CN114680238B

CN114680238B - Feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114680238B
Application number: CN202011588768.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周建成
Original assignee: Liuyang Lebai Organic Nutrition Co ltd
Current assignee: Liuyang Lebai Organic Nutrition Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2024-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN114680238A

Abstract

The invention provides a feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol, which comprises an adsorption dilute and release material and carvacrol adsorbed in the adsorption material, wherein the adsorption dilute and release material is 300-18 ten thousand meshes of superfine powder. The superfine dispersion carvacrol provided by the invention has higher specific surface area of particles, can form huge particle quantity and is highly dispersed in feed, so that inherent mucous membrane irritation of carvacrol is dispersed in an ultra-large area to be passivated, the palatability of carvacrol and the feed conversion rate level are improved, and the level of replacing antibiotics is achieved.

Description

Feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol and application thereof.

Background

The feed antibiotics of 7 months 1 in 2020 are formally forbidden by the agricultural rural department No. 194 notice and serve as one of the main components of the replacement antibody: carvacrol (2-methyl-5-isopropyl phenol) is widely used, but because carvacrol is inherently strong in irritation, palatability is very poor, and is often caused to refusal to eat and decrease feed intake of poultry, a coating technology is mainly adopted to coat carvacrol at the present stage, but carvacrol is a volatile liquid, volatilization loss in the coating process is large, coating difficulty is high, cost is high, and even if coating is good, irritation and irritation are not greatly reduced on the coating surface, the carvacrol can pass through an entrance gate, but after coated particles reach the coating material in the stomach and intestine to dissolve, the carvacrol oil aggregated by the particles still can generate strong irritation on the stomach and intestine mucous membrane after being released, so that feed conversion rate is extremely reduced, for example, 60ppm of coated carvacrol is added in a pig feed conservation stage, the feed weight ratio is as high as 2.4-1.6, and the normal feed weight ratio at the stage is presumably caused by extremely reduced gastrointestinal irritation digestive enzyme secretion caused by the strong irritation of carvacrol.

At present, 20-120 mesh (particle size of 830-120 um) adsorption materials are generally adopted as carvacrol feed additives, such as white carbon black, vermiculite, corncob and the like, and due to larger particles, coating and granulating are larger due to the requirement of equipment for granulating and coating, the particles reach 2-40 mesh (particle size of 8000-380 um), and the carvacrol aggregation amount is larger, so that the using effect is influenced. The common absorption carvacrol product with 20-120 meshes in the feed has the advantages that the addition concentration of 20-40ppm can affect the palatability, the coating technology is good, after the use concentration of the carvacrol exceeds 60ppm, the feed intake of animals is obviously reduced, and the addition of 100ppm carvacrol can cause gastric bleeding and death of piglets. However, the minimum antibacterial concentration of carvacrol for most bacteria is 125-250ppm, that is to say, the addition concentration of carvacrol in the feed needs to exceed 125mg/kg to reach the antibiotic antibacterial level, in the latter antibiotic age, the requirement of complete replacement resistance cannot be obviously met under the condition that the addition concentration of carvacrol does not influence the feeding performance is 10-60ppm, and pigs and chickens can be greatly diarrhea and dead or the use of antibiotics for animals is greatly increased, so that the disabled antibiotics of the feed lose significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a feed additive superfine dispersed carvacrol and application thereof, wherein the superfine dispersed carvacrol can be highly dispersed in feed, and the irritation of the carvacrol is passivated, so that the palatability of the carvacrol is improved, and the addition of 100-300ppm of high-concentration carvacrol does not influence the palatability of animals, so that the excellent level of replacing antibiotics is achieved.

The invention provides a feed additive ultra-fine dispersion plant essential oil, which comprises the following components:

An adsorption material;

Plant essential oil for feed additives adsorbed inside the adsorption material;

diluting the material; the adsorption material and the dilution material are superfine powder with 300-18 ten thousand meshes.

