CN114653906B - A method and system for preparing metal matrix composite sheet - Google Patents
A method and system for preparing metal matrix composite sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN114653906B CN114653906B CN202011540062.3A CN202011540062A CN114653906B CN 114653906 B CN114653906 B CN 114653906B CN 202011540062 A CN202011540062 A CN 202011540062A CN 114653906 B CN114653906 B CN 114653906B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
- B22D11/0682—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
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- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and a system device of a metal matrix composite board, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of cooling a metal matrix melt to semi-solid slurry, mixing the semi-solid slurry with reinforced particles, performing casting rolling after electromagnetic vibration to obtain the metal matrix composite board with small crystal grains, and the preparation method can improve the mechanical property of the metal matrix composite board, reduce the grain size of the composite board and improve the tensile strength and the fracture elongation; the system device for the preparation method comprises a mixing device, an outlet channel arranged at one side of the lower part of the mixing device, and an electromagnetic vibration device and a casting and rolling device which are connected with the outlet channel in sequence, wherein the device is simple in structure and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material forming, in particular to a preparation method and a system device of a metal matrix composite board.
Background
Continuous casting of a metal alloy refers to the process of rolling deformation of a metal alloy melt while continuously casting and solidifying. The liquid metal alloy is directly poured into the roll gap, and the roll not only acts as a crystallizer, but also performs rolling deformation on the metal at the same time, and the process is also called liquid rolling or ingot rolling. The distance from the front edge of the feed nozzle to the center line of the casting roll becomes the casting area, the liquid metal enters the casting area through the feed nozzle and immediately meets the casting rolls rotating in two phases, the heat of the liquid metal is continuously transferred into the casting rolls from the direction perpendicular to the casting roll surfaces, the temperature of the liquid metal attached to the casting roll surfaces is rapidly reduced, and therefore, the liquid metal is cooled, crystallized and solidified on the casting roll surfaces. With the continuous rotation of the casting roller, the heat of the liquid metal is continuously transferred to the casting roller and is continuously taken away by the cooling water in the casting roller, the crystal continuously grows into the liquid, and the solidification layer is thickened. The liquid metal is basically contacted with two casting rollers simultaneously, crystallization is carried out simultaneously, the crystallization process and conditions are the same, the speed and thickness of forming a solidified layer are the same, when the thickness of the solidified layers at two sides is gradually increased along with the rotation of the casting rollers and meets below the center lines of the two casting rollers, the casting process is finished, the two casting rollers are subjected to the rolling action of the two casting rollers on the solidified structures, and a certain rolling rate is provided, so that the liquid metal is cast and rolled into a casting plate, which is the basic principle of continuous casting and rolling.
The particle-reinforced metal matrix composite is a metal matrix composite comprising a matrix of a metal or alloy reinforced with particles of carbide, nitride, graphite, etc. The base metal and the reinforcing particles can be selected according to working condition requirements, and the commonly selected particles are silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, titanium boride, boron nitride, graphite and the like, wherein the particle size is generally 3.5-10 mu m, and the particles with the particle size of less than 3.5 mu m and about 30 mu m and the content range of 5% -75% are selected as required. The metal matrix includes aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, iron, etc. and alloys thereof. The manufacturing method includes powder metallurgy method, casting method, vacuum pressure impregnation method and co-injection deposition method. The alloy can be directly made into parts, or can be made into cast ingots and then subjected to hot extrusion, forging, rolling and the like.
CN105312520B discloses a continuous casting and rolling method for manufacturing a silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite section, which uses a mechanical stirring method to prepare silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite slurry, and continuously and uniformly injects the slurry into a casting and rolling molten pool formed by two casting and rolling roller units through a flow distribution assembly, so as to realize continuous casting and rolling forming of the silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite section, but the crystal grains of the metal alloy are coarse, and the mechanical property of the metal alloy casting and rolling plate is poor.
