CN114650103B - Mud pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Mud pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
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- H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
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Abstract
Provided herein are a mud pulse data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium, the method comprising: carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal; according to a preset signal transmission sequence, pulse signal coding is sequentially carried out on data to be transmitted of a target frame according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are transmitted, the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule coding is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule coding, the data to be transmitted of the target frame is data to be transmitted of a non-first frame, invalid data information in data transmission can be reduced through adjusting the coding rule of the transmission data, and therefore the time of data transmission is shortened, and the efficiency of mud pulse data transmission is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data transmission in the field of petroleum exploration, and particularly relates to a mud pulse data transmission method, device and equipment and a storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of logging technology, the influence of geological parameters on the development effect of an oil layer is increasingly important, so that information uploaded by mud is required in the drilling process, and besides track information of a well hole, including a well inclination angle, an azimuth angle, a tool face angle and the like, a large amount of geological information is required for judging the position of the oil layer, such as natural gamma or azimuth gamma, neutrons, electromagnetic wave resistivity, porosity and the like.
The current pulse signal transmission mode mainly comprises electromagnetic waves, sound waves and mud pulses, wherein the mud pulse transmission mode is most widely and well-established in application, and the working principle is that the measurement data and the real-time working condition information of the underground instrument are encoded into pulse signals through a central control unit (called central control for short), and then the pulse signals are transmitted to the ground in real time by taking mud as a carrier. Due to the characteristics of the mud delivery channel, the typical delivery rate is less than 2bps. Because of the characteristics of the mud pulse coding protocol, besides effective data information, time reference and other information are additionally added in one frame of data, when a large amount of data needs to be transmitted under the condition of meeting the data transmission precision, the signal transmission can be completed for a long time, so that the real-time performance of measurement information cannot be met more and more, the data transmission efficiency is low, and therefore, how to improve the data transmission efficiency of mud pulses becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium for transmitting mud pulse data, which can improve the efficiency of mud pulse data transmission.
In order to solve the technical problems, the specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided herein a mud pulse data transmission method, the method being applied at a data transmission end, the method comprising the steps of:
carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal;
and according to a preset signal transmission sequence, sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are transmitted, wherein the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is the data to be transmitted of the non-initial frame.
In a second aspect, there is provided a mud pulse data transmission method, the method being applied at a data receiving end, the method comprising the steps of:
Acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
and decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain underground measurement parameters.
In a third aspect, there is also provided herein a mud pulse data transmission apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first transmission module is used for carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal;
the second transmission module is used for sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a preset signal transmission sequence and sending a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are sent, wherein the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule coding is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule coding, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is non-first frame data to be transmitted.
In a fourth aspect, there is also provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method steps as described above when executing the computer program.
In a fifth aspect, there is also provided herein a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing a method step as described above when the computer program is executed by a processor. .
According to the mud pulse data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium, signal coding is carried out on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to the first signal coding rule, pulse signals are transmitted, signal coding is carried out on the subsequent transmission data according to the second signal coding rule, and the pulse signals are transmitted, and invalid data information in data transmission can be reduced by adjusting the coding rule of the transmission data, so that the time of data transmission is shortened, and the efficiency of mud pulse data transmission is improved.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments herein or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments herein and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment herein;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of data to be transmitted for the first frame in the embodiments herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of data to be transmitted for a target frame in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of signal encoding structures of a synchronization header and a first synchronization header in embodiments herein;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a signal encoding structure of a second synchronization header in the embodiments herein;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of further steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic step diagram of a mud pulse signal transmission method in embodiments herein;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of further steps of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 9 illustrates a flow chart of a mud pulse signal transmission method in an embodiment herein;
FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a mud pulse signal transmission apparatus in accordance with an embodiment herein;
FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a mud pulse signal transmission apparatus in an embodiment herein;
fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer device in the embodiments herein.
