CN114734074A - A portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of processing equipment, and provides a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment, which includes a spindle module, a feeding module, a drill body fixing module, a control module and a load-bearing frame. The spindle module includes a spindle motor, a spindle pulley transmission, a spline spindle and a special drill bit, which are used to drive the rotary cutting motion of the drill bit; the feed module includes a power unit and a positioning unit, which are used to drive the high-precision feed movement of the drill bit; The body fixing module is used for automatic feed drill and fast and stable clamping of workpiece materials; the control module is used for the control of drilling parameters, feed distance and start and stop. The invention realizes the rotation movement and feed movement of the main shaft at the same time through two independent motors, and can realize the change of drilling parameters during the drilling process, which well matches the characteristics of different materials; the hole-making equipment can be installed quickly and stably. Clamp to ensure the stability of hole-making efficiency and hole-making accuracy, and has a high degree of intelligence.

Description

A portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the field of processing equipment, in particular to a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment.

Background technique

Lightweight and high-strength carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRP) and metal materials resistant to alternating loads (such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, etc.) are the best choices for weight reduction and efficiency enhancement of high-end aerospace equipment. In order to ensure the highly reliable assembly and high-performance service of CFRP and laminated structures, tens of thousands of connection holes with high precision and high surface quality must be processed efficiently. Due to the fact that most of the holes are made at the assembly site, the space is limited, and the processing accessibility of traditional CNC machine tools and industrial robotic arms is poor and difficult to apply; manual processing has to be used, and the axial force of drilling feed needs to be controlled by the experience of workers. It is difficult to ensure the stability of hole-making accuracy, and when the hole-making hole diameter is too large or when drilling high-strength materials such as titanium alloys, the axial force is too large, making it impossible for workers to perform manual feeding operations. Therefore, there is a need to develop portable high-precision hole-making equipment suitable for small spaces.

Foreign research on portable automatic hole-making equipment has been carried out earlier. At present, there are automatic feed drill products from many companies on the market. For example, Jeremy Dean Watford of French APEX company invented "Feed OscillationVia Variable Pitch Gears", patented No. ZL 14/990,042, the invention adopts the air motor drive mode, and outputs the power to the main shaft through gear transmission to achieve a fixed rotation speed and feed speed. The entire mechanism is driven purely mechanically, with high reliability, but its transmission The ratio is fixed, and the machining parameters cannot be changed during the drilling process. Sebastian Pereira of France Seti Technology Co., Ltd. invented the "drilling device with automatic or controlled feed rate with self-aligning spindle", the patent number is ZL201710628905.7, the equipment is driven by dual motors Mode, the main motor and the auxiliary motor independently control the rotary motion and feeding motion of the drilling rig, the gear set has a compact structure, and the precision of the parts is high. The spindle structure is processed by a special process, which makes the price extremely expensive. The accuracy and stability are also difficult to meet the requirements, which seriously limits its wide application. Wang Fuji of Dalian University of Technology and others invented "a portable semi-automatic hole-making equipment and hole-making method", the patent number is ZL 202010441887.3, the equipment adopts a dual-motor drive mode, and the two motors control the rotating motion and feeding motion of the equipment respectively, It can realize stepless speed change and change process parameters, and can add an axial low-frequency vibration auxiliary module to realize the chip breaking function of difficult-to-machine metal materials. It is large and the movement accuracy is not easy to guarantee, and it is difficult to meet the needs of narrow space and high-precision hole making.

In summary, in order to meet the requirements of equipment miniaturization and precision stability for high-precision hole making in a narrow space of aerospace assembly sites, it is necessary to develop portable automatic feeding drilling equipment with more compact, reliable structure and high precision.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment. The portable high-precision automatic feeding drill includes: a spindle module 1 , a feeding module 2 , a drill body fixing module 3 and a control module 4 . The spindle motor 101 and the feed motor 201 are used to control the rotation and feed motion of the spindle, respectively. By controlling the relevant buttons on the PLC touch screen 401, the drilling parameters and feed distance for drilling composite materials and metal materials are set to realize the stacking process. Variable parameter machining of materials.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment, comprising a spindle module 1, a feeding module 2, a drill body fixing module 3, a control module 4 and a load-bearing frame;

The load-bearing frame is a shell 501, the shell 501 is a hollow structure with two opposite sides transparent, and the protective cover 502 is fixed on one transparent side, which is used to wrap the spindle motor 101 and the feed motor 201; the bottom surface platform 5013 of the guide rail is located in the shell within 501;

