CN114705517A - Characterization method and system for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete. The characterizing method includes collecting a slice image of a concrete specimen, and performing binarization processing on the slice image of the concrete specimen to obtain a sample. image, and store the sample image in a picture format readable by the Image‑proPlus software; based on the Image‑proPlus software, obtain the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete of the slice image of the concrete specimen; the characterization system includes, image acquisition module, image processing The module, the characterization module, the data storage module, the communication module, and the characterization system realize the characterization of the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete by controlling the mutual cooperation between the modules. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has high efficiency, It has high precision, strong applicability, low cost, and easy promotion, which provides a technical basis for the characterization technology of building materials.

Description

A method and system for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a method and system for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete.

Background technique

Machine-made sand concrete is composed of multi-phase materials such as machine-made sand, stones, water, and cement. Researchers at home and abroad have conducted various studies on the working performance, mechanical properties and durability of machine-made sand concrete. The type of machine-made sand and the distribution of coarse aggregate regions in concrete have varying degrees of influence on the permeability, resistance to chloride ion diffusion and carbonization of concrete. The more uniform the distribution of aggregate (including the area of machine-made sand and coarse aggregate) in manufactured sand concrete, the better its mechanical properties and durability. The homogeneity of concrete is closely related to the area of the slurry area. The area of the slurry area in concrete is generally measured by the edge method, the coordinate method and the paper quality method. The edge measurement method and the coordinate method are mainly by hand drawing. According to the shape of the slurry area, counting the areas of different areas is not only inefficient, but also not accurate; the paper quality method is to place a translucent piece of paper on the surface of the concrete slice, and use a pencil to draw the shape of the concrete slurry area. , and then cut out the drawn figure of the concrete slurry area and weigh it. According to the mass of the cut figure divided by the mass of the paper sheet per unit area, the area of the slurry area is obtained. The paper mass method can be used to obtain the area of the ordinary concrete slurry area. However, for the aggregate area in the machine-made sand concrete, the aggregate area is relatively small and the quantity is large, which is not only troublesome to draw, but also has large errors in the manually cut graphics. When sand concrete specimens are used, the efficiency is not high. With the continuous improvement of image processing technology, researchers can use mobile phones or cameras to take photos of the cross-section of concrete specimens, use computers and image processing software to read the pixel values of the photos, and then convert the pixels to the actual size to obtain concrete. Compared with the traditional measurement method, this method greatly improves the measurement accuracy and efficiency. At present, researchers mainly use Photoshop (PS) to analyze and calculate the area of aggregate area and slurry area in concrete section. Because PS calculates the aggregate area and the slurry area of the concrete section, it is necessary to convert the photo pixels and the actual size, which is difficult in the implementation process.

Due to the low efficiency and low accuracy of the traditional method for measuring the area of concrete slurry, and the difficulty of PS processing image technology, a new characterization method is urgently needed to overcome the technical problems existing in the existing technology.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of low efficiency and low precision in the traditional method for calculating the area of concrete slurry. Therefore, combined with MATLAB software and professional image analysis software Image-pro Plus (IPP), a computer-made sand concrete is proposed. The method of cross-section cement paste area area and aggregate area area characterizes the area of machine-made sand concrete paste area and aggregate area. While ensuring the accuracy of the calculation results, it is easy to operate and easy to learn.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete, comprising the following steps:

Collect the slice images of concrete specimens, perform binarization processing on the slice images of concrete specimens, obtain sample images, and store the sample images in a picture format that can be read by Image-proPlus software;

Based on Image-proPlus software, the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete was obtained from the slice images of concrete specimens.

Preferably, in the process of collecting the image of the concrete specimen slice, the concrete specimen slice is selected, and the concrete specimen is cut along the middle part;

By collecting the vertical image of the incision part, the slice image of the concrete specimen is obtained.

Preferably, in the process of selecting concrete specimen slices, the size of the concrete specimen is 150×150×150 mm, and the section of the concrete specimen is not less than 100×100 mm.

Preferably, in the process of acquiring the sample image, the MATLAB software is used and the Otsu method is used to read the slice image of the concrete specimen for binarization to obtain the binarized image.

Preferably, in the process of binarizing the sliced image of the concrete specimen, the binarized image includes an aggregate region and a slurry region, and is used to distinguish the aggregate region and the slurry region.

Preferably, in the process of obtaining the homogeneity of the manufactured sand concrete, Image-proPlus software is used to obtain the total area of the concrete specimen slice, the area of the aggregate area, the area of the slurry area, and the total number of the aggregate area.

