CN114672320B - Composition for soil improvement and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composition for soil improvement and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000223260 Trichoderma harzianum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DBTMGCOVALSLOR-DEVYUCJPSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O DBTMGCOVALSLOR-DEVYUCJPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001543 Laminarin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005717 Laminarin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000425037 Toona sinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011783 Cedrela sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001466453 Laminaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465752 Purpureocillium lilacinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000459 effect on growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001234 toxic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a soil improvement composition and a preparation method thereof, wherein wood cellulose is used as a raw material to prepare microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls, wine tank biogas residues are used as a raw material to prepare ammonia nitrogen-loaded wine tank biogas residue activated carbon microspheres, and the composition of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus and trichoderma harzianum is used as soil restoration bacteria, and is uniformly mixed with polyaspartic acid hydrogel and laminarin to obtain the required soil improvement composition. The soil improvement composition can improve the water absorption and water retention capacity of the soil, increase the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and other nutritional components in the soil, and promote the germination of plants. Meanwhile, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, the environment is protected, and the preparation method can be applied to mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a composition for soil improvement and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Chinese is a large agricultural country with long-term farming civilization, and is a social system leading small agriculture economy from the establishment of society, so that the emotion of people on the land is particularly vigorous and performed. Soil is a material foundation for sustainable development of economy and society, the relationship people are healthy, the relationship is beautiful in China construction, and the good soil environment is important content for promoting ecological civilization construction and maintaining national ecological safety. The soil nutrient imbalance and the ecological function deterioration of the insufficient rear strength of the cultivated land and the pollution increase day by day, which are the whole current situation of the cultivated land quality in China.
The existing soil treatment in China mainly adopts three different modes, namely physical, chemical and biological modes, and uses physical, chemical and biological methods to transfer, absorb, degrade and transform pollutants in soil, so that the concentration of the pollutants is reduced to an acceptable level or toxic pollutants are transformed into harmless substances, and the soil treatment and improvement are basically carried out.
Therefore, the development of the soil improvement composition with low material cost, high treatment efficiency, environmental protection and convenient use is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above and/or problems occurring in the prior art.
It is therefore an object of the present application to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a composition for soil improvement and a method for preparing the same.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a method of preparing a composition for soil improvement, characterized by: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
preparing microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls: adding 1-2 parts of dried wood cellulose into 40-45 parts of solution at room temperature to dissolve to obtain cellulose solution, centrifuging and emulsifying, taking the lower layer of the emulsion after standing, rinsing with distilled water, washing with acetone solution, and cooling and drying to obtain microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls;
the preparation of the polyaspartic acid hydrogel comprises the steps of mixing 1-2 parts of hydrazine hydrate solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, 2-4 parts of NaOH solution with the concentration of 1mol/L and 7-8 parts of deionized water through magnetic stirring, adding 2-4 parts of polysuccinimide powder, continuously stirring for 8-10 hours to obtain a viscous gel product, adding the viscous gel product into ethanol, and drying and keeping constant weight of a light yellow precipitate to obtain the polyaspartic acid hydrogel;
preparing activated carbon microspheres loaded with ammonia nitrogen vinasse biogas residues: carbonizing the biogas residues of the wine tank to obtain a sample, adding KOH into the carbonized sample to activate, washing with alkali solution to neutrality, and drying to obtain activated carbon microspheres; then, the product is placed in an ammonium chloride solution for soaking, so that ammonium ions are adsorbed on the activated carbon microspheres, and the activated carbon microspheres loaded with biogas residues of ammonia nitrogen wine tanks are obtained;
preparing a soil improvement composition: according to the weight portion, 25 to 50 portions of microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls, 5 to 15 portions of polyaspartic acid hydrogel, 2 to 6 portions of active carbon microspheres loaded with ammonia nitrogen vinasse biogas residue, 2 to 4 portions of laminarin and 3 to 6 portions of soil restoration bacteria are evenly mixed, and the soil improvement composition is obtained after drying.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the dissolution of cellulose comprises, by weight, 8 parts of NaOH solution, 10 parts of urea and 82 parts of deionized water, and the dissolution system of cellulose is pre-cooled to-11-13 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: emulsifying cellulose, namely dissolving sorbitan monooleate in liquid paraffin, stirring for 1h, adding cellulose solution, continuously stirring for 4h, and regulating pH to be neutral; wherein, the mass ratio of the sorbitan monooleate to the liquid paraffin is 1:100.
