CN114682209A - Method for preparing adsorbing material by using coal dust-containing casting dust and adsorbing material - Google Patents
Method for preparing adsorbing material by using coal dust-containing casting dust and adsorbing material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004452 microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，具体涉及一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法及吸附材料，制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)按重量计，称取70‑80份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和8‑15份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入0.8‑2份硝酸钾和10‑15份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。本发明通过向含煤粉铸造除尘灰中添加膨润土和硝酸钾水溶液，混合造粒，烧制得到具有多孔结构的吸附材料。The invention relates to the field of building materials, and in particular relates to a method and an adsorption material for preparing an adsorption material by using coal powder-containing casting dust. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) weighing 70-80 parts of coal powder-containing casting dust The dust and 8-15 parts of bentonite are mixed uniformly to obtain a mixture; (2) the mixture is added to the mixer, and 0.8-2 parts of potassium nitrate and 10-15 parts of water are added, and stirred to obtain a stirring material; (3) ) adding the stirring material into the granulator for granulation to obtain granules; (4) placing the granules into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material. The present invention obtains the adsorption material with porous structure by adding bentonite and potassium nitrate aqueous solution to the coal powder-containing casting dust, mixing and granulating, and firing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，具体涉及一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法及吸附材料。The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a method for preparing an adsorption material by using coal powder-containing casting dust and the adsorption material.
背景技术Background technique
铸造除尘灰粉是铸造废旧砂再生回用过程中产生的废弃物。每再生回用100吨旧砂，大概有5-10吨铸造除尘灰粉产生，如中国2018年铸件总产量约4900万吨，产生了约3000多万吨的旧砂，这些铸造废旧砂的再生回用会产生大量的铸造除尘灰粉。当前对铸造除尘灰粉的处理报道较少，大多都是直接露天堆放或填埋处理，这会严重污染环境并占用土地资源。Foundry dust dust is the waste generated in the process of recycling and reuse of foundry waste sand. For every 100 tons of used sand recycled, about 5-10 tons of foundry dust are produced. For example, China's total casting output in 2018 was about 49 million tons, and more than 30 million tons of used sand were generated. The regeneration of these waste foundry sand Recycling produces a large amount of foundry dust dust. At present, there are few reports on the treatment of foundry dust powder, and most of them are directly stacked in the open air or landfilled, which will seriously pollute the environment and occupy land resources.
经过宏微观分析发现一些铸造除尘灰粉中含量较多的煤粉和铝硅酸盐类物质，铸造除尘灰粉灼烧减量超过30％，以及少量的金属氧化物。如果将铸造除尘灰粉中煤粉和铝硅酸盐类物质分离，煤粉回收后可重新用于铸件生产中或用于石墨涂料中，而铝硅酸盐类物质可作为耐热材料或建筑材料的原材料，这不仅保护了环境，还能产生较大的经济效益。After macro and micro analysis, it was found that some foundry dust powders contained more coal powder and aluminosilicates. If the coal powder and aluminosilicates are separated from the foundry dust dust, the coal powder can be reused in the production of castings or used in graphite coatings after recovery, while the aluminosilicates can be used as heat-resistant materials or construction materials. The raw material of the material, which not only protects the environment, but also produces greater economic benefits.
目前国内对于铸造除尘灰处理仍处于起步阶段，大部分除尘灰仍作为固废填埋或者交给砖厂处理，利用价值较低。且除尘灰粒度较细，利用相对较难。特别是含煤粉的除尘灰会降低水泥制品的强度。At present, the treatment of foundry dust is still in its infancy in China, and most of the dust is still used as solid waste in landfill or handed over to brick factories for disposal, with low utilization value. And the particle size of dust removal is fine, and it is relatively difficult to use. In particular, dust containing coal dust will reduce the strength of cement products.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为解决以上问题，本发明提供一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法及吸附材料，将含煤粉铸造除尘灰与膨润土、硝酸钾混合后造粒并焙烧，制备出多孔的吸附材料，其具体技术方案如下：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method and an adsorption material for preparing an adsorption material by using the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash. Materials, and their specific technical solutions are as follows:
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取70-80份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和8-15份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 70-80 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 8-15 parts of bentonite and mix uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入0.8-2份硝酸钾和10-15份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) adding the mixed material into the mixer, and adding 0.8-2 parts of potassium nitrate and 10-15 parts of water, and stirring to obtain a stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为15-50％。Further, the mass fraction of coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 15-50%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为200-400r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 200-400 r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为3-30mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 3-30 mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为90-120℃，烘干时间为2-3h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 90-120° C., and the drying time is 2-3 h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1000-1200℃，烧制时间为2-5h。烧制过程中颗粒内的煤粉燃烧完全，烧制时间根据颗粒粒度的大小而有所不同。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1000-1200° C., and the firing time is 2-5 h. During the firing process, the pulverized coal in the particles is completely burned, and the firing time varies according to the size of the particles.
