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CN114763342A - Synthesis method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether - Google Patents

Synthesis method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114763342A
CN114763342A CN202110026638.2A CN202110026638A CN114763342A CN 114763342 A CN114763342 A CN 114763342A CN 202110026638 A CN202110026638 A CN 202110026638A CN 114763342 A CN114763342 A CN 114763342A
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methylpiperazine
dichloromethane
adjusting
fatty alcohol
purity
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刘博�
孔凯丽
徐学宇
丁爱忠
李海楠
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Jiangsu Tasly Diyi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Tasly Diyi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/16Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/20Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
    • C07D295/205Radicals derived from carbonic acid

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Abstract

The invention relates to a synthesis method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether, the method comprises the following steps, 1) 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and dichloromethane are mixed, then fatty alcohol is added, the temperature is reduced, sodium cyanide is added in batches, and the room temperature is recovered after the addition, and the stirring is carried out; 2) adding water, adjusting pH to 6-7, stirring at room temperature, separating, and keeping water phase; 3) adjusting pH of the water phase to 8-10 with sodium carbonate aqueous solution, extracting with dichloromethane for 2-3 times, mixing the organic phases, drying, and vacuum spin-drying the organic phase to obtain light yellow transparent oily 4-methylpiperazine-1-formate; the reaction formula of the method is as follows:
Figure DDA0002890472430000011

