CN114736078A - Preparation method and application of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN114736078A CN114736078A CN202210404822.0A CN202210404822A CN114736078A CN 114736078 A CN114736078 A CN 114736078A CN 202210404822 A CN202210404822 A CN 202210404822A CN 114736078 A CN114736078 A CN 114736078A
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- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008369 fruit flavor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) inoculating the composite bacillus agent to a smashed substance containing waste citrus fruits for fermentation to obtain a fermentation mixture; (2) filtering the fermented mixture to obtain liquid supernatant. The invention also discloses an application of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits prepared by the preparation method in citrus planting. The invention can realize the effective utilization of the agricultural waste citrus fruits, improves the absorption of crops to the nutrient substances of the microbial organic fertilizer, obviously improves the fruit flavor and obviously increases the economic income of farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fermentation, in particular to a preparation method and application of an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits.
Background
The enzyme technology is a microbial fermentation application technology developed by japan research and is currently popularized and applied in more than 20 countries in the world. The ferment is an active substance generated by anaerobic fermentation of fruits and vegetables or organic matter fermentation of functional strains, contains various trace elements, amino acids, probiotics and the like required by plant growth, is beneficial to plant absorption, and reduces diseases.
Fujian is a great province of orange planting, generates a large amount of orange waste fruits every year, and if the orange waste fruits are not treated and degraded in time, certain environmental pollution is caused, soil diseases can be generated, and healthy growth of oranges is influenced. At present, the treatment of the waste citrus is mainly field automatic decay and degradation or solid fermentation composting. However, the absorption and utilization rate of the plants to the organic fertilizer prepared by solid fermentation is far lower than that of the liquid organic fertilizer to be absorbed by crops.
The bacillus is a functional microbial bacterium which is widely applied in agriculture, the waste citrus fruits are used as a substrate, a liquid organic microbial fertilizer is prepared by fermenting beneficial bacillus strictly according to an enzyme preparation process, and after the obtained bacterial fertilizer is applied to an orchard, the quality of the citrus fruits can be improved, and the soil micro-ecological environment can be improved.
Therefore, how to develop an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits is a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a preparation method and an application of an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating the composite bacillus agent to a smashed material containing waste citrus fruits for fermentation to obtain a fermentation mixture;
(2) and filtering the fermentation mixture to obtain liquid supernatant, namely the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits.
Further, in the step (1), the preparation method of the composite bacillus agent comprises the following steps: will be provided withCarrying out antagonistic growth on bacillus, selecting strains which do not inhibit growth mutually, and fermenting until the concentration reaches 108And (5) cfu/mL or more, thus obtaining the composite bacillus agent.
The beneficial effect of the further technical scheme is that in the composite bacillus agent prepared by the invention, the function of the composite bacillus can be fully exerted, and the fermentation quality is improved.
Further, in the step (1), the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits is prepared by uniformly mixing brown sugar, smashed waste citrus fruits and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 10.
The method has the beneficial effects that the method strictly provides rich carbon sources for the growth of microorganisms according to the ferment fermentation process, and obtains rich active substances.
Further, in the step (1), the bacillus composition is inoculated on the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits according to the volume of 1% for fermentation.
Further, in the step (1), the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the fermentation time is 1-3 months. Further, the first two weeks of fermentation were periodically vented. Furthermore, fermentation was successful when a white film was formed on the mash containing the citrus waste fruit.
The further technical scheme has the advantages that the first two weeks of fermentation are anaerobic fermentation, and a large amount of gas is generated in the process, so that periodic exhaust is needed.
The invention also provides application of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits prepared by the preparation method in citrus planting.
An application of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits prepared by the preparation method in citrus planting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) diluting organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits to obtain bacterial fertilizer diluent for later use;
(2) pouring bacterial manure diluent for two times 1 month before the harvest of the citrus, wherein the time interval of each pouring is 10 days;
(3) and (5) randomly harvesting the citrus fruits after the last time of pouring the bacterial manure diluent for 10 days.
Further, in the step (1), the dilution factor is 250-300 times; in the step (2), the irrigation amount of the bacterial manure diluent is as follows: 50kg of citrus trees are produced, and each citrus tree is watered by 25kg each time.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the effective utilization of the agricultural waste citrus fruits, improves the absorption of crops to the nutrient substances of the microbial organic fertilizer, obviously improves the fruit flavor and obviously increases the economic income of farmers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out antagonistic growth on bacillus, selecting strains which do not inhibit growth, and fermenting until the concentration reaches 108More than cfu/mL to obtain a composite bacillus agent;
(2) uniformly mixing brown sugar, smashed citrus waste fruits and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10 to obtain smashed materials containing the citrus waste fruits;
(3) inoculating a composite bacillus agent to a mash containing waste citrus fruits according to the volume of 1%, fermenting at 28 ℃ for 2 months, periodically exhausting gas in the first two weeks of fermentation, and obtaining a fermentation mixture when a layer of white film-shaped material is formed on the mash containing the waste citrus fruits;
(4) and filtering the fermentation mixture to obtain liquid supernatant, namely the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits.
