CN114655262B - Carriage assembly and railway automatic dumping car comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carriage assembly and a railway self-dumping car comprising the same, wherein the carriage assembly is arranged above an underframe assembly and comprises a carriage underframe, the carriage underframe is provided with a jacking side and a discharging side, the jacking side of the carriage underframe is in butt joint with the underframe assembly, the discharging side of the carriage underframe is hinged with the underframe assembly, and the underframe assembly can ascend, overturn or descend and reset relative to the discharging side of the carriage underframe under the driving action of external force; the side wall is arranged on the jacking side of the carriage underframe, the side door is arranged on the discharging side of the carriage underframe, and end walls are respectively arranged at two ends of the carriage underframe; the end wall is provided with a side door opening and closing mechanism for controlling the side wall to be opened or closed; and inclined bracing beams are arranged at the bottoms of the inner sides of the side walls and/or the end walls. The invention enhances the strength and the rigidity of the end wall, and solves the problems that the strength and the rigidity of the carriage end wall of the existing railway automatic dumping car are weaker, and the goods at the root of the end wall are not easy to fall off sometimes.

Description

Carriage assembly and railway automatic dumping car comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway automatic dumping cars, in particular to a carriage composition and a railway automatic dumping car comprising the carriage composition.

Background

The railway automatic dumping car is a special vehicle combining unloading equipment and a vehicle structure, and is suitable for transporting bulk cargoes such as ores, gravel, coal blocks, building materials and the like. Railway self-dumping cars have a tiltable dump car. The existing railway automatic dumping car mainly has the following defects:

(1) The strength and rigidity of the end wall of the carriage are weak, and the goods at the root of the end wall are not easy to fall off sometimes;

(2) Because the floor and the side door plates in the carriage are welded with the beam, high-carbon steel wear-resistant steel with poor welding performance although wear-resistant cannot be adopted, the service lives of the floor and the side door plates are shorter, but the replacement is inconvenient;

(3) The hinged shaft between the carriage underframe and the underframe at the unloading side is only 2 points, and the spacing between the hinged points is too large, so that the lower side of the carriage bypasses too much, and the side door is opened due to too large deviation of the center distance of the hinge pin, so that the problems of unsmooth unloading and the like are caused;

(4) The strength and the rigidity of the carriage end wall and the side wall are weaker, and the carriage end wall and the side wall are weak links of the railway automatic dumping car all the time and are bottlenecks for influencing the increase of the volume and the good load of the railway automatic dumping car;

(5) For a long time, the root goods of the carriage end wall and the side wall are found to be frequently difficult to fall off in the tipping unloading of the railway automatic dumping car, and particularly the goods with larger tipping unloading viscosity are obvious;

(6) The carriage is loaded greatly, the material of the carriage bearing structure adopts a steel welding structure most suitable, and the side door plate is welded with the cross beam, the upright post and other beams of the side door, so that high-carbon wear-resistant steel with poor welding performance although wear resistance is not suitable, the service lives of the floor and the side door plate are shorter, but the replacement is inconvenient;

(7) Because the vehicle is in the transportation different goods, in order to adapt to the carriage and roll over the unloading goods, the wearing plate of different materials is needed to the unloading slip plane of side door, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, rubber, nylon, low friction damping's macromolecular material etc. some be unfavorable with steel welding, perhaps the welding degree of difficulty is too big, nevertheless need change the wearing plate of convenience and its installation fastening structure etc. equally.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a carriage assembly and a railway automatic dumping car comprising the carriage assembly.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the carriage assembly designed by the invention is arranged above the chassis assembly and comprises a carriage chassis, wherein the carriage chassis is provided with a jacking side and a discharging side, the jacking side of the carriage chassis is in butt joint with the chassis assembly, the discharging side of the carriage chassis is hinged with the chassis assembly, and the chassis assembly can ascend, overturn or descend and reset relative to the discharging side of the carriage chassis under the driving action of external force;

the side wall is arranged on the jacking side of the carriage underframe, the side door is arranged on the discharging side of the carriage underframe, and end walls are respectively arranged at two ends of the carriage underframe; the end wall is provided with a side door opening and closing mechanism for controlling the side wall to be opened or closed; and inclined bracing beams are arranged at the bottoms of the inner sides of the side walls and/or the end walls.

Further, the carriage underframe comprises two side beams which are arranged in parallel, two ends of each side beam are provided with end beams, and a plurality of longitudinal beams and cross beams are arranged in a frame formed by surrounding the side beams and the end beams; the bottom of the carriage underframe is provided with a subfloor, the subfloor is welded with the longitudinal beams and the cross beams, and the subfloor is covered with a wearing plate;

a plurality of weight parts are arranged on the side beams positioned on the jacking side of the carriage underframe; the side beam positioned on the unloading side of the carriage underframe is provided with a plurality of side door supports for installing side doors, and the side door supports are provided with side door pin shafts.