CN110935852a discloses a continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composite board and strip preparation device and method, the manufacturing device comprises a fiber wire feeding mechanism, a casting front box, a casting machine and a cooling system, the fiber wire feeding mechanism is provided with a front pressing plate, a rear pressing plate and a fiber protection gas circulation system, the fiber protection gas circulation system has fiber gas protection and tensioning functions, but the crystal grains of the metal alloy are coarse, and the mechanical property of the metal alloy cast-rolled board is poor.
CN1325197C discloses a double-roller ultra-high speed continuous casting machine for magnesium sheet and strip, which consists of a solidification roller, a forming roller and an integrated front box overflow nozzle, and is a double-roller continuous casting machine for dragging liquid metal by rotating the solidification roller, wherein solidification and forming of magnesium sheet and strip are respectively completed at different positions on the solidification roller and the forming roller, but crystal grains of metal alloy are coarse, and mechanical properties of metal alloy cast-rolled plates are poor.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for preparing fine-grain metal matrix composite boards, which improves the mechanical properties of the metal matrix composite boards.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a metal matrix composite board, which is characterized in that after semi-solid slurry and reinforced particles are mixed, the semi-solid slurry and reinforced particles are subjected to electromagnetic vibration and then cast-rolled to obtain the metal matrix composite board with small crystal grains, and a system device for the preparation method comprises a mixing device, an outlet channel, an electromagnetic vibration device and a cast-rolling device, so that the mechanical property of the metal matrix composite board is improved, the grain size of the composite board is reduced, and the tensile strength and the fracture elongation are improved.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite panel, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Cooling the metal-based melt to a semi-solid state to obtain semi-solid slurry;
(2) Mixing the semi-solid slurry with the reinforced particles to obtain semi-solid slurry containing a reinforced phase;
(3) And carrying out electromagnetic vibration on the semisolid slurry containing the reinforcing phase, and then casting and rolling to obtain the metal matrix composite board.
The method comprises the steps of cooling metal-based melt to be semi-solid, obtaining semi-solid slurry, wherein the temperature is located above a solid-liquid two-phase region in a phase diagram, the semi-solid slurry still has good fluidity, mixing the semi-solid slurry with reinforcing particles to obtain semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phases, wherein the semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phases contains liquid metal, primary metal matrix phase and solid reinforcing particles, the solid reinforcing particles serve as heterogeneous nucleation particles, the heterogeneous nucleation effect can be achieved, the nucleation position of the metal matrix is increased, grain refinement is promoted, the semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phases is subjected to electromagnetic vibration, mechanical waves or mechanical disturbance are loaded on the slurry to be solidified, the grains to be thixotropic-molded and crystallized are broken through the action of mechanical transverse waves, the effect of further grain refinement is achieved, then casting and rolling are carried out, and the obtained metal-based composite plate is small in grain size, near-net forming is achieved, and the tensile strength and the fracture elongation are improved.
Preferably, the semi-solid slurry in step (1) contains a liquid metal and a primary metal matrix phase.
Preferably, the metal of step (1) comprises any one or a combination of at least two of an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy, or an iron alloy, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are combinations of an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy and a copper alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy and an iron alloy, and the like.
The metal-based melt of the present invention includes a pure metal melt or a metal alloy melt, and the metal alloy melt is not limited to metal, but may contain a nonmetallic substance, and any alloy melt mainly containing a metal element may be used, and the alloy may be, for example, AZ91D magnesium alloy, AZ31D magnesium alloy, 7075 aluminum alloy, or the like.
Preferably, the molten metal-based melt is subjected to heat preservation before the temperature is reduced.
The metal-based melt after melting is subjected to heat preservation before cooling, so that the uniformity of the components of the melt is promoted, and the state of the melt can be stabilized in a liquid phase region.
Preferably, the time of the heat preservation is 15-25 min, for example, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 23min, 24min or 25min, etc.
Preferably, the mixing of step (2) is performed with stirring.
Preferably, the stirring time is 1-120 min, for example, 1min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min or 120min, and preferably 5-60 min.
Preferably, the stirring comprises mechanical stirring and/or ultrasonic stirring.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the mechanical stirring is 1-3000 r/min, for example, 1r/min, 10r/min, 100r/min, 300r/min, 500r/min, 800r/min, 1000r/min, 1500r/min, 2000r/min, 2500r/min or 3000r/min, and the like, and preferably 5-200 r/min.
Preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic stirring is 20-130 kHz, for example, 20kHz, 30kHz, 40kHz, 50kHz, 60kHz, 70kHz, 80kHz, 90kHz, 100kHz, 110kHz, 120kHz or 130kHz, etc.
Preferably, the reinforcing particulate body comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carbide, nitride, oxide, carbon fiber, glass fiber, graphene, carbon nanotube or graphite, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are combinations of carbide and nitride, combinations of oxide and carbon fiber, combinations of oxide and graphite, combinations of glass fiber, graphene and carbon nanotube, and the like.
The carbide in the present invention may be a single carbide or a mixture of a plurality of carbides, and is not particularly limited herein.
The nitride in the present invention may be a single carbide or a mixture of plural nitrides, and is not particularly limited herein.
The oxide in the present invention may be a single carbide or a mixture of plural oxides, and is not particularly limited herein.
Preferably, the carbide comprises silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide or tungsten carbide.
Preferably, the nitride comprises boron nitride, phosphorus nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, magnesium nitride, aluminum nitride, manganese nitride or zirconium nitride.
Preferably, the oxide comprises titanium oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or tungsten oxide.
The particle diameter of the reinforcing particles is preferably 0.1 to 200. Mu.m, for example, 0.1. Mu.m, 1. Mu.m, 10. Mu.m, 30. Mu.m, 50. Mu.m, 80. Mu.m, 100. Mu.m, 130. Mu.m, 150. Mu.m, 180. Mu.m, or 200. Mu.m, preferably 5 to 100. Mu.m.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforcing particle is (200-1.5): 1, for example, 200:1,180:1,150:1,130:1,100:1,50:1,25:1,20:1,15:1,10:1,5:1,3:1,2:1 or 1.5:1, etc., and preferably (20-4): 1.
The mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforced particles is (200-1.5): 1, so that the particle reinforced phase with enough volume fraction in the metal matrix composite board can be ensured, and the casting and rolling difficulty caused by too low fluidity of the mixed slurry can be avoided.
Preferably, the volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry is 1 to 80%, for example, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, and preferably 12 to 30%.
The volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry is 1-80%, so that the thixotropic molding characteristic of the semi-solid slurry can be ensured, and the problem that the cast-rolled plate is difficult to form due to poor slurry fluidity can be avoided.
Preferably, the amplitude of the electromagnetic vibration in the step (3) is 0.5-50 mm, for example, 0.5mm, 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm or 50mm, etc.
Preferably, the frequency of the electromagnetic vibration is 0.1 to 1000Hz, for example, may be 0.1Hz, 1Hz, 10Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz, 400Hz, 500Hz, 600Hz, 700Hz, 800Hz or 1000Hz, and preferably is 5 to 100Hz.
Preferably, the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase flows under the pressure drive of gas and is cast-rolled after electromagnetic vibration.
Preferably, the gas comprises any one or a combination of at least two of argon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or helium, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are combinations of argon and carbon dioxide, combinations of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride, combinations of sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen and helium, and the like.
The pressure of the gas is preferably 0.1 to 70MPa, for example, 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.5MPa, 1MPa, 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, 50MPa, 60MPa, 70MPa, or the like, and preferably 0.2 to 10MPa.
Preferably, the casting comprises eccentric twin roll casting or non-eccentric twin roll casting, preferably eccentric twin roll casting.
The invention selects the eccentric double-roller casting and rolling to effectively increase the area of a casting and rolling solidification area and improve the stability of the casting and rolling process.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the lower roller in casting and rolling is 1-3000 r/min, for example, 1r/min, 10r/min, 100r/min, 200r/min, 500r/min, 800r/min, 1000r/min, 1500r/min, 2000r/min, 2500r/min or 3000r/min, and the like, and preferably 50-1000 r/min.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the upper roller in the casting and rolling is 1-3000 r/min, for example, 1r/min, 10r/min, 100r/min, 200r/min, 500r/min, 800r/min, 1000r/min, 1500r/min, 2000r/min, 2500r/min or 3000r/min, and the like, and preferably 50-1000 r/min.