as a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the polyaspartic acid hydrogel is prepared, wherein a viscous gel product is prepared by the following steps: the volume ratio of the ethanol is 3:2.
as a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the preparation of the ammonia nitrogen-loaded distilled grain biogas residue activated carbon microsphere comprises carbonization,
washing the wine tank biogas residues with deionized water, and drying in a drying oven;
placing the dried wine tank biogas residues into a quartz crucible, placing the crucible into a tubular resistance furnace, setting the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and simultaneously introducing 550ml/min of N 2 After that, the mixture was cooled to room temperature.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the preparation of the ammonia nitrogen-loaded distilled grain biogas residue activated carbon microsphere, wherein the activation comprises,
crushing and sieving a carbide sample, wherein the particle size is 80-120 mu m, and taking a product and KOH solution according to the mass ratio of 1:3, mixing, soaking for 10 hours, and then placing the mixture into a crucible with a cover to be placed into a muffle furnace for treatment to prepare the activated carbon microspheres; wherein the temperature of the muffle furnace is set to 800 ℃ for 1h.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the soil restoration bacteria comprise one or more of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus and trichoderma harzianum.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the mass ratio of the bacillus licheniformis to the bacillus mucilaginosus to the trichoderma harzianum is 2:2:1.
as a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a composition for soil improvement according to the present application, wherein: the temperature of the soil improvement composition after mixing and drying is 35-45 ℃.
It is a further object of the present application to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a product made by a method of preparing a composition for soil improvement.
The gain effect of the application is as follows:
(1) The application prepares a composition for soil improvement, takes the wine tank biogas residues as raw materials to prepare ammonia nitrogen-loaded wine tank biogas residue active carbon microspheres, and is a country of white spirit production, so that the produced distillers 'grains biogas residues are large in quantity and easy to spoil, and the distillers' grains are required to be developed and utilized to prevent waste and pollution. The application uses the cheap wine tank as the raw material for preparing the active carbon, increases the sustainability of the active carbon, realizes the high-value utilization of the vinasse, and combines the active carbon microspheres prepared by using the wine tank biogas residues with the common soil to enable the soil to generate more micropores, thereby improving the water absorption and the water retention of the soil and greatly improving the organic matters in the soil.
(2) When the polyaspartic acid hydrogel adopted by the application acts on plant root accessories, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in surrounding soil and other metal ions and nutrient elements can be adsorbed and enriched by complexation of carboxyl, so that the polyaspartic acid hydrogel has a strong promotion effect on growth and development of plants.
(3) According to the application, three soil restoration bacteria, namely bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus and trichoderma harzianum, are preferably used in a combined way, have a synergistic effect with polyaspartic acid hydrogel, improve the absorption effect of soil on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, promote plant growth, and meanwhile, experiments show that the effect of adding the two substances is far better than that of adding only any one of the two substances.
(4) According to the application, wood cellulose is preferably used as a raw material for preparing the microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber ball, the cost is low, a synergistic effect is generated with the activated carbon microsphere loaded with the biogas residues of the ammonia nitrogen wine tank, the water-absorbing and water-retaining effects of soil are enhanced, and experiments show that the effect of adding the two substances is far better than that of adding only any one of the two substances.
(5) The composition for soil improvement disclosed by the application is simple in preparation process, environment-friendly and free from other pollution to soil. Meanwhile, the used raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the large-scale production is facilitated, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of moisture content in soil under treatment according to various embodiments of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the range of the material proportioning conditions on the adsorption rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the pH change of soil according to various embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing comparison of the germination rate of four seasons of raw cedrela sinensis in each embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
The materials used in the application:
wood cellulose: the Guangzhou Kafen Biotechnology Co., ltd, is commonly and commercially available; polysuccinimide powder: hebei cooperative chemical priority company, common market; wine groove biogas residues: biogas residues produced by a wine tank of a certain white spirit factory; laminaria disaccharide, shanghai Yuan Ye Biotechnology Co., ltd, is commonly commercially available; soil restoration bacteria (bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, trichoderma harzianum): the Shandong Zhongke Jiayi bioengineering Co.Ltd, is commercially available.