Preferably, the first relationship is obtained according to the total area of the aggregate area and the total area of the concrete specimen slice, wherein the total area of the aggregate area is obtained from the area of the aggregate area and the total number of the aggregate area;

Obtain the second relationship according to the area of the slurry area and the total area of the concrete specimen slice;

According to the first relationship and the second relationship, according to the shape of the slurry area and the number of the slurry area, a homogeneity characterization model is constructed to characterize the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete.

Preferably, in the process of constructing the homogeneity characterization model, the following steps are also included:

When the first relationship is greater than the second relationship, build a homogeneity characterization model according to the first relationship, according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region;

When the first relationship is smaller than the second relationship, according to the second relationship, according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region, a homogeneity representation model is constructed;

When the first relationship is equal to the second relationship, according to the first relationship and the second relationship, and according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region, a homogeneity representation model is constructed.

Preferably, when the first relationship is equal to the second relationship, the following steps are further included:

When the number of slurry regions is greater than the total number of aggregate regions, the first weight of the first relationship is set to 40%, and the second weight of the second relationship is set to 60%, depending on the shape of the slurry region and the number of slurry regions. , build a homogeneity characterization model;

When the number of slurry regions is less than or equal to the total number of aggregate regions, the first weight of the first relationship is set to 50%, and the second weight of the second relationship is set to 50%. Quantity, build a homogeneity characterization model.

Characterization systems used to implement characterization methods, including:

The image acquisition module is used to collect images of concrete specimen slices;

The image processing module is used to perform binarization processing on the slice image of the concrete specimen, obtain the sample image, and store the sample image in a picture format readable by the Image-proPlus software;

The characterization module is used to obtain the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete based on the Image-proPlus software to obtain the slice image of the concrete specimen;

Data storage module for storing concrete specimen slice images, sample images and readable pictures for Image-proPlus software;

The communication module is used to characterize the data interaction between the system and other systems, wherein the other systems at least include a mobile device terminal system and a cloud server system.

The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has high efficiency, high precision, strong applicability, low cost, and is easy to popularize, and provides a technical basis for the characterization technology of building materials.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

Fig. 1 is the method flow chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the concrete section picture of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the binarization picture of concrete section according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the concrete selection slurry region area of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the area where concrete of the present invention selects stones;

Fig. 6 is the area calculation result of the concrete slurry region of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is the calculation result of the area of the concrete aggregate area according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

As shown in Figures 1-7, the present invention provides a method for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete, comprising the following steps:

Collect the slice images of concrete specimens, perform binarization processing on the slice images of concrete specimens, obtain sample images, and store the sample images in a picture format readable by Image-proPlus software;

Based on Image-proPlus software, the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete was obtained from the slice images of concrete specimens.

Further, in the process of collecting the image of the concrete specimen slice, the concrete specimen slice is selected, and the concrete specimen is cut along the middle part;

By collecting the vertical image of the incision part, the slice image of the concrete specimen is obtained.

Further, in the process of selecting concrete specimen slices, the size of the concrete specimen is 150×150×150mm, and the section of the concrete specimen is not less than 100×100mm.

Further, in the process of acquiring the sample image, the MATLAB software and the Otsu method are used to read the slice image of the concrete specimen for binarization to obtain the binarized image.

Further, in the process of binarizing the sliced image of the concrete specimen, the binarized image includes an aggregate region and a slurry region, and is used to distinguish the aggregate region and the slurry region.

Further, in the process of obtaining the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete, Image-proPlus software is used to obtain the total area of the concrete specimen slice, the area of the aggregate area, the area of the slurry area, and the total number of the aggregate area.

Further, a first relationship is obtained according to the total area of the aggregate region and the total area of the concrete specimen slice, wherein the total area of the aggregate region is obtained by the aggregate region area and the total number of the aggregate region;

Obtain the second relationship according to the area of the slurry area and the total area of the concrete specimen slice;

According to the first relationship and the second relationship, according to the shape of the slurry area and the number of the slurry area, a homogeneity characterization model is constructed to characterize the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete.

Further, in the process of constructing the homogeneity characterization model, the following steps are also included:

When the first relationship is greater than the second relationship, build a homogeneity characterization model according to the first relationship, according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region;

When the first relationship is smaller than the second relationship, according to the second relationship, according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region, a homogeneity representation model is constructed;

When the first relationship is equal to the second relationship, according to the first relationship and the second relationship, and according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region, a homogeneity representation model is constructed.