In the eccentric twin-roll casting, the lower roll has a cooling function, and the upper roll has a deforming function, and in the non-eccentric twin-roll casting, both the lower roll and the upper roll have both a cooling function and a deforming function.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Maintaining the temperature of the melted metal-based melt for 15-25 min, and cooling to semi-solid state to obtain semi-solid slurry;
(2) 1, mixing semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of (200-1.5) and reinforced particles with the particle size of 0.1-200 mu m for 1-120 min under mechanical stirring and/or ultrasonic stirring, wherein the rotating speed of the mechanical stirring is 1-3000 r/min, the frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20-130 kHz, and the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforced phase with the volume solid phase rate of 1-80% is obtained;
(3) And driving the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to flow by adopting gas with the pressure of 0.1-70 MPa, and performing casting and rolling after electromagnetic vibration with the amplitude of 0.5-50 mm and the frequency of 0.1-1000 Hz, wherein the casting and rolling adopts non-eccentric double-roll casting and rolling or eccentric double-roll casting and rolling, the rotating speed of a lower roll in the casting and rolling is 1-3000 r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roll is 1-3000 r/min, so as to obtain the metal matrix composite board.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a system device for preparing a metal matrix composite board, which is used for the preparation method of the metal matrix composite board in the first aspect, and comprises a mixing device, an outlet channel arranged at one side of the lower part of the mixing device, and an electromagnetic vibration device and a casting and rolling device which are sequentially connected with the outlet channel.
The metal-based melt is cooled in a mixing device to form a semi-solid state, reinforcing particles are added in the mixing device, so that semi-solid slurry and the reinforcing particles are mixed, heterogeneous nucleation is performed, the nucleation position of the metal matrix is increased, grain refinement is promoted, semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phases is obtained, after passing through an outlet channel, the semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phases is subjected to electromagnetic vibration through an electromagnetic vibration device, grains to be subjected to thixotropic molding crystallization are crushed through the action of mechanical transverse waves, the effect of further refining the grains is achieved, and casting and rolling are performed through a casting and rolling device, so that the metal-based composite plate is obtained.
Preferably, the system device further comprises a gas release device.
Preferably, the gas release means is arranged at the front end of the mixing device.
In the invention, the gas release device fills high-pressure gas into the mixing device, so that the semisolid slurry containing the reinforcing phase flows under the driving of the pressure of the gas and flows out of the outlet channel.
Preferably, the mixing device comprises a mixing tank.
Preferably, the mixing box is provided with heating means.
According to the invention, the mixing box body is provided with the heating device, and the molten metal-based melt is heated when being kept warm before being cooled, so that the metal in the mixing box body is ensured to be kept in a liquid state.
Preferably, a stirring device is arranged in the mixing box body.
Preferably, the stirring device comprises a mechanical stirring device and/or an ultrasonic stirring device.
Preferably, a temperature measuring device is arranged in the mixing box body.
The present invention is not limited to a temperature measuring device, and any instrument known to those skilled in the art for measuring temperature may be used, and a resistance heating system in which temperature can be digitally controlled may be used, and is not particularly limited.
Preferably, a solid adding device is arranged in the mixing box body.
The present invention is not limited to the solid adding device, and any device known to those skilled in the art to be useful for adding a solid may be used, and is not particularly limited herein.
Preferably, a heating device is arranged on the outlet channel.
The heating device is arranged on the outlet channel, so that the semisolid slurry containing the reinforcing phase is ensured not to be solidified into a full solid state after flowing out from the outlet, and the fluidity of the semisolid slurry containing the reinforcing phase is maintained.
Preferably, the casting and rolling device comprises an eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling device or a non-eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling device.
Preferably, the casting device includes a lower roll and an upper roll.
Preferably, the ratio of the diameters of the lower roll and the upper roll is 1-3, for example, 1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.3, 2.5, 2.8 or 3 may be used.
