CN114669710B - Forming method for forging ultra-long forge piece by precision forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a forming method of a precision forging machine for forging an ultra-long forging, which can solve the problem that the ultra-long forging beyond the equipment stroke cannot be normally forged due to the limitation of the single-side stroke of the precision forging machine.

Description

Forming method for forging ultra-long forge piece by precision forging machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a forming method for an ultra-long forging piece which can solve the problem that the blanking stroke of a precision forging machine is limited and cannot be normally forged to exceed the equipment stroke.

Background

The precision forging machine is generally provided with two operators at two sides of a hammer forging box, namely an A-side operator and a B-side operator, wherein the A-side operator is generally a feeding side and is called an A-side and corresponds to a movement stroke; the B manipulator is a blanking side, called a B side, and also has a motion stroke, the B side stroke is generally larger than the A side stroke, a hammer head is fixed in a forging box during finish forging, the A, B manipulator holds a forging piece and repeatedly pulls and beats to form, the total length of the forging piece is not more than the pulling and beating stroke of the B manipulator, the traditional forging mode is that the A, B manipulator repeatedly pulls and beats back and forth during forging, each pass completely forges the whole forging piece, the next pass is forged, the forging is finally performed to a finished product, the B manipulator pulls the whole forging piece out of the forging box, and then the blanking is performed from the B side; however, for an ultralong forge piece with the forging stroke exceeding that of the B-side manipulator, the whole blank cannot be forged completely in each pass, and the blank cannot be normally forged and formed in the next forging pass, so that the problem of difficulty in forging an ultralong piece exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that the traditional forging method in the prior art cannot forge an ultralong forging beyond the B side pulling and forging stroke, and provides a forming method for forging the ultralong forging by a precision forging machine.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a forming method of a precisely forging machine forging an ultra-long forging piece comprises the following steps:

step 1), heating the blank to a forging temperature, and discharging and forging the blank after the integral temperature difference of the forging is not more than 60 ℃; the A-side manipulator of the precision forging machine is a feeding side; the side B manipulator is a blanking side; the stroke of the manipulator on the side B is larger than that of the manipulator on the side A;

step 2), controlling the total length of the intermediate blank; when forging to the diameter of the intermediate billet in the last-to-last pass, controlling the total length of the forging piece to be smaller than the maximum stroke of an A manipulator, and stopping the whole blank on the A side;

step 3), forging a B-side finished product, and controlling the total length of the forging on the B side; the A manipulator is used for conveying blanks to the side B for 1-2 m, A pulling is adopted, the blanks are directly subjected to hammering and forging to the diameter of a finished product, clamping materials required by the B manipulator are forged, and in order to avoid bending phenomena caused by pushing of the red thermal state ultra-long forging pieces, the A pushing forging clamping material part is not adopted; then the A manipulator sends the forged clamping material required by the B manipulator to the B manipulator for handover, the B manipulator starts to drop down to the diameter of a finished product for drawing and forming after handover, the forged piece cannot be drawn and formed, otherwise, when the maximum stroke of the B side is reached, the middle blank part which is not forged cannot be forged again, and the forging can only be drawn and formed until the total length of the forged piece is reached, namely, the sum of the length of the finished product and the length of the non-forged finished product is smaller than the maximum stroke of the B manipulator, and then the hammer is lifted to stop the whole forged piece on one side of the B manipulator;

step 4), forging the finished product on the side A, and controlling the total length of the forged piece on the side A; the blank is conveyed to an A manipulator for 1-2 m by the B manipulator, the B manipulator is adopted for pulling and beating, the blank is directly hammered down and forged to the diameter of a finished product, clamping materials required by the A manipulator are forged, then the forged clamping materials of the A manipulator are conveyed to the A manipulator for handover by the B manipulator, the hammered down to the diameter of the finished product is started to be pulled and beaten after the A manipulator handover, and the forged piece is not pulled and beaten, and only the sum of the length of the diameter of the finished product on the side A and the length of the diameter of the non-forged finished product is smaller than the maximum stroke of the A manipulator; at the moment, the hammer head is opened, the A manipulator clamps the material to retreat, and the part of the material with the diameter of the forged product on the A side and the diameter of the forged product on the non-forged product on the A side is completely remained;