Further, a tipping cylinder support for installing a tipping cylinder and an upper supporting table for being in butt joint with the underframe are arranged on the carriage underframe and close to the jacking side, and a tipping cylinder pin roll is arranged on the tipping cylinder support; the carriage underframe is provided with a plurality of rotating shafts close to the unloading side, and the carriage underframe is hinged with the underframe through the rotating shafts.

Further, the side wall comprises a side wall plate, a side wall upper side beam is arranged above the side wall plate, a side wall lower side beam is arranged below the side wall plate, a side wall middle side beam is arranged in the middle of the side wall plate, and a plurality of side wall side posts which are vertically arranged in the middle of the side wall middle side beam are arranged in the middle of the side wall middle side beam; and the side wall plate is also provided with a plurality of side wall upper hanging plates and side wall lower hanging plates.

Further, the side door comprises a side door plate, a side door upper side beam is arranged above the side door plate, a side door lower side beam is arranged above the side door plate, a side door middle side beam is arranged in the middle of the side door plate, a plurality of side door upright posts which are vertically arranged with the side door middle side beam are arranged in the middle of the side door middle side beam, and a plurality of side door hanging plates are further arranged on the side door plate; the side door plate is covered with a side door abrasion plate;

the end face of the side door is provided with an ear plate, the inner side of the side door is provided with a baffle, the lower part of the side door is provided with a hinge, and the hinge is hinged with the end wall through a side door pin shaft.

Further, the end wall comprises an outer end wallboard and an inner end wallboard, the outer end wallboard and the inner end wallboard form a hollow dome-shaped ceiling structure, an upper end beam, a middle end beam and a lower end beam are sequentially arranged in a space between the outer end wallboard and the inner end wallboard from top to bottom, side end posts are arranged at two ends of the upper end beam, the middle end beam and the lower end beam, and middle end posts are arranged in the middle of the upper end beam, the middle end beam and the lower end beam; an upright plate is arranged between the middle end column and the side end columns at two sides, and a bent upright plate is arranged on the middle end column; and a crank middle shaft pin mounting seat for mounting a side door opening and closing mechanism is also arranged between the outer end wallboard and the inner end wallboard.

Further, a blanking inclined plane extending obliquely upwards towards the outer end wallboard is arranged at the top end of the inner end wallboard, and a plurality of upper corner rib plates are arranged between the bottom of the blanking inclined plane and the outer end wallboard; the outer end wallboard is provided with a flashing;

the outer end wallboard is further provided with a plurality of holes for debugging and maintenance, the hole upper cover is provided with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate is located above the flashing, the lower cover plate is located below the flashing, and a cover plate seat is arranged above the lower cover plate.

Still further, the side door opening and closing mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a crank, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is provided with a side door opening and closing upper shaft pin, and the other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a first long guide groove;

one end of the second connecting rod is provided with a hinged end, and the other end of the second connecting rod is provided with a second long guide groove;

one end of the crank is arranged in the first long guide groove through a pin shaft and is movably connected with the first long guide groove, and the other end of the crank is hinged with the hinged end through a pin shaft; the middle part of the crank is provided with a side door opening and closing middle shaft pin, and the middle part of the crank is arranged in a crank middle shaft pin mounting seat through a side door opening and closing middle shaft pin;

the first connecting rod is connected with an ear plate of the side door through a side door opening and closing upper shaft pin, and the second long guide groove is movably connected with the side door opening and closing lower shaft pin arranged on the outer side of an end beam formed by the underframe.

Furthermore, the diagonal bracing beam comprises a long sloping plate and a rib plate, wherein the rib plate is arranged on the inner inclined surface of the long sloping plate and fixedly connected with the inclined surface.

The invention also provides a railway automatic dumping car which comprises a chassis assembly, a side turning cylinder and the carriage assembly, wherein one side of the chassis assembly is abutted with the carriage assembly, and the other side of the chassis assembly is hinged with the chassis assembly through a rotating shaft; the side turning cylinder is arranged on one side of the underframe component, which is abutted against the carriage component, and is used for driving the carriage component to ascend, turn over or descend for resetting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the end wall of the carriage of the railway automatic dumping car is changed into a box-shaped structure from a single-layer structure, the inclined bracing beams and the like are additionally arranged at the root of the end wall, so that the strength and the rigidity of the end wall are enhanced, and the problems that the end wall of the carriage of the existing railway automatic dumping car is weak in strength and rigidity, and cargoes at the root of the end wall are not easy to fall off sometimes are solved.