The diameters of the lower roller and the upper roller can be equal or unequal, and when the diameters of the lower roller and the upper roller are unequal, the asynchronous rolling function can be realized, and the texture distribution of the cast-rolled plate is optimized.
Preferably, the width of the roll gap between the lower roll and the upper roll is 0.1-20 mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm or the like can be used.
The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal matrix composite board by adopting a system device for preparing the metal matrix composite board, which comprises the following steps:
(1) A heating device in the mixing box body is turned on, the melted metal-based melt is kept in the mixing box body of the mixing device for 15-25 min, the heating device in the mixing box body is turned off, a temperature measuring device in the mixing box body is observed, and the metal-based melt is cooled to be semi-solid, so that semi-solid slurry is obtained;
(2) Adding reinforcing particles with the particle size of 0.1-200 mu m into a mixing box body through a solid adding device, and stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of (200-1.5) 1 and the reinforcing particles for 1-120 min by adopting a mechanical stirring device and/or an ultrasonic stirring device, wherein the rotating speed of mechanical stirring is 1-3000 r/min, the frequency of ultrasonic stirring is 20-130 kHz, and the semi-solid slurry with the reinforcing phase is obtained, and the volume solid phase rate is 1-80%;
(3) And (3) releasing gas with the pressure of 0.1-70 MPa by a gas release device, carrying out electromagnetic vibration on the flow of the semisolid slurry containing the reinforcing phase by an electromagnetic vibration device with the amplitude of 0.5-50 mm and the frequency of 0.1-1000 Hz, casting and rolling in a casting and rolling device, wherein the rotating speed of a lower roller in the casting and rolling device is 1-3000 r/min, the rotating speed of an upper roller is 1-3000 r/min, the ratio of the diameters of the lower roller to the upper roller is 1-3, and the width of a roll gap between the lower roller and the upper roller is 0.1-20 mm, so as to obtain the metal matrix composite board.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, semi-solid slurry and reinforced particles are mixed, and electromagnetic vibration is carried out, so that the prepared metal matrix composite board has fine crystal grains, the grain size is less than or equal to 100.5 mu m, and under the preferable condition, the grain size is less than or equal to 50.9 mu m;
(2) According to the preparation method of the metal-based composite board, the obtained metal-based composite board is uniform in structure, excellent in mechanical property, and high in tensile strength, wherein the tensile strength is more than or equal to 168MPa, the breaking elongation is more than or equal to 1.2%, and under the preferential condition, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and the breaking elongation is more than or equal to 2.3%;
(3) The preparation method of the metal matrix composite board provided by the invention belongs to near net forming technology and has high efficiency;
(4) The system device for preparing the metal-based composite board provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and short flow, and can reduce the preparation cost of the metal-based composite board.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system apparatus for preparing a metal matrix composite panel used in example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-mixing box body, a 2-stirring device, a 3-temperature measuring device, a 4-solid adding device, a 5-gas releasing device, a 6-electromagnetic vibration device, a 7-lower roller and an 8-upper roller are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
1. Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal matrix composite board, as shown in fig. 1, the system device comprises a mixing device, the mixing device comprises a mixing box body 1, the mixing box body 1 is provided with a heating device, a stirring device 2, a temperature measuring device 3 and a solid adding device 4 are arranged in the mixing box body 1, the stirring device 2 adopts a mechanical stirring device, the front end of the mixing device is provided with a gas releasing device 5, one side of the lower part of the mixing device is provided with an outlet channel, the outlet channel is provided with the heating device, an electromagnetic vibration device 6 and a casting device which are connected with the outlet channel in sequence are arranged, wherein the casting device adopts an eccentric double-roller casting device, the casting device comprises a lower roller 7 and an upper roller 8, the diameter ratio of the lower roller 7 to the upper roller 8 is 1.5, and the width of a roll gap between the lower roller 7 and the upper roller 8 is 7mm.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, which is performed in the system device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Opening a heating device in the mixing box body 1, keeping the temperature of the melted AZ91D magnesium alloy melt in the mixing box body 1 of the mixing device at 720 ℃ for 20min, closing the heating device in the mixing box body 1, observing a temperature measuring device 3 in the mixing box body 1, and cooling the AZ91D magnesium alloy melt to 590 ℃ to obtain semi-solid slurry;
(2) Adding silicon carbide with the particle size of 5 mu m into the mixing box body 1 through a solid adding device 4 in the mixing box body 1, mechanically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of 15:1 and the silicon carbide for 50min, wherein the rotating speed of mechanical stirring is 150r/min, and obtaining semi-solid slurry with the reinforcing phase and the volume solid phase rate of 16%;
(3) Argon gas with the pressure of 0.2MPa is released by a gas release device 5 to drive semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phase to flow, electromagnetic vibration is carried out by an electromagnetic vibration device 6 with the amplitude of 50mm and the frequency of 5Hz, casting and rolling are carried out in a casting and rolling device, the rotating speed of a lower roller 7 in the casting and rolling device is 100r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roller 8 is 100r/min, so that the metal matrix composite board is obtained.