Preferably, the adsorption material and the dilution material are superfine powder with the particle size of 1000-5000 meshes.

Preferably, the adsorption material is selected from oil absorption materials, preferably, the adsorption material is selected from white carbon black, corncob or cyclodextrin.

Preferably, the diluting material has no adsorption function to the plant essential oil and is selected from stone powder or calcium hydrophosphate.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the adsorption material to the diluent material to the plant essential oil is 1:0.01-2.5, the mass ratio of the adsorption material to the plant essential oil is 1:1-2, and the rest is the diluent.

Preferably, the plant essential oil is selected from one or more of carvacrol, eugenol, thymol, wintergreen oil, cinnamaldehyde, eucalyptus oil and terpineol; preferably, the vegetable olein is selected from carvacrol.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed additive superfine dispersed plant essential oil, which is characterized in that the adsorption material and the plant essential oil are mixed and diluted by the dilution material to obtain superfine dispersed carvacrol.

The invention provides a feed additive, which is ultrafine dispersed plant essential oil of the feed additive, and the addition amount of the ultrafine dispersed plant essential oil in the feed is 15-500mg/kg based on the plant essential oil.

The invention also provides a feed, which comprises the feed additive, wherein the addition amount of the superfine dispersed carvacrol in the feed is 15-500mg/kg calculated by carvacrol.

Preferably, the feed is used for feeding pigs, chickens, fish, shrimps and crabs.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol, which comprises adsorption and dilution materials and carvacrol adsorbed in the adsorption materials, wherein the adsorption and dilution materials are superfine powder of 300-18 ten thousand meshes. The superfine dispersion carvacrol provided by the invention has higher specific surface area of particles, and can form huge particle quantity to be highly dispersed in feed, so that inherent mucous membrane irritation of carvacrol is dispersed in a super large area and is blunt, the palatability of carvacrol is improved, and the level of replacing antibiotics is excellent.

Detailed Description

An adsorption material;

Plant essential oil for feed additives adsorbed inside the adsorption material;

In the invention, the adsorption material and the dilution material are ultrafine powder, and the mesh number is 300-18 ten thousand meshes, preferably 1000-5000 meshes. Wherein the particle size of the ultrafine powder is 50-0.1 μm, and more preferably 13-2.6 μm.

In the present invention, the adsorption material is selected from oil absorbing materials. Preferably, the adsorption material is selected from white carbon black, corncob or cyclodextrin.

The diluting material has no adsorption function to the plant essential oil, and stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate and the like are preferred.

The plant essential oil is selected from one or more of carvacrol, eugenol, thymol, wintergreen oil, cinnamaldehyde, eucalyptus oil and terpineol; preferably, the vegetable olein is selected from carvacrol.

The carvacrol is a chemical composition or a natural extract.

The oregano oil (Oregano) is volatile oil extracted from natural plants (oregano), is a novel animal health care medicine and feed additive, and active ingredients of the oregano oil have strong surface activity and fat solubility, can quickly penetrate through cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, enable contents to be lost, effectively prevent respiration oxidation processes in mitochondria, enable the pathogenic microorganisms to lose energy supply and die, have obvious curative effects on piglet diarrhea caused by escherichia coli, salmonella and treponema, and cannot generate drug resistance. Meanwhile, the oregano oil has unique fragrance, can stimulate receptors of the digestive tracts of piglets, activate the activity of digestive enzymes, promote digestion and improve the feed conversion rate of the piglets.

In the invention, the specific surface area of the ultra-fine dispersed plant essential oil is 300m ²/kg-300m²/g. In some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the dispersion of the product containing 10% of the plant essential oil may be up to 200m ²/g.

In the present invention, the specific surface area can be measured by a method such as a specific surface area meter.

The mass ratio of the adsorption material to the dilution material to the plant essential oil is 1:0.01-2.5.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed additive superfine dispersion carvacrol, which comprises the steps of mixing an adsorption material with carvacrol, and diluting with a diluting material to obtain superfine dispersion carvacrol, wherein the finer the better the superfine dispersion carvacrol, the higher the dispersity is.