Description of the drawings:
10. the first frame of data to be sent;
11. A synchronization head;
12. a first synchronization head;
13. a first data encoding block;
20. the target frame is to send data;
21. a second synchronization head;
22. a second data encoding block;
100. a first transmission module;
200. a second transmission module;
300. a mud pulse receiving module;
400. a frame attribute determination module;
500. a decoding module;
1202. a computer device;
1204. a processor;
1206. a memory;
1208. a driving mechanism;
1210. an input/output module;
1212. an input device;
1214. an output device;
1216. a presentation device;
1218. a graphical user interface;
1220. a network interface;
1222. a communication link;
1224. a communication bus.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the disclosure. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without undue burden, are within the scope of protection herein.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims herein and in the foregoing figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments described herein may be capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
In the prior art, mud pulse transmission is a common data transmission mode in the logging field, a central controller at the bottom of a well logging carries out compression coding on data to be sent according to an output transmission sequence, after a pump is started and electrified, mud is brought to the ground along a logging channel, the change of mud pressure signals is realized according to the data after compression coding through the action of a control pulser, the purpose of modulating the mud pulse signals is achieved, the mud pulse signals are transmitted to the ground along with the circulation of drilling fluid, and the ground acquires pressure sensor data in real time and filters and decodes the pressure data to obtain underground real-time information. However, as the amount of data to be transmitted increases, the transmission time increases, and thus the real-time performance of the measured data information transmission is poor, and it is difficult for a conventional single signal coding rule to adapt to the transmission of a large amount of data.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for transmitting a mud pulse signal is provided, where different signal coding rules are set, that is, a first signal coding rule is applied to data to be transmitted in a first frame to perform pulse signal coding, a second signal coding rule is applied to data to be transmitted in a target frame to perform pulse signal coding, and different signal coding rules are set to different frame data, so that on the premise of ensuring a signal time reference, the time for transmitting a signal of the data to be transmitted in the target frame can be reduced, and thus the data transmission efficiency of the mud pulse can be improved.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic step diagram of a method for transmitting a mud pulse signal is provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, where the steps of the method are described in the examples or the flowcharts, but more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When a system or apparatus product in practice is executed, it may be executed sequentially or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings. As shown in fig. 1, the method may include:
s101: carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal;
s102: and according to a preset signal transmission sequence, sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are transmitted, wherein the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is the data to be transmitted of the non-initial frame.
When data transmission is performed, data to be transmitted are sequentially transmitted according to a transmission sequence, the first frame of data to be transmitted can be understood as effective data transmitted for the first time in the whole transmission sequence, the effective data is data information of measurement data, and the target frame of data to be transmitted can be understood as effective data except for the transmission sequence of the first frame of data to be transmitted.
The signal transmission sequence may be a transmission sequence of measurement data, a composition of measurement data, and a type of transmission sequence, for example, may be 0, 1, 2, 3, etc., the measurement data may include well deviation, azimuth, temperature, side inclination, gamma, voltage, etc., and the type of transmission sequence may include a rotation sequence, a non-rotation sequence, a downloading sequence, etc., as shown in table 1 below, which is a specific transmission sequence configuration information table in the embodiment of the present specification:
table 1 transmission sequence configuration information table
| Subsynchronous header | Parameter configuration | Type(s) |
| 0 | Well deviation + azimuth + temperature + dip angle | Non-rotating sequence |
| 1 | Well deviation + azimuth + temperature + voltage | Non-rotating sequence |
| 2 | Well deviation + azimuth + gravity + magnetic field + | Non-rotating sequence |
| 3 | Gamma 1+ gamma 2+ well deviation | Non-rotating sequence |
| 4 | Gamma 1+ gamma 2+ well deviation + azimuth | Non-rotating sequence |
| 5 | Resistivity 1+ resistivity 2+ well deviation | Non-rotating sequence |
| 6 | Resistivity 1+ resistivity 2+ well deviation + azimuth | Non-rotating sequence |
| 7 | Well deviation + rotation orientation + temperature + magnetic dip angle | Rotation sequence |
| 8 | Well deviation + rotation orientation + temperature + voltage | Rotation sequence |
| 9 | Well deviation + rotational orientation + gravitational sum + magnetic field sum | Rotation sequence |
| 10 | Upper gamma + lower gamma + well deviation | Rotation sequence |
| 11 | Upper gamma + lower gamma + well deviation + rotation orientation | Rotation sequence |
| 12 | Azimuthal resistivity 1+ azimuthal resistivity 2+ well deviation | Rotation sequence |
| 13 | Azimuthal resistivity 1+ azimuthal resistivity 2+ well deviation + rotational azimuth | Rotation sequence |
| 14 | Magnitude of guiding force + direction of guiding force | Downloading sequence |
| 15 | Guide force magnitude, guide force direction and upward return command | Downloading sequence |
In practical work, different signal transmission sequences can be set according to different logging information, when data transmission is measured, the data can be repeatedly transmitted according to the preset signal transmission sequences, namely, when the signal transmission sequence of one completion flow is transmitted, the data can be transmitted again according to the same sequence, the same transmission sequence is circulated, in some other embodiments, different signal transmission sequences can be set, after one transmission sequence is transmitted, the different transmission sequences can be continuously transmitted, and the specific transmission process is not limited in the specification.