Further, when the first relationship is equal to the second relationship, the following steps are also included:

When the number of slurry regions is greater than the total number of aggregate regions, the first weight of the first relationship is set to 40%, and the second weight of the second relationship is set to 60%, depending on the shape of the slurry region and the number of slurry regions. , build a homogeneity characterization model;

When the number of slurry regions is less than or equal to the total number of aggregate regions, the first weight of the first relationship is set to 50%, and the second weight of the second relationship is set to 50%. Quantity, build a homogeneity characterization model.

Characterization systems used to implement characterization methods, including:

The image acquisition module is used to collect images of concrete specimen slices;

The image processing module is used to perform binarization processing on the slice image of the concrete specimen, obtain the sample image, and store the sample image in a picture format readable by the Image-proPlus software;

The characterization module is used to obtain the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete based on the Image-proPlus software to obtain the slice image of the concrete specimen;

Data storage module for storing concrete specimen slice images, sample images and readable pictures for Image-proPlus software;

The communication module is used to characterize the data interaction between the system and other systems, wherein the other systems at least include a mobile device terminal system and a cloud server system.

Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a method for characterizing the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete, comprising the following steps:

(1) Image acquisition of concrete specimen slices. The 150 × 150 × 150 mm concrete specimen was cut along the middle part by mechanical cutting, and the cut part of the concrete was photographed vertically with a digital camera to obtain the image of the concrete slice.

(2) Binarization of cross-section pictures of concrete specimens. Using the concrete slice images read by MATLAB software, the Otsu method was used to compile the program to binarize the concrete specimen slice images.

(3) Binarized picture access. Use MATLAB software to save the binarized image as a photo that can be read by Image-proPlus.

(4) Use Image-proPlus software to read the actual total area of the concrete specimen section, the area of the aggregate area, and the area of the cement paste area.

The section of the concrete specimen is not less than 100×100mm, which is cut with a rock cutter, the surface is smooth, and the colors of the aggregate area and the slurry area are different.

The MATLAB software adopts the self-made program, and uses the Otsu method to read the pictures of the concrete slices for binarization to distinguish the aggregate area and the slurry area. The compiled program is as follows:

% image binarization script

% When running on Matlab, you can set this folder as the current directory (CurrentDirectory)

% read in grayscale image first

i = imread('coins.png');

%Otsu binarization

I_bw_o=otsu(I);

% Display the binarized result

figure, imshow(I_bw_o);

imag=imag(:,:,1);

[counts,x]=imhist(imag); %countsarethehistogram.xistheintensitylevel.

GradeI=length(x); %theresolusionoftheintensity.i.e.256foruint8.

varB=zeros(GradeI,1); %Between-classVarianceofbinarizedimage.

prob=counts./sum(counts); %Probabilitydistribution

meanT=0; %Totalmeanlevelofthepicture

fori=0:(GradeI-1)

meanT=meanT+i*prob(i+1);

end

varT=((x-meanT).^2)'*prob;

%Initialization

w0 = prob(1); % Probabilityofthefirstclass

miuK=0; %First-ordercumulativemomentsofthehistogramuptothekthlevel.

varB(1) = 0;

fori=1:(GradeI-1)

w0=w0+prob(i+1);

miuK=miuK+i*prob(i+1);

if(w0==0)||(w0==1)

varB(i+1)=0;

else

varB(i+1)=(meanT*w0-miuK).^2/(w0*(1-w0));

end

end

maxvar=max(varB);

em=maxvar/varT%Effectivemeasure

index=find(varB==maxvar);

index=mean(index);

th=(index-1)/(GradeI-1)

imagBW=im2bw(imag,th);

The binarized picture of the concrete specimen includes the aggregate area and the slurry area.

Image-pro Plus software can count the total area of machine-made sand concrete slices, the area of aggregate area, the number and area of slurry area, and the total number of aggregate area.

The area of the cement paste area of the manufactured sand concrete section can be obtained from the difference between the total area of the concrete slice and the area of the aggregate area.

The calculation method of the cement slurry area of the manufactured sand concrete section can count the shape and quantity of the slurry area.

The homogeneity of manufactured sand concrete can be expressed according to the ratio of the area of the slurry area to the total area of the concrete slice, as well as the shape and number of the slurry area.

Embodiment 2: the present invention has carried out the following technical processing according to the actual situation:

(1) Image acquisition of concrete specimen slices. The 150 × 150 × 150 mm concrete specimen was cut along the middle part by mechanical cutting, and the cut part of the concrete was photographed vertically with a digital camera to obtain the image of the concrete slice, as shown in Figure 2.