The spindle module 1 includes a spindle motor 101, a spindle pulley transmission device, a splined spindle 106 and a special drill bit 107; the spindle motor 101 is fixed on the motor base 108, and the motor base 108 is fixed on the housing 501; the spindle pulley transmission device includes a spindle timing belt wheel 102, main shaft timing belt 103, spline timing belt pulley 104, ball spline nut 105; the main shaft timing belt pulley 102 is installed on the output shaft of the spindle motor 101, and the power is transmitted to the spline timing belt pulley 104 through the main shaft timing belt 103 The ball spline nut 105 is divided into an outer stator and an inner rotor, the outer stator is fixed in the housing 501, and the inner rotor is connected with the splined synchronous pulley 104 to receive the power transmitted by the splined synchronous pulley 104; The layer rotor is provided with a ball groove, the spline spindle 106 passes through the ball groove, and the steel ball in the ball groove transmits the power to the spline spindle 106 to realize the rotation of the spline spindle 106; the front end of the spline spindle 106 is threaded with a special drill bit 107, realize the rotary cutting motion;

The feeding module 2 includes a power unit and a positioning unit;

The power unit includes a feeding motor 201 and a feeding belt transmission device; the feeding motor 201 is fixed on the feeding motor base 217, and the feeding motor base 217 is fixed on the casing 501 and is located below the motor base 108; the feeding belt transmission device Including feed synchronous pulley 202, feed synchronous pulley tensioning sleeve 203, feeding synchronous belt 204, ball screw synchronous pulley 205, ball screw tensioning sleeve 206, ball screw rear end bearing seat 207, ball Screw rear end bearing 208, ball screw 209, ball screw front end bearing seat 210, ball screw front end bearing 211 and ball screw nut 212; feed synchronous pulley 202 is installed through feed synchronous pulley tightening sleeve 203 On the output shaft of the feed motor 201, the power is transmitted to the ball screw timing pulley 205 through the feed timing belt 204; the end of the ball screw 209 is fixed on the ball screw timing pulley 205 through the ball screw tension sleeve 206 , and is supported by the ball screw rear end bearing 208 on the ball screw rear end bearing seat 207, and the other end is supported by the ball screw front end bearing 211 on the ball screw front end bearing seat 210; The ball screw nut 212 is fixed on the sliding table 213, and converts the rotational motion of the ball screw 209 into the linear motion of the sliding table 213;

The positioning unit includes a sliding table 213, a spindle end bearing 214, a sliding block 215 and a linear guide 216; the sliding block 215 is fixedly connected to the sliding table 213, and is matched with the linear guide 216 by ball pressing, and the sliding block 215 moves on the linear guide 216 ; The interior of the slide table 213 is hollow, and a pair of main shaft tail end bearings 214 are installed, and the rear end of the splined main shaft 106 is inserted into the inner ring of the main shaft tail end bearing 214;

The drill body fixing module 3 includes a drill sleeve 301, a drill template 302, an upper template fixing frame 303, an upper template 304, a lower template 305, a fixture bottom plate 306 and a lower template fixing frame 307; the drill sleeve 301 is a hollow structure as a whole, and the special drill bit 107 extends One end of the drill sleeve 301 is a flange structure 3011, which is fixed outside the casing 501, and a positioning groove 3012 is arranged inside to ensure the position between the drill sleeve 301 and the casing 501; The dust suction port 3013 is used to extract chips in time; the other end of the drill sleeve 301 is provided with a rotary clamping structure 3014, which is used to cooperate with the clamping bolts 3021 on the drill template 302, and the fixed drill sleeve 301 bears all axial directions during the drilling process. force and torque; simultaneously rotate the clamping structure 3014 and the clamping bolt 3021 to lock the drill sleeve 301 to avoid axial clearance;

The bottom plate 306 of the fixture is provided with a rectangular through hole, the front and rear sides of which are respectively fixed to the upper template fixing frame 303 and the lower template fixing frame 307; The template chute 3031, the drilling template 302 and the upper template 304 are placed between the sliding grooves 3031 to move; the outer surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the upper template fixing frame 303 are provided with front threaded holes 3032 for fixing the drilling template 302 and the upper template 304; The structure of the template fixing frame 307 is similar to that of the upper template fixing frame 303, and a lower template runner 3072 is also opened on it.

