CN114652726B - Application of BIIB021 in preparing medicine for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and more specifically, relates to the application of BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection. The application of BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs to inhibit adenovirus and/or the preparation of drugs to prevent and/or treat adenovirus infection is disclosed, thereby providing a safe and effective small molecule compound for clinical treatment of adenovirus. BIIB021 can effectively inhibit the replication of adenovirus in a non-toxic range, and can be further developed as a drug to treat or prevent diseases caused by adenovirus infection, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Application of BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection

Technical field

The present invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and more specifically, relates to the application of BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection.

Background technique

Human adenovirus (HAdV) belongs to the mammalian adenovirus genus of the family Adenoviridae. Adenovirus is a non-enveloped DNA virus with an icosahedral nucleocapsid. The core of the viral genome is a linear double-stranded DNA molecule, about 36kb, and its genome is highly condensed and packaged, and is composed of hundreds of similar Histone protein VII and the protamine-like protein Mu (also known as protein X) organize chromatin into chromatin. The capsid of adenovirus has 240 hexon proteins, and the 12 tips of the icosahedral capsid are a complex of pentameric proteins (penton) and trimeric proteins (fiber). 12 fiber proteins protrude from the capsid surface with the penton protein as the base, and the top of the fiber forms the knob. The knob regions of penton protein and fiber protein can bind to virus receptors on the cell surface and play a very important role in the process of virus infection of cells. The smaller capsid proteins IIIa, VI, VIII and IX are embedded in the capsid, with capsid protein VI located on the inner surface of the capsid and connecting the capsid to the core containing the viral genome via capsid protein V. There is also a small amount of capsid protein IVa2 in the capsid, which is involved in genome packaging and adenovirus protease (AVP) formation.

Adenovirus infections can occur in any season, but winter and early spring are often the peak seasons for viral infections. Based on serum neutralization, hemagglutination epitopes, genome sequence and function, human adenoviruses are divided into seven subgenus A, B, C, D, E, F and G, with a total of 57 serotypes. The main types of adenovirus prevalent in my country are type 1, type 3, type 4, type 5, type 7, type 11, type 14, type 40, type 41, and type 55, of which type 3 and type 5 are the most prevalent. . Studies have found that the genomes of various types of adenovirus are highly conserved, except for hexon, fiber, and penton genes, and intraspecific recombination rarely occurs. Therefore, it is helpful to overcome the limitations of drugs on adenovirus type specificity. Usually antiviral drugs targeting adenovirus into later stages have broad-spectrum anti-adenovirus activity within adenovirus species.

Adenovirus infection has a variety of clinical symptoms and disease manifestations, which depend largely on the type of adenovirus, the immune status of the host, and the site of infection. Common sites of adenovirus infection include the respiratory tract, corneal epithelium, and intestines. Adenovirus infection is responsible for 90% of cases of viral conjunctivitis, usually associated with adenovirus type B, D, or E infection, and often occurs in military recruits as pharyngeal conjunctivitis or epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Adenovirus types B, D, or E also often cause acute respiratory illness and viral pneumonia. Two of the more serious consequences of respiratory adenovirus infection are pneumonia, which can be fatal in children. and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is more common among military conscripts. Adenovirus types A, F, and G are associated with gastrointestinal infections. Adenovirus infection is the leading cause of gastroenteritis in children, second only to norovirus and rotavirus. In general, adenovirus is susceptible to all populations, but it often causes more severe disease and even death in infected newborns, children, and immunocompromised people (hematopoietic stem cell and organ transplant patients).

There are currently no approved antiviral therapies for treating severe adenovirus infections. Certain DNA/RNA synthesis-inhibiting antiviral drugs approved for the treatment of other viral infections (such as cidofovir, ganciclovir, and ribavirin) have been used in the clinical treatment of severe adenovirus infections through expanded indications. . However, in many cases these drugs have limited efficacy and serious adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop other safer and more effective anti-adenoviral drugs.

BIIB021 (CNF2024) is a potential new therapeutic agent for the treatment of stromal tumors, breast cancer, lymphoma and solid tumors. It is a new and effective HSP90 inhibitor that can inhibit the proliferation of a variety of human tumor cell lines. BIIB021 induces the degradation of relevant oncogenic client proteins in tumor cells, leading to the blockade of many key oncogenic pathways, thereby causing tumor regression. However, no relevant reports on the treatment of adenovirus infection with BIIB021 have been found.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide the application of BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs for inhibiting adenovirus and/or the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection.

