CN114740047A - A method and equipment for detecting moisture content and age of tangerine peel based on infrared detection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for detecting moisture content and year of citrus grandis based on infrared detection, which comprises an infrared detector, a shell, a laser lamp and a double-ring sponge which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; during detection, an infrared detector is used for measuring the surface temperature difference of the inner capsule of the wide tangerine peel to be detected before and after the irradiation of a laser lamp, and the temperature difference and the water content curve chart are compared to obtain the temperature difference delta t₁Then adopting a dynamic water content curve chart and a dynamic water content first derivative curve chart to obtain the descending speed v of the citrus chachiensis with the same water content omega in different years_1n(ii) a And measuring the temperature difference of the cooled surface of the inner capsule of the pericarpium citri reticulatae at the same position by using an infrared detector, and judging to obtain the specific year of the pericarpium citri reticulatae to be detected by comparing the temperature difference with a water content reduction speed diagram. The invention can be used forThe moisture content and the year of the euryhead orange peel can be quickly detected, and the euryhead orange peel can not be damaged.

Description

A method and equipment for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of new generation information technology, and in particular relates to a method and equipment for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection.

Background technique

Cantonese tangerine peel comes from Rutaceae citrus, which belongs to the dry and mature peel of tangerine and its cultivars. It has important medicinal value and is mainly used for symptoms such as fullness of the chest and abdomen, nausea and vomiting, and dryness and phlegm. Homologous, the market for tangerine peel tea and various health foods is huge. The longer the tangerine peel is aged, the better the effect. When people buy tangerine peel, the traditional identification of the age of tangerine peel is manual observation: the inner surface of the tangerine peel with low age is white or yellowish white and the outer surface is bright red or dark red However, the inner capsule of the old tangerine peel will naturally peel off due to weathering and the outer surface will be tan or even black. Due to the similar color of old-aged and middle-aged skins, as well as different varieties and different maturity levels during leather making, it is difficult for the human eye to distinguish and effectively identify the specific year of tangerine peel, and there will be counterfeit old-aged skins on the market. bad behavior. In addition, tangerine peel with high water content is extremely difficult to preserve, and also increases the purchase cost of consumers due to the increase in water weight. Therefore, a portable device that can detect the moisture content and age of tangerine peel in real time is an urgently needed tool to protect consumers of tangerine peel. Patent CN109752419A discloses a probe-inserted grain moisture content detection device, which uses probes to be inserted into grains to detect moisture content; If it is larger, the device cannot be applied to Cang tangerine peel, nor can it accurately measure the moisture content of Cang tangerine peel in different years. Patent CN107727601B discloses a method for quickly identifying the age of dried tangerine peel and dried tangerine peel by infrared spectrum. The dried tangerine peel itself, usually does not use this method. Therefore, how to quickly detect the moisture content and age of tangerine peel without damaging the peel itself is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming existing in the prior art, and provide a method and equipment for detecting the moisture content and age of tangerine peel based on infrared detection, which can quickly detect the moisture content and age of tangerine peel without damaging the tangerine peel itself.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An infrared detection-based moisture content and year detection equipment for dried tangerine peel, comprising an infrared detector 1, a casing 2, a laser light 3, and a double-ring sponge 4.

As shown in FIG. 1, the infrared detector 1, the casing 2, the laser light 3, and the double-ring sponge 4 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the infrared detector 1 includes a signal power interface 101, a temperature display screen 104, a thermometer bracket 102, The infrared temperature measurement port 103; the signal power interface 101 is located on the side of the temperature display screen 104 and fixed on the mirror body; the thermometer bracket 102 is located in the middle of the mirror body and clamps the entire infrared detector 1, and is fixed on the top of the shell 2 ; The infrared temperature measuring port 103 is located directly below the mirror body; the shell 2 includes two cylinders with different diameters, the upper small and the lower large; the laser lamp 3 includes a laser lamp holder 301 and a laser lamp holder 302; In order to fix the laser lamp 3 on the casing 2, the angle between the laser lamp body and the laser lamp frame 301 is between 120 degrees and 150 degrees, and the laser lamp head 302 is installed at the bottom of the laser lamp 3; Bottom.

