a second control valve are connected in series to the motor heat exchange circuit, the first control valve is connected to a liquid inlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange circuit, and the second control valve is connected to a liquid outlet pipeline of the battery heat exchange circuit.
8. The integrated thermal management system of claim 6, wherein the battery heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system to accommodate regulation of the temperature of the battery pack with the air conditioning system.
9. The integrated thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein the battery heat exchange loop is in heat exchange connection with the air conditioning system through a third heat exchanger, a first heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is connected in series to the battery heat exchange loop, a second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the indoor heat exchange equipment, and an inlet pipeline of the second heat exchange side of the third heat exchanger is provided with a second electronic expansion valve.
10. The integrated thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the outdoor heat exchange device of the air conditioning system, the heat sink of the motor heat exchange circuit, and the heat sink of the hydraulic heat dissipation system share a common heat dissipation fan.
11. A work machine comprising an integrated thermal management system according to any of claims 1 to 10.
12. A method of integrated thermal management, comprising:
acquiring a working mode of an air conditioning system;
and determining the heat exchange mode of the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop and/or the hydraulic heat dissipation system based on the working mode.
13. The integrated thermal management method of claim 12, wherein said step of obtaining an operating mode of an air conditioning system comprises:
acquiring environmental parameters of outdoor heat exchange equipment in an air conditioning system;
the step of determining the heat exchange mode of the air conditioning system and the motor heat exchange loop and/or the hydraulic heat dissipation system comprises the following steps:
determining that the air conditioning system and a motor heat exchange loop exchange heat based on the fact that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode;
and determining that the air conditioning system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system exchange heat based on that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode and the environmental parameters meet preset conditions.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210389604.4A CN114771197A (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine |
| PCT/CN2022/133996 WO2023197608A1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-11-24 | Integrated heat management system and method, and operation machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210389604.4A CN114771197A (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine |
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| CN202210389604.4A Pending CN114771197A (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine |
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| WO (1) | WO2023197608A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023197608A1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | 三一重机有限公司 | Integrated heat management system and method, and operation machinery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109910543A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle heat management system and vehicle |
| CN109291761B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2023-09-12 | 上海加冷松芝汽车空调股份有限公司 | Heat pump air conditioning system of electric automobile |
| FR3103742B1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-12-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Device for managing thermal energy in a vehicle |
| CN113442679B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-12-09 | 江苏汇智高端工程机械创新中心有限公司 | Engineering machine and integrated thermal management system |
| CN217396152U (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-09-09 | 三一重机有限公司 | Integrated thermal management system and work machine |
| CN114771197A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-22 | 三一重机有限公司 | Integrated thermal management system, method and work machine |
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2022
- 2022-04-13 CN CN202210389604.4A patent/CN114771197A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023197608A1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | 三一重机有限公司 | Integrated heat management system and method, and operation machinery |
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