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CN114695909B - Monopolar plate, bipolar plate and fuel cell - Google Patents

Monopolar plate, bipolar plate and fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114695909B
CN114695909B CN202011607455.1A CN202011607455A CN114695909B CN 114695909 B CN114695909 B CN 114695909B CN 202011607455 A CN202011607455 A CN 202011607455A CN 114695909 B CN114695909 B CN 114695909B
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China
Prior art keywords
unipolar plate
protruding
unipolar
plate body
plate
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CN202011607455.1A
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CN114695909A (en
Inventor
杨新春
亓峰
何难
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Shanghai De'er New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai De'er New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011607455.1A priority Critical patent/CN114695909B/en
Publication of CN114695909A publication Critical patent/CN114695909A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a monopolar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell, wherein the monopolar plate comprises: a unipolar plate body and a plurality of protrusions protruding toward one side of the unipolar plate body; the plurality of protruding parts comprise at least one first protruding part positioned at the central part of the monopole plate body and a plurality of second protruding parts positioned at two sides of the at least one first protruding part; wherein the height of the first protruding part is greater than the height of the second protruding part. According to the application, the height of at least one first protruding part positioned at the central part of the monopolar plate body is larger than the height of a plurality of second protruding parts positioned at two sides of the at least one first protruding part, when a plurality of monopolar plates are pressed, the acting force between the central parts of two adjacent monopolar plates is increased, so that the pressing force of the central parts of the monopolar plates is increased, the membrane electrode assembly is tightly attached to the monopolar plates, and the technical effects of improving the current density and the current intensity of the fuel cell are realized.

Description

Monopolar plate, bipolar plate and fuel cell
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a monopole plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy of oxidant and reducing agent into electric energy through electrocatalytic reaction, and is a novel power generation technology with high efficiency, safety, cleanness and flexibility. In manufacturing a fuel cell, it is necessary to weld two monopolar plates and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the two monopolar plates into bipolar plates, and then press a plurality of bipolar plates into a stack. When welding between the unipolar plates, firstly, superposing and placing the two unipolar plates and the membrane electrode assembly on the base, then pressing down by using the pressing block to enable the two unipolar plates to be clung, welding the two unipolar plates and the membrane electrode assembly by using the welding device to form bipolar plates, then stacking a plurality of bipolar plates to form a galvanic pile, and fixedly connecting the outer edges of the bipolar plates by using bolts to further fix and compress the galvanic pile.
However, the above-described fuel cell manufacturing method has the following problems: the bolt only compresses tightly the outer edge of the bipolar plate but not compresses tightly the middle part of the bipolar plate, so that the compression force of the middle part of the bipolar plate is insufficient, the membrane electrode assembly and the two monopolar plates are not tightly pressed, and the problems of low fuel cell density, low current intensity and the like are caused.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a unipolar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell, which solve the technical problems of low fuel cell density, low current intensity and the like caused by insufficient pressing force in the middle of the bipolar plate in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a single polar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell, and aims to solve the technical problems of low fuel cell density, low current intensity and the like caused by insufficient pressing force of the middle part of the bipolar plate in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a monopolar plate for forming a bipolar plate, the monopolar plate comprising: a unipolar plate body and a plurality of protrusions protruding toward one side of the unipolar plate body; the plurality of protruding parts comprise at least one first protruding part positioned at the central part of the monopole plate body and a plurality of second protruding parts positioned at the edge part of the monopole plate body;
Wherein the height of the first protruding part is greater than the height of the second protruding part.
In some implementations of the application, the first and second raised portions have a height difference of 80 μm to 120 μm.
In some implementations of the application, the difference in height between the first and second protrusions is 100 μm.
In some implementations of the application, the plurality of raised portions decrease in height gradually in a direction from a central portion of the monopolar plate body to an edge portion of the monopolar plate body.
In some implementations of the application, the cross-sectional area of the first lobe is the same as the cross-sectional area of the second lobe.
In some implementations of the application, the second raised portion has an opening width that is greater than an opening width of the first raised portion.
In some implementations of the application, the plurality of raised portions have opening widths that gradually increase in a direction from a central portion of the monopolar plate body toward an edge portion of the monopolar plate body.
In some implementations of the application, the plurality of bosses are equally spaced.
In some implementations of the application, the plurality of protrusions include a first side, a second side, and a top edge, one ends of the first side and the second side are fixedly connected to the unipolar plate body, the other ends of the first side and the second side are fixedly connected to the top edge, and an included angle between the first side and the second side and the top edge is not less than 90 °.