A method for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection, comprising the following steps:

(1) Press the double-ring sponge 4 on the inner capsule of tangerine peel to be measured, use the infrared temperature measuring port 103 to measure the temperature of the inner capsule of tangerine peel, and obtain and record the initial temperature t ₁ ;

(2) Irradiate the same position on the inner capsule of tangerine peel with the laser light 3, after 3 to 5 seconds of irradiation, use the infrared detector 1 to measure the surface temperature of the same position of the inner capsule of tangerine peel again, record the temperature t ₂ after the temperature rise, according to t ₁ Obtain the temperature difference Δt ₁ with t ₂ , compare the temperature difference and the moisture content curve, and obtain the moisture content ω of the dried tangerine peel corresponding to the temperature difference Δt ₁ ;

(3) Through the obtained water content value, draw a horizontal straight line of the measured water content in the dynamic water content curve graph, and obtain the intersection points a, b, c, d, e... of several different years, and in each A vertical straight line is drawn from the intersection points, each vertical straight line and the first-order derivative curve of dynamic water cut correspond to several points a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , e ₁ ......; compare a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , e ₁ . . . , the decreasing speed v _1n of the same moisture content ω of dried tangerine peel in different years can be obtained;

(4) After standing and cooling the dried tangerine peel for 3 to 5 seconds, use the infrared detector 1 to measure the surface temperature of the inner capsule of the dried tangerine peel at the same position, record the temperature t ₃ after cooling, and obtain the temperature difference Δt ₂ according to t ₂ and t ₃ , By comparing the temperature difference and the water content decreasing speed graph, the water content decreasing speed v ₂ is obtained;

(5) Compare v ₂ with v _{1n of several different years of tangerine peel, find out the v 1n that} is most similar to v ₂ , and determine the specific year of tangerine peel to be tested.

In the step (1), according to Planck's law of radiation, the formula for infrared temperature measurement at the inner capsule of tangerine peel is as follows:

为大气透射率且

=1，T'_obj 为热像仪测量物体温度，T_refl为反射环境温度，T_atm为大气温度，n=3.9889。 In the formula: T _obj is the surface temperature of the object, ε is the surface emissivity of the object,

is the atmospheric transmittance and

=1, T' _obj is the temperature of the object measured by the thermal imager, T _refl is the reflected ambient temperature, T _atm is the atmospheric temperature, n=3.9889.

In the step (2), the temperature difference and the water content curve are firstly obtained by using the temperature difference Δt1 measured by the infrared detector ₁ and the heating thermal inertia of the inner capsule of the dried orange peel obtained by remote sensing. The moisture content ω on the surface of the inner capsule of dried tangerine peel is displayed, and then obtained by interpolation of multiple sets of data, as shown in Figure 5; the fitting function relationship is as follows:

定时得出陈皮含水率，在时间域上建立不同年 份广陈皮样本含水率数据拟合所得，如图6(a)所示；其拟合函数关系式如下：In the step (3), the dynamic moisture content curve is based on the principle that the change in the quality of the dried tangerine peel is approximately equal to the change in the moisture content of the dried tangerine peel.

The moisture content of dried tangerine peel is obtained at regular intervals, and the moisture content data of dried tangerine peel samples in different years are fitted in the time domain, as shown in Figure 6(a); the fitting function is as follows:

In the formula: t is the time, e is a constant, and the subscripts 1, 2, 3... are the corresponding years of tangerine peel.

The first-order derivative curve of the dynamic water content is obtained by calculating the first-order derivative of the dynamic water content curve, as shown in Figure 6(b); the fitting function is as follows:

In the formula: t is the time, e is a constant, and the subscripts 1, 2, 3... are the corresponding years of tangerine peel.