(2) Binarization of cross-section pictures of concrete specimens. Using the concrete slice image read by MATLAB software, the Otsu method was used to compile the program to binarize the concrete specimen slice image, as shown in Figure 3.

(3) Binarized picture access. Use MATLAB software to save the binarized image as a photo that can be read by Image-pro Plus.

(4) Use Image-pro Plus software to read the actual total area of the concrete specimen section, the area of the aggregate area, and the area of the cement paste area. Open the IPP software, select "File-Open" to open the image "Figure 2" obtained from the test, select "Measure-Calibration-Spatial.." in the menu bar, and the "SpatialCalibration" dialog box will pop up. Click the "New" button first, Then enter "Concrete Section N3" in the "Name" column, select "mm" in the "Unit" column, select "Units/Pixel" in the "Units/Pixel" column, and click "Units/Pixel" in the "Units/Pixel" column. "mage", the "Scaling" dialog box will pop up, and a ruler will appear on the image at the same time. Drag the two ends of the ruler to make the two ends of the ruler coincide with the two ends of the known size side, and then click "Scaling" Enter the actual size corresponding to the ruler in the dialog box, click OK, and then click "Apply" to "Apply" the set unit as current, and then close the "SpatialCalibration" dialog box. The subsequent calculations are based on this unit.

Select the toolbar "Measure-Count/Size.", and the "Count/Size" dialog box will pop up, in which "select color" selects the color, that is, the area of the color needs to be counted, you can directly use the straw in the color cube based tool, select the area of the calculation area. In this example, the area selected for calculating the area of the slurry area is shown in Figure 4, and the area selected for calculating the area of the aggregate area is shown in Figure 5. The red part in the figure will be counted, click "close" and return to the previous interface, click "count" to calculate. Count the total area of the selected area: Click "View-Statistics", in the pop-up "Statistics" dialog box, including the maximum value, minimum value, average value, sum, etc., see Figure 6 and Figure 7, and the summary results are shown in Table 1. According to the measured aggregate area and subsection, the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete is analyzed and calculated.

Table 1

In the present invention, the concrete specimen is first sliced, and the section of the machine-made sand concrete specimen is photographed vertically by a camera. -Pro Plus software determines the area of slurry and aggregate on the concrete section, avoiding the traditional manual operation and the defects of large calculation error and low efficiency, and improving the calculation efficiency and accuracy; according to the area and quantity of aggregate and the area and The distribution form provides a new calculation method for the homogeneity of machine-made sand concrete.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition and explanation are required in subsequent figures, Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to differentiate the description and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although referring to the foregoing The embodiment has been described in detail the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field of the present invention can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Changes can be easily conceived, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring a concrete sample slice Image, carrying out binarization processing on the concrete sample slice Image to obtain a sample Image, and storing the sample Image into a picture format readable by Image-proPlus software;

and acquiring the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete of the concrete test piece section Image based on the Image-proPlus software.

2. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that:

selecting a concrete sample slice in the process of acquiring a concrete sample slice image, and cutting the concrete sample along the middle part;

and acquiring a concrete sample slice image by acquiring a vertical image of the cut part.

3. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 2, characterized in that:

in the process of selecting concrete test piece slices, the size of the concrete test piece is 150 multiplied by 150mm, and the section of the concrete test piece is not smaller than 100 multiplied by 100 mm.

4. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 3, characterized in that:

in the process of obtaining the sample image, reading the concrete sample slice image through MATLAB software by using the Otsu method for binaryzation to obtain a binaryzation image.

5. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 4, characterized in that:

in the process of binarizing the concrete specimen slice image, the binarized image comprises an aggregate area and a slurry area, and is used for distinguishing the aggregate area from the slurry area.

6. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 5, characterized in that:

in the process of obtaining the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete, the Image-proPlus software is used for obtaining the total area of the concrete sample slices, the area of the aggregate region, the area of the slurry region and the total number of the aggregate region;

and the area of the slurry area is obtained by the difference value of the total area of the concrete test piece slices and the area of the aggregate area.

7. The characterization method for machine-made sand concrete homogeneity according to claim 6, characterized in that:

acquiring a first relation according to the aggregate region total area and the concrete sample slice total area, wherein the aggregate region total area is obtained through the aggregate region area and the aggregate region total number;

acquiring a second relation according to the area of the slurry area and the total area of the concrete test piece slice;

and according to the first relation and the second relation, constructing a homogeneity characterization model according to the shape of the slurry region and the number of the slurry region, and characterizing the homogeneity of the machine-made sand concrete.

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