In the case of transmitting a pulse signal transmitted in accordance with a signal transmission sequence downhole, it is necessary to receive the pulse signal in accordance with the signal transmission sequence at the time of surface reception, that is, to obtain accurate measurement data at the time of pulse signal decoding.
In actual work, the signal transmission sequence can be configured on the ground in advance and stored in a memory of the central controller, specifically, the signal transmission sequence can be downloaded to the central controller in a serial port communication protocol mode, or the signal transmission sequence can be stored in a server, and the central controller is connected with the server to download and store the signal transmission sequence. The central controller is used for controlling the compression coding of underground data, and according to the signal transmission sequence configured on the ground, the accurate type and sequence of underground measurement data can be obtained through decoding.
In a further embodiment, in order to ensure that the signal transmission sequence stored in the underground central controller is consistent with the information of the ground configuration, analog verification can be performed before actual work, specifically, pulse signals are sent in an analog mode to preset data according to the signal transmission sequence stored in the central controller, pulse signal pressure data are acquired in real time through a pressure sensor, corresponding data information is obtained through decoding the pressure data, final data information is obtained through combining the signal transmission sequence, the final data information is compared with the preset data, and therefore whether the signal transmission sequence stored in the underground central controller is consistent with the information of the ground configuration or not is judged, and therefore the fact that real and reliable measurement data can be obtained after the pulse signals obtained in the underground are decoded can be ensured.
Because of the characteristics of pulse transmission data, the transmitted measurement data needs to be preprocessed before pulse coding, the preprocessed measurement data can be identified by the central controller and controlled to be modulated by a pulse device, in this embodiment, the measurement data can be compressed and coded by binary system, for example, when the measurement data is 3, the binary system is indicated as 11, and in addition, the serial number indicating the data transmission sequence needs to be compressed and coded, for example, as shown in table 1, the serial number of the third frame data is 2, the binary system is indicated as 10, the data is conveniently represented in a pulse form by binary compressed data, for example, a Manchester coding mode is adopted, the signal level is indicated as 1 from low to high or from high to low by a pulse signal, and the signal level is indicated as 0 from high to low by a jump, so in the embodiment, the output of the binary system of binary data is realized by modulating the high-low change of the pulse signal, in some other embodiments, the data transmission of the pulse signal can be realized by other coding modes, and the present invention is not limited.
According to the embodiment of the specification, different coding rules are adopted for the data to be sent of the first frame and the data to be sent of the target frame, and compared with the prior art that the same coding rules are adopted for the first frame and the target frame, the transmission time obtained by coding through the second signal coding rule is smaller than the transmission time obtained by coding through the first signal coding rule in the embodiment, so that the transmission time is reduced in the whole signal transmission sequence process, the data transmission efficiency is further improved, meanwhile, the transmission time of the target frame is reduced, the instantaneity of data transmission is improved, and the transmission of a large amount of data is facilitated.
In the embodiment of the present specification, as shown in fig. 2, the first frame of data to be transmitted 10 includes a synchronization header 11, a first synchronization header 12, and a first data encoding block 13; the synchronization header 11 is used for providing a time reference for the signal transmission sequence, i.e. the start time of the total data transmission, the first synchronization header 12 is used for providing sequence information for the signal transmission, and the first data encoding block 13 is used for representing the original value information of the transmission data.