The method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the method known to those skilled in the art may be used. And then mixing the superfine adsorption material with plant essential oil for spray coating adsorption to obtain superfine dispersed carvacrol, and then diluting with superfine stone powder or calcium hydrophosphate powder with the same fineness and density to obtain a plant essential oil product with certain concentration and content, thereby avoiding grading of the feed additive product due to different particle sizes and densities in the storage, transportation and use processes.

The superfine dispersion plant essential oil provided by the invention has higher particle specific surface area, can form huge particle quantity and is highly dispersed in feed, so that inherent mucous membrane irritation of the plant essential oil is dispersed in a super large area and is blunt, the palatability of the plant essential oil for a feed additive is improved, and the level of the antibiotic is replaced excellently.

The invention also provides a feed additive, which is the superfine dispersed plant essential oil of the feed additive, and the addition amount of the superfine dispersed plant essential oil in the feed is 15-500mg/kg, preferably 50-400mg/kg, and further preferably 100-300 mg/kg based on the plant essential oil.

The invention also provides a feed, which comprises the feed additive, wherein the addition amount of the ultra-fine dispersed plant essential oil in the feed is 15-500mg/kg, preferably 50-400mg/kg, and further preferably 100-300 mg/kg based on the plant essential oil. In the invention, the feed is used for feeding pigs, chickens, fishes, shrimps and crabs.

The superfine dispersion carvacrol provided by the invention has higher specific surface area of particles, and can form huge particle quantity to be highly dispersed in feed, so that inherent mucous membrane irritation of carvacrol is dispersed in a super large area and is blunt, the palatability of carvacrol is improved, and the level of replacing antibiotics is excellent.

The results show that the oregano oil, the effective mequin, the eidolon and the aureomycin can all improve the daily gain of piglets, compared with a control group, the oregano oil is improved by 15.19 percent, the effective mequin is improved by 13.32 percent, the eidolon is improved by 9.95 percent and the aureomycin is improved by 5.15 percent, but the difference among the treatments is not obvious (P is more than 0.05). The oregano oil, the effective mexine and the eidolon can obviously reduce the feed weight ratio of piglets (P < 0.05), and the oregano oil is reduced most. Oregano oil, effective mequin, eidolon and aureomycin did not differ significantly in controlling diarrhea in piglets (P > 0.05).

In some specific embodiments of the invention, the highly dispersed carvacrol is firstly adsorbed and diluted by the superfine powder and then subjected to nano coating or granulating to 20-60 meshes, and after being ingested by animals, the carvacrol can be highly dispersed and slowly released, and the problem of palatability of plant essential oil for a feed additive can be thoroughly solved.

In order to further understand the present invention, the feed additive ultra-fine dispersion plant essential oil and application provided by the present invention are described below with reference to examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1

The product containing 10% carvacrol produced by Hunan Jingtian science and technology industries, inc. is prepared by firstly absorbing 100kg of 99.9% carvacrol with 80kg of superfine white carbon black with 800-1000 meshes and then diluting with 820kg of 1000 meshes of stone powder.

Example 2

The feed additive product containing 18% of carvacrol is formed by adsorbing and diluting 300-400 meshes of granular white carbon black and stone powder.

Example 3

The feed additive product containing 18% of carvacrol is formed by adsorption dilution of 3000-5000 mesh granular white carbon black and stone powder.

Comparative example 1

Absorbing and diluting 20-120 mesh granular white carbon black and stone powder to obtain a feed additive product containing 18% of carvacrol

Example 4

The test is carried out in a Sichuan new hope group Rhinoceros test field, and a feeding comparison test is carried out aiming at the influence of aureomycin which is used for a long time, avilamycin which is newer in China and two plant extracts (oregano oil and eidolon) on the growth performance of early weaned pigs.

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Test animals

60 Piglets with the same parity as the Taihu pigs, weaning at 21 days old and weighing about 4.65kg are selected as test materials.