一种由上述方法制备的吸附材料，所述吸附材料的粒度为3-30mm，筒压强度≥1.0Mpa，堆积密度为350-600kg/m3。An adsorption material prepared by the above method, the particle size of the adsorption material is 3-30 mm, the cylinder pressure strength is ≥1.0 Mpa, and the bulk density is 350-600 kg/m 3 .
进一步的，所述吸附材料的单个颗粒孔隙率≥25％。Further, the single particle porosity of the adsorbent material is greater than or equal to 25%.
本发明的一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法及吸附材料具有如下有益效果：The method and the adsorbent material for preparing an adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明通过向含煤粉铸造除尘灰添加膨润土和硝酸钾水溶液，混合造粒，烧制得到具有多孔结构的吸附材料。膨润土起到粘结作用，便于含煤粉铸造除尘灰粘结制成颗粒。硝酸钾可在烧制过程中释放氧气，防止颗粒表面陶瓷化成致密的壳，并促进颗粒内煤粉及除尘灰的充分燃烧。(1) In the present invention, an adsorption material with a porous structure is obtained by adding bentonite and potassium nitrate aqueous solution to the coal powder-containing casting dust, mixing and granulating, and firing. Bentonite plays a role in bonding, which is convenient for coal powder-containing casting dust to be bonded into particles. Potassium nitrate can release oxygen during the firing process, prevent the surface of the particles from ceramizing into a dense shell, and promote the full combustion of pulverized coal and dust in the particles.
(2)本发明直接利用除尘灰中的煤粉做出疏松多孔结构，节省了从除尘灰中分离煤粉的工艺步骤。同时，煤粉热值高，烧制时释放大量热能，本发明既利用了煤粉在除尘灰中均匀分散的物理形态制出多孔结构，又充分利用了煤粉的热能，大大节约了能耗。(2) The present invention directly uses the coal powder in the dust removal ash to make a loose porous structure, and saves the process steps of separating the coal powder from the dust removal ash. At the same time, the calorific value of pulverized coal is high, and a large amount of heat energy is released during firing. The present invention not only utilizes the physical form of pulverized coal uniformly dispersed in the dust removal ash to produce a porous structure, but also fully utilizes the thermal energy of pulverized coal, which greatly saves energy consumption. .
(3)本发明的一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法充分利用了含煤粉铸造除尘灰，实现废弃资源的二次利用，制备的吸附材料可应用于污水处理或地面填充。烧制过程实现了铸造除尘灰无害化处理，本发明的制备方法具有一定经济效益和环境效益。(3) The method of the present invention for preparing an adsorption material by using the powdered coal-containing foundry dust makes full use of the powdered coal-containing foundry dust to realize the secondary utilization of waste resources, and the prepared adsorption material can be applied to sewage treatment or ground filling . The firing process realizes the harmless treatment of foundry dust and dust, and the preparation method of the invention has certain economic and environmental benefits.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取70份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和8份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 70 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 8 parts of bentonite and mix to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入0.8份硝酸钾和10份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) described mixture is added in mixer, and add 0.8 part of potassium nitrate and 10 parts of water, stir to obtain stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为15％。Further, the mass fraction of coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 15%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为400r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 400r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为20mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 20mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为120℃，烘干时间为2h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 120°C, and the drying time is 2h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1000℃，烧制时间为5h。Further, the firing temperature of step (4) is 1000° C., and the firing time is 5 h.
实施例2Example 2
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取80份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和15份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 80 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 15 parts of bentonite and mix them uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入0.2份硝酸钾和15份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) described mixture is added in mixer, and add 0.2 part of potassium nitrate and 15 parts of water, stir to obtain stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为25％。Further, the mass fraction of coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 25%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为400r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 400r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为30mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 30mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为120℃，烘干时间为3h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 120°C, and the drying time is 3h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1200℃，烧制时间为3h。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1200° C., and the firing time is 3 h.
实施例3Example 3
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取70份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和10份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 70 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 10 parts of bentonite and mix to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入1.5份硝酸钾和15份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) described mixture is added in mixer, and add 1.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 15 parts of water, stir to obtain stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为15％。Further, the mass fraction of coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 15%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为300r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 300r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为3mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 3mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为100℃，烘干时间为3h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 100°C, and the drying time is 3h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1200℃，烧制时间为2h。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1200° C., and the firing time is 2 h.