It will be understood that, by setting the synchronization header 11 in the data to be sent 10 of the first frame, the start position of data reception, that is, the position of the first frame, may be determined, so as to realize continuous reception of the pulse signal, so that, in order to ensure that the synchronization header can be accepted and captured, a long transmission time, that is, more pulses with fixed pulse width, for example, 8 pulses with fixed pulse width of 2s, may be set during encoding, so that the transmission time of the synchronization header is 16s, in actual operation, the same level change may be set in the middle position of the synchronization header, and opposite level changes may be set at the end and end of the synchronization header, so that, for example, two pulses at the end and end of the synchronization header are set to high level and jump to low level, and the middle position pulse is set to low level and jump to high level, and the first synchronization is only used to indicate that the attribute of the data to be transmitted is determined according to the serial number, so that different transmission times, that different numbers of fixed pulse widths are required according to different serial numbers.
In this embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the data 20 to be transmitted of the target frame includes a second synchronization header 21 and a second data encoding block 22, where the second synchronization header 21 is used to provide a time reference and sequence information of the signal transmission of the target frame, that is, a start time of each frame when received, and may also represent sequence information of each frame, and the second data encoding block 22 is used to represent a deviation value of a true value of the data transmitted of the target frame relative to that of the data transmitted of the first frame.
It can be understood that the second synchronization header 21 and the first synchronization header 12 adopt different pulse coding modes, so as to realize different functions, that is, the second synchronization header 21 can realize the functions of time reference and sequence information, meanwhile, because the borehole track and the real-time working condition generally change slowly in the drilling process, the transmission data of adjacent frames are not very different, the second data coding blocks are only represented in the form of offset values, so that the transmission quality can be ensured, the transmission time of the data coding blocks can be reduced, the transmission time of the whole target frame is reduced, and therefore, compared with the mode of setting the first frame, the transmission time of all data can be reduced, the data transmission efficiency is improved, and the real-time of the data transmission is improved.
The first data encoding block 13 and the second data encoding block 22 are each provided with a valid data value and a verification value, wherein the valid data value represents an original value or a deviation value of the transmission measurement data, the verification value is used for checking whether the decoded valid data is correct, for example, even verification is adopted, that is, even 1 s in the data are verified to be 0, odd 1 s are verified to be 1, for example, one data is encoded by 8 bits, 9 bits are used for encoding and transmission, and the last bit is verified to be 01001010 1. By setting the verification value, omission or increase of output is avoided, and the authenticity and reliability of the data are further ensured.
In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the first signal encoding rule includes pulse encoding the synchronization header, the first synchronization header, and the first data encoding block sequentially by a first pulse signal; the second signal encoding rule includes pulse encoding the second synchronization header with a second pulse signal and pulse encoding the second data encoding block with a first pulse signal, wherein a pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than a pulse width of the first pulse signal.
It should be noted that, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are modulated by the same coding principle, such as the manchester coding, but the coding parameters are different, where the first pulse signal may be a conventional pulse, the transmission time of the pulse signal is a preset pulse width (PW 1), as shown in fig. 4, and the pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than the pulse width of the first pulse signal, which may be understood as a fat pulse, where the pulse width is PW2, and PW2> PW1.
After the effect of the time reference is achieved by the data to be sent of the first frame, the time reference can be conveniently achieved by the subsequent frames according to the continuous receiving of the pulse signals, the time reference can be achieved by the fat pulse modulated by the second pulse signals, and therefore different target frame data can be determined.
In some other embodiments, the pulse width of the second pulse signal may be smaller than that of the first pulse signal, which, although the smaller pulse width is not easy to be identified in actual operation, results in poor accuracy of the time references of different frame data, but the smaller pulse width may reduce the transmission time of a single frame, thereby reducing the time of the data transmission of the whole transmission sequence, and improving the efficiency and instantaneity of data transmission.
In a specific embodiment, the pw2= (1.2-2) PW1 may ensure that the fat pulse can be identified in time, so as to avoid that the long pulse width of the fat pulse affects the fast identification of the target frame, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency, and preferably, the pw2= 1.5PW1.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second synchronization header may further provide a sequence number of signal transmission, so, as shown in fig. 5, encoding the second synchronization header includes: determining sequence information corresponding to the data to be sent of the target frame; determining the structural composition of the second synchronization head according to the sequence information; and continuously generating two second pulse signals according to the structural composition of the second synchronous head, wherein a preset time is arranged between the two second pulse signals, and the preset time is used for representing the sequence information of the data to be transmitted of the target frame. Specifically, the second synchronization header is configured to be formed by adding a preset time to two fat pulses, and a functional relationship between the preset time and the sequence number may be set, so that the sequence number may be represented by the preset time, for example: S=Δt/(0.5PW1), S is the serial number, Δt is the default time, so the second synchronization head can realize the function of time reference and serial number only by modulating two pulse signals and the time difference between them, reduce the modulation times of the pulse, and increase the modulation efficiency.