1.2 Test drug

The antibiotics aureomycin and avilamycin, and the plant extracts include oregano oil and eidolon (Genx). Averamycin (effective memycin) is produced by U.S. Gift; oregano oil is 150 grams of the product produced by Hunan Jingtian technology Co., ltd., in accordance with example 1; the fairy was produced by Guangzhou city cyclocarya trade company.

1.3 Design of experiments

The 21-day-old weaned piglets were divided into 5 groups of 4 drug groups and 1 blank group, each group was provided with 3 replicates, each replicate was provided with 4 piglets (male and female halves), and the piglets were kept in 15 houses with substantially identical adjacent environments, requiring that the average weight difference of the piglets in each group was insignificant (P > 0.05). The specific design is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

	Test 1 group	Test group 2	Test 3 group	Test 4 group	Control group
						Medicine name	Aureomycin	Effective beautifying element	Elfin soldier	Oregano oil	Without any means for
Medicine adding amount mg/kg	200	10	1000	15	0
						Number of replicates pig count	3*4	3*4	3*4	3*4	3*4
Total number of pigs	12	12	12	12	12

1.4 Test time

The method is divided into two periods, wherein 1-21 days of piglets are a pre-test period, the heat preservation work is well noted, and 7 days of piglets are fed with foodstuff; weaning the piglets at the age of 21 days, starting from the age of 22 days, entering a formal test, ending at the age of 56 days, and keeping the whole test for 35 days.

1.5 Test basal diet

Is a typical corn-bean meal type diet (added with a small amount of fish meal and whey powder), is subjected to high-temperature steam granulation (80-85%, 3 atm), and is a basic diet (table 2) without any antibiotics and plant extracts; each drug treatment group was dosed with drug in the basal diet as designed in table 1.

Table 2 basal diet formulation and nutrient levels

1.6 Feeding management

Cement floor feeding is adopted, and the colony house is thoroughly disinfected by using a hundred-poison killing agent before the test. The piglets in the test period eat and drink water freely, the ground in the house is kept dry, the heat preservation is well kept, the piglets are immunized conventionally and castrated at 32 days old, and the piglets are found to be ill and treated in time.

1.7 Test index

And (5) conventionally investigating weight gain and feed intake, calculating daily weight gain and feed-weight ratio, and counting diarrhea rate.

Diarrhea rate (%) = total head of diarrhea day of test period/total head of feeding day of test period 100%

1.8 Statistical analysis of data

SPSS software was used to conduct analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of daily gain and feed to weight ratio.

2 Results and analysis

From the whole test process, all groups of piglets are normal in feeding and drinking, and the digestion and growth of the piglets are normal.

The head average weight gain, head average daily weight gain, head average material consumption, material weight ratio and diarrhea rate index of each treatment group in the test period are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 growth performance of each treated piglet

Note that: the same data shoulder marks were not significantly different in lowercase letters (P > 0.05) and were significantly different in letters (P < 0.05).

As can be seen from Table 3, the daily gain of origanum oil group was highest in all date of maturity, 15.19% higher than control, 13.32% higher in effective metacin than control, 9.95% higher in the eidolon group and 5.15% lower in the aureomycin group, respectively. But none of the average daily gain differences between the groups reached significant levels (P > 0.05).

As can also be seen from table 3, the feed weight ratio of piglets in the effective metacin group, the oregano oil group and the eidolon group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the feed weight ratio of aureomycin group was not significantly different from that in the control group (P > 0.05). Statistical analysis shows that the diarrhea rate of piglets in each group is not significantly different (P > 0.05).