Secondly, the cargoes at the root parts of the end wall and the side wall in the carriage are not easy to fall off, especially the cargoes with larger tipping unloading viscosity are particularly obvious, and after the inclined bracing beam structure is adopted, the included angle between the root parts of the end wall and the side wall in the carriage is changed into an obtuse angle opening larger than 120 degrees, so that the cargoes are easy to fall off during tipping unloading, and the cargoes are not easy to be piled up.

Thirdly, the wear plate of a layer of replaceable wear-resistant steel plate is covered on the subfloor of the carriage underframe, and only the wear plate is needed to be replaced after the side door plate is worn to the limit, so that the problems that the carriage underframe is damaged due to the fact that the floor plate of the existing self-dumping car is required to be cut after the floor plate is worn to the limit are avoided.

Fourthly, the abrasion plate made of abrasion-resistant steel plates or other materials (such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, rubber, nylon, low-friction damping high polymer materials and the like) is riveted in the carriage, and new parts can be removed and replaced after the abrasion plate is worn to the limit, so that the welding can be avoided, and the replacement is convenient.

Fifthly, the countersunk head blind rivet is adopted to fix the wearing plate, so that the sliding surface of the goods of the wearing plate can be kept smooth, the resistance to the sliding unloading of the goods caused by the uneven sliding surface is prevented, meanwhile, the countersunk head blind rivet is convenient to fasten, detach and replace, and the countersunk head blind rivet can be replaced by a high-strength countersunk head screw and a high-strength nut.

The end wall of the invention is a hollow dome-shaped ceiling structure formed by an outer end wall plate and an inner end wall plate, and is connected into a whole through an upper end beam, an upper corner rib plate, an upright plate, a bent upright plate and the like, and a blanking inclined plane is additionally arranged at the top of the inner end wall plate, so that blanking is facilitated. Compared with the single-plate structure of the existing automatic dumping car, the strength and the rigidity of the end wall are obviously improved, and good fixing, supporting and protecting functions are provided for the side door opening and closing device.

Seventh, the railway automatic dumping car is divided into a discharging side and a jacking side, wherein a carriage at the discharging side is provided with a side door capable of being opened and closed, and the side door is hinged with a carriage underframe through a side door shaft pin. The side wall is fixed on the carriage at the jacking side, and the tipping cylinder for tipping the jacking carriage is arranged at the bottom of the carriage. In the process of tipping unloading operation, the carriage rotates around the rotating shaft, the gravity centers of the carriage and cargoes in the carriage gradually deviate to the unloading side, and when the gravity center deviation distance is overlarge, the self-tipping car tipping accident is easy to cause. In order to avoid the occurrence of overturning accidents, a counterweight is added in advance on the jacking side of the carriage, the gravity center of the carriage is deflected to the jacking side in advance, the deflection of the gravity centers of the carriage and cargoes in the carriage to the unloading side in the process of tipping unloading operation can be reduced, and the tipping safety is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a car assembly in a closed position;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a carriage chassis;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the carriage chassis of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at I in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a side wall structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a side door;

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a side door;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure at II in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of an end wall;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the interior of the headwall;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a side door opening and closing mechanism;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of a diagonal bracing beam;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure with the cabin not tipped over;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure when the vehicle is tipped over;

in the figure: carriage underframe 1 (jacking side 1.1, unloading side 1.2, side sill 1.3, end sill 1.4, longitudinal girder 1.5, cross beam 1.6, subfloor 1.7, wearing plate 1.8, counterweight 1.9, side door support 1.10, side door pin 1.11, tipping cylinder support 1.12, upper support table 1.13, tipping cylinder pin 1.14, rotating shaft 1.15), side wall 2 (side wall plate 2.1, side wall upper side sill 2.2, side wall lower side sill 2.3, side wall middle side sill 2.4, side wall side post 2.5, side wall upper hanging plate 2.6, side wall lower hanging plate 2.7), side door 3 (side door panel 3.1, side door lower side sill 3.2, side door middle side sill 3.3, side door side post 3.4, side hinge plate 3.5, side door wearing plate 3.6, side wall panel 3.7, baffle 3.8, side wall 3.9, side door pin 3.10), side wall 2 (side wall upper side sill 2.4, side wall upper side sill 2.5, side wall lower side sill 3.2.2.2, side door upper and side door upper frame 8) end wall 4 (outer end wall 4.1, inner end wall 4.2, upper end beam 4.3, middle end beam 4.4, lower end beam 4.5, side end post 4.6, middle end post 4.7, vertical plate 4.8, bent vertical plate 4.9, crank middle shaft pin mounting seat 4.10, blanking inclined plane 4.11, upper corner rib plate 4.12, flashing 4.13, upper cover plate 4.14, lower cover plate 4.15, cover plate seat 4.16), side door opening and closing mechanism 5 (first connecting rod 5.1, side door opening and closing upper shaft pin 5.11, first long guide groove 5.12, second connecting rod 5.2, hinged end 5.21, second long guide groove 5.22, side door opening and closing lower shaft pin 5.23, crank 5.3, side door opening and closing middle shaft pin 5.31), diagonal bracing beam 6 (long rib plate 6.1, rib plate 6.2), underframe component 7, and side turning cylinder 8).

