CN114704346A - A high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive and its cylinder head - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a camshaft-driven high-power engine valve mechanism and a cylinder cover thereof, which solve the problem that the engine in the prior art is difficult to realize free control of an intake valve and an exhaust valve. The valve mechanism comprises a mounting support arranged on a cylinder cover body, wherein two hydraulic control valves used for driving an exhaust valve rocker arm and an intake valve rocker arm respectively are arranged on the mounting support, each hydraulic control valve comprises a valve body and a valve core, one end of each valve core is connected with a connecting rod, the other end of each valve core is connected with the corresponding valve body in a sliding mode, the other end of each connecting rod is connected with the corresponding exhaust valve rocker arm and the corresponding intake valve rocker arm, and a control assembly for controlling the valve cores to lift is arranged on each valve body. The invention relates to a camshaft-free driven high-power engine valve mechanism and a cylinder cover thereof, which cancel a camshaft structure, and utilize a hydraulic driving device to drive an intake valve rocker arm and an exhaust valve rocker arm, thereby improving the performances of the internal combustion engine such as dynamic property, fuel economy, emission level and the like.

Description

A high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive and its cylinder head

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive and a cylinder head thereof.

Background technique

At present, the internal combustion engine usually drives the camshaft through gears or chains, and the camshaft drives the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm through a series of transmission devices, and the rocker arm then drives the corresponding intake valve and exhaust valve, so that the The intake valve and exhaust valve are opened and closed regularly according to the valve timing and the ignition sequence of the internal combustion engine. Since the gear ratio of the driving camshaft is fixed, and the angles and positions of the intake cam and exhaust cam on the camshaft are fixed, the lift curves of the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine are also fixed, so that the load of the internal combustion engine cannot be adjusted according to the load of the internal combustion engine. According to the needs of changes, as well as the needs of different rotational speeds and rotational speed change rates of the internal combustion engine, the opening timing, opening duration, and opening lift of the intake and exhaust valves can be adjusted accordingly. It is difficult to give full play to the performance indicators potential of internal combustion engines such as power, torque, fuel consumption, and emissions. The use of internal combustion engines is relatively fixed and single. According to the needs of certain uses or usage scenarios, it is necessary to develop internal combustion engines with corresponding performance characteristics, which will inevitably lead to an increase in engine models. The cost of management, production organization, marketing services and other whole industry chain has been improved.

With the advancement of technology, some internal combustion engines have begun to use solenoid valves to directly drive the intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine. The opening of the intake and exhaust valves is realized by the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine controlling the actions of the solenoid valves. It can control the opening timing, opening lift and opening duration of the intake valve and exhaust valve. However, the driving voltage or current of the solenoid valve is relatively high, the size of the solenoid valve is relatively large, and the installation space of the solenoid valve device and the control requirements of the electric control system are high, so it is difficult to be widely used.

In addition, some internal combustion engines use variable valve timing or variable valve lift technology. It can realize the control of the opening timing and opening lift of the intake valve and exhaust valve, but usually still retains the camshaft mechanism. The changes are big, and the product inheritance is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is aimed at the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, a high-power engine valve mechanism without camshaft drive and its cylinder head, cancel the camshaft structure, and use a hydraulic drive device to drive the intake valve rocker arm and the cylinder head. Exhaust valve rocker arm to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine, such as power, fuel economy and emission level.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a high-power engine valve mechanism without camshaft drive, comprising an installation support installed on the cylinder head body, and two installation supports are provided on the installation support for driving the exhaust valve, respectively. The hydraulic control valve of the valve rocker arm and the intake valve rocker arm, the hydraulic control valve includes a valve body and a valve core, one end of the valve core is connected with a connecting rod, and the other end is slidably connected with the valve body, the connection The other end of the rod is connected with the rocker arm of the exhaust valve and the rocker arm of the intake valve, and the valve body is provided with a control assembly for controlling the lifting of the valve core.

As a further improvement, the valve body is provided with a first oil passage, a first oil cavity, a second oil cavity, a third oil cavity and a fourth oil cavity, and the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity are The first oil passage is in communication, the second oil chamber is in communication with the third oil chamber and the fourth oil chamber, the second oil chamber is in communication with the third oil chamber through the fourth oil passage, and the second oil chamber is in communication with the third oil chamber. The fourth oil passage between the cavity and the third oil cavity is provided with a valve stem for blocking the fourth oil passage, the valve stem is slidably connected with the valve body, and a return spring is arranged between the valve body and the valve stem , the control assembly is arranged on the valve body above the valve stem, the first oil passage is communicated with the oil inlet pipe, and the fourth oil chamber is communicated with the oil outlet pipe.