In some implementations of the application, the first and top edges, the second and top edges, the first and unipolar plate bodies, the second and unipolar plate bodies are all transitioned by a chamfer or rounded corner.
In some implementations of the application, the plurality of bosses are rectangular or trapezoidal.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a bipolar plate, which includes a first unipolar plate and a second unipolar plate disposed opposite the first unipolar plate, where the first unipolar plate and/or the second unipolar plate are the unipolar plates described in any implementation manner of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell comprising a unipolar plate as described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect.
According to the application, the height of at least one first protruding part positioned at the central part of the monopolar plate body is larger than the height of a plurality of second protruding parts positioned at the edge part of the monopolar plate body, when a plurality of monopolar plates are pressed, the acting force between the central parts of two adjacent monopolar plates is increased, so that the pressing force of the central parts of the monopolar plates is increased, the membrane electrode assembly is tightly attached to the monopolar plates, and the technical effects of improving the current density and the current intensity of the fuel cell are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural view of a unipolar plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of a unipolar plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural view of a unipolar plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a configuration of a boss provided in an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bipolar plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 6 is a top view of a bipolar plate provided in an embodiment of the present application.
The device comprises a 100 single-pole plate, a 110 single-pole plate body, 120 raised parts, 121 first raised parts, 122 second raised parts, 123 first side edges, 124 second side edges, 125 top edges, 200 first flowing space, 300 second flowing space, 10 double-pole plates, 11 first single-pole plates, 12 second single-pole plates, 1 fuel cell, H1 first raised parts 121, H2 second raised parts 122, L1 first raised parts 121 opening width and L2 second raised parts 122 width.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this disclosure is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the application. In the following description, details are set forth for purposes of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the description of the application with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
The embodiment of the invention provides a unipolar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell, and the details are described below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a monopolar plate 100. The unipolar plate 100 includes: a unipolar plate body 110, and a plurality of protrusions 120 protruding toward one side of the unipolar plate body 110; the plurality of protrusions 120 include at least one first protrusion 121 located at a central portion of the unipolar plate body 110 and a plurality of second protrusions 122 located at an edge portion of the unipolar plate body 110;
Wherein, the height H1 of the first protruding portion 121 is greater than the height H2 of the second protruding portion 122.
In the embodiment of the application, the height H1 of at least one first protruding part 121 located at the central part of the unipolar plate body 110 is greater than the height H2 of a plurality of second protruding parts 122 located at the edge of the unipolar plate body 110, so that when a plurality of unipolar plates 100 are pressed, the acting force between the central parts of two adjacent unipolar plates 100 is increased, and the pressing force of the central parts of the unipolar plates 100 is further increased, so that the membrane electrode assembly is tightly attached to the unipolar plates 100, and the technical effects of improving the current density and the current intensity of the fuel cell are realized.
It should be noted that: the number of the first protrusions 121 located at the central portion of the unipolar plate body 110 may be one or more, and in practical applications, may be adjusted according to the total length of the unipolar plate body 110 and the required pressing force. Specifically, when the overall length of the unipolar plate body 110 is smaller, the first protrusions 121 may be provided less, and when the overall length of the unipolar plate body 110 is longer, the first protrusions 121 need to be provided more; when the required pressing force is large, the first protrusions 121 need to be provided more, and when the required pressing force is small, the first protrusions 121 need to be provided less. The specific number of the first protrusions 121 is not limited herein.
It should be understood that: when the unipolar plate 100 includes the plurality of first bosses 121, the heights H1 of the plurality of first bosses 121 may be the same or different, and the heights H2 of the plurality of second bosses 122 may be the same or different.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the heights H1 of the plurality of first protrusions 121 are the same, and the heights H2 of the plurality of second protrusions 122 are also the same. With the above arrangement, the manufacturing can be facilitated.
The greater the difference between the heights of the first and second protrusions 121 and 122, the greater the pressing force applied to the central portion of the unipolar plate 100, and when the difference between the heights of the first and second protrusions 121 and 122 is too large, the damage to the first protrusion 121 may be caused, and when the difference between the heights of the first and second protrusions 121 and 122 is too small, the pressing force applied to the central portion of the unipolar plate 100 may not be large enough, which may not solve the problem of insufficient pressing force in the prior art. Thus, in some embodiments of the present application, the difference in height between the first and second protrusions 121 and 122 is 80 μm to 120 μm.
Preferably, the difference in height between the first and second protrusions 121 and 122 is 100 μm.