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention. While at the same time becoming clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration of the advantages of the present invention.

The carriage assembly shown in fig. 1 is arranged above the chassis assembly 7, and comprises a carriage chassis 1, wherein the carriage chassis 1 is provided with a jacking side 1.1 and a discharging side 1.2, the jacking side 1.1 of the carriage chassis 1 is in butt joint with the chassis assembly 7, the discharging side 1.2 of the carriage chassis 1 is hinged with the chassis assembly 7, and the chassis assembly 7 can ascend, overturn or descend and reset relative to the discharging side 1.2 of the carriage chassis 1 under the driving action of external force; the lifting side 1.1 of the carriage underframe 1 is provided with a side wall 2, the discharging side 1.2 of the carriage underframe 1 is provided with a side door 3, and the two ends of the carriage underframe 1 are respectively provided with end walls 4; the end wall 4 is provided with a side door opening and closing mechanism 5 for controlling the side wall 2 to be opened or closed; the inner bottom of the side wall 2 and/or the end wall 4 is provided with an inclined strut beam 6. In this embodiment, the carriage assembly is composed of a carriage chassis, end walls, side door opening and closing devices, wherein the carriage chassis, the end walls and the side walls are assembled and welded into a whole, the side doors are installed on the unloading side, each end of the carriage is provided with a group of side door opening and closing devices, and the side door opening and closing devices are respectively installed in the end walls at two ends of the carriage.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the carriage underframe 1 comprises two side beams 1.3 which are arranged in parallel, two ends of each side beam 1.3 are provided with end beams 1.4, and a plurality of longitudinal beams 1.5 and cross beams 1.6 are arranged in a frame formed by enclosing the side beams 1.3 and the end beams 1.4; the bottom of the carriage underframe 1 is provided with a subfloor 1.7, the subfloor 1.7 is welded with the longitudinal beam 1.5 and the cross beam 1.6, and the subfloor 1.7 is covered with a wearing plate 1.8; a plurality of weight pieces 1.9 are arranged on the side beams 1.3 positioned on the jacking side 1.1 on the carriage underframe 1; the side beam 1.3 positioned on the unloading side 1.2 of the carriage underframe 1 is provided with a plurality of side door supports 1.10 for installing side doors, and the side door supports 1.10 are provided with side door pin shafts 1.11.

In the technical scheme, a tipping cylinder support 1.12 for installing a tipping cylinder and an upper supporting table 1.13 for being in butt joint with the underframe are arranged on the carriage underframe 1 close to the jacking side 1.1, and a tipping cylinder pin shaft 1.14 is arranged on the tipping cylinder support 1.12; a plurality of rotating shafts 1.15 are arranged on the carriage underframe 1 near the unloading side 1.2, and the carriage underframe 1 is hinged with the underframe component 7 through the rotating shafts 1.15. In this embodiment, the counterweight irons are fixed on the outer side of the side beam on the non-unloading side, and the cross beam is connected as a whole by the connecting irons in the longitudinal direction. The double-layer floor is adopted, and the subfloor is welded with the longitudinal beams and the cross beams to form a main bearing structure. And fixing a wearing plate covered with a layer of wear-resistant steel plate above the subfloor by adopting countersunk head blind rivets. A plurality of groups of side door shaft pins and 2 to 8 groups of rotating shafts and supporting seats are arranged on the unloading side. On the non-discharge side, 1 to 4 groups of tipping cylinder pins and supports are provided. The wear plate of a layer of removable wear-resisting steel sheet is covered on the subfloor, the side door board abrades to the limit the back only need change the wear plate can, avoid appearing the floor that current self-dumping car abrades to the limit the back need cut the floor, cause the problem such as damage carriage chassis.