Further, the first oil passage communicates with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity through the second oil passage and the third oil passage respectively, and the third oil cavity passes through the fifth oil passage and the fourth oil cavity. Connected.

Further, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage to the cross-sectional area of the second oil passage is 0.13-0.18, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage to the cross-sectional area of the fourth oil passage is 0.13-0.18 .

Further, the control assembly includes a solenoid armature, a power supply and a signal control harness, the solenoid armature is arranged in the fourth oil chamber and is located above the valve stem, and one end of the power supply and signal control harness is connected to the valve stem. The electromagnetic coil armature is connected, and the other end is connected with the electronic control unit ECU of the engine.

Further, the valve core includes a top rod, a sliding block and a bottom rod, the upper and lower ends of the sliding block are respectively connected with the top rod and the bottom rod, and the bottom rod is detachably connected with one end of the connecting rod, so The top rod is located in the second oil chamber, and the bottom of the slider is located in the first oil chamber.

Further, a cylinder head cover is provided on the periphery of the hydraulic control valve, and the top end of the hydraulic control valve is mounted on the cylinder head cover.

Further, it also includes a high-pressure oil pump, the hydraulic control valves are all connected to the high-pressure oil pump, and a pressure accumulating pipe is arranged between the high-pressure oil pump and the hydraulic control valve.

A high-power engine cylinder head without camshaft drive, the cylinder head comprising the valve train.

beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The invention provides a high-power engine valve mechanism and its cylinder head without camshaft drive. When the exhaust valve needs to be opened, the electronic control unit ECU of the engine controls the electromagnetic coil armature to energize, and after the electromagnetic coil armature is energized, the valve stem is energized. adsorption, so that the second oil cavity is connected with the third oil cavity, so that the oil in the second oil cavity flows out to the third oil cavity. At this time, the force on the ejector rod of the valve core is less than that on the slider of the valve core, so that the valve core moves upward, which drives the connecting rod, and the connecting rod drives the rocker arm to rotate. Due to the principle of leverage, the rocker arm drives the The exhaust valve valve bridge can overcome the force of the exhaust valve spring and realize the opening of the exhaust valve. Using this structure to open the exhaust valve and the intake valve can realize the difference between the opening time of the intake valve and the exhaust valve under different working conditions. Free continuous adjustment, free continuous adjustment of the opening lift, and free control of the opening duration, and when the engine needs to be shut down in an emergency, the intake valve of each cylinder can be set to be closed, and the engine will be Oxygen-deficient flameout, which improves the safety of the engine, and has the characteristics of convenient use and wide application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

2 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

4 is an enlarged schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the valve body in the present invention;

5 is an enlarged schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the valve core in the present invention.