BIIB021 has the structure shown in structural formula I:

Preferably, the adenovirus is one or more of adenovirus type 1, type 3, type 4, type 5, type 7, type 11, type 14, type 40, type 41 and type 55.

More preferably, the adenovirus is adenovirus type 3 (AdV3) and/or type 5 (AdV5).

Preferably, the drug includes BIIB021 and pharmaceutically acceptable additives. BIIB021 is used as a pharmaceutical active ingredient and can be made into any pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form.

Preferably, the adenovirus infection is one or more of respiratory diseases, intestinal diseases and corneal diseases caused by adenovirus infection.

Preferably, the drug is a tablet, capsule, granule, pill, liquid preparation, decoction, suppository, gel, aerosol or patch. Liquid preparations include, but are not limited to, oral solutions and injections.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a medicament for inhibiting adenovirus and/or preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection is provided, and the medicament includes BIIB021.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Currently, there is no antiviral drug approved for adenovirus infection. The present invention discovered a new anti-adenoviral drug - BIIB021.

(2) BIIB021 is a small molecule compound that does not show any cytotoxicity at 5 μM in Vero cells. Therefore, the _CC50 (50% lethal concentration) is greater than 5 μM. BIIB021 dose-dependently inhibits viral replication of both adenoviruses (AdV3 and AdV5). Its IC ₅₀ (half inhibitory concentration) for AdV3 in Vero cells is only 0.10 μM, and its IC ₅₀ for AdV5 is 0.24 μM. Through calculation, the selection index (SI) of BIIB021 was greater than 10 on both adenoviruses, indicating that it has broad-spectrum anti-adenovirus replication activity.

(3) BIIB021, as a new anti-tumor drug under development, has successfully passed Phase I clinical trials and is currently in Phase II clinical trials, which shows that the drug is safe. If its indications are expanded to treat adenovirus infection, the medication cycle will be shorter, usually only about 3 days, and the safety is expected to be better.

(4) The present invention provides the application of a small molecule compound BIIB021 in the preparation of drugs that inhibit adenovirus and/or the preparation of drugs that prevent and/or treat adenovirus infection, thereby providing a safe method for clinical treatment of adenovirus. Effective small molecule compounds. BIIB021 can effectively inhibit the replication of adenovirus in a non-toxic range, and can be further developed as a drug to treat or prevent diseases caused by adenovirus infection, and has broad application prospects.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the cytotoxic effect of BIIB021 in Vero cells: After incubating Vero cells with different concentration gradients of BIIB021 for 48 hours in an incubator containing 5% _CO2 at 37°C, the cell viability of Vero cells was measured relative to cells without drug treatment. . A regression curve was made using the logarithm of cell viability versus drug concentration.

Figure 2 shows the antiviral efficacy of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV3 in Vero cells: Different concentration gradients of BIIB021 were added to Vero cells to infect AdV3 at an MOI of 0.55. After incubation at 37°C for 48 hours, the percentage of inhibition of AdV3 in Vero cells treated with gradients of different drug concentrations was measured relative to cells without drug infection after virus infection. Make a regression curve plot based on the antiviral inhibition rate versus the logarithm of drug concentration.

Figure 3 shows the antiviral efficacy test of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV5 in Vero cells: Different concentration gradients of BIIB021 were added to Vero cells to infect AdV5 at an MOI of 1.1. After incubation at 37°C for 48 hours, the percentage of inhibition of AdV5 in Vero cells treated with gradients of different drug concentrations was measured compared to cells without drug infection after virus infection. Make a regression curve plot based on the antiviral inhibition rate versus the logarithm of drug concentration.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Current drug efficacy evaluation technologies at the cellular level mainly include: (1) Phenotypic endpoint detection, including cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque formation assay (Plaque assay). (2) Cell-based single-target detection mainly reflects the replication level of the virus by detecting the structural proteins or nucleic acids of the virus. (3) Reporter gene detection, using reporter viruses or reporter cells to detect virus replication levels. (4) Virus titer detection, using plaque test or TCID50 detection experiment to determine the production of infectious virus. These methods can all be used to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of drugs. In the specific embodiment of the present invention, indirect immunofluorescence technology is used to detect the expression level of the adenovirus structural protein Hexon to reflect the replication level of the virus. It is a single-target detection technology based on cells. It is a very reliable and mature technology, ensuring the accuracy of the experimental method of the present invention.