As shown in fig. 5, the side wall 2 comprises a side wall plate 2.1, a side wall upper side beam 2.2 is arranged above the side wall plate 2.1, a side wall lower side beam 2.3 is arranged below the side wall plate 2.1, a side wall middle side beam 2.4 is arranged in the middle of the side wall plate 2.1, and a plurality of side wall side posts 2.5 which are vertically arranged in the middle of the side wall middle side beam 2.4 are arranged; the side wall plate 2.1 is also provided with a plurality of side wall upper hanging plates 2.6 and side wall lower hanging plates 2.7. The bottom of the side wall 2 is fixedly connected with the carriage underframe, and the two ends of the side wall are fixedly connected with the end walls. The upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate have the functions of lifting the side wall in the manufacturing or maintaining process, and are convenient to assemble and maintain.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the side door 3 comprises a side door plate 3.1, a side door upper side beam is arranged above the side door plate 3.1, a side door lower side beam 3.2 is arranged above the side door plate 3.1, a side door middle side beam 3.3 is arranged in the middle of the side door plate 3.1, a plurality of side door side stand columns 3.4 which are vertically arranged with the side door middle side beam 3.3 are arranged in the middle of the side door middle side beam 3.3, and a plurality of side door hanging plates 3.5 are further arranged on the side door plate 3.1; the side door lifting plate has the function of lifting the side door in the manufacturing or maintenance process, and is convenient to assemble and maintain. The side door plate 3.1 is covered with a side door wearing plate 3.6; the terminal surface of side door 3 is provided with otic placode 3.7, and the inboard of side door 3 is provided with baffle 3.8, and the below of side door 3 is provided with fold paper 3.9, and fold paper 3.9 articulates with end wall 4 through side door round pin axle 3.10. In this embodiment, a double-layer side door panel is adopted, and the side door panel is fixedly connected with a side door upper side beam, a side door middle side beam, a side door lower side beam, a side door side column, a side door hanger plate and the like to form a main bearing structure. The surface layer adopts countersunk head blind rivets to fix and cover a layer of abrasion plate of the abrasion-resistant steel plate. The side door plate covers the wearing plate of a layer of replaceable wear-resistant steel plate, and only the wearing plate needs to be replaced after the side door plate is worn to the limit, so that the problem that the side door plate of the existing automatic dumping car is scrapped and replaced integrally after the side door plate is worn to the limit is avoided.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the end wall 4 comprises an outer end wallboard 4.1 and an inner end wallboard 4.2, the outer end wallboard 4.1 and the inner end wallboard 4.2 form a hollow dome-shaped shed structure, an upper end beam 4.3, a middle end beam 4.4 and a lower end beam 4.5 are sequentially arranged in a space between the outer end wallboard 4.1 and the inner end wallboard 4.2 from top to bottom, side end posts 4.6 are arranged at two ends of the upper end beam 4.3, the middle end beam 4.4 and the lower end beam 4.5, and middle end posts 4.7 are arranged in the middle of the upper end beam 4.3, the middle end beam 4.4 and the lower end beam 4.5; an upright plate 4.8 is arranged between the middle end column 4.7 and the side end columns 4.6 at two sides, and a bent upright plate 4.9 is arranged on the middle end column 4.7; a crank center shaft pin mounting seat 4.10 for mounting a side door opening and closing mechanism 5 is also arranged between the outer end wallboard 4.1 and the inner end wallboard 4.2. In this embodiment, the underframe, the end walls and the side walls of the carriage are assembled and welded into a whole, a side door is installed at the unloading side, each end of the carriage is provided with a group of side door opening and closing devices, and the side door opening and closing mechanisms are respectively installed in the end walls at the two ends of the carriage.