Among them: 1- cylinder head body, 2- cylinder head cover, 3- intake valve rocker arm, 4- exhaust valve rocker arm, 5- hydraulic control valve, 6- installation support, 7- valve body, 8- valve Core, 9-connecting rod, 10-first oil passage, 11-first oil chamber, 12-second oil chamber, 13-third oil chamber, 14-fourth oil chamber, 15-valve stem, 16-reset Spring, 17- oil inlet pipe, 18- oil outlet pipe, 19- second oil channel, 20- third oil channel, 21- fourth oil channel, 22- fifth oil channel, 23- power supply and signal control wiring harness, 24- Solenoid coil armature, 25-ball head, 26-top rod, 27-slider, 28-bottom rod, 29-oil drain groove, 30-exhaust valve spring, 31-exhaust valve valve bridge, 32-exhaust valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments in the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1-5, a high-power engine valve mechanism without camshaft drive of the present invention includes an installation support 6 installed on the cylinder head body 1, and the installation support 6 is provided with two For driving the hydraulic control valve 5 of the exhaust valve rocker arm 4 and the intake valve rocker arm 3, the hydraulic control valve 5 includes a valve body 7 and a valve core 8. One end of the valve core 8 is connected with a connecting rod 9, and the other end is connected with the valve body 7. Sliding connection, the other end of the connecting rod 9 is connected with the exhaust valve rocker arm 4 and the intake valve rocker arm 3, the valve body 7 is provided with a control component that controls the rise and fall of the valve core 8, and the oil inlet of the valve body 7 is connected to the oil inlet pipe. 17 is connected, the oil inlet pipe 17 is connected with the high-pressure oil pump, a sensor is installed at the compression top dead center position of the first cylinder of the engine, and the firing sequence of each cylinder and the timing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve are determined together with the signal plate. The signal plate is installed on the gear, and the ratio between the gear and the driving gear on the crankshaft is 1:2, that is, when the crankshaft rotates 2 times, the gear where the signal plate is located rotates 1 circle, which ensures the speed of the crankshaft and camshaft of the traditional internal combustion engine. The relationship is consistent, so as to ensure that after the camshaft is cancelled, the valve phase and fuel injection timing of the internal combustion engine can still be determined through the signal plate and the sensor at the compression top dead center position, and then the mounting bracket 6 is installed on the cylinder head using bolts. On the main body 1, then two hydraulic control valves 5 are installed on the mounting support 6. The oil inlet end of the hydraulic control valve 5 is connected with a high-pressure oil pump. The constant oil pressure generated by the high-pressure oil pump is Po, and the hydraulic oil can be connected with the engine. The oil in the oil pan is shared.

Specifically, a first oil passage (0, a first oil chamber 11, a second oil chamber 12, a third oil chamber 13, and a fourth oil chamber 14, the first oil chamber 11, the second oil chamber 14, the first oil chamber 11, the second oil chamber 14, the first oil chamber 11, the second oil chamber 12 communicate with the first oil passage 10, the second oil chamber 12 communicates with the third oil chamber 13 and the fourth oil chamber 14, the second oil chamber 12 communicates with the third oil chamber 13 through the fourth oil passage 21, The fourth oil passage 21 between the second oil chamber 12 and the third oil chamber 13 is provided with a valve rod 15 for blocking the fourth oil passage 21 , the valve rod 15 is slidably connected with the valve body 7 , and the valve body 7 and the valve rod 15 There is a return spring 16 therebetween, the control assembly is arranged on the valve body 7 above the valve stem 15 , the first oil passage 10 is communicated with the oil inlet pipe 17 , and the fourth oil chamber 14 is communicated with the oil outlet pipe 18 .

Preferably, the first oil passage 10 communicates with the first oil chamber 11 and the second oil chamber 12 through the second oil passage 19 and the third oil passage 20 respectively, and the third oil chamber 13 communicates with the fourth oil chamber through the fifth oil passage 22 The cavity 14 communicates.

Further, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage 20 to the cross-sectional area of the second oil passage 19 is 0.13-0.18, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage 20 to the cross-sectional area of the fourth oil passage 21 is 0.13-0.18.

Further, the control assembly includes a solenoid armature 24 and a power supply and signal control harness 23. The solenoid armature 24 is arranged in the fourth oil chamber 14 and is located above the valve stem 15. One end of the power supply and signal control harness 23 is connected to the solenoid armature 24. Connect the other end to the electronic control unit ECU of the engine.

Further, the valve core 8 includes a top rod 26, a slide block 27 and a bottom rod 28, the upper and lower ends of the slide block 27 are respectively connected with the top rod 26 and the bottom rod 28, and the bottom rod 28 is detachably connected with one end of the connecting rod 9, The top rod 26 is located in the second oil chamber 12, the bottom of the slider 27 is located in the first oil chamber 11, and the lower end of the bottom rod 28 is provided with an oil drain 29. When the valve core 8 is lifted to a certain height, the hydraulic press in the first oil chamber 11 A small amount of oil will flow out through the oil drain groove 29 to play a cooling role. The leakage amount is set to be 3% to 5% of the flow rate entering the first oil chamber 11 through the second channel 19. Oil action control has no effect.

Further, one end of the connecting rod 9 is provided with a ball head 25, and the connecting rod 9 at one end of the ball head 25 is movably connected with the rocker arm. The ball head is designed to facilitate the movement of the rocker arm and reduce resistance.

Further, a cylinder head cover 2 is provided on the periphery of the hydraulic control valve 5 , and the top end of the hydraulic control valve 5 is mounted on the cylinder head cover 2 to protect the cylinder head body 1 and the hydraulic control valve 5 .