The device used in the application comprises: centrifuge: h1850, hunan xiang instrument laboratory instruments development limited company hot air drying equipment: GZX-9070MBE, medical equipment factory of Shanghai Boqing Utility company; a pulverizer: FZ-102, tiest instruments Inc. of Tianjin; carbonization equipment: OTF-1200X tube furnace, hefei Ke Jing materials technology Co., ltd; ultrasonic treatment equipment: ZOLLO-S650CT high-frequency constant-temperature extractor, shanghai Levole instruments Co., ltd;
other raw materials and equipment are not specially described, and are all commonly and commercially available.
The application uses the common four seasons to sow the Chinese toon and records the germination condition;
the method for measuring the soil moisture content in the application comprises the following steps: adopting a soil moisture tester, LTS, hangzhou Lbo instruments Co;
the method for measuring the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil comprises the following steps: measuring the potassium content by adopting an atomic absorption spectrometry, measuring the phosphorus content by adopting a spectrophotometry, and measuring the nitrogen content by adopting a Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method;
the method for measuring the pH of the soil comprises the following steps: the soil pH meter, LD-WSYP, shandong Laiden Intelligent science and technology Co., ltd, was used.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a composition for soil improvement, comprising:
preparing microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls:
preparing a cellulose dissolution system: 8 parts of NaOH solution, 10 parts of urea and 82 parts of deionized water are mixed and precooled to-11-13 ℃ in parts by mass; adding 1 part of dried wood cellulose into 40 parts of dissolution solution at room temperature to dissolve to obtain cellulose solution, and centrifuging;
sorbitan monooleate is prepared by the following components in percentage by mass: 100 is dissolved in liquid paraffin, after stirring for 1h, cellulose solution is added, stirring is continued for 4h, and the pH is regulated to be neutral; standing, taking the lower layer liquid, rinsing with distilled water for 3 times, washing with acetone solution for 3 times, and cooling and drying to obtain microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls;
preparation of polyaspartic acid hydrogel:
according to parts by weight, mixing 1 part of 1mol/L hydrazine hydrate solution, 2 parts of 1mol/L NaOH solution and 7 parts of deionized water through magnetic stirring, adding 2-4 parts of polysuccinimide powder, and continuously stirring for 10 hours to obtain a viscous gel product, wherein the volume ratio of the product is 3:2 adding into ethanol; drying the obtained pale yellow precipitate to constant weight to obtain polyaspartic acid hydrogel;
preparing activated carbon microspheres loaded with ammonia nitrogen vinasse biogas residues:
washing the wine tank biogas residues with deionized water, and drying in a drying oven; placing the dried wine tank biogas residues into a quartz crucible, placing the crucible into a tubular resistance furnace, setting the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and simultaneously introducing 550ml/min of N 2 Cooling to room temperature to obtain a carbide sample;
crushing and sieving a carbide sample, wherein the particle size is 80-120 mu m, and taking a product and KOH solution according to the mass ratio of 1:3, mixing, soaking for 10 hours, placing the mixture into a crucible with a cover, placing the crucible into a muffle furnace with the temperature of 800 ℃ for treatment for 1 hour, and washing the crucible with alkaline solution until the mixture is neutral to obtain activated carbon microspheres; then, the product is placed in an ammonium chloride solution for soaking, so that ammonium ions are adsorbed on the activated carbon microspheres, and the activated carbon microspheres loaded with biogas residues of ammonia nitrogen wine tanks are obtained;
bacillus licheniformis: bacillus mucilaginosus: trichoderma harzianum is 2 according to the mass ratio: 2:1, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the soil remediation bacterium.
According to the parts by weight, 40 parts of microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls, 10 parts of polyaspartic acid hydrogel, 4 parts of ammonia nitrogen-loaded distilled grain biogas residue activated carbon microspheres, 3 parts of laminarin and 5 parts of soil restoration bacteria are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is dried to obtain the soil improvement composition.