The experiment shows that the chlortetracycline can increase the daily gain of piglets by 5.15 percent, the feed weight ratio is reduced by 4.57 percent, but the difference is not obvious (P is more than 0.05) through statistical analysis; it is not effective in controlling diarrhea of piglets. The origanum oil can increase daily gain of piglets by 15.19% (P > 0.05) and decrease feed weight ratio by 12% (P < 0.05). The effective methoprene improves the daily gain of piglets by 13.32 percent, but does not reach a significant level (P > 0.05), the feed-to-weight ratio is reduced by 8 percent (P < 0.05), and the effective methoprene has no significant effect on diarrhea of piglets (P > 0.05). The eidolon improves the daily gain of piglets by 9.95 percent, but the difference is not obvious (P is more than 0.05), the feed weight ratio is reduced by 8.57 percent (P is less than 0.05), and the effect of controlling diarrhea of piglets is not obvious (P is more than 0.05).

Therefore, the plant extract origanum oil and the eidolon produced in the example 1 can achieve the same growth promoting effect of the antibiotic aureomycin for early weaned pigs, and the effect and the comprehensive benefit of the origanum oil are high.

Example 5

As the minimum inhibitory concentration of carvacrol is 125-250ppm, the palatability reaction and various production results of piglets at the addition of 100ppm are examined in the embodiment.

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Test animals

150 Piglets which are weaned at 25 days old and have a weight of about 6.5kg are selected as test materials.

1.2 Test drug

Carvacrol products produced in examples 1-3, products produced in comparative examples, and carvacrol-coated products (18% carvacrol-containing, etc.) commercially available from the company beijing fedi, outsource.

1.3 Design of experiments

150 Piglets weaned at 25 days of age were randomly divided into 5 groups, each group was provided with 3 replicates, each replicate was provided with 10 piglets (male and female halves), and the piglets were kept in adjacent, substantially uniform-environment houses, requiring that the average weight difference of the piglets of each group was not significant (P > 0.05). The specific design of the addition concentration of carvacrol of each group is 100mg/kg is shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Table 4

1.4 Test time

The method is divided into two periods, wherein 1-25 days of piglets are a pre-test period, the heat preservation work is well noted, and 7 days of piglets are fed with foodstuff; weaning piglets at 25 days old, starting from 26 days old, entering into a formal test, ending at 38 days old, weighing 6:00 on a 6:00 empty stomach at 39 days old, and keeping the whole test for 12 days.

1.5 Test basal diet

The typical corn-bean meal type diet (added with a small amount of fish meal and whey powder) is produced according to the table 8 after high-temperature steam granulation (80-85% and 3 atm), and carvacrol 100mg/kg feed is added into the basic diet according to the design of table 4 in each treatment group.

Table 5 basal diet formulation and nutrient levels

1.6 Feeding management

Cement floor feeding is adopted, and the colony house is thoroughly disinfected by using a hundred-poison killing agent before the test. The piglets in the test period eat and drink water freely, the ground in the house is kept dry, the temperature is kept between 22 and 26 ℃, the piglets are immunized conventionally, the piglets are castrated at 32 days old, and the piglets are found to be ill and treated in time.

1.7 Test index

1.8 Statistical analysis of data

2 Results and analysis

The average initial weight, average final weight, daily head weight gain, daily feed intake, feed weight ratio and diarrhea rate index for each treatment group during the test period are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 growth performance of each treated piglet

	Test 1 group	Test 2 groups	Test 3 groups	Coating control group 1	Control group 2
						Average initial weight kg	6.51	6.53	6.52	6.61	6.63
Average final weight kg	10.63	10.15	9.89	9.72	8.61
						Daily weight gain g	343^a	302^a	281^ab	259^b	165^c
Daily feed intake g	394^a	353^b	340^b	342^b	236^c
						Ratio of material to weight	1.15^a	1.17^a	1.21^a	1.32^a	1.43^b
Diarrhea rate	3.74^a	4.92^a	4.53^a	5.49^a	8.90^b

Note that: the same difference between the shoulder marks and lower case letters of the same line data is not obvious (P > 0.05), and the difference between the different letters is obvious (P < 0.05) or the difference is extremely obvious (P < 0.01).