It should be noted that, in order to reduce the transmission time of the second synchronization header and improve the data transmission efficiency, the smaller the preset time is, the better the preset time is, so that other functional relationships of the preset time may be set, and the smaller preset time can reflect all the sequence numbers, and the specific functional relationship is not limited in the embodiment of the present specification.
Since the second data encoding block in the data to be transmitted of the target frame represents the offset value of the actually transmitted data, in order to avoid the decrease of the reliability of the transmitted data caused by the overlarge offset value, as shown in fig. 6, the method may further include the following steps on the basis of the above steps:
s103: judging whether the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the data to be transmitted of the target frame exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
s104: if the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the target frame to-be-transmitted data exceeds the preset threshold value, updating the next frame to-be-transmitted data of the target frame to be the first frame to-be-transmitted data, and repeating the steps of pulse signal coding and transmitting the to-be-transmitted data.
Different preset thresholds may be set according to different parameters, where the preset thresholds may be understood as transmission ranges of offset values, that is, different parameters correspond to different transmission ranges of offset values, in one frame of data, when multiple sets of parameter configurations occur, the preset thresholds may also be multiple, when at least one data occurrence in one frame of data exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the requirement of step S103 is met, alternatively, the transmission range of offset values is ±20% of the full range of transmission parameters, for example, the full range is-30 ℃ to 50 ℃ in the downhole temperature range, and thus the preset threshold is-16 ℃ to 16 ℃, and in some other embodiments, the preset thresholds are also different according to different measurement parameters, logging information and geological environments, and are not limited in embodiments of the present specification.
When the data information corresponding to the second data coding block exceeds a preset threshold, the offset value representing the data transmission of the subsequent frame is larger, and the reliability is gradually reduced, so that the next frame to be transmitted data of the target frame can be updated as the first frame to be transmitted data, the next frame to be transmitted data can be subjected to pulse coding through a first signal coding rule, the next frame to be transmitted data can realize an accurate time reference and the original value of transmission measurement data, namely the first frame to be transmitted data of the second cycle, the next frame is used as the target frame to be subjected to pulse coding and transmission through the second signal coding rule, and the description is that the pulse coding mode is updated for the second cycle in the embodiment of the specification, but the signal transmission sequence can be kept continuous, the signal transmission sequence can be isolated in a data pulse coding mode, and the consistency of the underground and ground signal transmission sequences can be kept.
Based on the same inventive concept, on the basis of the above-mentioned implementation of sending the underground pulse signal, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for transmitting a mud pulse signal, where the method is used at a receiving end of a ground pulse, and includes steps of receiving and decoding the pulse signal, as shown in fig. 7, where the method may include:
S201: acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
s202: acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
s203: and decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain underground measurement parameters.
The ground pressure sensor collects pulse pressure signals in the slurry in real time, and judges frame attributes according to the received pulse pressure signals, for example, when only a first pulse signal is received in the pulse signals, or when a synchronous head is identified through the first pulse signal, the frame attributes are the first frame, the subsequent frame is a target frame, and when a second pulse signal different from the first pulse signal is identified through the identification of the target frame, the second synchronous head is indicated, or only the second synchronous head is identified through the second pulse signal, so that the target frame is judged.
In a further embodiment, in order to improve accuracy and reliability of data decoding, filtering processing may be performed after receiving the pulse signal, so as to avoid hardness of the interference signal and improve accuracy of data transmission of the pulse signal.
On the basis of the above steps, as shown in fig. 8, step S203 may further include the steps of:
s2031: when the received data is first frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a first signal coding rule to obtain underground first frame measurement parameters;
s2032: and when the received data is the target frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to the second signal coding rule to obtain underground target frame measurement data.
According to the specific implementation manners of the first signal coding rule and the second signal coding rule provided above, corresponding decoding rules can be obtained, that is, the received first frame data is decoded by adopting the decoding rule corresponding to the first signal coding rule, the received target frame data is decoded by adopting the decoding rule corresponding to the second signal coding rule, and then decimal is restored according to a data compression coding mode, such as a binary mode, to obtain real data.