Example 2
In this example, compared with example 1, no microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls were added to the soil improvement composition, and the microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls were replaced with equivalent parts by weight of activated carbon microspheres loaded with ammonia nitrogen wine tanks biogas residues, and other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
In this example, compared with example 1, the polyaspartic acid hydrogel was not added to the soil improvement composition, and the polyaspartic acid hydrogel was replaced with the same mass fraction of soil restoration bacteria, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
In this example, compared with example 1, no activated carbon microsphere loaded with biogas residues of an ammonia nitrogen wine tank was added to the soil improvement composition, and the activated carbon microsphere was replaced with microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber spheres of the same mass fraction, and other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
In this example, as compared with example 1, laminariae disaccharide was not added to the soil improvement composition, and other production conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
In this example, compared with example 1, no soil-modifying bacteria were added to the soil-modifying composition, and the soil-modifying bacteria were replaced with polyaspartic acid hydrogel of the same mass fraction, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 7
In this example, compared with example 1, 5 parts by mass of Bacillus licheniformis were added to the soil improving composition, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 8
In this example, compared with example 1, the soil restoration bacteria added to the soil improvement composition were added in parts by mass to the composition of 2 parts by mass of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 2 parts by mass of bacillus mucilaginosus and 1 part by mass of paecilomyces lilacinus, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 9
In this example, as compared with example 1, when preparing microcrystalline water-absorbent fiber balls, 1 part of wood cellulose was added to 25 parts of the dissolution solution to dissolve, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 10
In this example, as compared with example 1, when preparing polyaspartic acid hydrogel, 2 parts of 1mol/L hydrazine hydrate solution, 2 parts of 1mol/L NaOH solution and 5 parts of deionized water were mixed by magnetic stirring, and 4 parts of polysuccinimide powder was added, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 11
In this example, the amount of the microcrystalline water-absorbent fiber balls added to the soil amendment composition was 15 parts as compared with example 1, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 12
In this example, the amount of the microcrystalline water-absorbent fiber balls added to the soil amendment composition was 60 parts as compared with example 1, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 13
In this example, compared with example 1, the polyaspartic acid hydrogel was added in an amount of 3 parts to the soil improvement composition, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 14
In this example, compared with example 1, the polyaspartic acid hydrogel was added in an amount of 20 parts to the soil improvement composition, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 15
In this example, compared with example 1, the amount of activated carbon microspheres loaded with biogas residues in a tank for ammonia nitrogen wine in the soil improvement composition was 1 part, and other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 16
In this example, compared with example 1, the addition amount of activated carbon microspheres loaded with biogas residues in a tank for ammonia nitrogen wine in the soil improvement composition was 10 parts, and other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 17
In this example, compared with example 1, the laminarin was added in an amount of 1 part to the soil improvement composition, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 18
In this example, compared with example 1, the laminarin was added in an amount of 5 parts to the soil improvement composition, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 19
In this example, the amount of soil-modifying bacteria added to the soil-modifying composition was 1 part as compared with example 1, and other production conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 20
In this example, the amount of soil-modifying bacteria added to the soil-modifying composition was 8 parts as compared with example 1, and the other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 21
In this example, the temperature of the soil improvement composition after mixing and drying was 60℃as compared with example 1, and other preparation process conditions were the same as in example 1.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of moisture content measurement in soil under treatment of different examples. When the water content of the soil is 18.5% -20%, the effective water content of the soil is maximum, and the soil is at the upper limit suitable for cultivation; when the water content of the soil is 15.5% -18.5%, the effective water content of the soil is higher, so that the soil is the most suitable water content for sowing and cultivation; when the water content of the soil is 12-15%, the effective water content is low, the seeding and the emergence of seedlings are uneven, and irrigation is needed. When the water content of the soil is below 8%, no water can be absorbed by crops, and the soil is not suitable for cultivation and sowing. The soil of the best example 1 has a water content of 16.5% and is best suited for sowing cultivation; in the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4, only one substance of the microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls and the activated carbon microspheres loaded with the biogas residues of the ammonia nitrogen wine tanks is added, and the water content of soil is respectively 10.2% and 8.2%, which indicates that the microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls and the activated carbon microspheres loaded with the biogas residues of the ammonia nitrogen wine tanks produce a synergistic effect, and the water absorbing capacity of the soil is enhanced.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil under the treatment of different examples. The optimum nitrogen content in normal soil is 14-22g/kg, phosphorus content is 6-10g/kg, and potassium content is 10-15g/kg. As can be seen, the contents of NPK in the preferred embodiment 1 are 20.2g/kg, 5.0g/kg and 7.2g/kg, respectively, which are all within the preferred ranges. In example 3 and example 6, only one of the polyaspartic acid hydrogel or the soil restoration bacteria was added, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil was greatly reduced compared with example 1, which indicates that the synergistic effect between the polyaspartic acid hydrogel and the soil restoration bacteria is produced, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil was enhanced, and the nutrient content of the soil was increased
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of pH measurements in soil under treatment of different examples. The optimum pH in normal soil is in the range of 5-8, and the pH in the best example 1 is 7.2. When the addition amount of the polyaspartic acid hydrogel in the example 14 is too large, the pH value in the soil is low; in example 13, the pH in the soil was too high when the amount of the polyaspartic acid hydrogel added was too small, i.e., when the amount of the polyaspartic acid hydrogel added was in the range of 5 to 15 parts, the pH of the soil was most suitable.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the germination rate of four seasons Chinese toon in soil treated in different examples. It can be seen that the germination rate of toona sinensis reaches 93% in the preferred embodiment 1, which is more than 40% of the original soil. Meanwhile, as can be seen from examples 2 to 21, the beneficial effects of changing the various parameters in example 1 are greatly reduced.