As a result, although carvacrol is added only by 100ppm, the temperature is kept at 22-26 ℃ because of good heat preservation, so that the smooth completion of the test is ensured (in fact, if the heat preservation is not good, 100ppm of carvacrol is used for replacing the antigen under the condition of raising farmers), the daily gain, the feed intake and the feed weight ratio of piglets in groups 1,2 and 3 are good by adopting the superfine white carbon black highly dispersed carvacrol test of the invention, but the group of 3000-5000 meshes is better than the group of 800-1000 meshes (P < 0.05), and the group of 800-1000 meshes is better than the group of 300-400 meshes (P > 0.05). The comparison group 1 has no difference in feed intake from the group with 300-400 meshes, but the daily gain and feed efficiency are lower than those of the group with 300-400 meshes, which shows that the carvacrol entering the digestive tract still stimulates the mucous membrane though the entrance is closed, the feed intake and daily gain are obviously lower than those of the group with 3000-5000 meshes and the group with 800-1000 meshes which are highly dispersed, and the daily gain is also lower than those of the group with 300-400 meshes. The palatability of the control group 2 is very poor by using the common white carbon black adsorption group with 20-120 meshes, the feed intake is only 40 percent (P is less than 0.01) of the group with 3000-5000 meshes, and the control group 2 has very low feed intake, daily gain and feed conversion rate which are remarkably or extremely remarkably different from those of other groups. The large-particle common adsorption carvacrol has great influence on the palatability of the fed animals, the diarrhea is serious, and the risk of acting as an alternative product is great.

Example 6

As the minimum inhibitory concentration of carvacrol is 125-250ppm, the palatability reaction and production performance of piglets at the addition of 300ppm are examined in the embodiment.

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Test animals

225 Piglets which are weaned at 21 days of long and large ternary hybridization and have a weight of about 6.3kg are selected as test materials.

1.2 Test drug

1.3 Design of experiments

225 Piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly divided into 5 groups of 3 replicates each, each replicate having 15 piglets (male and female halves) and kept in adjacent substantially uniform-environment houses, requiring that the average weight difference of the piglets of each group is insignificant (P > 0.05). The specific design of the addition concentration of carvacrol of each group is 300mg/kg is shown in Table 7.

TABLE 7

1.4 Test time

The method is divided into two periods, wherein 1-21 days of piglets are a pre-test period, the heat preservation work is well noted, and 7 days of piglets are fed with foodstuff; weaning the piglets at 21 days, starting from 22 days, entering a formal test, ending at 33 days, weighing 6:00 empty stomach at 34 days earlier, and keeping the whole test for 12 days.

1.5 Test basal diet

The typical corn-bean meal type diet (added with a small amount of fish meal and whey powder) is produced according to the table 8 after high-temperature steam granulation (80-85% and 3 atm), and the carvacrol 300mg/kg feed is added into the basic diet according to the design of the table 7 in each treatment group.

Table 8 basal diet formulation and nutrient levels

1.6 Feeding management

Cement floor feeding is adopted, and the colony house is thoroughly disinfected by using a hundred-poison killing agent before the test. The piglets in the test period eat and drink water freely, the ground in the house is kept dry, the heat preservation is kept at 20-26 ℃, the piglets are immunized conventionally, the piglets are castrated at 32 days, and the piglets are found to be ill and treated in time.

1.7 Test index

1.8 Statistical analysis of data

2 Results and analysis

The average initial weight, average final weight, daily head weight gain, daily feed intake, feed weight ratio and diarrhea rate index for each treatment group during the test period are shown in Table 9.