Description

Synthesis method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical drug synthesis, in particular to a method for preparing 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether.
Technical Field
Zopiclone is a third generation sedative hypnotic developed by Rhono-Poulene Rorer, rona, france for the treatment of sleep disorders. Eszopiclone (Eszopiclone) is a fast acting non-benzodiazepine sedative hypnotic developed by Seprator corporation, USA, marketed in the United states at 4 months 2005. The racemate zopiclone is marketed in nearly hundreds of countries and regions, and the eszopiclone is the first medicine which can be used for treating difficulty in falling asleep and maintaining quality for a long time.
Zopiclone structure is as follows:
Figure BDA0002890472410000011
the synthesis method usually uses 6- (5-chloro-2-pyridyl) -5-hydroxy-7-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo [3,4-b ] pyrazine as a raw material to be condensed with 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride to obtain zopiclone. Wherein, the structure of the 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride (A) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002890472410000012
from this, it is known that 4-methylpiperazine-1-carbonyl chloride hydrochloride is a key raw material for synthesizing zopiclone.
The starting material is generally purchased from the market, and has the problems of low purity and impurities, which may be brought in during the synthesis of zopiclone, and the related impurities are researched to comprise 4-methylpiperazine-1-formate (referred to as compound C in the present invention),
Figure BDA0002890472410000021
in the formula: r is CH3,CH3CH2,(CH3)2CH。
When R is CH3When the compound is 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (CAS number 7560-85-2), it is CH2CH3When the compound is 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (CAS number 59325-11-0), is (C)H3)2CH, the compound is 4-methyl-1 piperazine carboxylic acid isopropyl ester.
The compound C is a genotoxic impurity in the quality research of the zopiclone, so that a simple and low-cost method for preparing the compound C is urgently needed to be provided, and a high-purity impurity reference substance is provided for the quality control of the zopiclone.
The preparation of 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate in the known compound C is as follows: and (3) reacting the 4-methylpiperazine with methyl chloroformate or ethyl chloroformate to obtain 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester or 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester.
In the preparation method, the raw materials of methyl chloroformate and ethyl chloroformate are toxic and harmful to operators, strong alkali and sodium cyanide are needed to participate in the reaction condition, the reaction is violent, the reaction is not easy to control, and a plurality of byproducts are generated. TLC shows that the Rf value of the by-product is relatively close to that of the main product, and the by-product is difficult to separate by chromatographic column chromatography.
In the post-treatment process, the inventors have found that by-products of the reaction can be effectively removed by adjusting the pH of the system, thereby obtaining the high-purity compound C, in combination with the structural characteristics of the compounds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synthesis method of a high-purity zopiclone impurity compound C, which is simple to operate, easy to separate and purify and high in purity of an obtained product.
The invention provides a synthesis method of a high-purity zopiclone impurity compound C, which has the following reaction formula:
Figure BDA0002890472410000022
in the formula: r is CH3,CH3CH2,(CH3)2CH。
The specific operation method is as follows,
1) mixing 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and dichloromethane, adding fatty alcohol, cooling, adding sodium cyanide in batches, and recovering to room temperature after adding, and stirring;
2) adding water, adjusting pH to 6-7, stirring at room temperature, separating, and keeping water phase;
3) adjusting pH of the water phase to 8-10 with sodium carbonate aqueous solution, extracting with dichloromethane for 2-3 times, mixing the organic phases, drying, and vacuum drying to obtain compound C as light yellow transparent oil.
The method comprises the following steps:
in step 1):
the ratio of the 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride to the dichloromethane to the fatty alcohol to the sodium cyanide is 5-15 g: 40-60 ml: 3-6 ml: 1-3g, preferably 10 g: 50 ml: 5 ml: 2g (including but not limited to g, kg and ml, L);
the fatty alcohol is selected from: methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
In step 2):
the amount of water added is equal to the volume of dichloromethane added in step 1).
Purpose of water addition: firstly, water is needed for layered extraction and secondly, the pH value is adjusted.
The pH value is 6 to 6.6, preferably 6.4 to 6.6.
The pH adjusting solvent was 4M dilute hydrochloric acid.
In step 3):
the pH is 8.5-9.1.
The solvent used for the pH adjustment was an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (25% strength).
The invention also provides application of the compound C, namely, a reference substance is provided for the research on the quality of the zopiclone and the raw materials thereof.
In the content detection method, the impurity compound C synthesized by the method of the present invention can be used as a standard reference substance for detecting the impurity content in zopiclone and its raw materials and preparations thereof, so as to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on zopiclone and its raw materials.
The method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method is the same as the traditional method:
the traditional method uses toxic raw materials, strong alkali and strong acid are used for reaction, the reaction is violent and is not easy to control, the yield is about 59 percent, a large amount of byproducts are generated, and column chromatography purification is adopted. The method has the advantages of non-toxic reactants and mild reaction conditions.
2. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield is more than 65%, and the purity is more than 98.3%, so that the method has higher economy.
3. The method provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple operation, short reaction time, high yield and the like, and provides a foundation for the research of zopiclone genotoxic impurities.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a mass spectrum of 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester nuclear magnetic resonance image;
FIG. 3: 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester mass spectrum;
FIG. 4: 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester nuclear magnetic resonance map;
FIG. 5: 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic acid isopropyl ester mass spectrum;
FIG. 6: nuclear magnetic resonance image of 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1: preparation method of 4-methylpiperazine-1-methyl formate