The drill template 302 is provided with spaced template holes 3022 for the axial positioning of the drill sleeve 301; around the template hole 3022 there are threaded holes for adding clamping bolts 3021 to limit the drilling of the drill sleeve 301 movement in the process;

The composite material and the metal laminate material 503 are pressed and clamped between the upper template 304 and the lower template 305;

The control module 4 includes a PLC touch screen 401 and a control box 402; the PLC touch screen 401 is used for the setting of drilling parameters, feed distance and start-stop, and the control box 402 transmits electrical signals to the spindle motor 101 and the feed motor 201 to achieve Drilling movement.

The linear guide rail 216 is fixed on the bottom surface platform 5013 of the guide rail in the housing 501 , and upper positions of the front bosses 5012 and the side bosses 5011 are respectively set at both ends.

The control module 4 includes a PLC touch screen 401 and a control box 402; the PLC touch screen 401 is used for the setting of drilling parameters, feed distance and start-stop, and the control box 402 transmits electrical signals to the spindle motor 101 and the feed motor 201 to achieve Drilling movement.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is to provide a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment, including a spindle module 1, a feeding module 2, a drill body fixing module 3, a control module 4 and a load-bearing frame; It realizes the rotation movement and feed movement of the main shaft, and can realize the change of drilling parameters during the drilling process, which can well match the characteristics of different materials; The combination of the drilling rigs realizes the feeding movement and has good movement accuracy, thereby ensuring the hole-making accuracy; through the design of the rotary clamping structure 3014 on the drill sleeve 301, the hole-making equipment can be clamped quickly and stably, ensuring the hole-making efficiency and hole-making efficiency. The stability of accuracy; the drilling template 302, the upper template 304 and the lower template 305 can be translated back and forth, which can adapt to the hole making requirements of different positions and different sizes of workpieces; the equipment is controlled by the PLC touch screen 401, with a high degree of intelligence.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the bottom view exploded schematic diagram of the portable high-precision automatic feeding drill;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram 1 of the hidden parts of the overall structure of the portable high-precision automatic feed drill;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram 2 of the hidden parts of the overall structure of the portable high-precision automatic feed drill;

Figure 4 is a front view of the clamping of the parts to be processed;

Figure 5 is a rear view of the parts to be processed after clamping;

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portable high-precision automatic feed drill;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the portable high-precision automatic feed drill.

Among them: 1 spindle module, 101 spindle motor, 102 spindle synchronous pulley, 103 spindle synchronous belt, 104 spline synchronous pulley, 105 ball spline nut, 106 spline spindle, 107 special drill bit, spindle motor base 108; 2 in Feeding module, 201 feed motor, 202 timing pulley, 203 timing pulley tensioner, 204 feed timing belt, 205 ball screw timing pulley, 206 ball screw tension sleeve, 207 ball screw rear end bearing Seat, 208 ball screw rear end bearing, 209 ball screw, 210 ball screw front end bearing seat, 211 ball screw front end bearing, 212 ball screw nut, 213 slide table, 214 main shaft tail end bearing, 215 slider, 216 linear guide rail, 217 motor base; 3 drill body fixing module, 301 drill sleeve, 302 drill template, 303 upper template fixing frame, 304 upper template, 305 lower template, 306 clamp bottom plate, 307 lower template fixing frame; 3011 flange structure , 3012 positioning groove, 3013 dust suction port, 3014 rotary card position structure, 3021 card position bolt, 3022 template hole, 3031 chute, 3032 front threaded hole, 3071 rear threaded hole; 3072 lower template chute; 4 control modules, 401PLC touch screen, 402 control box; 501 shell, 502 protective cover, 503 composite and metal laminate materials, 5011 rail side boss, 5012 rail front positioning boss, 5013 rail bottom platform.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1 to 7 , a portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment includes: a spindle module 1, a feeding module 2, a drill body fixing module 3, a control module 4 and a load-bearing frame.

In this embodiment, the spindle motor base 108 of the spindle module 1 is connected to the spindle motor 101 through bolts. The spindle motor 101 is a power source, and the spindle motor 101 and the spindle timing pulley 102 are tightly connected, and the spindle timing belt 103 is used to synchronize the spindle. The pulley 102 is connected to the spline timing pulley 104 . The spline timing pulley 104 is fastened to one end of the ball spline nut 105 by bolts, and the other end of the ball spline nut 105 is fitted into the mounting hole of the housing 501 . The ball spline nut 105 is divided into two parts: the outer stator and the inner rotor. The inner rotor part has ball grooves. The power is transmitted to the spline spindle 106 through the balls, limiting the circumferential freedom of the spline spindle 106 and providing the shaft. to degrees of freedom. The end of the spline spindle 106 is connected with a special drill bit 107 by means of threaded fastening, a large taper cone surface positioning, and the special drill bit 107 performs actions according to the movement of the spiral advance.