Table 9 growth performance of each treated piglet

Note that: the same difference of the shoulder marks and lowercase letters of the same row of data is not obvious (P > 0.05), and the difference of different letters is obvious (P < 0.05) or the difference is extremely obvious (P < 0.01)

The above table results: the control 2 groups of large-particle common adsorbed carvacrol products are refused to eat by piglets, are severely loose, cannot be tested, and only need to terminate the group of tests; the control group 1 is coated with carvacrol, and even if carvacrol is added to 300ppm and has no influence on palatability due to better coating, the daily gain is only 145 g/day, the material weight ratio is as high as 2.4, pigs grow very poorly, and the daily gain is 55.1 percent lower than that of the 3000-5000-mesh group (P < 0.01), which indicates that when the carvacrol is added at too high concentration, the local irritation is very high due to poor dispersivity, and the reduction of digestive enzyme secretion is likely to be caused, so that the feed conversion rate is very low, the material weight ratio is as high as 2.4, and the three groups are all significantly or extremely significantly different. The three test groups can be highly dispersed in the alimentary canal after being ingested by animals due to the adsorption of the superfine white carbon black, so that the irritation of the local carvacrol is greatly reduced, and the daily gain, the feed conversion rate and the feed intake can be realized. The best effect is obtained by using 3000-5000 meshes of the finest particles, the 300-400 meshes still have a certain influence on palatability when the feed intake of carvacrol is 300ppm because the fineness is not very good, the feed intake is 313 g/day, the feed intake is 11.1 percent (P < 0.05) lower than the feed intake of 348 g/day of the carvacrol group, the feed intake is 10.9 percent (P < 0.05) lower than the feed intake of 352 g/day of the 800-1000 meshes, the feed intake is 12.6 percent (P < 0.05) lower than the feed intake of 3000-5000 meshes, the daily gain is 23.5 percent (P < 0.05) lower than the daily gain of 247 g of 800-1000 meshes, the daily gain is 26.1 percent (P < 0.05) lower than the daily gain of 338 g of the 3000-5000 meshes, which means that the carvacrol dispersion degree is higher than that of the control 1 group, the daily gain of the carvacrol group is far higher than that of the control 1 group, and the daily gain of the carvacrol (P < 0.145) is further important to explain.

Example 7

Since the minimum inhibitory MIC concentration of carvacrol was between 125-250ppm, this example examined the palatability response and production performance of piglets at 500ppm add-on, since the large particle common adsorption of carvacrol resulted in refusal of piglets at 300ppm and the daily gain performance and feed conversion rate of coated carvacrol at 300ppm at example 6 were poor, the 500ppm carvacrol test for this two model products was no longer incorporated.

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Test animals

180 Piglets which are weaned at 21 days of long and large ternary hybridization and have a weight of about 6.6kg are selected as test materials.

1.2 Test drug

The carvacrol product produced in examples 1-3.

1.3 Design of experiments

180 Piglets of weaned 21 days old are randomly divided into 3 groups, 6 repeats are arranged in each group, 10 piglets (each half of male and female) are planted in adjacent houses with basically consistent environments, and the average weight difference of the piglets in each group is required to be insignificant (P is more than 0.05). The specific design of the addition concentration of carvacrol of each group of 500mg/kg is shown in Table 10.

Table 10

1.4 Test time

1.5 Test basal diet

The typical corn-bean meal type diet (added with a small amount of fish meal and whey powder) is produced according to the table 11 after high-temperature steam granulation (80-85% and 3 atm), and the carvacrol 500mg/kg feed is added into the basic diet according to the design of the table 10 in each treatment group.

Table 11 basal diet formulation and nutrient levels

1.6 Feeding management

Cement floor feeding is adopted, and the colony house is thoroughly disinfected by using a hundred-poison killing agent before the test. The piglets in the test period eat and drink water freely, the ground in the house is kept dry, the heat preservation is kept at 18-26 ℃, the piglets are immunized conventionally, the piglets are castrated at 32 days, and the piglets are found to be ill and treated in time.

1.7 Test index

1.8 Statistical analysis of data

2 Results and analysis

The average initial weight, average final weight, daily head weight gain, daily feed intake, feed weight ratio and diarrhea rate index for each treatment group during the test period are shown in Table 12.