The present invention uses the African green monkey kidney cell line Vero as a cell model to analyze the in vitro antiviral activity of BIIB021. Adenovirus can infect a variety of cells, mainly including tumor cells, such as A549, and non-tumor cells, such as Vero. A549 tumor cells are interferon-producing cells, and interferon itself has antiviral effects, which may interfere with the evaluation of the antiviral effects of drugs. Secondly, BIIB021 has the ability to inhibit the growth of tumor cells, which may cause false antiviral activity. Therefore, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, a non-tumor cell line with defective interferon production, Vero cells, is selected. This cell line is one of the cell lines currently widely used to study adenovirus. This can maximize the efficiency of drug research. accuracy.

The present invention uses the African green monkey kidney cell line Vero, which can infect two kinds of adenovirus, to quantitatively analyze the in vitro antiviral activity of BIIB021, and calculates its selection index to conduct a true and systematic evaluation of the in vitro anti-adenovirus effect of BIIB021.

Experimental Materials:

Cell lines, experimental animals and viruses required for experiments:

Vero cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC);

Strains used: adenovirus type B AdV3, adenovirus type C AdV5.

Drugs required for the experiment: BIIB021 was purchased from Selleck Chemicals; during cell experiments, the drugs were dissolved in DMSO.

Reagents required for the experiment:

DMEM medium and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from GIBCO;

CellTiter-Glo cell proliferation detection kit was purchased from Promega Company.

Instruments required for the experiment:

EnSpire multifunctional microplate reader was purchased from PerkinElmer;

CO ₂ cell culture incubator was purchased from Thermo Company;

The Operetta CLS high-content imaging analysis system was purchased from PerkinElmer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions adopted are:

1. Cytotoxicity detection of BIIB021

(1) The African green monkey kidney cell line Vero was plated into a 96-well plate at 2×10 ⁴ per well and cultured for 24 hours.

(2) Add BIIB021 diluted with culture medium to different gradient concentrations, and continue culturing for 48 hours in an incubator containing 5% _CO2 at 37°C.

(3) Detect the cell viability after treatment with different concentrations of drugs to detect the cytotoxicity of BIIB021.

(4) Use Graphpad to plot the relative cell viability (Cell viability) against the logarithm of the drug concentration to calculate the half cytotoxic concentration (CC ₅₀ ) of the drug.

2. Evaluate the antiviral activity of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV3 in cell models

(1) The African green monkey kidney cell line Vero was plated into a 96-well plate at 2×10 ⁴ per well and cultured for 24 hours. In order to test its antiviral efficacy, Vero cells were infected with adenovirus AdV3 at 0.55MOI (multiplicity of infection).

(2) At the same time, add BIIB021 diluted with culture medium to different gradient concentrations, and continue culturing for 48 hours in an incubator containing 5% _CO2 at 37°C.

(3) Use indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect the number of virus-infected positive cells (number of Hexon-positive cells) in the cell wells of the drug-treated group and the untreated group to evaluate the adenovirus AdV3 after treatment with different concentrations of BIIB021 level of replication.

(4) Use Graphpad to plot the logarithm of the inhibition rate (Inhibition rate) against the drug concentration, and calculate the half inhibitory concentration (IC ₅₀ ) of the drug against adenovirus AdV3. Calculate the selection index of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV3 on Vero cell line.

3. Evaluate the antiviral activity of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV5 in cell models

(1) The African green monkey kidney cell line Vero was plated into a 96-well plate at 2×10 ⁴ per well and cultured for 24 hours. In order to test its antiviral effect, Vero cells were infected with adenovirus AdV5 at 1.1 MOI (multiplicity of infection).

(2) At the same time, add BIIB021 diluted with culture medium to different gradient concentrations, and continue culturing for 48 hours in an incubator containing 5% _CO2 at 37°C.

(3) Use indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect the number of virus-infected positive cells (number of Hexon-positive cells) in the cell wells of the drug-treated group and the untreated group to evaluate the adenovirus AdV5 after treatment with different concentrations of BIIB021. level of replication.

(4) Use Graphpad to plot the logarithm of the inhibition rate (Inhibition rate) against the drug concentration, and calculate the half inhibitory concentration (IC ₅₀ ) of the drug against adenovirus AdV5. Calculate the selection index of BIIB021 against adenovirus AdV5 on Vero cell line.