Further, it also includes a high-pressure oil pump, the hydraulic control valve 5 is connected to the high-pressure oil pump, and a pressure storage pipe is arranged between the high-pressure oil pump and the hydraulic control valve 5, and the pressure storage pipe improves the pressure stability of the hydraulic oil system.

A high-power engine cylinder head without camshaft drive, the cylinder head comprising the above-mentioned valve mechanism.

When the valve train of a high-power engine without camshaft drive and the cylinder head thereof of this embodiment are in use, when the exhaust valve 32 needs to be kept closed during the operation of the engine, the control is as follows: the electronic control unit ECU of the engine is controlled according to the The position information of the first cylinder collected by the sensor of the compression top dead center position of the first cylinder, the power supply and signal control harness 23 control the solenoid armature 24 to not pass electricity, the return spring 16 compresses the valve stem 15, and the valve stem 15 The sealing end will block the fourth oil passage 21, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil flows through the first oil passage 10 to the second oil passage 19 and the third oil passage 20, and then the second oil passage 19 and the third oil passage 20 flow to the second oil passage 19 and the third oil passage 20. The first oil chamber 11 and the second oil chamber 12 make the pressures of the first oil chamber 11 and the second oil chamber 12 both Po, so that the pressure on the top rod 26 of the valve core 8 is Po*β, and the pressure of the valve core 8 is Po*β. The pressure on the bottom of the slider 27 is Po*α, and β and α are the force-bearing areas of the top rod 26 and the bottom of the slider 27, respectively. The force is F1. According to the force balance principle, Po*α=Po*β+F1, the valve core 8 does not move, so the rocker arm is in a balanced state, and the exhaust valve 32 remains closed.

When the exhaust valve 32 needs to be opened or kept open during engine operation, the electronic control unit ECU of the engine controls the wiring harness according to the position information of the first cylinder collected by the sensor of the compression top dead center position of the first cylinder of the engine. 23 Control the electromagnetic coil armature 24 to pass electricity, the electromagnetic coil armature 24 will overcome the elastic force of the return spring 16 and suck up the valve stem 15. At this time, the second oil chamber 12 is communicated with the third oil chamber 13, and the hydraulic oil passes through the fourth oil passage 21 and the fifth oil passage 22 flow to the oil outlet pipe 18, and the hydraulic oil will pass through the oil outlet pipe 18 and will eventually flow into the oil pan through the oil return passage. In order to reduce, and because the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage 20 to the cross-sectional area of the second oil passage 19 is 0.13 to 0.18, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage 20 to the cross-sectional area of the fourth oil passage 21 is 0.13 to 0.13 to 0.18. 0.18, so the hydraulic oil in the second oil chamber 12 will be quickly drained, and the hydraulic oil in the third oil passage 20 is difficult to fill the second oil chamber 12 in a short time. At this time, the slider 27 of the valve core 8 The pressure on the bottom is still Po, while the pressure on the top rod 26 of the valve core 8 is P1. Since P1*β<Po*β, Po*α>Po*β+F1, the valve core 8 is subjected to a vertical upward pressure. The axial thrust is greater than the vertical downward axial pulling force, so that the valve core 8 moves upward, thereby driving the rocker shaft to rotate, and compressing the exhaust valve spring 30 to drive the exhaust valve 32 by pressing the exhaust valve valve bridge 31 . Downward movement causes exhaust valve 32 to be opened.

When the exhaust valve 32 needs to be closed again, the energization of the solenoid armature 24 is cut off through the control of the ECU, the return spring 16 pushes the valve stem 15 to seat, and the sealing end of the valve stem 15 will close the fourth passage 21. At this time, the first The hydraulic oil in the oil passage 10 will enter the second oil chamber 12 through the third passage 20, so that the spool 8 is subjected to a vertical upward axial thrust equal to the vertical downward axial pulling force again, and the exhaust valve 32 is closed .