step 5), finally forging the middle part to finish forging of a finished product; in the state shown in the step 4, the hammer head is positioned at the forged product diameter part on the side B, and finally, the part of the material with the diameter of the forged product is forged to the diameter of the product by adopting the side B for pulling and forging, and the forging is finished;

step 6), blanking: A. the B manipulator keeps rotating continuously, the supporting rollers on two sides of A, B horizontally support the forging, the material supporting bracket on the side A horizontally supports the forging, the centering pliers on the side B horizontally clamp the forging, the feeding pliers on the side A and the discharging pliers on the side B assist in horizontally dragging the forging so as to ensure the forging level, the bending of the forging is avoided, the air cooling after forging is carried out, the temperature is reduced to below 550 ℃, the blanking is carried out, the blank is held by the B manipulator and pulled to the rearmost end of the B manipulator, the main motor for forging is closed, the blanking is carried out by adopting C-shaped pliers with the length of 10 meters, the forging is kept horizontal by a crown block, the included angle is smaller than 90 degrees with the forging line on the center of a hammer head, and the forging is horizontally moved out of the forging box by tilting.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention solves the problem that the exceeding forging beyond the equipment stroke cannot be normally forged due to the limitation of the single-side stroke of the precision forging machine, provides the precision forging forming method of the ultra-long forging beyond the single-side manipulator stroke, and effectively solves the forging bottleneck of the ultra-long forging.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the step 2) of controlling the total length of the intermediate billet to be smaller than the A stroke.

FIG. 2 shows that the step 3) A manipulator of the invention is used for empty feeding the blank to the side B for 1-2 m by using A pull

Schematic drawing of clamping material of forging B.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the step 3) forging to a forging piece with a total length less than the maximum travel of the B manipulator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the step 3) lifting the hammer to hold the entire forging on the side of the B manipulator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows that the blank is empty to the side A for 1-2 m by the step 4) B manipulator of the invention, and B pulling is adopted

Schematic diagram of clamp material of forging a.

FIG. 6 shows the total length of the A-side forged and unworked parts of the step 4) A-pulling and beating control of the present invention

Schematic of less than a maximum travel.

FIG. 7 in step 5) of the present invention, the hammer is positioned at the diameter position of the forged product on the B side, and the forging is performed in the B-side

Schematic of the middle part.

Fig. 8 is a finished view of the B-side manipulator of step 5 of the present invention after the pulling is completed.

Fig. 9 is a blanking chart of the step six of the present invention.

The drawing is marked as follows: 1. a side manipulator; 2. a B-side manipulator; 3. a hammerhead of a precision forging machine; 4. forging pieces; 5. a side feeding pliers; 6. b side feeding pliers; 7. a support roller; 8. a material supporting bracket; 9. centering pliers; 10. c-shaped pliers.

Detailed Description

The implementation of the technical scheme of the invention mainly comprises the steps of controlling the deformation sequence of the finished product stage, forging two ends and forging the middle, controlling the total length of the blank in the single-side pulling and forging process of the precision forging machine, and finally realizing the precision forging forming method of the overlength forge piece by combining the technical measures of controlling the bending of the forge piece in the forging process. The method comprises the following specific steps:

step 1), heating the blank to a forging temperature, and discharging and forging the forging piece 4 after the integral temperature difference is not more than 60 ℃; the A-side manipulator 1 of the precision forging machine is a feeding side; the side B manipulator 2 is a blanking side; the stroke of the manipulator on the side B is larger than that of the manipulator on the side A;