In the technical scheme, the top end of the inner end wallboard 4.2 is provided with a blanking inclined plane 4.11 extending obliquely upwards towards the outer end wallboard 4.1, and a plurality of upper corner rib plates 4.12 are arranged between the bottom of the blanking inclined plane 4.11 and the outer end wallboard 4.1; the outer end wallboard 4.1 is provided with a flashing 4.13; the outer end wallboard 4.1 is further provided with a plurality of holes for debugging and maintenance, an upper cover plate 4.14 and a lower cover plate 4.15 are arranged on the holes, the upper cover plate 4.14 is positioned above the flashing 4.13, the lower cover plate 4.15 is positioned below the flashing 4.13, and a cover plate seat 4.16 is arranged above the lower cover plate 4.15. The bottom of the end wall 4 is welded at the end part of the carriage underframe, and the jacking side is assembled and welded with the side wall. The outer end wallboard and the inner end wallboard form a hollow dome-shaped ceiling structure, and are connected into a whole through an upper end beam, an upper corner rib plate, a vertical plate, a bent vertical plate and the like. In order to facilitate blanking, a blanking inclined plane is additionally arranged at the top of the inner end wallboard. By adopting the structure, compared with the single-plate structure of the existing automatic dumping car, the strength and the rigidity of the end wall are obviously improved, the side door opening and closing device is well fixed, supported and protected, and some problems existing in the existing automatic dumping car are solved. A crank center shaft pin mounting seat is arranged between the outer end wallboard and the inner end wallboard, the crank center shaft pin mounting seat comprises a crank center shaft pin outer mounting seat and a crank center shaft pin inner mounting seat, the crank center shaft pin outer mounting seat is fixed on the outer end wallboard, the crank center shaft pin inner mounting seat is fixed on the center end post, and a crank of the side door opening and closing device is arranged between the crank center shaft pin outer mounting seat and the crank center shaft pin inner mounting seat. The outer end wall plate is provided with holes for debugging and maintaining the side door opening and closing device, and the holes are respectively covered by an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate. According to the invention, the end wall of the carriage of the railway automatic dumping car is changed from a single-layer structure to a box structure, and the inclined bracing beams and the like are added at the root of the end wall, so that the strength and rigidity of the end wall are enhanced, and the problems that the strength and rigidity of the end wall of the carriage of the existing railway automatic dumping car are weaker, and cargoes at the root of the end wall are not easy to fall off sometimes are solved.

As shown in fig. 11, the side door opening and closing mechanism 5 includes a first link 5.1, a second link 5.2, and a crank 5.3, and the first link 5.1 and the second link 5.2 can be adjusted in length as needed. One end of the first connecting rod 5.1 is provided with a side door opening and closing upper shaft pin 5.11, and the other end of the first connecting rod 5.1 is provided with a first long guide groove 5.12; one end of the second connecting rod 5.2 is provided with a hinged end 5.21, and the other end of the second connecting rod 5.2 is provided with a second long guide groove 5.22; one end of the crank 5.3 is arranged in the first long guide groove 5.12 through a pin shaft and is movably connected with the first long guide groove, and the other end of the crank 5.3 is hinged with the hinged end 5.21 through a pin shaft; the middle part of the crank 5.3 is provided with a side door opening and closing center pin 5.31, and the middle part of the crank 5.3 is arranged in a crank center pin mounting seat 4.10 through the side door opening and closing center pin 5.31; the first connecting rod 5.1 is connected with the ear plate 3.7 of the side door 3 through a side door opening and closing upper shaft pin 5.11, and the second long guide groove 5.22 is movably connected with the side door opening and closing lower shaft pin 5.23 arranged on the outer side of an end beam formed by the underframe.

As shown in fig. 12, the diagonal brace 6 comprises a long inclined plate 6.1 and a rib plate 6.2, and the rib plate 6.2 is arranged on the inner inclined surface of the long inclined plate 6.1 and fixedly connected with the long inclined plate. After the inclined bracing beam structure is adopted, the included angles between the end wall and the side wall root in the carriage are all changed into obtuse angles which are larger than 120 degrees, so that the cargoes are easier to fall off when the car is dumped for unloading, and the cargoes are not easy to be accumulated. In this embodiment, the diagonal bracing beam is composed of a long sloping plate and a rib plate, and is respectively arranged at the root parts of the fixed end wall and the side wall. The long sloping plate of the diagonal bracing beam can be planar or arc-shaped, and can be in other shapes on the premise of realizing functions; the diagonal bracing beams can be fixed at the root parts of the end wall and the side wall through welding; the end wall and the side wall root are connected and fixed through the fastener, and can be removed when not needed and installed when needed. The structure of non-metal materials such as rubber, nylon and the like is adopted, so that the dead weight can be lightened, and vibration reduction and buffering operations are realized. The surface of the long sloping plate is coated with the wear-resistant polymer material, so that the surface friction coefficient can be reduced, and the goods are easier to fall off during unloading. The heating device is arranged in the diagonal bracing beam, and is suitable for being applied to cold regions. And a vibrating device is arranged in the diagonal bracing beam, so that the falling off and flowing of viscous goods in the carriage are enhanced.

The invention also provides a railway automatic dumping car which comprises a chassis assembly 7, a side turning cylinder 8 and the carriage assembly, wherein as shown in fig. 13 and 14, one side of the chassis assembly 7 is abutted with the carriage assembly, and the other side of the chassis assembly 7 is hinged with the carriage assembly through a rotating shaft; the side-turning cylinder 8 is arranged on one side of the underframe component 7, which is abutted against the carriage component, and is used for driving the carriage component to ascend, turn over or descend for resetting.