In this embodiment, the feed motor base 217 connected with the housing 501 by bolts is used in the feed module 2 to fix the feed motor 201 , and the synchronous pulley 202 is installed on the shaft of the feed motor 201 by the synchronous pulley tensioning sleeve 203 end. The feeding timing belt 204 is used to transmit the torque to the ball screw timing pulley 205 , and the ball screw tensioning sleeve 206 is used to connect one end of the ball screw timing pulley 205 and the ball screw 209 . The ball screw rear end bearing seat 207 of the ball screw 209 and the housing 501 are connected by bolts, and at the same time, the ball screw front end bearing seat 210 and the housing 501 are connected. The ball screw front end bearing 211 connects the ball screw 209 and the ball screw front end bearing seat 210 . This part is the feed module 2 power unit.

In this embodiment, the positioning unit of the feeding module 2 is: the linear guide 216 is fastened to the housing 501 with bolts, the front and side ends of the linear guide 216 are positioned by the positioning structure designed by the housing 501, and the slider 215 and the linear guide 216 is connected by means of ball grooves, the lower surface of the sliding table 213 is matched with the slider 215, and is connected by bolts. A bearing hole is provided in the middle of the sliding table 213, and a pair of main shaft rear end bearings 214 are placed to locate the rear end of the splined main shaft 106. A through hole is formed on the side of the slide table 213 close to the ball screw 209 , and the ball screw nut 212 is connected with the through hole by bolts. The rotary motion of the feeding motor 201 is converted into linear motion by the ball screw 209 and transmitted to the sliding table 213 , and pushes the feeding motion of the spline spindle 106 .

In this embodiment, the drill sleeve 301 and the housing 501 of the drill body fixing module 3 are positioned by the flange structure 3011 using the positioning groove 3012, and the bolts are fastened; The drill sleeve 301 is matched with the cylindrical surface of the template hole 3022. The drill template 302 is fastened to the upper template fixing frame 303 through the chute 3031 and bolts. The upper template 304 on the upper template fixing frame 303 and the lower template 305 of the lower template fixing frame 307 are jointly In cooperation with clamping the composite material and the metal laminate material 503, the lower template fixing frame 307 is used to fix the lower template 305, and the fixture bottom plate 306 provides rigid support and processing requirements for the fixture as a whole.

In this embodiment, the control module includes a PLC touch screen 401 and a control box 402; the PLC touch screen is used for the setting of drilling parameters, feed distance and start and stop. The processing parameters are changed in real time, and the signals are transmitted to the spindle motor and the feed motor through the control box to realize the drilling movement.

In this embodiment, a protective cover 502 is also provided. The protective cover 502 is mounted on the housing 501 by screws, and is used to cover the spindle module 1 and the feed module 2 to prevent the provided moving parts from causing injury to the user.

Claims (2)

1. The portable high-precision automatic feeding drilling equipment is characterized by comprising a main shaft module (1), a feeding module (2), a drill body fixing module (3), a control module (4) and a bearing frame;

the bearing frame is a shell (501), the shell (501) is a hollow structure with two opposite sides being through, and a protective cover (502) is fixed on one through side and used for wrapping the spindle motor (101) and the feeding motor (201); the guide rail bottom platform (5013) is positioned in the shell (501);

the main shaft module (1) comprises a main shaft motor (101), a main shaft pulley transmission device, a spline main shaft (106) and a special drill bit (107); the spindle motor (101) is fixed on the motor base (108), and the motor base (108) is fixed on the shell (501); the main shaft belt pulley transmission device comprises a main shaft synchronous belt pulley (102), a main shaft synchronous belt (103), a spline synchronous belt pulley (104) and a ball spline nut (105); a main shaft synchronous pulley (102) is arranged on an output shaft of a main shaft motor (101), and power is transmitted to a spline synchronous pulley (104) through a main shaft synchronous belt (103); the ball spline nut (105) is divided into an outer stator and an inner rotor, the outer stator is fixed in the shell (501), and the inner rotor is connected with the spline synchronous pulley (104) and receives power transmitted by the spline synchronous pulley (104); the inner rotor is provided with a ball channel, the spline spindle (106) penetrates through the ball channel, and a steel ball in the ball channel transmits power to the spline spindle (106) to realize rotation of the spline spindle (106); the front end of the spline main shaft (106) is in threaded connection with a special drill bit (107) to realize rotary cutting movement;

the feeding module (2) comprises a power unit and a positioning unit;

the power unit comprises a feeding motor (201) and a feeding belt transmission device; the feeding motor (201) is fixed on the feeding motor base (217), and the feeding motor base (217) is fixed on the shell (501) and is positioned below the motor base (108); the feeding belt transmission device comprises a feeding synchronous pulley (202), a feeding synchronous pulley tensioning sleeve (203), a feeding synchronous belt (204), a ball screw synchronous pulley (205), a ball screw tensioning sleeve (206), a ball screw rear end bearing seat (207), a ball screw rear end bearing (208), a ball screw (209), a ball screw front end bearing seat (210), a ball screw front end bearing (211) and a ball screw nut (212); the feeding synchronous pulley (202) is arranged on an output shaft of the feeding motor (201) through a feeding synchronous pulley tensioning sleeve (203), and power is transmitted to the ball screw synchronous pulley (205) through a feeding synchronous belt (204); the tail end of a ball screw (209) is fixed on a ball screw synchronous pulley (205) through a ball screw tensioning sleeve (206) and is supported through a ball screw rear end bearing (208) on a ball screw rear end bearing seat (207), and the other end of the ball screw synchronous pulley is supported through a ball screw front end bearing (211) on a ball screw front end bearing seat (210); a ball screw nut (212) sleeved on the ball screw (209) is fixed on the sliding table (213) and converts the rotary motion of the ball screw (209) into the linear motion of the sliding table (213);

the positioning unit comprises a sliding table (213), a main shaft tail end bearing (214), a sliding block (215) and a linear guide rail (216); the sliding table (213) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (215), and the sliding block (215) moves on the linear guide rail (216); the sliding table (213) is hollow and is provided with a pair of main shaft tail end bearings (214), and the rear end of the spline main shaft (106) is fixed on the inner ring of the main shaft tail end bearing (214);

the drill body fixing module (3) comprises a drill bushing (301), a drill plate (302), an upper template fixing frame (303), an upper template (304), a lower template (305), a clamp bottom plate (306) and a lower template fixing frame (307); the whole drill bush (301) is of a hollow structure, and the special drill bit (107) extends into the hollow structure; one end of the drill bushing (301) is a flange structure (3011) and is fixed outside the shell (501), and a positioning groove (3012) is arranged inside the drill bushing and is used for ensuring the position between the drill bushing (301) and the shell (501); the middle part of the drill bush (301) is provided with a dust suction port (3013) for timely drawing out cuttings; the other end of the drill bushing (301) is provided with a rotary clamping structure (3014) which is used for being matched with a clamping bolt (3021) on the drill template (302) and fixing the drill bushing (301) to bear all axial force and torque in the drilling process; meanwhile, the rotary clamping structure (3014) and the clamping bolt (3021) are matched to lock the drill bushing (301), so that an axial gap is avoided;

the clamp bottom plate (306) is provided with a rectangular through hole, and the front side and the rear side of the clamp bottom plate are respectively fixed with an upper template fixing frame (303) and a lower template fixing frame (307); the section of the upper template fixing frame (303) is in a shape of a square, opposite surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the upper template fixing frame are correspondingly provided with template sliding grooves (3031), and the drill template (302) and the upper template (304) are arranged between the sliding grooves (3031) to move; the outer surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the upper template fixing frame (303) are respectively provided with a front threaded hole (3032) for fixing the drill template (302) and the upper template (304); the structure of the lower template fixing frame (307) is similar to that of the upper template fixing frame (303), a lower template sliding groove (3072) is also formed in the lower template fixing frame, the lower template (305) is placed between the lower template sliding grooves (3072) to move, and the lower template (305) is fixed through a rear threaded hole (3071);

template holes (3022) with intervals are formed in the drill template (302) and are used for axially positioning the drill bushing (301); threaded holes are formed around the template hole (3022) and are used for additionally installing a clamping bolt (3021);

the upper template (304) and the lower template (305) are pressed and clamped with the composite material and the metal laminated material (503);

the control module (4) comprises a PLC touch screen (401) and a control box (402); the PLC touch screen (401) is used for setting drilling parameters, feeding distance and starting and stopping, and electric signals are transmitted to the spindle motor (101) and the feeding motor (201) through the control box (402), so that drilling movement is achieved.

2. The portable high-precision automatic feed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear guide (216) is fixed on a guide rail bottom platform (5013) in the housing (501), and the two ends are respectively provided with a front boss (5012) and a side boss (5011) for limiting.

Images