Example 2
This example provides a system apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite sheet, which is different from example 1 in that the ratio of the diameters of the lower roll to the upper roll is 1, the width of the roll gap of the lower roll to the upper roll is 0.1mm, and the rest is the same as example 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, which is performed in the system device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) A heating device in a mixing box body is turned on, the melted AZ31D magnesium alloy melt is kept at 710 ℃ for 25min in the mixing box body of the mixing device, the heating device in the mixing box body is turned off, a temperature measuring device in the mixing box body is observed, and the AZ31D magnesium alloy melt is cooled to 575 ℃ semi-solid state, so that semi-solid slurry is obtained;
(2) Adding carbon fibers with the particle size of 8 mu m into a mixing box body through a solid adding device in the mixing box body, and mechanically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of 10:1 and the carbon fibers for 5min, wherein the rotating speed of mechanical stirring is 200r/min, so as to obtain semi-solid slurry with the volume solid phase rate of 12 percent and containing reinforcing phases;
(3) Argon with the pressure of 1MPa is released by the gas release device to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to flow, the electromagnetic vibration is carried out by the electromagnetic vibration device with the amplitude of 4mm and the frequency of 20Hz, casting and rolling are carried out in the casting and rolling device, the rotating speed of a lower roller in the casting and rolling device is 50r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roller is 50r/min, so that the metal matrix composite board is obtained.
Example 3
This example provides a system apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite sheet, which is different from example 1 in that the ratio of the diameters of the lower roll to the upper roll is 3, the width of the roll gap of the lower roll to the upper roll is 1.5mm, and the rest is the same as example 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, which is performed in the system device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) A heating device in a mixing box body is started, the melted 7075 aluminum alloy melt is kept at 650 ℃ for 15min in the mixing box body of the mixing device, the heating device in the mixing box body is closed, a temperature measuring device in the mixing box body is observed, and the 7075 aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 610 ℃ semi-solid state, so that semi-solid slurry is obtained;
(2) Adding alumina particles with the particle size of 20 mu m into a mixing box body through a solid adding device in the mixing box body, and mechanically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of 5:1 and the alumina particles for 60min, wherein the rotating speed of mechanical stirring is 5r/min, so as to obtain semi-solid slurry with the volume solid phase rate of 21% and containing reinforcing phase;
(3) The gas releasing device releases helium with the pressure of 5Mpa to drive semi-solid slurry containing reinforcing phase to flow, electromagnetic vibration is carried out by an electromagnetic vibration device with the amplitude of 1mm and the frequency of 50Hz, casting rolling is carried out in a casting rolling device, the rotating speed of a lower roller in the casting rolling device is 200r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roller is 200r/min, so that the metal matrix composite board is obtained.