According to the tipping unloading operation requirement, the automatic tipping vehicle is divided into a discharging side and a jacking side, wherein a carriage at the discharging side is provided with a side door which can be opened and closed, and the side door is hinged with a carriage underframe through a side door shaft pin. The side wall is fixed on the carriage at the jacking side, and the tipping cylinder for tipping the jacking carriage is arranged at the bottom of the carriage. In the process of tipping unloading operation, the carriage rotates around the rotating shaft, the gravity centers of the carriage and cargoes in the carriage gradually deviate to the unloading side, and when the gravity center deviation distance is overlarge, the self-tipping car tipping accident is easy to cause. In order to avoid the occurrence of overturning accidents, a counterweight is added in advance on the jacking side of the carriage, the gravity center of the carriage is deflected to the jacking side in advance, the deflection of the gravity centers of the carriage and cargoes in the carriage to the unloading side can be reduced in the process of tipping unloading operation, and the tipping safety is improved.

The bottom frame assembly of the railway automatic dumping car is connected with the carriage assembly in a way that a rotating shaft is adopted to be hinged at the bottom of the carriage assembly at the unloading side, an upper supporting table of the carriage assembly is pressed on a lower supporting table of the bottom frame at the jacking side, and the bottom frame assembly supports the weight of the carriage assembly and particulate cargos in the carriage assembly and simultaneously limits the longitudinal movement and the transverse movement of the carriage assembly. Meanwhile, an upper pin shaft of the tipping cylinder is connected with a carriage underframe, a lower pin shaft of the tipping cylinder is connected with the underframe, an external thrust jacking carriage of the tipping cylinder rotates around a carriage rotating shaft, and an outward pushing stroke controls the tipping angle of the carriage; the upper side door opening and closing shaft pin, the middle side door opening and closing shaft pin and the lower side door opening and closing shaft pin of the side door opening and closing device are respectively arranged on the end wall and the bottom frame assembly formed by the side door and the carriage and are connected with the side door, the end wall and the bottom frame assembly, so that the function of controlling the opening and closing angle of the side door according to the tipping angle of the carriage is realized.

The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that any changes and substitutions that would be easily recognized by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention, and the remaining details are not described in detail as prior art.

Claims (8)

1. The carriage is formed, is arranged above the underframe formed (7), and is characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a carriage underframe (1), wherein the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a lifting side (1.1) and a discharging side (1.2), the lifting side (1.1) of the carriage underframe (1) is in butt joint with an underframe component (7), the discharging side (1.2) of the carriage underframe (1) is hinged with the underframe component (7), and the underframe component (7) can ascend, overturn or descend and reset relative to the discharging side (1.2) of the carriage underframe (1) under the driving action of external force;

the lifting side (1.1) of the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a side wall (2), the discharging side (1.2) of the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a side door (3), and two ends of the carriage underframe (1) are respectively provided with end walls (4); the end wall (4) is provided with a side door opening and closing mechanism (5) for controlling the side wall (2) to be opened or closed; the bottom of the inner side of the side wall (2) and/or the end wall (4) is provided with an inclined bracing beam (6);

the side door (3) comprises a side door plate (3.1), a side door upper side beam is arranged above the side door plate (3.1), a side door lower side beam (3.2) is arranged above the side door plate (3.1), a side door middle side beam (3.3) is arranged in the middle of the side door plate (3.1), a plurality of side door side columns (3.4) which are vertically arranged in the middle of the side door middle side beam (3.3) are arranged, and a plurality of side door hanging plates (3.5) are further arranged on the side door plate (3.1); the side door plate (3.1) is covered with a side door abrasion plate (3.6);

the end face of the side door (3) is provided with an ear plate (3.7), the inner side of the side door (3) is provided with a baffle plate (3.8), a hinge (3.9) is arranged below the side door (3), and the hinge (3.9) is hinged with the end wall (4) through a side door pin shaft (3.10);

the end wall (4) comprises an outer end wallboard (4.1) and an inner end wallboard (4.2), wherein the outer end wallboard (4.1) and the inner end wallboard (4.2) form a hollow dome-shaped structure, an upper end beam (4.3), a middle end beam (4.4) and a lower end beam (4.5) are sequentially arranged in a space between the outer end wallboard (4.1) and the inner end wallboard (4.2) from top to bottom, edge end posts (4.6) are arranged at two ends of the upper end beam (4.3), the middle end beam (4.4) and the lower end beam (4.5), and middle end posts (4.7) are arranged in the middle of the upper end beam (4.3), the middle end beam (4.4) and the lower end beam (4.5); an upright plate (4.8) is arranged between the middle end column (4.7) and the side end columns (4.6) at two sides, and a bent upright plate (4.9) is arranged on the middle end column (4.7); and a crank middle shaft pin mounting seat (4.10) for mounting a side door opening and closing mechanism (5) is further arranged between the outer end wallboard (4.1) and the inner end wallboard (4.2).