In the step (4), the temperature difference and the water content decreasing speed curve are firstly using the temperature difference Δt ₂ measured by the infrared detector 1, and through the Fourier heat conduction law, inverting the water content decreasing speed v ₂ on the surface of the inner capsule of dried tangerine peel , and then obtained by the interpolation fitting of multiple sets of data, as shown in Figure 7; the fitting function relationship is as follows:

获得含水率的下降速度v₂；最终，比对出与v₂最相近的v_1n，即可得出广陈皮的 具体年份。 The principle of the present invention is: (1) Since the specific heat capacity of water is constant, the higher the moisture content of dried tangerine peel, the smaller the temperature rises under the condition of absorbing fixed heat. Therefore, the functional image relationship between the temperature difference Δt ₁ and the moisture content ω can be used to obtain The moisture content ω of dried tangerine peel is inferred, and then through the relationship between the moisture content and the first derivative of water content and time, the decreasing speed v _1n of the same moisture content ω in different years is obtained; (2) After measuring the moisture content ω, keep The equipment is in a static state, and the inner surface of the dried tangerine peel is naturally cooled in a relatively closed space. Since the cooling process is only the process of heat conduction between the inner surface of the dried tangerine peel and the air, the absorption of the heat on the inner surface of the dried tangerine peel will cause the water molecules to volatilize, and the water will evaporate. The volatilization rate of molecules is the rate of decrease of water content, and the greater the temperature difference in cooling in the same time period, the faster the temperature decreases, and the faster the volatilization of water molecules. Therefore, the temperature difference Δt ₂ during the cooling process can reflect the volatilization rate of water molecules. That is, the decreasing speed v ₂ of the moisture content: the greater the temperature difference Δt ₂ during the cooling process, the greater the decreasing speed v ₂ of the moisture content of the dried tangerine peel, and the smaller the temperature difference Δt ₂ is, the smaller the decreasing speed v ₂ of the moisture content of the dried tangerine peel, through the conversion function relationship

Obtain the decreasing speed v ₂ of moisture content; finally, compare v _1n which is the closest to v ₂ , and then the specific year of tangerine peel can be obtained.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

(1) A method and device for detecting the moisture content and age of tangerine peel based on infrared detection of the present invention adopts non-contact infrared temperature measurement and laser heating, which is fast and will not damage the inner capsule surface of tangerine peel;

(2) The present invention can estimate the moisture content of dried tangerine peel by heating in a short time, which is convenient for subsequent storage;

(3) The present invention can quickly obtain the moisture content drop rate of the tested tangerine peel by short-time temperature rise and fall, and quickly compare the specific year of tangerine peel, so as to facilitate the selection of tangerine peel.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing equipment for the moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel.

Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the testing equipment for moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the infrared detector.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser lamp.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature difference and moisture content curve.

Figure 6(a) is the dynamic curve of moisture content of dried tangerine peel samples.

Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the first derivative curve of the moisture content of dried tangerine peel during the drying process.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the temperature difference and the rate of decrease of water content.

Among them, 1, infrared detector; 101, signal power interface; 102, thermometer bracket; 103, infrared temperature measurement port; 104, temperature display screen; 2, shell; 3, laser light; 301, laser light stand; 302 laser Lamp holder; 4. Double ring sponge.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the present invention can also make several modifications and improvements, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of detection equipment based on infrared detection for moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel includes an infrared detector 1, a casing 2, a laser light 3, and a double-ring sponge 4 sequentially from top to bottom; the infrared detector 1 The thermometer bracket 102 and screws are fixed on the top of the upper circular hollow column of the casing 2 in the middle, and the four laser lights 3 are evenly fixed on the top of the lower circular hollow column of the casing 2 through the laser light bracket 301 and the screws. The double-ring sponge 4 is embedded in the casing. 2 under the bottom of the round hollow column. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the infrared detector 1 includes a signal power interface 101, a temperature display screen 104, a thermometer bracket 102, and an infrared temperature measurement port 103 in order from top to bottom; the top of the infrared detector 1 The temperature display screen 104 is embedded on the left, and the signal power interface 101 is fixed on the right; the thermometer bracket 102 is clamped in half of the mirror body of the infrared detector 1 and fixed on the shell 2 with screws; the bottom of the mirror body is embedded in the infrared temperature measuring port 103 and the direction downward; as shown in FIG. 4 , the laser light 3 includes a laser light frame 301 and a laser light head 302 in order from top to bottom; the four laser lights 3 are equally fixed on the housing 2, and are fixed on the laser light by a knob The angle between the laser light body and the laser light frame 301 can be adjusted to 135 degrees through the knob at the third of the light body of the light 3. The laser light head 302 is installed at the bottom of the mirror body, and the orientations of the four laser light heads 302 converge to the double-ring sponge 4 the center of the circle.

When operating, first use the infrared detector 1 to measure the temperature: press the double-ring sponge 4 at the bottom of the entire device on the inner capsule of the tangerine peel, connect the data cable to the signal power interface 101, and then align the infrared temperature measuring port 103. The inner capsule of tangerine peel is used for temperature measurement, and the specific temperature measured will be displayed on the temperature display screen 104, and the initial temperature t ₁ will be recorded at this time; after pressing the button for 3 seconds, a signal will be triggered to make the laser light 3 start to work , the laser light 3 starts to irradiate the tangerine peel, and the four laser lamp heads are aimed at the same point on the inner capsule of the tangerine peel. After 3 seconds of irradiation, the temperature of the inner capsule of the tangerine peel increases, and the laser lamp 3 stops working; after the laser lamp 3 stops working, it will Trigger a signal to make the infrared detector 1 measure the surface temperature of the inner capsule of dried tangerine peel again, and record the temperature t ₂ after radiation; make the difference between the two measured temperatures t ₁ and t ₂ to obtain Δt ₁ . The temperature difference and moisture content curve of Δt 1 can be obtained to obtain the moisture content ω of tangerine peel corresponding to the temperature difference Δt ₁ . Taking the five-year tangerine peel as an example, the dynamic moisture content and the first derivative curve of the tangerine peel in other years can be obtained by interpolation, and the measured moisture content ω is drawn in the dynamic moisture content curve in Figure 6(a). A horizontal straight line of the size of the five different years is obtained, and then a vertical straight line is drawn at each intersection point, and each vertical straight line is the same as the dynamic water content in Fig. 6(b). The first derivative curve corresponds to the five points a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , e ₁ that intersect in different years. Comparing the ordinates corresponding to a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , and e ₁ can be obtained Get the descending speed v _1n of the same moisture content ω of tangerine peel in different years; after standing tangerine peel and naturally cooling for 4 seconds, measure the surface temperature of the same position in the inner capsule of tangerine peel with infrared detector 1, record the temperature t ₃ after cooling, According to t ₂ and t ₃ , the temperature difference Δt ₂ is obtained. By comparing the temperature difference and the water cut rate graph in Fig. 7, the water cut rate v ₂ is obtained. Finally, v ₂ is compared with v _1n of several different years of tangerine peel. Compare and find out v _1n which is the closest to v ₂ , so as to judge the specific year of the corresponding Cantonese tangerine peel.