step 2), as shown in fig. 1; controlling the total length of the intermediate blank; when forging to the diameter of the intermediate billet in the last-to-last pass, controlling the total length of the forging piece to be smaller than the maximum stroke of an A manipulator, and stopping the whole blank on the A side;

step 3), forging a B-side finished product, and controlling the total length of the forging 4 on the B side; the A manipulator sends blanks to the side B for 1-2 m, and the blanks are directly hammered to be forged to the diameter of a finished product by adopting A pulling, as shown in fig. 2; forging a clamping material required by the manipulator B, wherein in order to avoid bending phenomenon caused by pushing of the red thermal state ultra-long forging piece, a pushing forging clamping material part cannot be adopted; then the A manipulator sends the forged clamping material of the B manipulator to the B manipulator for handover, the B manipulator starts to drop down to the diameter of the finished product for drawing and forming after handover, the forging piece cannot be drawn and formed, otherwise, when the maximum stroke of the B side is reached, the middle blank part which is not forged can not be forged any more, and the forging piece can only be drawn and formed until the total length of the forging piece (namely the sum of the length of the diameter of the finished product and the length of the diameter of the non-forged finished product) is smaller than the maximum stroke of the B manipulator, as shown in figure 3; lifting the hammerhead 3 of the precision forging machine to stop the whole forging piece at one side of the manipulator B, as shown in FIG. 4;

step 4), forging the finished product on the side A, and controlling the total length of the forged piece on the side A; the B manipulator sends blanks to the A manipulator for 1-2 m, the B manipulator is adopted for pulling and beating, the blanks are directly hammered down to be forged to the diameter of a finished product, and clamping materials required by the A manipulator are forged, as shown in fig. 5; then the B manipulator sends the forged clamping material A to the A manipulator for handover, and the A manipulator starts to drop down to the diameter of the finished product for drawing and forming after handover, as shown in figure 6; the forge piece is not completely pulled and is pulled until the sum of the length of the diameter of the finished product on the side A and the length of the diameter of the finished product which is not forged (the total length of the part of the material) is smaller than the maximum stroke of the manipulator A, as shown in figure 6; at the moment, the hammerhead 3 of the precision forging machine is opened, the A manipulator clamps the material and retreats, and the part of the material with the diameter of the forged product on the A side and the diameter of the forged product on the non-forged product on the A side is completely stopped on the A side, as shown in figure 7;

step 5), finally forging the middle part to finish forging of a finished product; in the state shown in the step 4, the hammerhead 3 of the precision forging machine is positioned at the diameter part of the forged finished product on the side B, and finally the part of the forged finished product with the diameter of the forged finished product is forged to the diameter of the finished product by adopting the side B for pulling, and the forging is finished as shown in fig. 8;

step 6), blanking: A. the B manipulator keeps rotating continuously, the supporting rollers 7 on two sides of A, B support the forge piece horizontally (7 in fig. 8), the A-side material supporting bracket 8 supports the forge piece horizontally (8 in fig. 8), the centering pliers 9 on the B side clamp the forge piece horizontally (9 in fig. 8), the A-side material feeding pliers 5 (5 in fig. 8) and the B-side material discharging pliers 6 (6 in fig. 8) assist in horizontally dragging the forge piece to ensure the forge piece to be horizontal, bending of the forge piece is avoided, air cooling after forging is carried out until the temperature is reduced to below 550 ℃, then discharging is carried out, the B manipulator holds the blank to be pulled to the rearmost end of the B manipulator, the main forging motor is closed, the C-shaped pliers 10 with the length of 10m are adopted for discharging and lifting during discharging, the forge piece is kept horizontal by an overhead crane, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees with a forging line in the center of a hammer head, and the forge piece is horizontally moved out of the forge box in an inclined manner, as shown in fig. 9.