Further, in order to improve the uniformity of the pressing force applied to the entire unipolar plate 100, in some embodiments of the present application, the height of the boss 120 is gradually reduced in a direction from the central portion of the unipolar plate body 110 to the peripheral portion of the unipolar plate body 110, as shown in fig. 3.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the height of the boss 120 gradually decreases in an equi-differential manner in a direction from the center portion of the monopolar plate body 110 to the edge portion of the monopolar plate body 110. Specifically, the height difference between the adjacent two protrusions 120 is 20 μm.
Further, the first flowing space 200 formed by the protruding portions 120 is used for flowing cooling water, and the second flowing space 300 formed by two adjacent protruding portions 120 is used for flowing oxidizing agent or reducing agent, so as to avoid the cross-sectional area change of the first flowing space 200 and the second flowing space 300 caused by the height change of the protruding portions 120, and further cause the cooling water, the oxidizing agent or the reducing agent to flow and block, in some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the first protruding portion 121 is the same as the cross-sectional area of the second protruding portion 122. This is because when the flow rates of the cooling water, the oxidizing agent, or the reducing agent are the same, the flow rate of the cooling water, the oxidizing agent, or the reducing agent flowing through each of the protrusions 120 is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the protrusion 120, and in order to avoid the occurrence of the blocking phenomenon, it is necessary to make the flow rate of the cooling water, the oxidizing agent, or the reducing agent flowing through each of the protrusions 120 the same, and thus it is necessary to provide the cross-sectional area of the first protrusion 121 and the cross-sectional area of the second protrusion 122 to be the same.
Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the opening width L2 of the second protrusion 122 is greater than the opening width L1 of the first protrusion 121.
The opening width L1 of the first protrusion 121 and the opening width L2 of the second protrusion 122 refer to distances between the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 122 and two junctions of the unipolar plate body 110, respectively, along the arrangement direction of the protrusions 120.
Further, the height of the boss 120 gradually decreases in a direction from the center portion of the monopolar plate body 110 to the edge portion of the monopolar plate body 110, and the opening width of the boss 120 gradually increases in a direction from the center portion of the monopolar plate body 110 to the edge portion of the monopolar plate body 110.
Further, to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the first flow space 200 and the second flow space 300 over the unipolar plate 100, in some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of bosses 120 are equidistantly spaced. By arranging the plurality of protruding portions 120 at equal intervals, the second flow space 300 formed between two adjacent protruding portions 120 can be uniformly distributed on the unipolar plate 100, and the technical effect of improving the uniformity of the flow of the oxidizing agent or the reducing agent flowing in the second flow space 300 can be achieved.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the boss 120 includes a first side 123, a second side 124, and a top edge 125, one ends of the first side 123 and the second side 124 are fixedly connected to the unipolar plate body 110, the other ends of the first side 123 and the second side 124 are fixedly connected to the top edge 125, and an included angle between the first side 123 and the second side 124 and the top edge 125 is not less than 90 °.
By providing the first side edge 123 and the second side edge 124 at an angle of not less than 90 ° to the top edge 125, the fabrication process of the unipolar plate 100 may be simplified. This is because the unipolar plate 100 is stamped and formed from a die, and by providing the first and second sides 123, 124 at an angle of not less than 90 ° to the top edge 125, the die can be more easily removed from the stamped unipolar plate 100.
Further, in some embodiments of the application, top edge 125 is parallel to monopolar plate body 110. By the above arrangement, the contact area between the adjacent two unipolar plates 100 can be increased when stacking, the pressing force between the adjacent two unipolar plates 100 can be increased, and the current density and the current intensity of the fuel cell can be further improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the application, the first side 123 and top edge 125, the second side 124 and top edge 125, the first side 123 and unipolar plate body 110, and the second side 124 and unipolar plate body 110 are all transitioned by a chamfer or rounded corner. With the above arrangement, damage to the protruding portion 120 due to impact of cooling water, oxidant or reducing agent, and influence on performance of the unipolar plate 100 can be avoided.
It should be appreciated that the cross-section of the boss 120 may be rectangular or trapezoidal.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the boss 120 is isosceles trapezoid. This is because, first, the second flow channels 400 formed at both sides of the protruding portion 120 having the cross-sectional area of an isosceles trapezoid have the same shape as the first flow channels 300 formed at the protruding portion 120, so that the uniformity of the stress at both sides of the unipolar plate 100 can be improved; second, the two hypotenuses of the boss 120 having an isosceles trapezoid cross-sectional area can be used as draft angles of the mold, facilitating manufacturing.
The present embodiment also provides a bipolar plate 10, as shown in fig. 5, where the bipolar plate 10 includes a first unipolar plate 11 and a second unipolar plate 12 disposed opposite the first unipolar plate 11, and/or the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 are the unipolar plates 100 in any of the above embodiments.