According to the application, wood cellulose is preferably used as a raw material for preparing the microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls, so that the cost is low, and the raw material is easy to obtain; the cheap wine tank is used as a raw material for preparing the activated carbon microsphere, so that the sustainability of the activated carbon is improved, and the high-value utilization of the vinasse is realized. Meanwhile, the two substances interact to generate a synergistic effect, so that the water absorption and retention effects of the soil are enhanced.
When the polyaspartic acid hydrogel acts on plant root accessories, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other metal ions and nutrient elements in surrounding soil can be adsorbed and enriched, so that the polyaspartic acid hydrogel has a strong promotion effect on the growth and development of plants, and has a synergistic effect with soil restoration bacteria.
The composition for soil improvement provided by the application is simple in preparation process, environment-friendly and free from other pollution to soil. Meanwhile, the used raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the large-scale production is facilitated, and the cost is saved.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A method of preparing a composition for soil improvement, characterized by: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
preparing a cellulose dissolution system: mixing 8 parts of NaOH solution, 10 parts of urea and 82 parts of deionized water, pre-cooling to-11-13 ℃ to obtain a solution, adding 1 part of dried wood cellulose into 40 parts of the solution at room temperature to dissolve the dried wood cellulose to obtain a cellulose solution, and centrifuging;
sorbitan monooleate is prepared by the following components in percentage by mass: 100 is dissolved in liquid paraffin, after stirring for 1h, cellulose solution is added, stirring is continued for 4h, pH is regulated to be neutral, standing is carried out, lower layer liquid is taken out, distilled water is used for rinsing 3 times, acetone solution is used for washing 3 times, cooling and drying are carried out, and microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls are obtained;
preparation of polyaspartic acid hydrogel: according to the parts by weight, mixing 1 part of a hydrazine hydrate solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, 2 parts of a NaOH solution with the concentration of 1mol/L and 7 parts of deionized water through magnetic stirring, adding 2-4 parts of polysuccinimide powder, and continuously stirring for 10 hours to obtain a viscous gel product, wherein the volume ratio of the product is 3:2, adding the mixture into ethanol, and drying the obtained light yellow precipitate to constant weight to obtain polyaspartic acid hydrogel;
preparing activated carbon microspheres loaded with ammonia nitrogen vinasse biogas residues: washing the wine tank biogas residues with deionized water, and drying in a drying oven; placing the dried wine tank biogas residues into a quartz crucible, placing the crucible into a tubular resistance furnace, setting the temperature to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and simultaneously introducing 550ml/min of N 2 Cooling to room temperature to obtain a carbide sample;
crushing and sieving the carbide sample, wherein the particle size is 80-120 mu m, and taking a product and KOH solution according to the mass ratio of 1:3, mixing, soaking for 10 hours, placing the mixture into a crucible with a cover, placing the crucible into a muffle furnace with the temperature of 800 ℃ for treatment for 1 hour, and washing the crucible with alkaline solution until the mixture is neutral to obtain activated carbon microspheres; then, the product is placed in an ammonium chloride solution for soaking, so that ammonium ions are adsorbed on the activated carbon microspheres, and the activated carbon microspheres loaded with biogas residues of ammonia nitrogen wine tanks are obtained;
bacillus licheniformis: bacillus mucilaginosus: trichoderma harzianum is 2 according to the mass ratio: 2:1, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain soil restoration bacteria;
according to the parts by weight, 40 parts of microcrystalline water-absorbing fiber balls, 10 parts of polyaspartic acid hydrogel, 4 parts of ammonia nitrogen-loaded distilled grain biogas residue activated carbon microspheres, 3 parts of laminarin and 5 parts of soil restoration bacteria are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is dried at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ to obtain the soil improvement composition.
2. The product of the method for preparing a soil improvement composition according to claim 1.
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