Example 4
This example provided a system apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite sheet, which was different from example 1 in that an ultrasonic stirring apparatus was used as the stirring apparatus, the width of the roll gap between the lower roll and the upper roll was 15mm, and the rest was the same as example 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, which is performed in the system device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) A heating device in a mixing box body is started, the melted 7075 aluminum alloy melt is kept at 650 ℃ for 15min in the mixing box body of the mixing device, the heating device in the mixing box body is closed, a temperature measuring device in the mixing box body is observed, and the 7075 aluminum alloy melt is cooled to 610 ℃ semi-solid state, so that semi-solid slurry is obtained;
(2) Adding silicon carbide with the particle size of 50 mu m into the mixing box body through a solid adding device in the mixing box body, and ultrasonically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of 4:1 and the silicon carbide for 60min, wherein the ultrasonic stirring frequency is 20Hz, so as to obtain semi-solid slurry with the reinforcing phase and the volume solid phase rate of 15%;
(3) The nitrogen dioxide with the pressure of 10MPa is released by the gas release device to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to flow, the semi-solid slurry is subjected to electromagnetic vibration by the electromagnetic vibration device with the amplitude of 0.5mm and the frequency of 100Hz, casting and rolling are carried out in the casting and rolling device, the rotating speed of a lower roller in the casting and rolling device is 600r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roller is 600r/min, so that the metal matrix composite board is obtained.
Example 5
This example provided a system apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite sheet, which was different from example 1 in that an ultrasonic stirring apparatus was used as the stirring apparatus, the width of the roll gap between the lower roll and the upper roll was 20mm, and the rest was the same as example 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the metal matrix composite board, which is performed in the system device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
(1) A heating device in a mixing box body is started, the melted copper-iron 10 alloy melt is kept at 1100 ℃ for 15min in the mixing box body of the mixing device, the heating device in the mixing box body is closed, a temperature measuring device in the mixing box body is observed, and the copper-iron 10 alloy melt is cooled to 850 ℃ semi-solid state, so that semi-solid slurry is obtained;
(2) Adding silicon nitride with the grain diameter of 100 mu m into the mixing box body through a solid adding device in the mixing box body, and ultrasonically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry with the mass ratio of 15:1 and the silicon nitride for 50min, wherein the ultrasonic stirring frequency is 130Hz, so as to obtain semi-solid slurry with the reinforcing phase and the volume solid phase rate of 30%;
(3) The nitrogen with the pressure of 5MPa is released by the gas release device to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to flow, the electromagnetic vibration is carried out by the electromagnetic vibration device with the amplitude of 0.5mm and the frequency of 100Hz, casting rolling is carried out in the casting rolling device, the rotating speed of a lower roller in the casting rolling device is 1000r/min, and the rotating speed of an upper roller is 1000r/min, thus obtaining the metal matrix composite board.
Example 6
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite board, which is different from embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 20:1, so as to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 12%, and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 7
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite board, which is different from embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 4:1, so as to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 30%, and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 8
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite board, which is different from embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 200:1, so as to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 1%, and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 9
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite board, which is different from embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 1.5:1, so as to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 80%, and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.
2. Comparative example
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for producing a metal matrix composite sheet, which differs from example 1 only in that step (1) is not conducted to cool down to a semi-solid slurry, and the remainder is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method for producing a metal matrix composite board, which differs from example 1 only in that silicon carbide is not added in step (2), and the remainder is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method for producing a metal matrix composite board, which differs from example 1 only in that step (3) is not subjected to electromagnetic vibration, and the remainder is the same as example 1.
3. Testing and results
The grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet was measured according to ASTM E112-1996.
The tensile strength of the metal matrix composite board is measured according to ASTM D3552-96 (07).
Method for testing elongation at break of metal matrix composite panels, measured according to ASTM D3552-96 (07).