1. Adding 10g of-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and 50ml of dichloromethane into a reaction bottle, adding 5ml of methanol, cooling to 0-5 ℃, adding 2g of sodium cyanide in batches, recovering the room temperature after the addition, and stirring for 2 hours.
2. After water (50ml) was added to the system, the pH was adjusted to 6.4 with 4M diluted hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature, separated, and the aqueous phase was retained.
3. The aqueous phase was again adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium carbonate, extracted 2 times with 50ml dichloromethane, the organic phases were combined and dried and the organic phase was dried under vacuum at 40 ℃ to give 6.6g of methyl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate as a pale yellow transparent oil. The yield was 82.5% and the purity 98.3%.
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.70-3.69(m,3H),δ3.49(s,4H),δ2.36(s,4H),δ2.31-2.29(m,3H)。
The mass spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance image of 4-methylpiperazine-1-methyl formate are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Example 2: preparation method of 4-methylpiperazine-1-ethyl formate
1. Adding 10g of 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and 50ml of dichloromethane into a reaction bottle, adding 5ml of ethanol, cooling to 0-5 ℃, adding 2g of sodium cyanide in batches, recovering the room temperature after the addition, and stirring for 2 hours.
2. 50ml of water was added to the system, and then pH was adjusted to 6.4 with 4M diluted hydrochloric acid, followed by stirring at room temperature, liquid separation and retention of the aqueous phase.
3. The aqueous phase is again adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium carbonate solution, extracted 2 times with 50ml dichloromethane, the organic phases are combined and dried and the organic phase is dried in vacuo at 40 ℃ to give 5.7g of ethyl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate as a pale yellow transparent oil. The yield is 65.5 percent, and the purity is 98.8 percent.
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.16-4.10(m,2H),δ3.50-3.49(d,4H),δ2.37-2.36(d,4H),δ2.31-2.29(d,3H),δ1.28-1.23(m,3H)。
The mass spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance image of 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester are shown in figures 3 and 4 respectively.
Example 3: preparation method of 4-methylpiperazine-1-isopropyl formate
1. 10g of 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and 50ml of dichloromethane are added into a reaction bottle, 5ml of isopropanol is added, 2g of sodium cyanide is added in batches at room temperature, and the mixture is stirred for 2 hours at 40 ℃.
2. After adding 50ml of water, the pH value of the system is adjusted to 6.6 by using 4M dilute hydrochloric acid, and the system is stirred and separated at room temperature, and the water phase is reserved.
3. The aqueous phase is then adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium carbonate, extracted 2 times with 50ml dichloromethane, the organic phases are combined and dried and the organic phase is dried in vacuo at 40 ℃ to give 6.1g of methyl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate as a pale yellow transparent oil. The yield was 64.9% and the purity 98.6%.
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.90-4.84(m,1H),δ3.43-3.42(d,4H),δ2.31(s,4H),δ2.25(d,3H),δ1.21-1.19(m,6H)。
The mass spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance image of 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic acid isopropyl ester are shown in figures 5 and 6 respectively.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether comprises the following reaction formula:
Figure FDA0002890472400000011
in the formula: 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid ester, i.e. formula C, R is CH3,CH3CH2,(CH3)2CH。
2. The method for preparing the compound of claim 1, comprising the following steps,
1) mixing 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride and dichloromethane, adding fatty alcohol, cooling, adding sodium cyanide in batches, and recovering to room temperature after adding, and stirring; the fatty alcohol is selected from: methanol, ethanol or isopropanol;
2) adding water, adjusting pH to 6-7, stirring at room temperature, separating, and keeping water phase;
3) adjusting pH of the water phase to 8-10 with sodium carbonate aqueous solution, extracting with dichloromethane for 2-3 times, mixing the organic phases, drying, and vacuum drying to obtain light yellow transparent oil.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1): the ratio of the 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride to the dichloromethane to the fatty alcohol to the sodium cyanide is 5-15 g: 40-60 ml: 3-6 ml: 1-3 g.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2): the addition amount of the water is equal to the volume of the dichloromethane added in the step 1), and the pH value is 6-6.6.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3): the pH is 8.5-9.1.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1): the ratio of the 4-methylpiperazine-1-formyl chloride hydrochloride to the dichloromethane to the fatty alcohol to the sodium cyanide is 10 g: 50 ml: 5 ml: 2g of the total weight of the composition.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2): the pH value is 6.4-6.6; the pH adjusting solvent was 4M dilute hydrochloric acid.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3): the solvent used for adjusting the pH value is a 25% sodium carbonate aqueous solution.
CN202110026638.2A 2021-01-09 2021-01-09 Synthesis method of high-purity 4-methylpiperazine-1-formic ether Pending CN114763342A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101195624A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-06-11 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 Method for preparing zopiclone
CN101272685A (en) * 2005-09-27 2008-09-24 Irm责任有限公司 Diarylamine-containing compounds and compositions, and their use as modulators of C-KIT receptors
CN114685401A (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-01 江苏天士力帝益药业有限公司 Synthesis method of di (4-methylpiperazine-1-yl) ketone
CN114685448A (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-07-01 江苏天士力帝益药业有限公司 Synthesis method of zopiclone impurity pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (5-chloro-pyridin-2-yl) -amide

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101272685A (en) * 2005-09-27 2008-09-24 Irm责任有限公司 Diarylamine-containing compounds and compositions, and their use as modulators of C-KIT receptors
CN101195624A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-06-11 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 Method for preparing zopiclone
CN114685448A (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-07-01 江苏天士力帝益药业有限公司 Synthesis method of zopiclone impurity pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (5-chloro-pyridin-2-yl) -amide
CN114685401A (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-01 江苏天士力帝益药业有限公司 Synthesis method of di (4-methylpiperazine-1-yl) ketone

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
罗代暄主编: "化学试剂与精细化学品合成基础(有机分册)", 31 May 1991, 高等教育出版社, pages: 391 *

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