Forging example: taking a SXP65 precision forging machine as an example, the feeding side of the precision forging machine is an A manipulator, the maximum pulling forging stroke of the precision forging machine is 11500mm, the discharging side of the precision forging machine is a B manipulator, and the pulling forging stroke of the precision forging machine is 16000mm at the maximum; existing furnace ingot number: certain steel grade M2001477-2-01-2, blank specification of phi 600 x 2840 and weight of 6300kg; a round steel forging with the excircle of phi 210mm and the length of 22500mm is required to be forged. The specific forming method comprises the following steps:

step 1), heating the blank; heating the blank at the furnace temperature of 1230+/-10 ℃, preserving heat and discharging the blank from the furnace for forging;

step 2), controlling the total length of the intermediate blank; A. the manipulator B repeatedly pulls and beats to phi 330mm back and forth, and the total length of the forging stock in the hot state is 9800mm at the moment; less than the a-side manipulator travel 11500mm requirement and stop the blank on the a-side (fig. 1);

step 3), forging a finished product with the diameter of 210mm on the B side, and controlling the total length of the forging on the B side; lifting a hammer to phi 330mm, conveying blanks to a B manipulator for 1 meter by an A manipulator, directly hammering and forging to a finished product diameter phi 210 (figure 2), and adopting the A-pulling and forging forming B manipulator to deliver required clamping materials phi 210 mm-2500 mm, (the blanks cannot be pushed and forged to deliver materials, so that the blanks are long in length, high in temperature, easy to push and bend when the blanks are pushed and bent); then empty to B handover, after B handling machine handover, down hammer phi 210mm, pull phi 210mm to 10000mm, (figure 3) blank total length 15600mm, less than B side handling machine maximum travel 16000mm, then lift hammer phi 330mm, B handling machine back, will blank to stay in B side (figure 4);

step 4), re-forging the finished product with the diameter of phi 210mm on the side A, and controlling the total length of the forged piece on the side A; the B manipulator sends blanks to the A manipulator for 1 meter, and the blanks are directly hammered from phi 330mm to phi 210mm, and B is subjected to pulling forging forming (figure 5), so that the pushing forging is prevented from being seriously bent; then empty the forged long part of the finished product with the diameter of phi 210mm to be delivered to A for delivery, and after the A delivery, the hammer with the diameter of phi 210mm is put down to the diameter of phi 210mm, and a A manipulator is adopted to pull and punch the finished product with the length of phi 210mm and the length of the non-forged intermediate blank with the diameter of phi 330mm, wherein the total length of 9300mm (shown in figure 6) is smaller than the total stroke of 11500mm of the A manipulator;

step 5), finally forging the middle phi 330mm part to finish forging the finished product phi 210 mm; after the step 4) is completed, lifting the hammer phi 330mm, and backing the A manipulator to a position more than or equal to 9300mm (figure 7); namely: at this time, the hammerhead of the precision forging machine is positioned at the B-side forged part with the diameter of phi 210mm, and finally, the part of the blank with the diameter of phi 330mm is forged to the diameter of the finished product by B-pulling (fig. 8)

Step 6), blanking: before blanking, A, B manipulator keeps rotating continuously, A, B both sides backing roll 7 supports the forging horizontally (7 in fig. 8), A side holds the material support 8 and supports the forging horizontally (8 in fig. 8), B side centering pincers 9 hold the forging horizontally (9 in fig. 8), A side feeding pincers 5 (5 in fig. 8) and B side blanking pincers 6 (6 in fig. 8) assist level to hold the forging horizontally, avoid forging bending, air cooling after forging and waiting for the temperature to drop below 550 ℃, blanking again, B manipulator adds and holds the blank and pulls to B manipulator rearmost end, the tup opens to the maximum Φ800mm external diameter, and closes and forges the main motor, adopt 12 m long C type pincers blanking hoist during blanking, the crown block keeps the forging horizontally, be less than 90 degrees contained angles with the forging line of tup center, slope moves the forging horizontally out of forging case, accomplish the blanking (like fig. 9).