The above are only examples of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention , are all equivalent replacement modes, and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a moisture content of dried tangerine peel and year detection equipment based on infrared detection, it is characterized in that: comprise the infrared detector, shell, laser lamp, double-ring sponge arranged successively from top to bottom; Infrared detector comprises signal power interface, temperature Display screen, thermometer bracket, infrared temperature measurement port; the signal power interface is located on the side of the temperature display screen and is fixed on the mirror body; the thermometer bracket is located in the middle of the mirror body and clamps the entire infrared detector, and is fixed on the outer shell. Directly above; the infrared temperature measurement port is located directly under the mirror body; the shell includes two cylinders with different diameters, the upper small and the lower large; the laser light includes a laser light holder and a laser light head; Fixed on the shell, the angle between the laser light body and the laser light frame is between 120 degrees and 150 degrees, and the laser light head is installed at the bottom of the laser light; the double-ring sponge is located at the bottom of the shell. 2. a moisture content of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection and an age detection method, it is characterized in that: adopt the moisture content of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 1 and the age detection equipment, comprise the following steps: (1) Press the double-ring sponge on the inner capsule of tangerine peel to be tested, use the infrared temperature measuring port to measure the temperature of the inner capsule of tangerine peel, and obtain and record the initial temperature t ₁ ; (2) Irradiate the same position on the inner capsule of tangerine peel with a laser light, after 3 to 5 seconds of irradiation, use an infrared detector to measure the surface temperature of the same position of the inner capsule of tangerine peel again, record the temperature t ₂ after heating, according to t ₁ and t _2. Obtain the temperature difference Δt ₁ , compare the temperature difference and the moisture content curve, and obtain the moisture content ω of the dried tangerine peel corresponding to the temperature difference Δt ₁ ; (3) Through the obtained water content value, draw a horizontal straight line of the measured water content in the dynamic water content curve graph, and obtain the intersection points a, b, c, d, e... of several different years, and in each A vertical straight line is drawn from the intersection points, each vertical straight line and the first-order derivative curve of dynamic water cut correspond to several points a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , e ₁ ......; compare a ₁ , b ₁ , c ₁ , d ₁ , e ₁ . . . , the decreasing speed v _1n of the same moisture content ω of dried tangerine peel in different years can be obtained; (4) After standing for 3 to 5 seconds to cool the dried tangerine peel, use an infrared detector to measure the surface temperature of the inner capsule of the dried tangerine peel, record the temperature t ₃ after cooling, and obtain the temperature difference Δt ₂ according to t ₂ and t ₃ . Comparing the temperature difference and the rate of decrease of water content, obtain the rate of decrease of water content v ₂ ; (5) Compare v ₂ with v _{1n of several different years of tangerine peel, find out the v 1n that} is most similar to v ₂ , and determine the specific year of tangerine peel to be tested. 3. The method for detecting moisture content and age of tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), according to Planck's law of radiation, infrared measurement is performed on the inner capsule of tangerine peel. Wen's formula is as follows:

In the formula: T _obj is the surface temperature of the object, ε is the surface emissivity of the object,

is the atmospheric transmittance and

=1, T' _obj is the temperature of the object measured by the thermal imager, T _refl is the reflected ambient temperature, T _atm is the atmospheric temperature, n=3.9889. 4. The method for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the temperature difference and the moisture content curve are first measured using an infrared detector The temperature difference Δt ₁ and the heating thermal inertia of the surface of the inner capsule of tangerine peel obtained by remote sensing, through the MODIS data and thermal inertia model, the moisture content ω of the inner capsule of tangerine peel is inverted, and then obtained by interpolation of multiple sets of data; its fitting function The relationship is as follows:

. 5. The method for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), the dynamic moisture content curve is approximately equal to the change in moisture content of dried tangerine peel by using the quality change of dried tangerine peel The principle of , by measuring the quality of tangerine peel before the experiment and the change in the quality of tangerine peel after each experimental period, using the formula

The moisture content of dried tangerine peel is obtained regularly, and the moisture content data of different years of dried tangerine peel samples are fitted in the time domain. The fitting function is as follows:

In the formula: t is the time, e is a constant, and the subscripts 1, 2, 3... are the corresponding years of tangerine peel. 6. the moisture content of tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 2 and the year detection method, it is characterized in that: the dynamic moisture content first-order derivative graph is that the dynamic moisture content graph obtains the first-order derivative gain, and its fitting The functional relationship is as follows:

In the formula: t is the time, e is a constant, and the subscripts 1, 2, 3... are the corresponding years of tangerine peel. 7. The method for detecting moisture content and age of dried tangerine peel based on infrared detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (4), the temperature difference and the moisture content decreasing speed curve are obtained by using the infrared detector 1 first. The measured temperature difference Δt ₂ is obtained through Fourier’s law of thermal conductivity, inversion of the water content drop rate v ₂ on the surface of the inner capsule of dried orange peel, and then obtained through the interpolation fitting of multiple sets of data. The fitting function is as follows:

.

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