It should be understood that: in one embodiment of the present application, the bipolar plate 10 includes a first unipolar plate 11 and a second unipolar plate 12, with either the first unipolar plate 11 or the second unipolar plate 12 being the unipolar plate 100 of any of the embodiments described above.
Preferably, the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 of the bipolar plate 10 are each the unipolar plate 100 of any of the embodiments described above.
It should be noted that, when only one of the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 in the bipolar plate 10 is the unipolar plate 100 in any of the above embodiments, the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 are identical in shape and size. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 are rectangular, and the lengths and widths of the first unipolar plate 11 and the second unipolar plate 12 are the same; only the protrusions 120 on the first unipolar plate 11 and the protrusions 120 on the second unipolar plate 12 differ in size.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel cell 1, and the fuel cell 1 includes the unipolar plate 100 in any of the above embodiments.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the height of at least one first protrusion 121 located at the central portion of the unipolar plate body 110 to be greater than the height of a plurality of second protrusions 122 located at the edge portion of the unipolar plate body 110, when a plurality of unipolar plates 100 are pressed, the acting force between the central portions of two adjacent unipolar plates 100 is increased, so as to further increase the pressing force at the central portion of the unipolar plate 100, so that the membrane electrode assembly is tightly attached to the unipolar plate 100, and the technical effects of improving the current density and the current intensity of the fuel cell are achieved; meanwhile, by providing the cross-sectional area of the first protrusion 121 to be the same as the cross-sectional area of the second protrusion 122, the occurrence of the flow blocking phenomenon is avoided, and the performance of the unipolar plate 100 is improved.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are focused on, and the portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail in the foregoing embodiments may be referred to in the foregoing detailed description of other embodiments, which are not described herein again. In the specific implementation, each unit or structure may be implemented as an independent entity, or may be combined arbitrarily, and implemented as the same entity or several entities, which are not described herein.
Meanwhile, the present application uses specific words to describe embodiments of the present application. Reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, it should be emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various positions in this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the application may be combined as suitable.
The foregoing has outlined a detailed description of a unipolar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell according to embodiments of the present invention, and specific examples have been applied herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, the above examples being provided only to assist in understanding the structure and core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A monopolar plate for forming a bipolar plate, said monopolar plate comprising: a unipolar plate body protruding toward one side of the unipolar plate body and forming a plurality of protruding portions through which cooling water flows; the plurality of protruding parts comprise at least one first protruding part positioned at the central part of the monopole plate body and a plurality of second protruding parts positioned at the edge part of the monopole plate body, the extending directions of the first protruding parts and the second protruding parts are consistent, and the first protruding parts and the second protruding parts are arranged side by side in the perpendicular direction of the extending directions;
wherein the height of the first protruding part is greater than the height of the second protruding part;
the cross-sectional area of the first protruding portion is the same as the cross-sectional area of the second protruding portion;
the opening width of the second protruding part is larger than that of the first protruding part, the opening width of the first protruding part and the opening width of the second protruding part refer to the distances between the two connecting positions of the first protruding part and the second protruding part and the monopole plate body respectively along the arrangement direction of the protruding parts;
the plurality of protruding parts are arranged at equal intervals;
The convex parts comprise a first side edge, a second side edge and a top edge, one ends of the first side edge and the second side edge are fixedly connected to the unipolar plate body, the other ends of the first side edge and the second side edge are fixedly connected to the top edge, and the included angle between the first side edge and the second side edge and the top edge is not smaller than 90 degrees;
The first side edge and the top edge, the second side edge and the top edge, the first side edge and the unipolar plate body, and the second side edge and the unipolar plate body are all in transition through chamfer or fillet.
2. The unipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the first and second bosses have a height difference of 80 μιη to 120 μιη.
3. The unipolar plate of claim 2, wherein the first and second bosses have a height difference of 100 μιη.
4. The unipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the plurality of raised portions decrease in height in a direction from a central portion of the unipolar plate body to an edge portion of the unipolar plate body.
5. The unipolar plate of claim 4, wherein the plurality of raised portions have progressively increasing opening widths in a direction from a central portion of the unipolar plate body to an edge portion of the unipolar plate body.
6. The unipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the plurality of projections are rectangular or trapezoidal.
7. A bipolar plate, characterized in that it comprises a first unipolar plate and a second unipolar plate arranged opposite to the first unipolar plate, the first unipolar plate and/or the second unipolar plate being the unipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. A fuel cell comprising a unipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202011607455.1A 2020-12-30 2020-12-30 Monopolar plate, bipolar plate and fuel cell Active CN114695909B (en)

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