The ultra-long forge piece forged by the method has qualified internal quality and qualified surface quality after being forged by ultrasonic flaw detection, and can meet the requirements of normal forging delivery quality.

Claims (1)

1. A forming method for forging an ultra-long forge piece by a precision forging machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the specific forming method comprises the following steps:

step 1), heating the blank to a forging temperature, and discharging and forging the blank after the integral temperature difference of the forging is not more than 60 ℃; the A-side manipulator of the precision forging machine is a feeding side; the side B manipulator is a blanking side; the stroke of the manipulator on the side B is larger than that of the manipulator on the side A;

step 2), controlling the total length of the intermediate blank; when forging to the diameter of the intermediate billet in the last-to-last pass, controlling the total length of the forging piece to be smaller than the maximum stroke of an A manipulator, and stopping the whole blank on the A side;

step 3), forging a B-side finished product, and controlling the total length of the forging on the B side; the A manipulator is used for conveying blanks to the side B for 1-2 m, A pulling is adopted, the blanks are directly subjected to hammering and forging to the diameter of a finished product, clamping materials required by the B manipulator are forged, and in order to avoid bending phenomena caused by pushing of the red thermal state ultra-long forging pieces, the A pushing forging clamping material part is not adopted; then the A manipulator sends the forged clamping material required by the B manipulator to the B manipulator for handover, the B manipulator starts to drop down to the diameter of a finished product for drawing and forming after handover, the forged piece cannot be drawn and formed, otherwise, when the maximum stroke of the B side is reached, the middle blank part which is not forged cannot be forged again, and the forging can only be drawn and formed until the total length of the forged piece is reached, namely, the sum of the length of the finished product and the length of the non-forged finished product is smaller than the maximum stroke of the B manipulator, and then the hammer is lifted to stop the whole forged piece on one side of the B manipulator;

step 4), forging the finished product on the side A, and controlling the total length of the forged piece on the side A; the blank is conveyed to an A manipulator for 1-2 m by the B manipulator, the B manipulator is adopted for pulling and beating, the blank is directly hammered down and forged to the diameter of a finished product, clamping materials required by the A manipulator are forged, then the forged clamping materials of the A manipulator are conveyed to the A manipulator for handover by the B manipulator, the hammered down to the diameter of the finished product is started to be pulled and beaten after the A manipulator handover, and the forged piece is not pulled and beaten, and only the sum of the length of the diameter of the finished product on the side A and the length of the diameter of the non-forged finished product is smaller than the maximum stroke of the A manipulator; at the moment, the hammerhead of the precision forging machine is opened, the A manipulator clamps the material and retreats, and the part of the material with the diameter of the forged finished product on the A side and the diameter of the unforged finished product on the A side is completely stopped;

step 5), finally forging the middle part to finish forging of a finished product; in the state shown in the step 4, the hammerhead of the precision forging machine is positioned at the diameter part of the forged finished product on the side B, and finally, the part of the forged finished product with the diameter of the forged finished product is forged to the diameter of the finished product by adopting the side B;

step 6), blanking: A. the B manipulator keeps rotating continuously, the supporting rollers on two sides of A, B horizontally support the forging, the material supporting bracket on the side A horizontally supports the forging, the centering pliers on the side B horizontally clamp the forging, the feeding pliers on the side A and the discharging pliers on the side B assist in horizontally dragging the forging so as to ensure the forging level, the bending of the forging is avoided, the air cooling after forging is carried out, the temperature is reduced to below 550 ℃, the blanking is carried out, the blank is held by the B manipulator and pulled to the rearmost end of the B manipulator, the main motor for forging is closed, the blanking is carried out by adopting C-shaped pliers with the length of 10 meters, the forging is kept horizontal by a crown block, the included angle is smaller than 90 degrees with the forging line on the center of a hammer head, and the forging is horizontally moved out of the forging box by tilting.