The test results of the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Grain size (mum) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation at break (%) | |
| Example 1 | 41.2 | 220 | 3.1 |
| Example 2 | 50.9 | 190 | 2.4 |
| Example 3 | 35.6 | 421 | 5.7 |
| Example 4 | 41.2 | 409 | 4.8 |
| Example 5 | 100.5 | 310 | 10.7 |
| Example 6 | 45.6 | 204 | 5.4 |
| Example 7 | 35.2 | 246 | 2.3 |
| Example 8 | 69.2 | 171 | 2.5 |
| Example 9 | 50.2 | 168 | 1.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 80.2 | 163 | 2.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 102.1 | 125 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 76.4 | 162 | 2.0 |
From table 1, the following points can be seen:
(1) The invention provides a preparation method of a metal matrix composite board, which comprises the steps of mixing semi-solid slurry and reinforced particles, performing electromagnetic vibration and casting and rolling to obtain a metal matrix composite board with small crystal grains, so as to improve the mechanical property of the metal matrix composite board, improve the tensile strength and the elongation at break, specifically, in examples 1-9, the grain size is less than or equal to 100.5 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 168MPa, the elongation at break is more than or equal to 1.2%, and under the preferential condition, the grain size is less than or equal to 50.9 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and the elongation at break is more than or equal to 2.3%;
(2) As can be seen from the combination of examples 1 and 6 to 9, the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to the silicon nitride in examples 1 and 6 to 7 is respectively controlled to be 15:1, 20:1 and 4:1, correspondingly, the volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase is respectively controlled to be 16%, 12% and 30%, compared with the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase to the silicon nitride in examples 8 to 9 is respectively controlled to be 200:1 and 1.5:1, correspondingly, the volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase is respectively controlled to be 1% and 80%, the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet in examples 1 and 6 to 7 is respectively controlled to be 41.2 μm, 45.6 μm and 35.2 μm, the tensile strength is respectively 220MPa, 204MPa and 246MPa, the elongation at break is respectively 3.1%, 5.4% and 2.3%, and the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet in examples 8 to 9 is respectively controlled to be 69.2 MPa and 168MPa, the elongation at break is respectively 2% and the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet is controlled to be 20% within the range of the grain size of the solid phase is respectively, and the grain size ratio of the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet is controlled to be 20 to 30% within the range of the grain size is controlled to be 20% and the grain size of the grain size is respectively;
(3) As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 1, in example 1, the step (1) was cooled to the semi-solid slurry, and compared with the step (1) in comparative example 1, which was not cooled to the semi-solid slurry, the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet in example 1 was 41.2 μm, the tensile strength was 220MPa, the elongation at break was 3.1%, the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet in comparative example 1 was 80.2 μm, the tensile strength was 163MPa, and the elongation at break was 2.8%, therefore, the step (1) was cooled to the semi-solid slurry, and the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet was reduced, and the tensile strength and the elongation at break were improved;
(4) As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 2, in example 1, silicon carbide is added in step (2), and compared with the silicon carbide is not added in step (2) in comparative example 2, the grain size of the metal matrix composite board in example 1 is 41.2 μm, the tensile strength is 220MPa, the grain size of the metal matrix composite board in comparative example 2 is 102.1 μm, and the tensile strength is 125MPa, therefore, the invention can meet the requirement of the fracture elongation of the metal matrix composite board, reduce the grain size of the metal matrix composite board and improve the tensile strength by adding the reinforcing particle in step (2);
(5) As is clear from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 3, the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) in example 1 was performed, and compared with the electromagnetic vibration not performed in step (3) in comparative example 3, the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet material in example 1 was 41.2 μm, the tensile strength was 220MPa, the elongation at break was 3.1%, the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet material in comparative example 3 was 76.4 μm, the tensile strength was 162MPa, and the elongation at break was 2.0%, whereby it is clear that the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) of the present invention can reduce the grain size of the metal matrix composite sheet material and improve the tensile strength and elongation at break.
In summary, the preparation method of the metal matrix composite board provided by the invention comprises the steps of mixing semi-solid slurry and reinforced particles, performing casting and rolling after electromagnetic vibration to obtain the metal matrix composite board with small crystal grains, so that the mechanical property of the metal matrix composite board is improved, the tensile strength and the fracture elongation are improved, the grain size is less than or equal to 100.5 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 168MPa, the fracture elongation is more than or equal to 1.2%, and under the preferable condition, the grain size is less than or equal to 50.9 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 190MPa, and the fracture elongation is more than or equal to 2.3%.
The applicant states that the detailed structural features of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
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