2. The car assembly of claim 1, wherein: the carriage underframe (1) comprises two side beams (1.3) which are arranged in parallel, end beams (1.4) are arranged at two ends of the side beams (1.3), and a plurality of longitudinal beams (1.5) and cross beams (1.6) are arranged in a frame formed by encircling the side beams (1.3) and the end beams (1.4); the bottom of the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a subfloor (1.7), the subfloor (1.7) is welded with the longitudinal beams (1.5) and the cross beams (1.6), and the subfloor (1.7) is covered with a wearing plate (1.8);

a plurality of weight pieces (1.9) are arranged on a side beam (1.3) positioned on the jacking side (1.1) of the carriage underframe (1); the side beam (1.3) positioned on the unloading side (1.2) of the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a plurality of side door supports (1.10) for installing side doors, and the side door supports (1.10) are provided with side door pin shafts (1.11).

3. The car assembly of claim 2, wherein: a tipping cylinder support (1.12) for installing a tipping cylinder and an upper supporting table (1.13) for abutting against the underframe component (7) are arranged on the carriage underframe (1) close to the jacking side (1.1), and a tipping cylinder pin shaft (1.14) is arranged on the tipping cylinder support (1.12); the carriage underframe (1) is provided with a plurality of rotating shafts (1.15) close to the unloading side (1.2), and the carriage underframe (1) is hinged with an underframe component (7) through the rotating shafts (1.15).

4. A car assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the side wall (2) comprises a side wall plate (2.1), a side wall upper side beam (2.2) is arranged above the side wall plate (2.1), a side wall lower side beam (2.3) is arranged below the side wall plate (2.1), a side wall middle side beam (2.4) is arranged in the middle of the side wall plate (2.1), and a plurality of side wall side columns (2.5) which are vertically arranged in the middle of the side wall middle side beam (2.4) are arranged; and the side wall plate (2.1) is also provided with a plurality of side wall upper hanging plates (2.6) and side wall lower hanging plates (2.7).

5. A car assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: a blanking inclined plane (4.11) extending obliquely upwards towards the outer end wallboard (4.1) is arranged at the top end of the inner end wallboard (4.2), and a plurality of upper corner rib plates (4.12) are arranged between the bottom of the blanking inclined plane (4.11) and the outer end wallboard (4.1); the outer end wallboard (4.1) is provided with a flashing (4.13);

the novel waterproof and waterproof device is characterized in that a plurality of holes for debugging and maintenance are formed in the outer end wallboard (4.1), an upper cover plate (4.14) and a lower cover plate (4.15) are arranged on the hole, the upper cover plate (4.14) is located above the waterproof plate (4.13), the lower cover plate (4.15) is located below the waterproof plate (4.13), and a cover plate seat (4.16) is arranged above the lower cover plate (4.15).

6. The car assembly of claim 5, wherein: the side door opening and closing mechanism (5) comprises a first connecting rod (5.1), a second connecting rod (5.2) and a crank (5.3), wherein an upper side door opening and closing shaft pin (5.11) is arranged at one end of the first connecting rod (5.1), and a first long guide groove (5.12) is formed at the other end of the first connecting rod (5.1);

one end of the second connecting rod (5.2) is provided with a hinged end (5.21), and the other end of the second connecting rod (5.2) is provided with a second long guide groove (5.22);

one end of the crank (5.3) is arranged in the first long guide groove (5.12) through a pin shaft and is movably connected with the first long guide groove, and the other end of the crank (5.3) is hinged with the hinge end (5.21) through a pin shaft; the middle part of the crank (5.3) is provided with a side door opening and closing middle shaft pin (5.31), and the middle part of the crank (5.3) is arranged in a crank middle shaft pin mounting seat (4.10) through the side door opening and closing middle shaft pin (5.31);

the first connecting rod (5.1) is connected with an ear plate (3.7) of the side door (3) through a side door opening and closing upper shaft pin (5.11), and the second long guide groove (5.22) is movably connected with the side door opening and closing lower shaft pin (5.23) arranged on the outer side of an end beam formed by the underframe.

7. A car assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the diagonal bracing beam (6) comprises a long inclined plate (6.1) and a rib plate (6.2), and the rib plate (6.2) is arranged on the inner inclined surface of the long inclined plate (6.1) and fixedly connected with the inner inclined surface.

8. The utility model provides a railway self-dumping car which characterized in that: a cabin assembly comprising the cabin of any one of claims 1 to 7.