As shown in fig. 9, in the flow chart of the mud pulse signal transmission method in the embodiment of the present disclosure, first, the transmission sequence information of the ground configuration is downloaded to the central controller memory through the serial communication protocol, then the ground analog pulse decoding is performed, so as to ensure that the transmission sequence configuration information stored in the central controller is consistent with the information of the ground configuration, then after the pump is powered on, the downhole central controller encodes according to the transmission sequence parameters of the ground configuration (adopts the manchester encoding mode, the signal level is represented by 1 from low to high and the signal level is represented by 0 from high to low), and the purpose of modulating the mud pulse signal 0/1 is achieved by controlling the action of the pulser. The mud pulse signal is transmitted to the ground along with the circulation of drilling fluid, and the ground acquires the pressure sensor data in real time and filters and decodes the pressure data to obtain underground real-time information. After the central control is electrified, when pulse signals are sent, a synchronization head, a first synchronization head and original value information of transmission data are sent as references, wherein the synchronization head is used for providing a time reference of signals, the first synchronization head represents a sequence number transmitted currently, then a second synchronization head and a deviation value of the transmission data relative to the original value reference are sent, and the second synchronization head coding rule is as follows: the method comprises the steps of adding a middle time difference between a front fat pulse and a rear fat pulse, representing a transmission sequence number through the time difference, judging whether a deviation value exceeds a preset threshold in real time, when the deviation value exceeds the preset threshold, encoding transmission data according to a synchronous head, a first synchronous head and a reference value sequence, repeating the encoding and transmitting steps until all underground measurement data are transmitted, and reducing the transmission time of the whole measurement data through different encoding rules, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency.
On the basis of the above-mentioned method for transmitting a mud pulse signal, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a device for transmitting a mud pulse signal, which is applied to a transmitting end of a mud pulse, as shown in fig. 10, and the device includes:
the first transmission module 100 is configured to perform signal encoding on data to be transmitted of a first frame according to a first signal encoding rule and transmit a pulse signal;
and the second transmission module 200 is configured to perform signal encoding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a second signal encoding rule in sequence according to a preset signal transmission sequence, and send a pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are transmitted, where the transmission time obtained by encoding the second signal encoding rule is less than the transmission time obtained by encoding the first signal encoding rule, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is non-first frame data to be transmitted.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a mud pulse signal transmission device, which is applied to a receiving end of a mud pulse, as shown in fig. 11, and the device includes:
the pulse signal receiving module 300 is used for acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
the frame attribute determining module 400 is configured to obtain, according to the mud pulse signal, a frame attribute of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signal, where the frame attribute includes a first frame and a target frame;
The decoding module 500 is configured to decode the mud pulse signal according to a preset encoding rule according to the frame attribute of the received data to obtain a downhole measurement parameter.
As shown in fig. 12, for a computer device provided by embodiments herein, the computer device 1202 may include one or more processors 1204, such as one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), each of which may implement one or more hardware threads. Computer device 1202 may also include any memory 1206 for storing any kind of information, such as code, settings, data, etc. For example, and without limitation, memory 1206 may include any one or more of the following combinations: any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory devices, hard disks, optical disks, etc. More generally, any memory may store information using any technique. Further, any memory may provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Further, any memory may represent fixed or removable components of computer device 1202. In one case, when the processor 1204 executes associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 1202 can perform any of the operations of the associated instructions. The computer device 1202 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 1208 for interacting with any memory, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, optical disk drive mechanism, and the like.
The computer device 1202 may also include an input/output module 1210 (I/O) for receiving various inputs (via input device 1212) and for providing various outputs (via output device 1214)). One particular output mechanism may include a presentation device 1216 and an associated Graphical User Interface (GUI) 1218. In other embodiments, input/output module 1210 (I/O), input device 1212, and output device 1214 may not be included as only one computer device in a network. Computer device 1202 may also include one or more network interfaces 1220 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 1222. One or more communication buses 1224 couple the above-described components together.
The communication link 1222 may be implemented in any manner, for example, through a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the internet), a point-to-point connection, etc., or any combination thereof. The communication link 1222 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc., governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.
Corresponding to the method in fig. 1-8, embodiments herein also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the above method.