Table 12 growth performance of each treated piglet

	Test 1 group	Test 2 group × ⁽¹⁾	Test 3 group
				Average initial weight kg	6.63^a	6.65^a	6.64^a
Average final weight kg	8.79^a	Termination of the test	10.03^c
				Daily gain g	180^a		283^c
Daily feed intake g	209^a		303^c
				Ratio of material to weight	1.16^a		1.07^a
Diarrhea rate	0.5^a		0.3^a

The first day of feeding of the piglets of the test group 2 of (1) is rarely 50 g/head, and the second day is basically refused by most pigs, and the test feeding is stopped: the same difference of the shoulder marks and lowercase letters of the same row of data is not obvious (P > 0.05), and the difference of different letters is obvious (P < 0.05) or the difference is extremely obvious (P < 0.01)

Table 12 results, the first day of the piglets of the 300-400 mesh carvacrol group in test 2 fed little 50 g/head and the second day basically most pigs refused to feed, and the test was terminated, which indicates that the high concentration of carvacrol has a certain degree of dispersion but still has serious influence on palatability; the 800-1000 mesh dispersity carvacrol in test 1 group has an effect on palatability, which is much worse than that of example 6, and the daily feed intake of the test 3 group with 3000-5000 mesh dispersity carvacrol is 31.0 percent (P < 0.01) lower than that of the test 3 group with 303 g, so that the daily gain is 36.4 percent (P < 0.01) lower; test 3 groups of carvacrol with 3000-5000 mesh dispersion showed comparable results, but also exhibited relatively different points than example 6, indicating that high concentrations of 500ppm carvacrol, even with good dispersion, had a more or less pronounced effect on palatability. The highly dispersed carvacrol 500mg/kg of group weight ratio 1.07 for the ultra-finely divided material of 3000-5000 mesh is also at good normal level, whereas the control 1 group weight ratio of 300mg/kg of outsourced coating carvacrol not well dispersed in example 6 is 2.4, indicating that the highly dispersed carvacrol has a very positive effect on feed digestion of piglets. In general, the superfine powder material is used for treating carvacrol, so that carvacrol is highly dispersed, the palatability and feed conversion rate of carvacrol can be greatly improved, and the product is far better than large-particle carvacrol adsorption or carvacrol coating, and the 1000-5000 mesh powder adsorption and dispersion carvacrol product can basically meet the requirement of no antibiotics. Perhaps, firstly, 1000-5000 meshes of ultrafine powder materials are used for adsorption and dispersion, then the well-known coating method is used for preparing a carvacrol highly-dispersed product in coated particles, so that the influence of carvacrol on palatability can be thoroughly solved, and the normal feed conversion rate (such as the feed weight ratio of 0.95-1.1 in the piglet stage of 6-11 kg) can be exerted on high-concentration (such as 500 mg/kg) carvacrol feed, and finally antibiotics can be perfectly replaced,

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive ultra-finely dispersed plant essential oil, comprising:

An adsorption material selected from white carbon black;

a plant essential oil for a feed additive adsorbed inside the adsorption material, the plant essential oil being selected from carvacrol;

A diluting material selected from stone dust;

The adsorption material and the dilution material are superfine powder with 3000-5000 meshes;

The addition amount of the ultra-fine dispersed plant essential oil in the feed is 100-500mg/kg calculated by the plant essential oil.

2. The ultra-fine dispersion plant essential oil according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption material and the dilution material to the plant essential oil is 1:0.01-2.5, the ratio of the adsorption material to the plant essential oil is 1:1-2, and the balance is the diluent.

3. A method for preparing the feed additive ultra-fine dispersion plant essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the adsorption material is mixed with the plant essential oil and diluted with the dilution material to obtain the ultra-fine dispersion carvacrol.

4. A feed additive, characterized in that the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is an ultrafine dispersed plant essential oil, and the addition amount of the ultrafine dispersed plant essential oil in the feed is 100-500mg/kg based on the plant essential oil.

5. A feed, characterized by comprising the feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the superfine dispersed carvacrol in the feed is 100-500mg/kg calculated by carvacrol.

6. The feed according to claim 5 for feeding pigs, chickens, fish, shrimp, crabs.