The following are examples:

Example 1: Evaluation of cytotoxicity of BIIB021 in Vero cell line

1Cell culture

After cryopreservation and recovery, the cells were passaged twice and expanded and cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and double antibodies (penicillin 100 U/ml, streptomycin 100 μg/ml). The inoculation density was not less than 1 ×10 ⁴ cell/ml, and the passage density should not be higher than 5×10 ⁴ cell/ml.

2. Drug-treated cells

Vero cells were seeded in a 96-well cell culture plate at 1×10 ⁴ cells/well (volume 100 μL), and cultured for 24 h until the confluence of the cell wells reached 80%; use 200 μL culture medium per well (DMEM medium + 2% serum + Double antibody) prepare the drug and add it to the corresponding cell wells and mix well. There are 7 concentration gradients for the drug, and 2 duplicate wells are set up for each gradient concentration. The final concentrations are 0.007μM, 0.02μM, 0.06μM, 0.19μM, 0.56μM, 1.67μM and 5μM, containing 5% CO ₂ at 37°C. Continue culturing in the incubator for 48 hours.

3 Calculate the toxicity of drugs in each detection well to cells

Remove the supernatant and add 100 µL to each well reagent, incubate the plate at room temperature for 10 minutes to stabilize the luminescence signal. Chemiluminescence readings were detected using an EnSpire microplate reader and cell viability was calculated.

Cell survival rate (%)=drug-treated group/untreated control group*100%

The results are shown in Figure 1. After BIIB021 treated Vero cells for 48 hours at the highest concentration of 5 μM, the cell viability was slightly different from the control group, indicating that BIIB021 was slightly toxic to cells at this concentration, and its half toxic concentration CC ₅₀ was greater than 5 μM.

Example 2: Evaluation of anti-AdV3 adenovirus activity of BIIB021 in Vero cell line

1Cell culture

After cryopreservation and recovery, cells were passaged twice and expanded and cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and double antibodies (penicillin 100 U/ml, streptomycin 100 μg/ml). The inoculation density was not less than 1 ×10 ⁴ cell/ml, and the passage density should not be higher than 5 × 10 ⁴ cell/ml.

2. Drug-treated cells

Vero cells were inoculated into a 96-well cell culture plate at 1×10 ⁴ cells/well (volume 100 μL), and cultured for 24 h until the confluence of the cell wells reached 80%; 0.55 MOI (multiplicity of infection) AdV3 virus was added to the infection group, and each Gradient concentrations of the drug (using 5 μM as the starting concentration, consecutive 3-fold dilutions for 7 gradients, two duplicate wells for each gradient) to a total volume of 200 μL of culture medium (DMEM culture medium + 2% serum + double antibodies), inoculate the cells Cultivate in the incubator at 37°C for 48 hours.

3 Indirect immunofluorescence method to detect specific fluorescently labeled viruses

Cell culture plates were washed twice with cells in PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (4% PFA in PBS) for 20 min at room temperature. Fixed samples were washed three times with PBST (0.05% tween 20 in PBS) and then incubated in blocking buffer (3% BSA, 0.3% Triton X-100, and 10% FBS in PBS) for 1 hour at room temperature. This was followed by incubation overnight at 4°C in binding buffer (3% BSA, 0.3% Triton X-100 in PBS) with mouse monoclonal antibody directed against adenovirus hexon protein (diluted 1:200). After rinsing 3 times with PBST, samples were incubated in binding buffer with goat FITC-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (dilution 1:1000) and DAPI (dilution 1:10000) for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark. . Rinse 3 times with PBST before use The CLS ^TM high-content analysis system observes the sample, then captures and analyzes the image.

4 Calculate the virus inhibition rate of the drugs in each detection well

Cells were labeled by DAPI staining, and FITC staining intensity represented the level of viral replication. FITC background fluorescence values were measured in uninfected control cells. Cells with FITC intensity three times greater than control cells were defined as adenovirus-infected positive cells. Calculate the ratio of adenovirus-positive cells to total cells.

Inhibition rate (%) = 100% - (drug treated well - blank control) / (virus control well - blank control) * 100%

The results are shown in Figure 2. BIIB021 significantly inhibited the replication of adenovirus AdV3 in a dose-dependent manner, and its half effective concentration IC ₅₀ was 0.10 μM.

5 Drug Selection Index Calculation

The drug selection index (SI) is used to determine the safe range of drug effects. A selection index greater than 3 is considered effective. The greater the index, the greater the safety range. The calculation formula is: SI=CC ₅₀ /IC ₅₀

Combining the above data, BIIB021 has a selection index of adenovirus AdV3 greater than 10 on Vero and has effective anti-adenovirus AdV3 activity.