Example 2
The preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out antagonistic growth on bacillus, selecting strains which do not inhibit growth, and fermenting until the concentration reaches 108More than cfu/mL to obtain a composite bacillus agent;
(2) uniformly mixing brown sugar, smashed citrus waste fruits and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10 to obtain smashed materials containing the citrus waste fruits;
(3) inoculating the composite bacillus agent to the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits according to the volume of 1%, fermenting at 25 ℃ for 3 months, periodically exhausting gas in the first two weeks of fermentation, and obtaining a fermentation mixture when a layer of white film-shaped material is formed on the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits;
(4) and filtering the fermentation mixture to obtain liquid supernatant, namely the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits.
Example 3
The preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out antagonistic growth on bacillus, selecting strains which do not inhibit growth, and fermenting until the concentration reaches 108More than cfu/mL to obtain a composite bacillus agent;
(2) uniformly mixing brown sugar, smashed citrus waste fruits and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10 to obtain smashed materials containing the citrus waste fruits;
(3) inoculating the composite bacillus agent to the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits according to the volume of 1%, fermenting at 30 ℃ for 1 month, periodically exhausting gas in the first two weeks of fermentation, and obtaining a fermentation mixture when a layer of white film-shaped material is formed on the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits;
(4) and filtering the fermentation mixture to obtain liquid supernatant, namely the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits.
Example 4
The application of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits prepared by the preparation method in the embodiment 1-3 in citrus planting specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) diluting the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits by 300 times to obtain a bacterial fertilizer diluent for later use;
(2) pouring bacterial manure diluent twice 1 month before the harvest of the citrus, wherein each citrus tree producing 50kg of bacterial manure is poured with 25kg of bacterial manure diluent every time, and the time interval of each pouring is 10 days;
(3) and (5) randomly harvesting the citrus fruits after the last time of pouring the bacterial manure diluent for 10 days.
Performance testing
The citrus fruit obtained by watering the citrus tree with the organic microbial fertilizer in the example 1 is taken as a test group, and the using method is the same as that in the example 4; meanwhile, 25kg of water was used to irrigate the citrus trees in the same period to obtain citrus fruits as a control group. The soluble solid content and the organic acid content of the fruits of the test group and the control group are respectively measured, the solid/acid ratio value is calculated, and the harvesting time (i.e. the ripening time) of the fruits of the test group and the control group is compared.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparative test results of test group and control group
As can be seen from Table 1, the solid/acid ratio of the fruits of the test group is improved by about 30 percent compared with the fruits of the control group, so that the flavor of the citrus fruits is effectively improved; and fruits are harvested 10 days in advance.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inoculating the composite bacillus agent to a smashed material containing waste citrus fruits for fermentation to obtain a fermentation mixture;
(2) and filtering the fermentation mixture to obtain liquid supernatant, namely the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits.
2. The method for preparing the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the preparation method of the composite bacillus microbial agent comprises the following steps: carrying out antagonistic growth on bacillus, selecting strains which do not inhibit growth, and fermenting until the concentration reaches 108And (5) cfu/mL or more, thus obtaining the composite bacillus agent.
3. The preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits, according to the claim 1, is characterized in that in the step (1), the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits is prepared by uniformly mixing brown sugar, smashed waste citrus fruits and water according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 10.
4. The preparation method of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the compound bacillus agent is inoculated on the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits according to the volume of 1% for fermentation.
5. The method for preparing organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the fermentation time is 1-3 months.
6. The method for preparing organic microbial fertilizer based on citrus waste fruits according to claim 5, wherein periodic air exhaust is performed in the first two weeks of the fermentation.
7. The method for preparing the organic microbial fertilizer based on the waste citrus fruits according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation is successful when a layer of white film is formed on the smashed material containing the waste citrus fruits.
8. Use of the organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in citrus planting.
9. An application according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises in particular the following steps:
(1) diluting organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits to obtain bacterial fertilizer diluent for later use;
(2) pouring bacterial manure diluent for two times 1 month before the harvest of the citrus, wherein the time interval of each pouring is 10 days;
(3) and (5) randomly harvesting the citrus fruits after the last time of pouring the bacterial manure diluent for 10 days.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein in step (1), the dilution ratio is 250-300; in the step (2), the irrigation amount of the bacterial manure diluent is as follows: 50kg of citrus trees are produced, and each citrus tree is watered by 25kg each time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210404822.0A CN114736078A (en) | 2022-04-18 | 2022-04-18 | Preparation method and application of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210404822.0A CN114736078A (en) | 2022-04-18 | 2022-04-18 | Preparation method and application of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits |
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| CN202210404822.0A Pending CN114736078A (en) | 2022-04-18 | 2022-04-18 | Preparation method and application of organic microbial fertilizer based on waste citrus fruits |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115626843A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆市两川农业科技有限公司 | Citrus fruit discarding treatment method |
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Effective date of registration: 20231211 Address after: 350000 pudang village, Fuzhou suburb, Fujian Province Applicant after: Institute of Resources, Environment, and Soil Fertilizers, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Address before: 350003 No. 54, 247, Fuzhou, Fujian Applicant before: AGRICULTURAL BIORESOURCES INSTITUTE OF FUJIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |