CN114726033A - Charge and discharge control method of battery system based on dynamic reconfigurable battery network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging and discharging control method and device for a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network, wherein the method includes: acquiring a load voltage requirement in a discharging process or acquiring a charging voltage requirement in a charging process, and according to the voltage requirement Determine the target number of battery packs in series, determine the target number of target battery packs according to the state information of each battery pack, determine the target battery cell according to the status information of the cells in the target battery pack, and set the target battery pack containing the target battery cell Connect to the system to power loads or charge battery packs. The discharging strategy of the present invention can support the load's demand for high power, and the charging strategy can solve the problem of balance among cells.

Description

Charge and discharge control method of battery system based on dynamic reconfigurable battery network

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of battery systems, in particular to a method and device for controlling charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network.

Background technique

With the integration of large-scale intermittent new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, the stable operation of the power grid faces new challenges, and energy storage technology has become an indispensable part of the new power system because it can stabilize fluctuations and improve power quality. missing part. Among them, electrochemical energy storage has received extensive attention due to its advantages such as fast response speed and mature technical route.

The core of electrochemical energy storage is a large-scale battery system and its management. In order to meet the requirements of load voltage and current, traditional battery systems usually connect a large number of battery cells in a fixed series-parallel manner. However, due to the differences between battery cells, this fixed connection method will have a "cask effect", that is, the performance of the entire battery system depends on the worst-performing battery cell, resulting in low energy efficiency and reliability. lower issues.

In order to solve the performance defects of traditional fixed series-parallel systems, a Dynamically Reconfigurable Battery (DRB) network was proposed and widely used. This kind of battery network deeply couples the battery cells with the power electronic switches, and realizes the millisecond-level reconstruction of the battery network topology through the high-frequency action of the switches, so that it can flexibly meet the voltage and current requirements of the load, and at the same time realize the communication between the battery cells. Balance, improve the service life and operating efficiency of the system. However, the DRB network is a dynamic and complex nonlinear network, and the study of its control strategy is also a rather complicated and difficult problem.

The control strategy of DRB network has been widely studied by scholars at home and abroad. At present, the commonly used control strategies include dynamic programming, deep reinforcement learning, and N-select-k control. Dynamic programming decomposes complex problems into sub-problems and solves them in turn, but this method is very dependent on the battery model and parameters; deep reinforcement learning generates corresponding control methods through continuous training, but this method is computationally intensive and requires a lot of However, the existing strategies do not distinguish the difference between charging and discharging processes, and cannot take into account the charging and discharging process. optimum performance of the process. Therefore, the DRB system needs a new control strategy, which can satisfy both the support of high-power loads during discharge and the balance of battery cells during charging, and realize real-time control of battery system charge and discharge at low computing costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to satisfy both the support of high power in the discharge process and the balance of battery cells in the charging process, and propose a battery system charge and discharge control method based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a battery system charge and discharge control device based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention proposes a battery system charge and discharge control method based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network, including the following steps:

Step 1, during the discharging process, obtain the load voltage demand, and determine the first target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the load voltage demand, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel;

Step 2: Obtain first status information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the first target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network as the first target according to the first status information Battery;

Step 3: Acquire second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose second state information meets a preset condition as the first target battery cell;

Step 4: Connect the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to the system to supply power to the load.

According to the method for controlling the charging and discharging of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to an embodiment of the present invention, the load voltage demand is obtained during the discharging process or the charging voltage demand is obtained during the charging process, and the target number of series-connected battery packs is determined according to the voltage demand, Determine the target number of target battery packs according to the status information of each battery pack, determine the target battery cells according to the status information of the cells in the target battery pack, and connect the target battery pack containing the target battery cells to the system to perform load monitoring. supply power or charge the battery pack. The discharge strategy of the present invention can support the load's demand for high power, and the charging strategy can solve the problem of balance between cells.

In addition, the method for controlling charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to the foregoing embodiments of the present invention further includes:

Further, the step 2 includes:

calculating a first average value of the state of charge of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, sorting a plurality of battery groups according to the first average value of the state of charge, and selecting from the reconfigurable battery network The first target number of battery packs with the highest average value of the first state of charge is used as the first target battery pack.

Further, the step 3 includes:

Calculate the first operating state and the first state of charge of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and determine that the battery cell is in a non-abnormal state according to the first operating state of the battery cell, and the When the first state of charge is not lower than the state of charge threshold, it is determined that the battery cell is the first target battery cell.

Further, after the step 4, it also includes:

When the load changes, or when the reconfiguration period arrives, steps 1 to 4 are re-executed.

Further, the method also includes:

The reconfiguration period is determined according to the current magnitude of the load and the state of charge of the target battery pack.

Further, the method also includes:

Step 5, during the charging process, obtain a charging voltage requirement, and determine a second target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the charging voltage requirement;

Step 6: Obtain third state information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the second target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network as the second target according to the third state information Battery;

Step 7: Obtain fourth state information of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and use some of the battery cells whose fourth state information meets a preset condition as the second target battery cell;

Step 8: Connect the second target battery pack including the second target battery cells to the system to charge the battery pack.

Further, the step 6 includes:

calculating the second average value of the state of charge of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, sorting the plurality of battery groups according to the second average value of the state of charge, and selecting the first battery group from the reconfigurable battery network Second, the second target number of battery packs with the lowest state of charge average value is taken as the second target battery pack.

Further, the step 7 includes:

Calculate the second operating state and the second state of charge of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and determine that the battery cell is in a non-abnormal state according to the second operating state of the battery cell, and the When the second state of charge is lower than the state of charge threshold, determine that the battery cell is a candidate for the second target battery cell, and select some cells with a lower state of charge from the candidate cells as the second target battery cell.

In order to achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention provides a battery system charge and discharge control device based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network, including:

a first determining module, configured to obtain a load voltage requirement during the discharge process, and determine a first target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the load voltage requirement, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel;

a first selection module, configured to acquire first state information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the first target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network according to the first state information as the first target battery pack;

a second selection module, configured to acquire second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose second state information satisfies a preset condition as the first target battery cell;

A first access module, configured to connect the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to a system to supply power to a load.

The battery system charge and discharge control device based on the dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to the embodiment of the present invention obtains the load voltage demand during the discharge process or obtains the charge voltage demand during the charging process, determines the target number of battery packs connected in series according to the voltage demand, and determines the target number of battery packs in series according to the voltage demand. The state information of each battery pack determines the target number of target battery packs, determines the target battery cells according to the status information of the cells in the target battery pack, and connects the target battery pack containing the target battery cells to the system to supply power to the load Or charge the battery pack. The discharge strategy of the present invention can support the load's demand for high power, and the charging strategy can solve the problem of balance between cells.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

For the discharge process, since the change of the load is uncontrollable, the discharge strategy adopts the principle of "select all within the group and reconfigure between groups" to support the load's demand for high power; for the charging process, since the voltage and current of the charging are artificially controllable, the charging The strategy adopts the principle of "reconstruction within and between groups" to solve the problem of balance between individuals. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: firstly, the charging and discharging control method is optimized, taking into account the different demands in the charging and discharging process; secondly, it is widely applicable and does not depend on specific battery models and parameters; thirdly, the calculation amount is small, and it is suitable for real-time control the occasion.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the framework of an M×N reconfigurable battery network in the prior art;

2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flowchart of a discharge process control strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a flowchart of a charging process control strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system charge and discharge control device based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only Embodiments are part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following describes the method and device for controlling the charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Battery system charge and discharge control method.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the prior art M×N reconfigurable battery network, each battery cell in the figure is connected to a switch, and the on-off of this switch controls whether the cell is connected to the system. Each battery pack is made up of N cells in parallel, and M battery packs are connected in series to form the entire network. Each battery pack has a bypass switch, which is complementary to the switch in the corresponding battery pack, and is used to provide a path for current when all the cells in the battery pack are not connected to the system.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 2, the battery system charge and discharge control method based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network includes the following steps:

Step S1, during the discharging process, the load voltage demand is obtained, and the first target number of battery packs to be connected in series is determined according to the load voltage demand, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel.

Specifically, the number of battery packs that need to be connected in series is determined according to the load voltage requirement. Assuming that the voltage required by the load is V _d and the average terminal voltage of the battery pack is V _d , the number of battery packs that need to be connected in series is calculated as

Step S2, acquiring first state information of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, and selecting a first target number of battery groups from the reconfigurable battery network as the first target battery group according to the first state information.

Specifically, the state of the battery cells is first detected, and the faulty battery is eliminated. Each battery cell has a discharge cutoff voltage V _cutoff . When the system is running, the voltage detection module detects the terminal voltage V _ij of each battery cell in real time. If the terminal voltage of a cell is lower than the cutoff voltage, that is,

V _ij < V _cutoff

Then the cell will exit the system and will no longer participate in the subsequent discharge process. Similarly, if the fault detection module detects that a certain unit has faults such as abnormal temperature and short circuit, it will isolate the faulty unit in time. This approach can not only ensure the safety of the system, prevent the further expansion of the fault, but also enable the The remaining non-faulty batteries continue to discharge, improving system utilization.

Then select m _d battery packs. Calculate the average state of charge of each battery pack using the formula:

Among them, SOC _i represents the average SOC of the ith battery pack, N represents the total number of cells in the battery pack, and SOC _ij represents the SOC of the jth cell in the ith battery pack. If there is a cell isolated by the system in the battery pack, then the SOC of the cell is calculated by substituting it into the above formula as equal to zero, and then the average SOC of the M battery packs is arranged in descending order, and the first m _d battery packs are connected to the system, and the others are connected to the system. The battery pack is shorted through the bypass switch.

In step S3, second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack is acquired, and a battery cell whose second state information satisfies a preset condition is used as the first target battery cell.

Specifically, all available cells in each battery pack are put into operation, that is, all-selection mode is adopted in the pack, and no reconfiguration is performed, in order to meet the demand for high power of the load. In this step, it is necessary to check whether the selected battery pack can meet the current demand of the load. If the power and voltage of the load are known to be P _d and V _d respectively, the load current is

Assuming that the number of available cells in the battery pack is _na and the maximum discharge current of each cell is I _cr , the following conditions need to be checked for each selected battery pack:

I _d <n _a I _cr

If the above conditions are met, it means that the battery pack can withstand the corresponding discharge current. Otherwise, the battery pack cannot be put into operation. At this time, the battery pack should be shielded, and then return to step S2 to re-determine the serial number of the battery pack put into operation.

Step S4, connecting the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to the system to supply power to the load.

Steps S1 to S4 are the control strategy of the discharge process. Whenever the load changes or a new reconfiguration cycle begins, the strategy needs to be re-executed. The overall flow is shown in FIG. 3 . For the reconstruction period, the following formula is used to estimate:

Among them, the unit of T _s is seconds, I is the normalized discharge current, the unit is C, and δ is the percentage coefficient, and the value satisfies:

In addition to the above-mentioned discharge process, it also includes the charging process, which is described as follows:

Step S5 , during the charging process, obtain a charging voltage requirement, and determine a second target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the charging voltage requirement.

Specifically, the number of battery packs connected in series is determined according to the magnitude of the charging voltage. Assuming that the charging voltage is V _s and the average terminal voltage of the battery pack is V _avg , the number of battery packs that need to be connected in series is

Step S6, acquiring third state information of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, and selecting a second target number of battery groups from the reconfigurable battery network as the second target battery group according to the third state information.

Specifically, the state of the battery cells is first detected, and the faulty battery is eliminated. There is a full charge voltage V _over for each battery cell. When the system is running, the voltage detection module detects the terminal voltage V _ij of each battery cell in real time. If the terminal voltage of a cell is lower than the full charge voltage, that is

V _ij >V _over

Then the unit will exit the system and will no longer participate in the subsequent charging process. Similarly, if the fault detection module detects that a cell has faults such as abnormal temperature and short circuit, it will isolate the faulty cell in time.

Then select m _s battery packs. Calculate the average state of charge of each battery pack. It should be noted that, unlike the discharge state, only the state of charge of the available cells is considered at this time. The calculation formula is:

Among them, SOC _i represents the average state of charge of the ith battery pack, n represents the total number of available cells in the battery pack, and SOC _ij represents the SOC of the jth available cell in the ith battery pack. The average SOC of the M battery packs is then arranged in ascending order, the first _ms battery packs are taken to be connected to the system, and the other battery packs are short-circuited through the bypass switch.

Step S7: Obtain fourth state information of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and use some of the battery cells whose fourth state information satisfies a preset condition as the second target battery cell.

Specifically, some battery cells are selected from each selected battery pack and connected to the system for charging. As an example, assuming that there are n available battery cells in a certain battery pack, select n-1 cells with a smaller SOC to connect to the system, and another cell with the largest SOC is disconnected from the system, so that The purpose is to achieve the SOC balance of each monomer in the group.

In addition, it is necessary to check whether the selected battery pack can meet the requirements of the charging current. Knowing that the power and voltage of the charging power supply are P _s and V _s respectively, the load current is

The number of battery cells connected to the battery pack is n-1, and the maximum discharge current of each cell is I _cr . For each selected battery pack, the following conditions need to be checked:

I _s ≤(n-1)I _cr

If the above conditions are met, it means that the battery pack can withstand the corresponding charging current, otherwise the battery pack cannot be put into operation. At this time, the battery pack should be shielded and then return to step S2 to re-determine the serial number of the battery pack put into operation.

It should be understood that if the remaining combination still cannot meet the current requirement, the power of the charging power source should be reduced.

Steps S5 to S8 are the control strategy of the charging process. Whenever the load changes or a new reconfiguration cycle begins, the strategy needs to be re-executed. The overall flow is shown in FIG. 4 . For the reconstruction period, the estimation method is consistent with the discharge process, where the value of δ satisfies:

In step S8, the second target battery pack including the second target battery cells is connected to the system to charge the battery pack.

Through the above steps, the load voltage demand is obtained during the discharging process or the charging voltage demand is obtained during the charging process, the target number of battery packs connected in series is determined according to the voltage demand, the target number of target battery packs is determined according to the status information of each battery pack, and according to the The state information of the cells in the target battery pack determines the target battery cell, and the target battery pack including the target battery cell is connected to the system to supply power to the load or charge the battery pack. The discharge strategy of the present invention can support the load's demand for high power, and the charging strategy can solve the problem of balance between cells.

It should be noted that there are many ways to realize the charging and discharging control method of the battery system based on the dynamic reconfigurable battery network. The problems of inter-body equilibrium are all solutions to existing technical problems and have corresponding effects.

In order to implement the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , this embodiment also provides a battery system charge and discharge control device 10 based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network. The device 10 includes: a first determination module 100 , a first The selection module 200 , the second selection module 300 , and the first access module 400 .

The first determination module 100 is configured to obtain the load voltage requirement during the discharge process, and determine the first target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the load voltage requirement, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel;

The first selection module 200 is configured to acquire first state information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select a first target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network as the first target battery according to the first state information Group;

The second selection module 300 is configured to acquire second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose second state information meets a preset condition as the first target battery cell;

The first access module 400 is configured to connect the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to the system to supply power to the load.

In addition to the above-mentioned discharge modules 100 to 400, a charging module is also included, which specifically includes:

The second determining module 500 is configured to obtain the charging voltage requirement during the charging process, and determine the second target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the charging voltage requirement;

The third selection module 600 is configured to acquire third state information of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, and select a second target number of battery groups from the reconfigurable battery network as the second target battery according to the third state information Group;

a fourth selection module 700, configured to acquire fourth state information of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and use part of the battery cells whose fourth state information meets a preset condition as the second target battery cell;

The second access module 800 is configured to connect the second target battery pack including the second target battery cells to the system to charge the battery pack.

According to the battery system charging and discharging control device based on the dynamically reconfigurable battery network according to the embodiment of the present invention, the load voltage demand is obtained during the discharging process or the charging voltage demand is obtained during the charging process, and the target number of battery packs connected in series is determined according to the voltage demand, Determine the target number of target battery packs according to the status information of each battery pack, determine the target battery cells according to the status information of the cells in the target battery pack, and connect the target battery pack containing the target battery cells to the system to perform load monitoring. supply power or charge the battery pack. The discharge strategy of the present invention can support the load's demand for high power, and the charging strategy can solve the problem of balance between cells.

It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the method for controlling the charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network is also applicable to the device for controlling charge and discharge of a battery system based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network in this embodiment. No longer.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A battery system charge and discharge control method based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network, characterized in that, comprising: Step 1, during the discharging process, obtain the load voltage demand, and determine the first target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the load voltage demand, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel; Step 2: Obtain first status information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the first target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network as the first target according to the first status information Battery; Step 3: Acquire second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose second state information meets a preset condition as the first target battery cell; Step 4: Connect the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to the system to supply power to the load. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises: calculating a first average value of the state of charge of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, sorting a plurality of battery groups according to the first average value of the state of charge, and selecting from the reconfigurable battery network The first target number of battery packs with the highest average value of the first state of charge is used as the first target battery pack. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step 3 comprises: Calculate the first operating state and the first state of charge of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and determine that the battery cell is in a non-abnormal state according to the first operating state of the battery cell, and the When the first state of charge is not lower than the state of charge threshold, it is determined that the battery cell is the first target battery cell. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, after the step 4, further comprising: When the load changes, or when the reconfiguration period arrives, steps 1 to 4 are re-executed. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: The reconfiguration period is determined according to the current magnitude of the load and the state of charge of the target battery pack. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Step 5, during the charging process, obtain a charging voltage requirement, and determine a second target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the charging voltage requirement; Step 6: Obtain third state information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the second target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network as the second target according to the third state information Battery; Step 7: Obtain fourth state information of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and use some of the battery cells whose fourth state information meets a preset condition as the second target battery cell; Step 8: Connect the second target battery pack including the second target battery cells to the system to charge the battery pack. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step 6 comprises: calculating the second average value of the state of charge of each battery group in the reconfigurable battery network, sorting the plurality of battery groups according to the second average value of the state of charge, and selecting the first battery group from the reconfigurable battery network Second, the second target number of battery packs with the lowest state of charge average value is taken as the second target battery pack. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step 7 comprises: Calculate the second operating state and the second state of charge of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and determine that the battery cell is in a non-abnormal state according to the second operating state of the battery cell, and the When the second state of charge is lower than the state of charge threshold, determine that the battery cell is a candidate for the second target battery cell, and select some cells with a lower state of charge from the candidate cells as the second target battery cell. 9. A battery system charge and discharge control device based on a dynamically reconfigurable battery network, characterized in that it comprises: a first determining module, configured to obtain a load voltage requirement during the discharge process, and determine a first target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the load voltage requirement, wherein each battery pack is composed of several battery cells in parallel; a first selection module, configured to acquire first state information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the first target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network according to the first state information as the first target battery pack; a second selection module, configured to acquire second state information of each battery cell in the first target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose second state information satisfies a preset condition as the first target battery cell; A first access module, configured to connect the first target battery pack including the first target battery cells to a system to supply power to a load. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: a second determining module, configured to acquire a charging voltage requirement during the charging process, and determine a second target number of battery packs that need to be connected in series according to the charging voltage requirement; A third selection module, configured to acquire third status information of each battery pack in the reconfigurable battery network, and select the second target number of battery packs from the reconfigurable battery network according to the third status information as the second target battery pack; a fourth selection module, configured to acquire fourth state information of each battery cell in the second target battery pack, and use a battery cell whose fourth state information meets a preset condition as the second target battery cell; The second access module is configured to connect the second target battery pack including the second target battery cells to the system to charge the battery pack.

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