Embodiments herein also provide a computer readable instruction wherein the program therein causes the processor to perform the method as shown in fig. 1 to 8 when the processor executes the instruction.
It should be understood that, in the various embodiments herein, the sequence number of each process described above does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments herein.
It should also be understood that in embodiments herein, the term "and/or" is merely one relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, in computer software, or in a combination of the two, and that the elements and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices, or elements, or may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the elements may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments herein.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments herein may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions herein are essentially or portions contributing to the prior art, or all or portions of the technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments herein. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Specific examples are set forth herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments herein and are merely illustrative of the methods herein and their core ideas; also, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the teachings herein, many variations are possible in the specific embodiments and in the scope of use, and nothing in this specification should be construed as a limitation on the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of mud pulse data transmission, the method comprising:
carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal;
and according to a preset signal transmission sequence, sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a second signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are transmitted, wherein the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is the data to be transmitted of the non-initial frame.
2. The method of mud pulse data transmission according to claim 1, wherein,
The first frame data to be sent comprises a synchronous head, a first synchronous head and a first data coding block; the first data coding block is used for representing original value information of transmission data;
the target frame data to be sent comprises a second synchronization head and a second data coding block, wherein the second synchronization head is used for providing time reference and sequence information of target frame signal transmission, and the second data coding block is used for representing the deviation value of the true value of the target frame transmission data relative to the first frame transmission data.
3. The method for transmitting mud pulse data according to claim 2, wherein,
the first signal coding rule comprises that the synchronous head, the first synchronous head and the first data coding block are coded by a first pulse signal in sequence;
the second signal encoding rule includes encoding the second synchronization header pulse signal by a second pulse signal and encoding the second data encoding block pulse signal by a first pulse signal, wherein a pulse width of the second pulse signal is greater than a pulse width of the first pulse signal.
4. A mud pulse data transmission method as defined in claim 3, wherein encoding the second synchronization head pulse signal with a second pulse signal comprises:
determining sequence information corresponding to the data to be sent of the target frame;
determining the structural composition of the second synchronization head according to the sequence information;
and continuously generating two second pulse signals according to the structural composition of the second synchronous head, wherein a preset time is arranged between the two second pulse signals, and the preset time is used for representing the sequence information of the data to be transmitted of the target frame.
5. The method for transmitting mud pulse data according to claim 2, wherein the step of sequentially encoding the pulse signal of the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to the second signal encoding rule to obtain and transmit the mud pulse signal further comprises:
judging whether the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the data to be transmitted of the target frame exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
if the data information corresponding to the second data coding block in the target frame to-be-transmitted data exceeds the preset threshold value, updating the next frame to-be-transmitted data of the target frame to be the first frame to-be-transmitted data, and repeating the steps of pulse signal coding and transmitting the to-be-transmitted data.
6. A method of mud pulse data transmission, the method comprising:
acquiring a downhole mud pulse signal;
acquiring frame attributes of received data corresponding to the mud pulse signals according to the mud pulse signals, wherein the frame attributes comprise a first frame and a target frame;
according to the frame attribute of the received data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a preset coding rule to obtain underground measurement parameters;
the step of decoding the mud pulse signal according to the frame attribute of the received data and a preset coding rule to obtain underground measurement parameters further comprises the following steps:
when the received data is first frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to a first signal coding rule to obtain underground first frame measurement parameters;
and when the received data is the target frame data, decoding the mud pulse signal according to a decoding rule corresponding to the second signal coding rule to obtain underground target frame measurement data.
7. A mud pulse data transmission apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first transmission module is used for carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the first frame according to a first signal coding rule to obtain and transmit a mud pulse signal;
The second transmission module is used for sequentially carrying out pulse signal coding on the data to be transmitted of the target frame according to a preset signal transmission sequence and sending a mud pulse signal until all the data to be transmitted are sent, wherein the transmission time of the mud pulse signal obtained through the second signal coding rule coding is smaller than that of the mud pulse signal obtained through the first signal coding rule coding, and the data to be transmitted of the target frame is non-first frame data to be transmitted.
8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 5 and/or claim 6 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores an executing computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 5 and/or claim 6.
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| CN115296752B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Mud pulse data coding and transmitting method, device and equipment |
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