In the present embodiment, a high-power engine valve mechanism without camshaft drive and its cylinder head, adopting this structure to open the exhaust valve and the intake valve can realize the opening timing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve under different working conditions The free and continuous adjustment of the open lift, the free and continuous adjustment of the open lift, and the free control of the open duration, and when the engine needs to be shut down in an emergency, the intake valve of each cylinder can be set to be closed, and the engine will Due to the lack of oxygen, the engine is extinguished, which makes the engine more safe. At the same time, this structure cancels the camshaft, as well as the tappet and pushrod structures, and the camshaft mounting holes for installing the camshaft can not be processed on the corresponding engine cylinder block. The camshaft bushing is cancelled, the number of parts is reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and it has the characteristics of convenient use and wide application range.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which will not affect the implementation of the present invention. effect and the applicability of the patent.

Claims (9)

1. A high-power engine valve mechanism without a camshaft drive, characterized in that it comprises a mounting support (6) mounted on the cylinder head body (1), and the mounting support (6) is provided with Two hydraulic control valves (5) for driving the exhaust valve rocker arm (4) and the intake valve rocker arm (3) respectively, the hydraulic control valve (5) includes a valve body (7) and a valve core ( 8), one end of the valve core (8) is connected with a connecting rod (9), the other end is slidably connected with the valve body (7), and the other end of the connecting rod (9) is connected with the exhaust valve rocker arm (4) , the intake valve rocker arm (3) is connected, and the valve body (7) is provided with a control component for controlling the lift of the valve core (8). 2 . The high-power engine valve mechanism without camshaft drive according to claim 1 , wherein the valve body ( 7 ) is provided with a first oil passage ( 10 ) and a first oil cavity ( 2 . 11), the second oil chamber (12), the third oil chamber (13) and the fourth oil chamber (14), the first oil chamber (11) and the second oil chamber (12) are both the same as the first oil chamber (11) and the second oil chamber (12). The second oil chamber (12) communicates with the third oil chamber (13) and the fourth oil chamber (14), and the second oil chamber (12) communicates with the fourth oil channel through the passage (10). (21) communicates with the third oil chamber (13), and the fourth oil passage (21) between the second oil chamber (12) and the third oil chamber (13) is provided with a fourth oil passage (21) for blocking the fourth oil passage ( 21) of the valve stem (15), the valve stem (15) is slidably connected with the valve body (7), and a return spring (16) is provided between the valve body (7) and the valve stem (15), The control assembly is arranged on the valve body (7) above the valve stem (15), the first oil passage (10) is communicated with the oil inlet pipe (17), and the fourth oil chamber (14) is connected to the oil inlet pipe (17). The oil outlet pipe (18) is communicated. 3. The high-power engine valve mechanism without a camshaft drive according to claim 2, wherein the first oil passage (10) passes through the second oil passage (19) and the third oil passage respectively. The passage (20) communicates with the first oil chamber (11) and the second oil chamber (12), and the third oil chamber (13) communicates with the fourth oil chamber (14) through the fifth oil passage (22). 4. A high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage (20) and the cross-sectional area of the second oil passage (19) The area ratio is 0.13-0.18, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the third oil passage (20) to the cross-sectional area of the fourth oil passage (21) is 0.13-0.18. 5. The high-power engine valve train without a camshaft drive according to claim 2, wherein the control assembly comprises an electromagnetic coil armature (24) and a power supply and a signal control harness (23), The solenoid armature (24) is arranged in the fourth oil chamber (14) and is located above the valve stem (15), and one end of the power supply and signal control harness (23) is connected to the solenoid armature (24), The other end is connected to the electronic control unit ECU of the engine. 6. The high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive according to claim 2, wherein the valve core (8) comprises a top rod (26), a slider (27) and a bottom rod (28), the upper and lower ends of the slider (27) are respectively connected with the top rod (26) and the bottom rod (28), and the bottom rod (28) is detachably connected with one end of the connecting rod (9), The top rod (26) is located in the second oil chamber (12), and the bottom of the slider (27) is located in the first oil chamber (11). 7. A high-power engine valve train without camshaft drive according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic control valve (5) is provided with a cylinder head cover (2) on the periphery, and the hydraulic control valve (5) is provided with a cylinder head cover (2). The top of the control valve (5) is mounted on the cylinder head cover (2). 8. A high-power engine valve mechanism without a camshaft drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a high-pressure oil pump, and the hydraulic control valve (5) is connected with the high-pressure oil pump, so A pressure accumulating pipe is arranged between the high-pressure oil pump and the hydraulic control valve (5). 9 . A high-power engine cylinder head without a camshaft drive, characterized in that the cylinder head comprises the valve train according to any one of claims 1 to 9 .

Images