Example 3: Evaluation of anti-AdV5 adenovirus activity of BIIB021 in Vero cell line

1Cell culture

After cryopreservation and recovery, the cells were passaged twice and expanded and cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and double antibodies (penicillin 100 U/ml, streptomycin 100 μg/ml). The inoculation density was not less than 1 ×10 ⁴ cell/ml, and the passage density should not be higher than 5×10 ⁴ cell/ml.

2. Drug-treated cells

Vero cells were inoculated into a 96-well cell culture plate at 1×104 cells/well (volume 100 μL), and cultured for 24 hours until the confluence of the cell wells reached 80%; 1.1 MOI (multiplicity of infection) AdV5 virus was added to the infection group, and each gradient was added at the same time. Concentration of the drug (using 5 μM as the starting concentration, consecutive 3-fold dilutions of 7 gradients, two duplicate wells for each gradient) to a total volume of 200 μL of culture medium (DMEM medium + 2% serum + double antibodies), in cell culture Incubate at 37°C for 48 hours.

3 Indirect immunofluorescence method to detect specific fluorescently labeled viruses

Cell culture plates were washed twice with cells in PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (4% PFA in PBS) for 20 min at room temperature. Fixed samples were washed three times with PBST (0.05% tween 20 in PBS) and then incubated in blocking buffer (3% BSA, 0.3% Triton X-100, and 10% FBS in PBS) for 1 hour at room temperature. This was followed by incubation overnight at 4°C in binding buffer (3% BSA, 0.3% TritonX-100 in PBS) with mouse monoclonal antibody against the adenovirus hexon protein (diluted 1:200). After rinsing 3 times with PBST, samples were incubated in binding buffer with goat FITC-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (dilution 1:1000) and DAPI (dilution 1:10000) for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark. . Rinse 3 times with PBST before use The CLS ^TM high-content analysis system observes the sample, then captures and analyzes the image

4 Calculate the virus inhibition rate of the drugs in each detection well

Cells were labeled by DAPI staining, and FITC staining intensity represented the level of viral replication. FITC background fluorescence values were measured in uninfected control cells. Cells with FITC intensity three times greater than control cells were defined as adenovirus-infected positive cells. Calculate the ratio of adenovirus-positive cells to total cells.

Inhibition rate (%) = 100% - (drug treated well - blank control) / (virus control well - blank control) * 100%

The results are shown in Figure 3. BIIB021 significantly inhibited the replication of adenovirus AdV5 in a dose-dependent manner, and its half effective concentration IC ₅₀ was 0.24 μM.

5 Drug Selection Index Calculation

The drug selection index (SI) is used to determine the safe range of drug effects. A selection index greater than 3 is considered effective. The greater the index, the greater the safety range. The calculation formula is: SI=CC ₅₀ /IC ₅₀

Combining the above data, BIIB021 has a selectivity index of adenovirus AdV5 greater than 10 on Vero and has effective anti-adenovirus AdV5 activity.

The present invention detects the toxicity of BIIB021 to cells in the African green monkey kidney cell line Vero, and simultaneously determines the toxicity of BIIB021 to adenovirus type 3 (AdV3) and adenovirus type 5 (AdV5) in the Vero cell line. Inhibitory effects of adenovirus. The results showed that the small molecule compound BIIB021 had significant dose-dependent anti-adenovirus activity against both AdV3 and AdV5. Therefore, BIIB021 disclosed in the present invention is a new type of antiviral drug against adenovirus. It has the advantages of good safety, high selectivity index and broad-spectrum anti-adenovirus. It can be used to develop drugs for the treatment of adenovirus infection and has broad potential. Application prospects.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. Application of BIIB021 in preparing medicine for inhibiting adenovirus and/or preparing medicine for preventing and/or treating adenovirus infection; the adenovirus is adenovirus type 1, type 3, type 5, type 7, type 11, type 14 or type 55.
2. 2. The use of claim 1, wherein the adenovirus is adenovirus type 3 or adenovirus type 5.
3. 3. The use of claim 1, wherein the medicament comprises BIIB021 and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive.
4. 4. The use of claim 1, wherein the adenovirus infection is one or more of a respiratory disease, an intestinal disease, and a corneal disease.
5. 5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the medicament is in the form of a tablet, capsule, granule, drop pill, liquid, decoction, suppository, gel, aerosol or patch.