实施例4Example 4
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取75份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和12份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 75 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 12 parts of bentonite and mix to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入1份硝酸钾和10份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) described mixture is added in mixer, and add 1 part of potassium nitrate and 10 parts of water, stir to obtain stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为50％。Further, the mass fraction of the coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 50%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为200r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 200r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为5mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 5mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为90℃，烘干时间为2h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 90°C, and the drying time is 2h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1100℃，烧制时间为2h。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1100° C., and the firing time is 2 h.
实施例5Example 5
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取80份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和8份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 80 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 8 parts of bentonite and mix them uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入1份硝酸钾和14份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) described mixture is added in mixer, and add 1 part of potassium nitrate and 14 parts of water, stir to obtain stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为20％。Further, the mass fraction of the coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 20%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为300r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 300r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为10mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 10mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为120℃，烘干时间为2h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 120°C, and the drying time is 2h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1200℃，烧制时间为4h。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1200° C., and the firing time is 4 h.
对比例Comparative ratio
与实施例1相比，区别仅在于，本对比例未添加硝酸钾，具体如下：Compared with Example 1, the difference is only that potassium nitrate is not added in this comparative example, as follows:
一种利用含煤粉铸造除尘灰制备吸附材料的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing adsorbent material by using coal powder-containing casting dust, comprising the following steps:
(1)按重量计，称取70份含煤粉铸造除尘灰和8份膨润土混合均匀得混合料；(1) by weight, take by weighing 70 parts of powdered coal-containing foundry dust and 8 parts of bentonite and mix to obtain a mixture;
(2)将所述混合料加入至搅拌机中，并加入10份水，搅拌均匀得搅拌料；(2) adding the mixed material into the mixer, and adding 10 parts of water, and stirring to obtain a stirring material;
(3)将所述搅拌料加入至造粒机内造粒，得颗粒；(3) adding described stirring material to granulation in granulator to obtain granules;
(4)将所述颗粒放入回转窑内烘干并烧制，即得所述吸附材料。(4) Putting the particles into a rotary kiln for drying and firing to obtain the adsorbent material.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰中煤粉的质量分数为15％。Further, the mass fraction of coal powder in the coal powder-containing foundry dust is 15%.
进一步的，所述含煤粉铸造除尘灰的粒度≤200目，所述膨润土的粒度≤200目。Further, the particle size of the coal powder-containing foundry dust ash is less than or equal to 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
进一步的，所述搅拌机的搅拌速度为400r/min。Further, the stirring speed of the mixer is 400r/min.
进一步的，所述颗粒的粒度为20mm。Further, the particle size of the particles is 20mm.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烘干温度为120℃，烘干时间为2h。Further, the drying temperature of step (4) is 120°C, and the drying time is 2h.
进一步的，步骤(4)的烧制温度为1000℃，烧制时间为5h。Further, the firing temperature in step (4) is 1000° C., and the firing time is 5 h.
以上实施例和对比例制备的吸附材料的测试结果如下表所示：The test results of the adsorbent materials prepared by the above examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
由实施例1-5可知，本发明的制备方法制备的吸附材料粒度为3-30mm，筒压强度≥1.0Mpa，堆积密度为350-600kg/m3，单个颗粒孔隙率≥25％。本发明制备的吸附材料单个颗粒孔隙率高，堆积密度较低，具有一定抗压强度，可应用于污水处理、地面填充等。It can be seen from Examples 1-5 that the particle size of the adsorbent material prepared by the preparation method of the present invention is 3-30mm, the cylinder pressure strength is ≥1.0Mpa, the bulk density is 350-600kg/m 3 , and the single particle porosity is ≥25%. The single particle of the adsorption material prepared by the invention has high porosity, low bulk density and certain compressive strength, and can be applied to sewage treatment, ground filling and the like.
结合实施例1和对比例1可知，添加硝酸钾制备的吸附材料单个颗粒孔隙率更高，堆积密度更低，这是由于硝酸钾可在烧制过程中释放氧气，防止颗粒表面陶瓷化成致密的壳，并促进颗粒内煤粉及除尘灰的充分燃烧。Combined with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the single particle of the adsorbent material prepared by adding potassium nitrate has higher porosity and lower bulk density. This is because potassium nitrate can release oxygen during the firing process, preventing the surface of the particles from ceramicizing into dense particles. Shell, and promote the full combustion of pulverized coal and dust in the particles.
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